EP0409037B1 - Chambre de combustion des matières au moins partiellement combustibles - Google Patents

Chambre de combustion des matières au moins partiellement combustibles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0409037B1
EP0409037B1 EP90113091A EP90113091A EP0409037B1 EP 0409037 B1 EP0409037 B1 EP 0409037B1 EP 90113091 A EP90113091 A EP 90113091A EP 90113091 A EP90113091 A EP 90113091A EP 0409037 B1 EP0409037 B1 EP 0409037B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
combustion chamber
combustion
ash
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90113091A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0409037A1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Dr. Tratz
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Lösel (FH)
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/08—Liquid slag removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J9/00—Preventing premature solidification of molten combustion residues
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/304—Burning pyrosolids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combustion chamber which is equipped with a burner and has an inlet for a product which comprises pyrolysis residue and carbonization gas from a pyrolysis reactor which converts waste into carbonization gas and essentially nonvolatile pyrolysis residue, the pyrolysis reactor in particular being a discharge device for the nonvolatile Pyrolysis residue is connected, which has a carbonization gas outlet for discharging carbonization gas, and wherein the carbonization gas and processed pyrolysis residue are fed to the combustion chamber.
  • a burner for biomass is known from EP 0 143 510 A1, into which combustion air is fed in at four different points.
  • the supplied biomass is moist and is dried and degassed in the burner.
  • the known burner has a combustion chamber, the entire inner surface of which is provided with a refractory coating.
  • a refractory coating In such combustion chambers, it is customary to have a brick lining with refractory refractory bricks. Coating with a refractory so-called ramming compound is also common.
  • a system for thermal waste disposal is known from EP 0 302 510 A1.
  • This system turns waste into one Pyrolysis reactor converted into carbonization gas and essentially non-volatile pyrolysis residue.
  • a discharge device for the non-volatile pyrolysis residue is connected to the pyrolysis reactor and has a carbonization gas outlet connection for discharging carbonization gas.
  • the carbonization gas and prepared, for example ground pyrolysis residue enter a combustion chamber.
  • a combustion takes place there, producing molten slag.
  • Flue gas is also generated, which is discharged from the combustion chamber via a flue gas line.
  • the molten slag is also discharged from the combustion chamber. After cooling, it is then in a glazed form.
  • the combustion chamber of this system like other known combustion chambers, is lined with firebricks or ramming paste. As with other combustion chambers, an expensive lining is provided so that the operating interval between two necessary maintenance of the combustion chamber is as large as possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a combustion chamber that is inexpensive to build and yet only rarely requires maintenance.
  • the inner lining of the combustion chamber should be inexpensive to manufacture and ensure a long, undisturbed operating time.
  • the combustion chamber is at least in three parts, a primary chamber, a secondary chamber and an ash discharge space being arranged one behind the other in that the burner is assigned to the primary chamber, a first air flow (primary air) into the primary chamber via the burner arrives that the primary chamber has an inlet for a second air stream (secondary air) for the substoichiometric combustion of the material at a temperature below the ash softening point and has no slag flow, the walls of the primary chamber not being coated with a material resistant to liquid slag, and the secondary chamber having an inlet for a third air stream (tertiary air) for short-term, intensive, complete combustion of the discharge from the primary chamber with slag flow, the walls of the secondary chamber being coated with a material resistant to liquid slag.
  • a first air flow into the primary chamber via the burner arrives that the primary chamber has an inlet for a second air stream (secondary air) for the substoichiometric combustion of the material at a temperature below the ash softening point
  • the ash discharge area has, for example, a floor in which there is an ash outlet hole.
  • the ash discharge space has, for example, a flue gas discharge opening.
  • the primary chamber is designed for substoichiometric combustion. That the combustion always remains substoichiometric, there must always be an air deficit in the primary chamber. Inlets for two separate air flows, the primary air and the secondary air, in the primary chamber can always provide the required air flow at any point in the primary chamber without too much air being present in part of the primary chamber, for example in the upper region. Due to the substoichiometric combustion, the temperature in the primary chamber does not exceed the ash softening point.
  • the ash softening point of a certain ash is a temperature at which, by definition, a certain deformation and adhesiveness occurs. Since the ash softening point in the primary chamber is not exceeded, no liquid ash or slag can get to the inner lining of the primary chamber. It is therefore not necessary to line the primary chamber with expensive refractory refractory bricks or with suitable ramming paste.
  • the secondary chamber adjoining the primary chamber has an inlet for tertiary air.
  • This tertiary air creates an excess of air in the secondary chamber set, which ensures short-term, intensive and complete combustion.
  • the temperature exceeds the ash flow point and a slag flow occurs on the inner surface of the secondary chamber.
  • the ash flow point of a particular ash is a temperature at which the toughness is so low that the ash flows.
  • the secondary chamber is therefore coated with heat-resistant and liquid slag-resistant material according to the invention. This material is more expensive than the material used to coat the primary chamber.
  • the system according to the invention only requires the expensive material to coat a part of the combustion chamber, namely the secondary chamber. You can get by with less expensive material.
  • the ash discharge chamber is connected to the secondary chamber. There is an ash outlet hole in the bottom. Only the floor of the ash discharge area that comes into contact with liquid ash or slag is coated with material that is resistant to liquid slag.
  • the ash discharge chamber has a flue gas discharge opening, to which a flue gas duct leading to a chimney can be connected.
  • combustion chamber according to the invention When the combustion chamber according to the invention is used in a plant for thermal waste disposal, a so-called smoldering plant, pyrolysis residue processed in the combustion chamber is burned together with smoldering gas. This leaves flue gas and liquid ash or slag, which can be further processed to melt granulate in a water bath.
  • the advantage is achieved that a large part of the combustion chamber, the primary chamber, manages without an expensive lining. Only a small part of the combustion chamber, the secondary chamber requires a lining that is resistant to liquid slag.
  • the combustion chamber according to the invention can be carried out inexpensively and ensures a long, undisturbed operating time.
  • the walls of the secondary chamber are cooled.
  • an expensive coating of the interior of the secondary chamber to protect against liquid ash and slag can also be dispensed with.
  • With an inexpensive coating a long, undisturbed operating time is guaranteed.
  • a coating can be chosen which is less expensive than a coating which would be necessary in an uncooled chamber in which liquid ash or slag flows.
  • the inlet for the second air stream is, for example, in the burner.
  • the inlet for the secondary air is located on the upper section of the primary chamber to the side next to the connection for the burner.
  • Another example provides that several inlets for secondary air are arranged on the primary chamber distributed over its entire length. In particular, this has the advantage that the air concentration must be set everywhere in the entire primary chamber, which ensures substoichiometric combustion at a temperature below the ash softening point.
  • the air supply to the primary chamber should be selected so that on the one hand the temperature of the ash softening point is not exceeded and on the other hand the substoichiometric combustion in the entire primary chamber must always be maintained. This is ensured by the fact that in addition to the primary air, secondary air, particularly at the specially selected points, can get into the primary chamber.
  • the air flow can be optimally adjusted at every point in the primary chamber.
  • one or more inlets for the secondary air in the primary chamber are oriented obliquely, that is to say with a tangential component, to the wall of the primary chamber. This creates a vortex in the medium in the primary chamber, which continues from the primary chamber into the secondary chamber.
  • This supply of secondary air mixes the medium in the primary chamber.
  • the weak swirl that arises at the entrance of the secondary chamber favors the formation of a swirl in the secondary chamber.
  • inlets for the secondary air in the primary chamber are arranged one below the other in parallel planes.
  • two or more inlets for the tertiary air can also be arranged in the secondary chamber in parallel planes.
  • the inlets for air can open into indentations which are arranged in the inner wall of the primary chamber and / or the secondary chamber. This protects the outlets from the material in the combustion chamber.
  • a roof-shaped projection which is arranged, for example, above an inlet on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, can also serve to protect an opening.
  • the primary chamber is divided into partial combustion chambers connected in series.
  • Inlets for the second air flow are, for example, in each partial combustion chamber, in its upper section, that is, in the direction of flow at the entrance of the partial combustion chamber.
  • the inlet for tertiary air into the secondary chamber is inclined, that is, aligned with a tangential component to the wall of the secondary chamber.
  • This will directly in the Secondary chamber creates a swirl that pushes the heavy parts of the medium in the secondary chamber towards the wall.
  • liquid ash is deposited on the wall and flows along the wall to the outlet opening of the secondary chamber. From there, the liquid ash arrives in the ash discharge area.
  • the effect of the swirl generated in the secondary chamber is significantly improved if a swirl has already been generated in the primary chamber.
  • the secondary chamber can also be divided into partial combustion chambers connected in series. Correspondingly there are inlets for the third air flow, for example in each partial combustion chamber of the secondary chamber in its upper section, that is to say in the flow direction at the entrance of the partial combustion chamber.
  • the walls of the secondary chamber are covered with stones, for example, from the inside. These stones are made of a material that is resistant and is not attacked by slag and ash. According to a further example, the walls of the secondary chamber are coated from the inside with a ramming compound that has the appropriate properties. Since only the secondary chamber is to be equipped with high-quality stones or ramming compounds, this results in a cost advantage compared to a combustion chamber, which must be lined entirely with high-quality stones or ramming compounds.
  • the walls In order to make the walls of the secondary chamber even cheaper, these walls are cooled. To do this, the walls contain the secondary Chamber, for example, cooling channels that hold a coolant, especially water or air. This constant cooling of the secondary chamber walls from the outside prevents excessive overheating of the inner surfaces of the walls wetted with the liquid ash or slag. As a result, inexpensive liners can be used even in the secondary chamber, as in the primary chamber. As a result of the cooling, a thin, firm layer of slag forms on the surface of the lining, on which a liquid slag film forms on the inside. The solid slag layer protects the lining material underneath from being attacked by the liquid slag. So you do not need an expensive material resistant to slag flow for the lining of the secondary chamber.
  • the secondary Chamber for example, cooling channels that hold a coolant, especially water or air.
  • Airborne dust for example, can be fed to the primary chamber or the secondary chamber or the ash discharge chamber.
  • the supply can take place via special supply openings, but also through the burner or together with secondary air or tertiary air. If the dust can be easily incorporated into a slag bath due to its properties, then it is particularly advantageous to feed the dust directly to the ash discharge area. In this way, the flying dust is incorporated into the slag.
  • the ash discharge space is, for example, wider than the exit of the secondary chamber.
  • the slag or liquid ash carried out of the secondary chamber does not reach the side walls of the ash discharge space. Therefore, only the floor of the ash discharge area must be covered with material that is resistant to liquid slag.
  • This can be expensive stones or ramming masses, or also inexpensive stones or ramming masses, if a cooling device is available in the floor of the ash discharge chamber.
  • the cooling device can be constructed such that the bottom of the ash discharge space cooling channels contains, for receiving a coolant, especially water or air.
  • the floor of the ash discharge area runs e.g. horizontal, which, when cooled, can form a layer of slag around the ash outlet hole that protects the floor from erosion.
  • the exit of the secondary chamber is surrounded, for example, in the secondary chamber by a ring which has a drainage point on a side facing away from the flue gas discharge opening.
  • a ring which has a drainage point on a side facing away from the flue gas discharge opening.
  • the height of this ring at a point facing away from the flue gas discharge nozzle of the ash discharge space is smaller than usual. This results in a channel that runs around the exit of the secondary chamber. When the combustion chamber is operating, this channel fills with liquid ash or slag. Where the ring is the lowest in relation to a horizontal plane, the slag and the channel are filled in a jet from the secondary chamber into the ash discharge area.
  • the ring Since the lowest point of the ring is located at a point facing away from the flue gas discharge nozzle of the ash discharge area, the entire liquid slag flows into the ash discharge area with only one jet.
  • the ring therefore has the advantage that there is only one ash jet from the secondary chamber into the ash discharge space, which is not crossed by the flue gas flowing out. The ash flow is therefore not disturbed by the flue gas flow. If both liquid ash and flue gas flow out of the wide exit of the secondary chamber in an uncontrolled manner, flue gas and slag could be mixed in the ash discharge chamber. Instead of getting to the ash outlet hole, small pieces of slag would be carried away with the flue gas. This is prevented by the ring in the secondary chamber.
  • An ash trap for example, is arranged in the flue gas discharge nozzle of the ash discharge space. This has the advantage that fewer ash particles get into the flue gas duct. Such particles would contaminate existing heat exchanger heating surfaces in the flue gas line.
  • a heating burner is arranged in the ash discharge area. It is used if the liquid slag or ash coming from the secondary chamber should have poor flow properties. Then the slag in the ash discharge space is heated again so that it reaches the ash outlet hole and exits there. If the slag or ash flows sufficiently, the heating burner remains switched off.
  • the heating burner is fed with an external fuel. However, it can also be fed with carbonization gas that originates from a pyrolysis reactor. This saves external fuel.
  • the combustion chamber according to the invention has the particular advantage that long operating intervals can be carried out without maintenance or repair work on the combustion chamber if the combustion chamber is inexpensive.
  • a swirl is generated in the material to be treated, but especially in the residue of the substoichiometric combustion, as a result of which the liquid ash which is formed is carried outside and against a container wall, e.g. the combustion chamber wall. This improves the separation of flue gas and liquid ash.
  • the material to be treated or the residue of the substoichiometric combustion is admixed, for example, with airborne dust which can originate from the device of the invention and which is thus returned. Dust can also fly be mixed with the still flowing ash or slag. The flight dust is thus advantageously wholly or partly incorporated into later solid slag granules.
  • the liquid ash after it has been formed, is heated again to prevent premature solidification.
  • the slag then flows better out of the ash discharge chamber of the combustion chamber.
  • the resulting flue gas can be cooled in a heat exchanger in the burner or in separate feed points e.g. are fed into the combustion chamber together with the combustion air. This means that the required temperature can be set at every point in the combustion chamber.
  • the advantage is achieved that the material to be treated, which is in particular pyrolysis residue and carbonization gas from a carbonization process, in a cost-effective combustion chamber that requires little maintenance and repair, reliably in liquid ash and Flue gas is to be dismantled.
  • a primary chamber 3, a secondary chamber 4 and an ash discharge chamber 5 are arranged one behind the other.
  • the burner 2 is assigned to the primary chamber 3.
  • the primary chamber 3 consists of three partial combustion chambers 3a, 3b and 3c arranged one behind the other.
  • the primary chamber 3 can also be in one piece.
  • an at least partially combustible material which can be pyrolysis residues PR and smoldering gas SG from a smoldering-firing plant, reaches the primary chamber 3.
  • a first air flow EL also reaches the primary chamber 3 via the burner 2
  • Primary chamber 3 has inlets 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d distributed over its length for a second air flow ZL called secondary air.
  • Each partial combustion chamber 3a, 3b and 3c is assigned at least one inlet 6a, 6b and 6c.
  • At least one further inlet 6d can be located in the burner 2.
  • a tangential arrangement of at least some of the inlets 6a to d generates vortices in the medium flowing in the primary chamber 3, one of which result in thorough mixing of the medium.
  • a weak swirl is also generated in the primary chamber 3 and propagates into the secondary chamber 4.
  • the air supply to the primary chamber 3 is dimensioned such that only substoichiometric combustion takes place there.
  • the temperature remains below the ash softening point, so that liquid ash A or slag does not arise.
  • the primary chamber 3 is connected directly to the secondary chamber 4 via an outlet 8, which can be designed without or with retraction.
  • an inlet 9 for a third air flow DL called tertiary air is arranged in the area of the secondary chamber 4 facing the primary chamber 3.
  • This air flow DL is dimensioned so that in the secondary chamber 4 there is a complete combustion of the residue R fed from the primary chamber 3. This combustion takes place at a temperature above the ash softening point, so that liquid ash A or slag is formed.
  • the inlets 9 for the third air flow DL are also obliquely aligned with the wall of the combustion chamber 1 for the second airflow ZL, that is to say with a tangential component. This creates a swirl in the residue R, which is located in the secondary chamber 4, through which liquid ash A or slag is deposited on the inner surface of the secondary chamber 4. The liquid ash A flows down there.
  • the inner walls of the secondary chamber 4 are provided with a layer 10 made of stones or ramming paste. So that less expensive material is sufficient for the layer 10 of the secondary chamber 4, there are cooling channels 11 in the walls of the secondary chamber 4 through which a coolant, in particular water or air, flows.
  • the ash discharge space 5 connects to the secondary chamber 4 via a narrow exit 12.
  • the liquid ash A or slag passes through an annular groove 13 which surrounds the outlet 12 and is separated from it by an annular bead 14.
  • the bead 14 has a minimal height at a certain point compared to a fictitious horizontal plane. A drain point 14a is thereby formed.
  • Liquid ash A which flows down the walls of the secondary chamber 4, first collects in the groove 13 and then passes over the bead 14 at its lowest point, namely at the drain point 14a. By collecting the liquid ash A before it is discharged into the ash discharge space 5, a uniform, continuous ash jet is provided. Because the outlet 12 is narrow, flue gas RG reaches the ash discharge chamber 5 at high speed. The initially directed downward flue gas stream is deflected on a floor 15 of the ash discharge chamber 5. The floor 15 acts like a baffle. Ash particles are separated from the flue gas RG.
  • the ash discharge space 5 has a flue gas discharge opening 16 through which the flue gas RG is discharged. If necessary, an ash trap 17 is located in front of the flue gas discharge opening 16, which retains further ash particles. To remove the liquid ash A or slag, there is an ash outlet hole 18 in the ash discharge space 5. This ash outlet hole 18 is swept by hot flue gas RG and is thus heated so that ash A or slag cannot solidify in the ash outlet hole 18. The ash outlet hole 18 can therefore not clog.
  • the ash discharge space 5 is wider than the outlet 12 of the secondary chamber 4. Therefore, liquid ash A or slag cannot reach the side walls of the ash discharge space 5, which therefore need not be made of a highly resistant material.
  • the floor 15 of the ash discharge space 5 is provided with a layer 19 of ramming mass or stones, similar to the walls of the secondary chamber 4, and often contains cooling channels 20.
  • Cooling ducts can also be present in the side walls. Due to the cooling, a solid slag layer is formed on the floor 15 of the ash discharge space 5 during the operation of the combustion chamber 1, which layer protects the floor 15 from erosion. On this solid slag layer, which serves as a heat insulation layer, the liquid ash A flows to the ash outlet hole 18 and from there reaches a water container 21, where it granulates. The lowest point of the annular bead 14 around the outlet 12, the outlet point 14a of the secondary chamber 4 is at a position which is the greatest distance from the flue gas discharge opening 16.
  • the combustion chamber in FIG. 2 differs from the combustion chamber 1 in FIG. 1 only in that, in addition to the primary chamber 3, the secondary chamber 4 is also divided into partial combustion chambers 4a, 4b, 4c. Each partial combustion chamber 4a, 4b and 4c is assigned at least one inlet 9a, 9b and 9c. This results in a good mixing of the medium in the secondary chamber 4.
  • the weak swirl already generated in the primary chamber 3 is also supported in the secondary chamber 4.
  • the air supply and thus the combustion can be controlled well.
  • the air inlets 6b, 6c in the primary chamber 3 can, for example, be designed such that the inner wall of the primary chamber 3, as shown in FIG. 3, has indentations 23, the Inlets 6b, 6c open into these indentations 23.
  • the inlets 6b, 6c are in a protected position.
  • Corresponding indentations for receiving the inlets 9b, 9c can also have the inner wall of the secondary chamber 4.
  • a roof-shaped projection 24 can be arranged on the inner wall of the primary chamber 3 above an inlet 6b, 6c for the protection thereof.
  • a corresponding roof-shaped projection can also be arranged above an inlet 9b, 9c on the inner wall of the secondary chamber 4.
  • fuels in particular pyrolysis residues PR and smoldering gas SG, which originate from a smoldering drum, can be completely burned and converted into flue gas RG and liquid ash A or slag, without the need for complex and expensive coatings on the combustion chamber 1 and without frequent maintenance and repairs to the combustion chamber 1 are necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (28)

  1. Chambre de combustion (1),
    a) équipée d'un brûleur (2),
    b) qui comporte une entrée pour un produit, qui comprend un résidu de pyrolyse (RP) et un gaz de distillation (GC) issus d'un réacteur de pyrolyse, qui transforme les déchets en gaz de distillation (GC) et en résidu de pyrolyse (RP) essentiellement non volatil, un dispositif de déchargement du résidu de pyrolyse (RP) non volatil étant notamment raccordé au réacteur de pyrolyse et comportant un embout de sortie de gaz de distillation pour l'évacuation du gaz de distillation (GC), et le gaz de distillation (GC) et le résidu de pyrolyse (RP) traité étant envoyés à l'entrée de produit,
    c) qui est au moins constituée de trois parties, dans une chambre primaire (3), une chambre secondaire (4) et une zone (5) de déchargement des cendres étant disposées les unes derrière les autres, et
    d) dont le brûleur (2) est associé à la chambre primaire (3), un premier courant d'air (air primaire) (EL) arrivant dans la chambre primaire (3) par le brûleur (2),
    e) dont la chambre primaire (3) comporte une entrée (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d) pour un deuxiéme courant d'air (air secondaire) (ZL) destiné à la combustion hypo-stoechiométrique du produit à une température inférieure au point de ramollissement des cendres et sans flux de scorie, les parois de la chambre primaire (3) n'étant pas revêtues d'un matériau résistant aux scories volatiles, et
    f) dont la chambre secondaire (4) comporte une entrée (9) pour un troisième courant d'air (air tertiaire) (DL) destiné à la combustion rapide, intense et complète, du produit issu de la chambre primaire (3) ayant un flux de scorie, les parois de la chambre secondaire (4) étant revêtues d'un matériau résistant aux scories volatiles.
  2. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres a un fond (5) dans lequel se trouve un orifice (18) d'évacuation des cendres.
  3. Chambre de combustion selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la zone de déchargement des cendres (5) comporte un orifice (16) de sortie de la fumée.
  4. Chambre de combustion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les parois de la chambre secondaire (4) sont refroidies.
  5. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'entrée (6d) du deuxième courant d'air (air secondaire) (ZL) se trouve dans le brûleur (2).
  6. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'entrée (6a) du deuxième courant d'air (air secondaire) (ZL) se trouve à la partie supérieure de la chambre primaire (3), à côté du brûleur.
  7. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que plusieurs entrées (6a à 6d) du deuxième courant d'air (air secondaire) (ZL) sont réparties sur la hauteur de la chambre primaire (3).
  8. Chambre de combustion (1), selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'une entrée (6a) ou plusieurs entrées (6a à 6d) du deuxième courant d'air (ZL) sont disposées dans la chambre primaire (3), en étant en oblique par rapport à la paroi de la chambre primaire (3).
  9. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que plusieurs entrées (6a à 6d) du deuxième courant d'air (ZL) dans la chambre primaire (3) et/ou plusieurs entrées (9, 9a à 9c) du troisième courant d'air (TC) dans la chambre secondaire (4), sont disposées les unes en dessous des autres dans des plans parallèles.
  10. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que l'entrée (6b, 6c, 6, 9) débouche dans un renforcement (23) de la paroi de la chambre primaire (3) et/ou de la chambre secondaire (4).
  11. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'une saillie (24) en forme de toit est prévue au-dessus des entrées (6b, 6c, 6, 9) à l'intérieur de la chambre (3,4).
  12. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la chambre primaire (3) est subdivisée en chambres partielles de combustion (3a, 3b, 3c) en série.
  13. Chambre de combustion (1) selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que les entrées (6a à 6c) du deuxième courant d'air (air secondaire) (ZL) se trouvent à la partie supérieure de chaque chambre partielle de combustion (3a, 3b, 3c).
  14. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce qu'une entrée (9) ou plusieurs entrées (9a à 9c) du troisième courant d'air (air tertiaire) (DL) est ou sont disposée(s) en oblique par rapport à la paroi de la chambre secondaire (4).
  15. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que la chambre secondaire (4) est subdivisée en chambres partielles de combustion (4a, 4b, 4c) en série.
  16. Chambre de combustion (1) selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que les entrées (9a à 9c) du troisième courant d'air (air tertiaire) (DL) se trouvent à la partie supérieure de chaque chambre partielle de combustion (4a, 4b, 4c).
  17. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée en ce que les parois intérieures de la chambre secondaire (4) sont garnies de pierres.
  18. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisée en ce que les parois intérieures de la chambre secondaire (4) sont revêtues d'une couche (10) d'un revêtement damé.
  19. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisée en ce que les parois de la chambre secondaire (4) comprennent des canaux de refroidissement (11) de réception d'un fluide de refroidissement, notamment d'eau ou d'air.
  20. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications à 19, caractérisée en ce que des cendres volantes (FS) peuvent être amenées à la chambre primaire (3) ou à la chambre secondaire (4) ou à la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres.
  21. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisée en ce que la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres est plus large que la sortie (12) de la chambre secondaire (4), et que seulement le fond (15), et non les parois latérales de la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres, est revêtu et/ou réfroidi.
  22. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisée en ce que le fond (15) de la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres est revêtu d'une couche (19) de pierres ou d'un revêtement damé.
  23. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisée en ce que le fond (15) de la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres comprend des canaux de refroidissement (20) de réception d'un fluide de refroidissement, notamment d'eau ou d'air.
  24. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 23, caractérisée en ce que la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres a un fond (15).
  25. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 2 à 24, caractérisée en ce que la sortie (12) de la chambre secondaire (4) est entourée d'un renflement annulaire (14) qui comporte une zone d'évacuation (14a) du côté éloigné de l'orifice d'évacuation des fumées (16).
  26. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 2 à 25, caractérisée en ce qu'une grille (17) de retenue des cendres est disposée dans l'embout (16) d'évacuation des vapeurs de la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres.
  27. Chambre de combustion (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 26, caractérisée en ce qu'un brûleur de chauffage (22) est prévu dans la zone (5) de déchargement des cendres.
  28. Chambre de combustion (1) selon la revendication 27, caractérisée en ce que le brûleur de chauffage (22) est alimenté par du gaz de distillation (SG).
EP90113091A 1989-07-19 1990-07-09 Chambre de combustion des matières au moins partiellement combustibles Expired - Lifetime EP0409037B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89113285 1989-07-19
EP89113285 1989-07-19

Publications (2)

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EP0409037A1 EP0409037A1 (fr) 1991-01-23
EP0409037B1 true EP0409037B1 (fr) 1994-09-21

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EP90113091A Expired - Lifetime EP0409037B1 (fr) 1989-07-19 1990-07-09 Chambre de combustion des matières au moins partiellement combustibles

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US (1) US5050512A (fr)
EP (1) EP0409037B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0814363B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE112032T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2021344A1 (fr)
DD (1) DD296744A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59007204D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0409037T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2059906T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO172007C (fr)
PT (1) PT94746A (fr)

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DE4409951A1 (de) 1994-03-23 1995-09-28 Abfallwirtschaftsges Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialien
DE69718020T2 (de) 1996-09-04 2003-11-06 Ebara Corp., Tokio/Tokyo Schmelzdrehrohrofen und verfahren zum vergasen von abfällen in demselben
JP4561779B2 (ja) * 1996-09-04 2010-10-13 宇部興産株式会社 旋回溶融炉及び旋回溶融炉を用いた廃棄物のガス化方法
JPH10103634A (ja) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-21 Kobe Steel Ltd 廃棄物処理設備における溶融炉の運転方法及び装置
IT1304328B1 (it) * 1997-04-22 2001-03-15 Danieli Off Mecc Procedimento di trattamento fumi e relativo dispositivo
KR100423686B1 (ko) * 1998-01-30 2004-03-18 가부시키가이샤 히타치세이사쿠쇼 고체 물질 용융 장치
DE19806823C2 (de) * 1998-02-18 1999-12-09 Loesche Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verbrennung vanadiumhaltiger Brennstoffe
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WO2012127562A1 (fr) * 2011-03-18 2012-09-27 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 Dispositif de combustion
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59007204D1 (de) 1994-10-27
ES2059906T3 (es) 1994-11-16
NO172007C (no) 1993-05-26
PT94746A (pt) 1992-02-28
DK0409037T3 (da) 1995-02-20
NO903201L (no) 1991-01-21
DD296744A5 (de) 1991-12-12
JPH0363407A (ja) 1991-03-19
CA2021344A1 (fr) 1991-01-20
JPH0814363B2 (ja) 1996-02-14
US5050512A (en) 1991-09-24
NO903201D0 (no) 1990-07-17
NO172007B (no) 1993-02-15
ATE112032T1 (de) 1994-10-15
EP0409037A1 (fr) 1991-01-23

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