EP1477736B1 - Dispositif de chauffage - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1477736B1
EP1477736B1 EP20040450071 EP04450071A EP1477736B1 EP 1477736 B1 EP1477736 B1 EP 1477736B1 EP 20040450071 EP20040450071 EP 20040450071 EP 04450071 A EP04450071 A EP 04450071A EP 1477736 B1 EP1477736 B1 EP 1477736B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
revolving grate
primary air
combustion chamber
chamber
grate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20040450071
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1477736A1 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Dr. Weissinger
Josef Theiler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH
Original Assignee
KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH filed Critical KWB Kraft und Waerme aus Biomasse GmbH
Publication of EP1477736A1 publication Critical patent/EP1477736A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1477736B1 publication Critical patent/EP1477736B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F23B1/24—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using rotating grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heating device is made US 1,914,873 known.
  • rotary grates are usually used only in smaller heaters, especially if a compact design of the heaters is required due to cramped conditions at their site.
  • traveling grates are advantageously supplied via the path of which different amounts of air are supplied in regions.
  • the problem arises in the traveling grates of a correspondingly large space requirement.
  • a similarly favorable air admission results also in push grates, over which the combustion material is pushed and varies over the length of the air supply.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the aforementioned heating devices and to propose a solution by which a largely optimal combustion is made possible even with a rotary grate.
  • the proposed measures make it possible to steadily reduce the air supply during the rotation of the rotary grate. This is due to the partitions in connection with the diaphragm with the reducing over an arcuate path cross-sections of the openings.
  • This also has the advantage that due to the, compared to the conventional heaters of the type mentioned, the flow rate of the supplied air is lower and therefore less ash is entrained in the region of the already substantially burned fuel from the fuel gases.
  • the discharge device can be designed arbitrarily and be formed for example by a Abhoffmschnecke or by a simple Abstreifblech.
  • the heater has a combustion chamber 20, as shown in Fig. 3 can be seen, is closed at the top with a cover 4 made of a refractory material, which in turn is covered by a protective cover 21.
  • the walls 23 of the combustion chamber 20 are provided with a lining 22 made of refractory material, wherein the wall 23 is formed as a double jacket, which is traversed by water, which can be discharged via terminals 24, 25, wherein the supply via in the top, not shown , Area of double jacket arranged connections takes place.
  • the double jacket is provided in a conventional manner with beads to secure the distance between the two walls of the double jacket and to increase its mechanical strength.
  • a closable service opening 14 is provided.
  • a rotary grate 3 is arranged, which is closer to the basis of Fig. 4 and 5 will be explained.
  • This rotary grate 3 is driven by a geared motor, not shown.
  • a primary air duct 1 ( Fig. 3 ) to which a blower 26 is connected. Furthermore, a drivable ash discharge screw 16 is provided, which projects into a space below the rotary grate 3 and is guided in a socket 48.
  • a fuel feed screw protrudes, which is guided in an opening 27 of the combustion chamber 20 passing through, not shown pipe and extending above the rotary grate 3. offset in the direction of rotation of the rotary grate 3 by an angular amount relative to this fuel Zu colshrschnecke a Abhoffmschnecke (not shown) is provided which guided in a bearing, not shown, the wall 23 passes together with lining.
  • This clearance screw runs according to the generatrices of the substantially conical rotary grate 3 and serves to clear the burned-off fuel in order to transport this in the region of the ash discharge screw 16.
  • a Ausbrennraum 10 is provided, which is arranged parallel to the combustion chamber 20 and is connected thereto via a train 8, which tapers against the Ausbrennraum 10 and is surrounded by a double jacket 7, which serves for feeding of secondary air, wherein at the the Ausbrennraum 10 facing end face air nozzles 6 are provided which in the Fig. 3 only partially shown.
  • the Ausbrennraum 10 has a substantially circular cross section, wherein the axis of the train 8 extends substantially in the tangential direction to the cross section of the Ausbrennraumes 10.
  • This Ausbrennraum 10 is provided with a closable service opening 14 '. In addition to this service opening 14 'arranged in a socket 60 viewing opening is arranged.
  • an ash compartment 28 is provided, which is bounded by a substantially at the mouth of the train 8 in the Ausbrennraum 10 attached separating plate 9, which extends obliquely downwards.
  • This separating plate 9 is double-walled ( Fig. 3 ) and serves to supply secondary air to the double jacket 7 of the train. 8
  • This secondary air is the separating plate 9 via a secondary air channel 29 ( Fig. 3 ) supplied from a blower 30.
  • the interior of the double-walled separating plate 9, which also extends under the underside of the train 8, is connected via an opening 31 to the interior of the double jacket 7 of the train 8.
  • the secondary air flows through the interior of the double-walled separating plate 9 and the interior of the double jacket 7 of the train 8, whereby the secondary air is heated by the combustion gases flowing through the train 8, before it flows via the nozzles 6 in the Ausbrennraum 10.
  • the Ausbrennraum 10 whose wall is also provided with a lining 4 made of a refractory material, extends through the protective cover 21 therethrough upwards.
  • a heat exchanger assembly 12 of any type and a water-cooled cover 13 is provided in this upper region 11 of the Ausbrennhunt 10 and a heat exchanger assembly 12 of any type and a water-cooled cover 13 is provided.
  • the burnout chamber 10, 11 is connected via a deduction, not shown, with a chimney (not shown).
  • the rotary grate 3 eight partitions 37 which extend radially from a sleeve 36 'away to the outside and the tops are made trepanned.
  • the sleeve 36 ' is rotatably connected to a shaft 36 which is driven by a geared motor, not shown.
  • the radially outer end faces of the partition walls 37 are connected to each other via an annular wall 43. The through the two partitions 37th certain sectors 34 are therefore practically closed and therefore practically no air can flow from one sector 34 into the adjacent sector 34.
  • the partitions 37 are further connected to an Aschering 39, which is provided with annular openings 42, between which only relatively narrow webs remain.
  • Aschering 39 which is provided with annular openings 42, between which only relatively narrow webs remain.
  • rust rings 46 are attached.
  • the up to smaller diameter having rust rings 46 are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, so that between the individual rust rings 46 column 47 remain. Through this column, primary air can flow into the combustion chamber 20 and thereby flow through the solid fuel lying on the grate rings 46.
  • the grid rings are usually provided with slots, not shown, to avoid distortions due to thermal stresses.
  • the Aschering 39 which is fixedly connected to the annular wall 43 and the sleeve 36 ', rotates a short distance above a fixed primary air chamber 40, which is closed at the top by a diaphragm 33 which is provided with arranged in a circular arc openings 44.
  • the apertures 44 of the aperture 33 are arranged on a circular arc, which coincides with the circular arc on which the openings 42 of the Ascheringes 39 are arranged substantially.
  • the cross sections of the apertures 44 of the aperture 33 are steadily decreasing ( Fig. 4 ) from the area of the fuel feed screw (not shown) away against the Abhoffmschnecke (not shown), wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the openings extend over an angle of about 240 °. In this case, a portion of the aperture 33 is kept free of openings 44.
  • solid fuel e.g. Pellets with the fuel supply screw, which projects through the opening 27 into the combustion chamber 20, introduced and applied to the rotary grate 3. Due to the temperatures prevailing in the combustion chamber 20, the fuel gas is exhausted and the gases ignite. In the area close to the fuel feed screw, the apertures 44 of the aperture 33 with the largest cross sections are located. As a result, a lot of primary air is supplied in this area.
  • the sector 34 of the rotary grate 3 which is determined by the dividing walls 37, on which the fuel material has been applied, enters areas of the rotary grate 3 Apertures 44 of the aperture 33 with smaller cross-sections, whereby the slow-burning fuel is supplied less and less air, whereby the fuel is always optimally supplied with air in the course of its progressive combustion, since just reduced in the course of progressive combustion of air demand.
  • the flames and fuel gases flow through the train 8 through into the Ausbrennraum 10, wherein the fuel gases flow due to the orientation of the train 8 substantially tangentially into the Ausbrennraum 10.
  • the ash particles contained in the combustion gases are specifically heavier than the gases and are therefore forced to the wall of the Ausbrennraumes 10 due to the swirl of the flow. Since the gases move due to the friction in a voltage applied to the wall boundary layer much slower than towards the middle of the gas stream, falling on the wall of the Ausbrennraumes 10 ash parts fall down into the ash chamber 28 and from this with a discharge screw 50 ( Fig. 3 ).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage avec un espace de combustion (20) dans lequel est disposée une grille tournante (3) et dans lequel débouche une arrivée de combustible et dans lequel est disposé un dispositif d'extraction des cendres, une arrivée d'air primaire (26, 1, 40) étant prévue, laquelle arrivée d'air primaire (26, 1, 40) comprend une chambre à air primaire (40) disposée en dessous de la grille tournante (3), qui est couverte en direction de l'espace de combustion (20) par un volet (33) muni d'un certain nombre d'ouvertures (44) disposées dans le sens de la circonférence et qui s'étendent sur un arc de cercle inférieur à 360°, et qui présentent une section diminuant constamment dans le sens de mouvement de la grille tournante (3), et la grille tournante (3) est munie de cloisons de séparation (37) tournant avec elle, orientées dans le sens radial, étanches et orientées dans le sens d'un axe de rotation (36) de la grille tournante (3), qui définissent des secteurs (34) séparés, lesquels secteurs (34) sont délimités vers l'extérieur dans le sens radial par une paroi annulaire (43) étanche, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu outre l'espace de combustion (20) comprenant la grille tournante (3) un espace de fin de combustion (10) parallèle à l'axe de celui-ci, qui est relié à l'espace de combustion (20) par un carneau (8) sensiblement horizontal disposé dans sa partie inférieure, des buses (6) qui débouchent de façon sensiblement tangente dans l'espace de fin de combustion (10) de section sensiblement circulaire étant prévues au niveau de ce carneau (8) pour amener de l'air secondaire ou un mélange d'air secondaire et de gaz combustible.
  2. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la grille tournante (3) présente entre quatre et dix, de préférence six cloisons de séparation (37) orientées dans le sens radial.
  3. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en cc que le dispositif d'extraction des cendres est disposé au-dessus de la partie du volet (33) qui ne comporte pas d'ouvertures (44).
  4. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi annulaire (43) est reliée de manière sensiblement étanche avec les cloisons de séparation (37) et tourne en même temps que la grille tournante (3).
EP20040450071 2003-05-14 2004-03-29 Dispositif de chauffage Expired - Lifetime EP1477736B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT7402003A AT412307B (de) 2003-05-14 2003-05-14 Heizeinrichtung
AT7402003 2003-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1477736A1 EP1477736A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
EP1477736B1 true EP1477736B1 (fr) 2012-08-08

Family

ID=32234889

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040450071 Expired - Lifetime EP1477736B1 (fr) 2003-05-14 2004-03-29 Dispositif de chauffage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1477736B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT412307B (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1402835B1 (it) * 2010-11-30 2013-09-27 Casana Caldaia per la combustione di biomasse.
CN104315525A (zh) * 2014-09-22 2015-01-28 济南沃福工贸有限公司 一种下送风阶梯式转动炉篦及炉体
CN104913313B (zh) * 2015-06-09 2016-10-12 广东昕旺环保科技发展有限公司 新型热解气化熔融环保炉及其对废弃物进行处理的方法
CN107166398A (zh) * 2017-07-13 2017-09-15 四川挺立机电科技有限公司 一种阵列叠加集成自导向废弃物热裂解成套设备
CN110006044B (zh) * 2019-03-22 2023-09-29 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种圆形结构的垃圾焚烧炉
CN114018023B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-09-20 广西抿元投资控股集团有限公司 一种基于电子信息控制技术的分段式燃烧设备

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1914873A (en) * 1930-09-03 1933-06-20 Kleenburn Stoker Corp Grate
US2059661A (en) * 1934-09-08 1936-11-03 Kleenburn Stoker Corp Rotary grate
FR809625A (fr) * 1936-08-14 1937-03-08 Schmidt Sche Heissdampf Grille pour foyers en forme de cuve
DE862479C (de) * 1942-04-09 1953-01-12 Annemarie Sieglinde Schmidt Feuerung mit ringfoermigem Drehrost
AT403318B (de) * 1989-02-10 1998-01-26 Karl Stefan Riener Ofen mit einem den brennraum teilenden einsatz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1477736A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
AT412307B (de) 2004-12-27
ATA7402003A (de) 2004-05-15

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