EP1477734B1 - Appareil de chauffage - Google Patents

Appareil de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1477734B1
EP1477734B1 EP20040450070 EP04450070A EP1477734B1 EP 1477734 B1 EP1477734 B1 EP 1477734B1 EP 20040450070 EP20040450070 EP 20040450070 EP 04450070 A EP04450070 A EP 04450070A EP 1477734 B1 EP1477734 B1 EP 1477734B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
burn
heating device
secondary air
flue
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20040450070
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1477734A3 (fr
EP1477734A2 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Dr. Weissinger
Josef Theiler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH
Original Assignee
KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH filed Critical KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH
Publication of EP1477734A2 publication Critical patent/EP1477734A2/fr
Publication of EP1477734A3 publication Critical patent/EP1477734A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1477734B1 publication Critical patent/EP1477734B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F23B10/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers including separate secondary combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
    • F23G5/26—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber having rotating bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the burn-out space is usually formed by a multiplicity of pulls, which generally run essentially parallel to one another and have a generally relatively small cross section, through which fuel gases flow and are introduced into the secondary air.
  • a heating device wherein parallel to a vertical combustion chamber, a Ausbrennhunt provided, wherein the combustion chamber via a horizontal train through which fuel gases flow is in communication with the Ausbrennhunt.
  • a heating device in which a combustion chamber aligned in parallel with a vertical combustion chamber is provided.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to propose a heating device of the type mentioned, in which the possibly entrained ashes can be discharged quickly and easily.
  • the proposed measures ensure that the fuel channel is forced into a helical motion by the introduction of secondary air or a mixture of secondary air with fuel gases in the Ausbrennraum in the tangential direction.
  • the ash parts are urged against the wall of Ausbrennraumes due to their relative to the fuel gases of higher specific mass and are slowed down at this due to the friction and the lower velocity of the voltage applied to the wall layers of the fuel gases.
  • the ash can be discharged very easily, for example with a discharge screw.
  • the heater has a combustion chamber 20, as shown in Fig. 3 can be seen, is closed at the top with a cover 4 made of a refractory material, which in turn is covered by a protective cover 21.
  • the walls 23 of the combustion chamber 20 are provided with a lining 22 made of refractory material, wherein the wall 23 is formed as a double jacket, which is traversed by water, via connections 24, 25th can be discharged, wherein the supply via the top, not shown, arranged region of the double jacket connections.
  • the Double coat provided in a conventional manner with beads to secure the distance between the two walls of the double jacket and to increase its mechanical strength.
  • a closable service opening 14 is provided.
  • a rotary grate 3 is arranged, which is closer to the basis of Fig. 4 and 5 will be explained.
  • This rotary grate 3 is driven by a geared motor, not shown.
  • a primary air duct 1 ( Fig. 3 ) to which a blower 26 is connected. Furthermore, a drivable ash discharge screw 16 is provided, which projects into a space below the rotary grate 3 and is stirred in a nozzle 48.
  • a fuel feed screw protrudes, which is guided in an opening 27 of the combustion chamber 20 passing through, not shown pipe and extending above the rotary grate 3. offset in the direction of rotation of the rotary grate 3 by an angular amount relative to this fuel feed screw a Ableymschnecke (not shown) is provided, which guided in a bearing, not shown, the wall 23 passes through together with lining.
  • This clearance screw runs in accordance with the generatrices of the substantially conical rotary grate 3 and serves to clear the burnt-out fuel in order to transport it into the area of the ash discharge screw 16.
  • a Ausbrennraum 10 is provided, which is arranged parallel to the combustion chamber 20 and is connected thereto via a train 8, which tapers against the Ausbrennraum 10 and is surrounded by a double jacket 7, which serves for feeding of secondary air, wherein at the the Ausbrennraum 10 facing end face air nozzles 6 are provided which in the Fig. 3 only partially shown.
  • the Ausbrennraum 10 has a substantially circular cross section, wherein the axis of the train 8 extends substantially in the tangential direction to the cross section of the Ausbrennraumes 10.
  • This Ausbrennraum 10 is provided with a closable service opening 14 '. In addition to this service opening 14 'arranged in a socket 60 viewing opening is arranged.
  • an ash compartment 28 is provided, which is bounded by a substantially at the mouth of the train 8 in the Ausbrennraum 10 attached separating plate 9, which extends obliquely downwards.
  • This separating plate 9 is double-walled ( Fig. 3 ) and serves to supply secondary air to the double jacket 7 of the train. 8
  • This secondary air is the separating plate 9 via a secondary air channel 29 ( Fig. 3 ) supplied from a blower 30.
  • the interior of the double-walled separating plate 9, which also extends under the underside of the train 8, is connected via an opening 31 to the interior of the double jacket 7 of the train 8.
  • the secondary air flows through the interior of the double-walled separating plate 9 and the interior of the double jacket 7 of the train 8, whereby the secondary air is heated by the fuel gases flowing through the train 8 before it flows via the nozzles 6 in the Ausbrennraum 10.
  • the Ausbrennraum 10 whose wall is also provided with a lining 4 made of a refractory material, extends through the protective cover 21 therethrough upwards.
  • a heat exchanger assembly 12 of any type and a water-cooled cover 13 is provided in this upper region 11 of the Ausbrennhunt 10 and a heat exchanger assembly 12 of any type and a water-cooled cover 13 is provided.
  • the burnout chamber 10, 11 is connected via a deduction, not shown, with a chimney (not shown).
  • the rotary grate 3 eight partitions 37 which extend radially from a sleeve 36 'away to the outside and the tops are made trepanned.
  • the sleeve 36 ' is rotatably connected to a shaft 36 which is driven by a geared motor, not shown.
  • the radially outer end faces of the partition walls 37 are connected to each other via an annular wall 43.
  • the sectors 34, which are each defined by the two dividing walls 37, are therefore practically closed and, as a result, virtually no air can flow over from one sector 34 into the adjacent sector 34.
  • the partitions 37 are further connected to an Aschering 39, which is provided with annular openings 42, between which only relatively narrow webs remain.
  • Aschering 39 which is provided with annular openings 42, between which only relatively narrow webs remain.
  • rust rings 46 are attached.
  • the up to smaller diameter having rust rings 46 are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, so that between the individual rust rings 46 column 47 remain. Through this column, primary air can flow into the combustion chamber 20 and thereby flow through the solid fuel lying on the grate rings 46.
  • the grid rings are usually provided with slots, not shown, to avoid distortions due to thermal stresses.
  • the Aschering 39 which is fixedly connected to the annular wall 43 and the sleeve 36 ', rotates a short distance above a fixed primary air chamber 40, which is closed at the top by a diaphragm 33 which is provided with arranged in a circular arc openings 44.
  • the apertures 44 of the aperture 33 are arranged on a circular arc, which is connected to the circular arc on which the openings 42nd the Ascheringes 39 are arranged, covers substantially.
  • the cross sections of the apertures 44 of the aperture 33 are steadily decreasing ( Fig. 4 ) from the area of the fuel feed screw (not shown) away against the Abhoffmschnecke (not shown), wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the openings extend over an angle of about 240 °. In this case, a portion of the aperture 33 is kept free of openings 44.
  • solid fuel e.g. Pellets with the fuel supply screw, which projects through the opening 27 into the combustion chamber 20, introduced and applied to the rotary grate 3. Due to the temperatures prevailing in the combustion chamber 20, the fuel gas is exhausted and the gases ignite. In the vicinity of the fuel supply screw area, the openings 44 of the aperture 33 are located with the largest cross sections. As a result, a lot of primary air is supplied in this area.
  • the sector 34 of the rotary grate 3 on which the fuel material has been applied reaches into regions of the perforations 44 of the diaphragm 33 with smaller cross sections, whereby less and less air is supplied to the slowly burning fuel material, as a result of which the fuel material In the course of its progressive combustion, it is always supplied essentially optimally with air, since in the course of progressive combustion the demand for air is reduced.
  • the flames and fuel gases flow through the train 8 through into the Ausbrennraum 10, wherein the fuel gases flow due to the orientation of the train 8 substantially tangentially into the Ausbrennraum 10.
  • the ash particles contained in the combustion gases are specifically heavier than the gases and are therefore forced to the wall of the Ausbrennraumes 10 due to the swirl of the flow. Since the gases move due to the friction in a voltage applied to the wall boundary layer much slower than towards the middle of the gas stream, coming on the wall of the Ausbrennraumes 10 ash parts falling down into the ash chamber 28 and are out of this with a discharge screw 50 ( Fig. 3 ).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Installation de chauffage avec un espace de combustion (20) dans lequel débouche une alimentation en combustible et qui est relié par un conduit (8) sensiblement horizontal avec un espace de postcombustion (10) dans lequel débouche au moins une entrée (6) pour de l'air secondaire et/ou pour un mélange d'air secondaire et de gaz de combustion, l'espace de postcombustion (10) étant orienté verticalement et présentant une section sensiblement circulaire, l'entrée (6) débouchant de façon tangente dans l'espace de postcombustion (10), caractérisée en ce que le conduit (8) est conçu avec une double enveloppe (7) dont l'intérieur peut être alimenté en air secondaire, des buscs (6) étant disposées sur la face d'extrémité tournée vers l'espace de postcombustion (10).
  2. Installation de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'entrée (6) est disposée dans la partie inférieure de l'espace de postcombustion (10).
  3. Installation de chauffage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'arrivée d'air secondaire vers l'intérieur de la double enveloppe (7) du conduit (8) passe par une tôle de séparation (9) à double paroi, qui sépare l'espace de combustion (20) de l'espace de postcombustion (10) en dessous du conduit (8).
  4. Installation de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la tôle de séparation (9) à double paroi est disposée en oblique vers le bas et délimite un espace à cendres (28) au niveau de l'espace de postcombustion (10).
  5. Installation de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le conduit (8) débouche de façon tangente dans l'espace de postcombustion (10).
  6. Installation de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le conduit (8) présente une section qui se resserre en direction de l'espace de postcombustion.
EP20040450070 2003-05-14 2004-03-29 Appareil de chauffage Expired - Lifetime EP1477734B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT7392003A AT412308B (de) 2003-05-14 2003-05-14 Heizeinrichtung
AT2003739 2003-05-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1477734A2 EP1477734A2 (fr) 2004-11-17
EP1477734A3 EP1477734A3 (fr) 2007-05-30
EP1477734B1 true EP1477734B1 (fr) 2013-11-13

Family

ID=32234888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040450070 Expired - Lifetime EP1477734B1 (fr) 2003-05-14 2004-03-29 Appareil de chauffage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1477734B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT412308B (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVR20060191A1 (it) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-14 Cola S R L Portabraciere, particolarmente per stufe
AT504652B1 (de) * 2007-03-29 2008-07-15 Windhager Zentralheizung Techn Brennkammer für einen mit festbrennstoffen beheizbaren heizkessel
FR2917486B1 (fr) * 2007-06-15 2009-09-25 Ct Internat De Traitement Et D Procede de gazeification de dechets dans un four a sole tournante, et four pour sa mise en oeuvre
CN102128719B (zh) * 2010-12-13 2012-10-24 中国航空动力机械研究所 扇形回流燃烧室及其对开式燃烧室机匣
CN102330970B (zh) * 2011-09-20 2014-11-05 魏广廷 锅炉燃烧器
CN103851626A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2014-06-11 郑敏 一种垃圾燃烧炉

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ210243A (en) * 1984-11-19 1988-01-08 Waterwide Dev New Zealand Ltd Extraction zone for solid fuel burner
AT402098B (de) * 1995-02-16 1997-01-27 Georg Fischer Maschinen Und Ke Heizkessel
DE29605801U1 (de) 1996-03-28 1996-06-27 Georg Fischer GmbH & Co, 89312 Günzburg Heizkessel
DE19817885A1 (de) * 1998-04-22 1999-10-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Anordnung zum Wiederaufbauen des Drehmoments einer aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschine nach einem ASR-Eingriff
EP1085259B1 (fr) 1999-09-15 2004-01-14 LIGNOTECH Entwicklung von Biomassefeuerungsanlagen GmbH Appareil pour la combustion de combustibles biogènes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA7392003A (de) 2004-05-15
AT412308B (de) 2004-12-27
EP1477734A3 (fr) 2007-05-30
EP1477734A2 (fr) 2004-11-17

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