EP0401611A1 - Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoff, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung - Google Patents
Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoff, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- EP0401611A1 EP0401611A1 EP90109913A EP90109913A EP0401611A1 EP 0401611 A1 EP0401611 A1 EP 0401611A1 EP 90109913 A EP90109913 A EP 90109913A EP 90109913 A EP90109913 A EP 90109913A EP 0401611 A1 EP0401611 A1 EP 0401611A1
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- weight
- temperature composite
- platinum
- rhodium
- mcraly
- Prior art date
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 rhodium carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010290 vacuum plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/059—Making alloys comprising less than 5% by weight of dispersed reinforcing phases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12576—Boride, carbide or nitride component
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant high-temperature composite material based on an alloy of the type MCrAlY as matrix metal with platinum and / or rhodium as alloying elements in amounts of 5 to 15% by weight, a method for producing this high-temperature Composite material and its use.
- MCrAlY alloys The use of materials with the general designation MCrAlY alloys is known from the field of gas turbine construction, in particular aircraft engines, where M is a metal from the group of iron, cobalt and nickel or combinations of these elements. Materials of this type are described in US-A-3 874 901, US-A-53 928 026, US-A-3 542 530 and US-A-3 754 903.
- MCrAlY alloys with the aim of corrosion resistance to increase has led to alloy types containing precious metals.
- An MCrAlY alloy with 3 to 12% by weight of platinum or rhodium is described in US Pat. No. 3,918,139.
- Platinum-containing NiCrAl-based coating alloys have proven excellent corrosion resistance in many cases in the past.
- hard materials such as oxides and nitrides can be added to the base alloys in accordance with US Pat. Nos. 3,879,831 and 4,124,737. It is also known from US Pat. No. 4,275,124 to increase the wear behavior of MCrAlY alloys by carbides formed in situ or by alloyed carbides.
- the carbides embedded in the MCrAlY matrix react more or less strongly in the matrix due to the physical and chemical properties of this composite system under the operating temperatures that occur.
- the reaction rate increases with increasing temperature zu and carbides of the 6th subgroup (eg Cr3C2) are broken down faster at the same temperature than that of the 4th subgroup (eg TiC, NbC). Since the efficiency of many systems operating at high temperatures can be increased further by increasing the temperature, high-temperature stable, corrosion and wear-resistant materials are required.
- the object of the invention is therefore to improve the high-temperature stability of the composite materials made of MCrAlY matrix and hard materials in order to overcome the disadvantages of the known material combinations. Accordingly, temperature-stable, corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloys should be made available, which can be used at temperatures of 600 to 1100 ° C.
- the additional positive effect of platinum in this context is known to be an improvement in the corrosion behavior through improved oxide adhesion on the surface.
- the platinum content of the MCrAlY matrix can be up to 15% by weight, the carbide content can vary between 0.01 and 75% by weight.
- This invention thus relates to a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant high-temperature composite material based on an alloy of the type MCrAlY as a matrix metal with platinum and / or rhodium as alloying elements in amounts of 5 to 15% by weight, with hard material particles in the form of the matrix metal carbides of the elements vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, chromium, molybdenum and / or tungsten and / or mixtures thereof in amounts of 0.01 to 75% by weight, preferably 5 to 75% by weight, based on the high-temperature composite material.
- the carbide particle size is less than 50 ⁇ m.
- the carbide particles contained are compact.
- Corresponding matrix alloys of the MCrAlY type with platinum and / or rhodium additives in powder form as matrix materials for composite materials with dispersed hard material powders have hitherto not been disclosed.
- the MCrAlY hard alloys according to the invention can preferably by suspension spraying, mechanical alloying or mixing of composite powders of MCrAlY, platinum and / or rhodium and hard materials such as carbides of the elements vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, chromium, molybdenum and / or tungsten and / or mixtures thereof, which are produced from 5 to 15% by weight of platinum and / or rhodium and 0.01 to 75% by weight, preferably 5 to 75% by weight, of metal carbide content can be obtained.
- the invention also relates to the use of the high-temperature composite materials for the production of surface protective layers.
- the powders are processed to form the surface protective layers, preferably by means of build-up welding or thermal spraying processes such as plasma spraying, powder plasma build-up welding, high-speed flame spraying or laser coating.
- This invention also relates to the use of the high-temperature composite materials according to the invention for the production of compact components which are obtained by compacting the powdery starting materials into component blanks or components.
- Compacting processes such as sintering, hot isostatic pressing or injection molding make it possible to manufacture high-temperature-resistant, abrasion-resistant components.
- Very dense, well-adhering composite layers were produced by vacuum plasma spraying. They have been tested for corrosion resistance and adhesive strength by cyclical heating to 900 ° C and cooling to 200 ° C the. The heating, tempering and cooling cycle lasted 80 minutes. A nickel-based superalloy was used as the base material.
- Layers with different hard material contents were produced by powder plasma deposition welding and plasma spraying, and the abrasion wear behavior against SiC disks of 600 grit as the counter body was determined. All matrix-hard material combinations showed a similar behavior improved compared to the hard material-free matrix layer. The addition of 75% by volume of hard material results in a significant reduction in the wear rate, regardless of the type of hard material. Depending on the type of hard material, wear is only 55 to 70% of the wear rate of the pure matrix alloy.
- MCrAlY-platinum-hard material composite powders have been processed into compact bodies by hot isostatic pressing (HIP).
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen neuen korrosions- und verschleißbeständigen Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoff auf Basis einer Legierung des Typs MCrAlY als Matrixmetall mit Platin und/oder Rhodium als Legierungselemente in Mengen von 5 bis 15 Gew.-%, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoffes sowie dessen Verwendung.
- In vielen modernen Industrieanlagen, wie z.B. bei der Energiegewinnung, der Müllverbrennung oder Kohlevergasung, müssen Anlagen-Bauteile gegen Hochtemperaturkorrosion und Verschleiß beständig sein oder durch geeignete Überzüge weitgehend davor geschützt werden.
- Aus dem Bereich des Gasturbinenbaus, insbesondere der Flugtriebwerke, ist der Einsatz von Werkstoffen mit der allgemeinen Bezeichnung MCrAlY-Legierungen bekannt, wobei M ein Metall aus der Gruppe Eisen, Kobalt und Nickel oder Kombinationen dieser Elemente darstellt. Werkstoffe dieser Art sind beschrieben in den US-A-3 874 901, US-A-53 928 026, US-A-3 542 530 und US-A-3 754 903. Die Weiterentwicklung der MCrAlY-Legierungen mit dem Ziel, die Korrosionsbeständigkeit zu erhöhen, hat zu Edelmetallhaltigen Legierungstypen geführt. So wird in der US-A-3 918 139 eine MCrAlY-Legierung mit 3 bis 12 Gew.-% Platin oder Rhodium beschrieben. Platin-haltige Überzugslegierungen auf NiCrAl-Basis haben in der Vergangenheit in vielen Fällen hervorragende Korrosionsbeständigkeit bewiesen.
- Zur Verbesserung des Verschleißverhaltens der MCrAlY-Werkstoffe können gemäß den US-A-3 879 831 und US-A-4 124 737 den Basislegierungen unter anderem Hartstoffe wie Oxide und Nitride zugesetzt werden. Darüber hinaus ist aus der US-A-4 275 124 bekannt, das Verschleißverhalten von MCrAlY-Legierungen durch in - situ - gebildete Carbide oder durch zulegierte Carbide zu erhöhen.
- In der US-A-4 275 090 ist Chromcarbid, Cr₃C₂, als Zusatz genannt. Außerdem ist aus den US-A-4 117 179 und US-A-4 124 137 der Zusatz von TaC zu Ni-Cr- und Co-Cr-Werkstoffen zwar bekannt, der Einfluß von Tantal auf das Oxidations-Korrosionsverhalten wird aber vorwiegend als negativ beschrieben.
- Die in die MCrAlY-Matrix eingelagerten Carbide reagieren aufgrund physikalischer und chemischer Eigenschaften dieses Verbundsystems unter den auftretenden Betriebstemperaturen mehr oder weniger stark in der Matrix. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit nimmt mit steigender Temperatur zu und Carbide der 6. Nebengruppe (z.B. Cr₃C₂) werden bei gleicher Temperatur schneller abgebaut als die der 4. Nebengruppe (z.B. TiC, NbC). Da der Wirkungsgrad vieler bei hohen Temperaturen arbeitenden Anlagen durch Temperatursteigerung weiter erhöht werden kann, sind jedoch hochtemperaturstabile korrosions- und verschleißbeständige Werkstoffe erforderlich.
- Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die Hochtemperatur-Stabilität der Verbundwerkstoffe aus MCrAlY-Matrix und Hartstoffen zu verbessern, um die Nachteile der bekannten Werkstoff-Kombinationen zu überwinden. Demgemäß sollen also temperaturstabile korrosions- und verschleißbeständige Legierungen zur Verfügung gestellt werden, die bei Temperaturen von 600 bis 1100°C einsetzbar sind.
- Es wurde nun gefunden, daß diese Bedingungen erfüllt werden durch einen MCrAl(Y)-Werkstoff (mit oder ohne Yttrium-Anteil), der neben Platin oder Rhodium Carbide der 4. und/oder 5. und/oder 6. Nebengruppe des Periodensystems der Elemente enthält. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß diese zusätzlichen Legierungs-Elemente die Abbau-Reaktionen der Carbide mit der Matrix stark verringern, so daß in die Matrix eingelagerte Carbidpartikel ihre verschleißhemmende Wirkung länger aufrechterhalten. Der Einsatz von Mischcarbiden ist ebenfalls möglich.
- Die vom Platin zusätzlich ausgehende positive Wirkung in diesem Zusammenhang ist bekanntermaßen eine Verbesserung des Korrosionsverhaltens durch verbesserte Oxidhaftung auf der Oberfläche. Der Platingehalt der MCrAlY-Matrix kann bis zu 15 Gew.-% betragen, der Carbidanteil zwischen 0,01 und 75 Gew.-% variieren.
- Gegenstand dieser Erfindung ist somit ein Korrosions- und verschleißbeständiger Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoff auf Basis einer Legierung des Typs MCrAlY als Matrixmetall mit Platin und/oder Rhodium als Legierungselemente in Mengen von 5 bis 15 Gew.-%, wobei in das Matrixmetall Hartstoffpartikel in Form von Carbiden der Elemente Vanadium, Niob, Tantal, Titan, Zirkon, Hafnium, Chrom, Molybdän und/oder Wolfram und/oder Mischungen derselben in Mengen von 0,01 bis 75 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 75 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoff, eingelagert sind.
- In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform beträgt die Carbid-Partikelgröße unter 50 µm. Die enthaltenen Carbid-Partikel sind kompakt. Entsprechende Matrixlegierungen des Typs MCrAlY mit Platin- und/oder Rhodiumzusätzen in Pulverform als Matrixwerkstoffe für Verbundwerkstoffe mit eindispergierten Hartstoffpulvern waren bislang noch nicht bekannt geworden.
- Gegenstand dieser Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoffe. Die erfindungsgemäßen MCrAlY-Hartstoff-Legierungen können bevorzugt durch Suspensionsverdüsen, mechanisches Legieren oder Mischen von Verbundpulver aus MCrAlY, Platin und/oder Rhodium und Hartstoffen wie Carbiden der Elemente Vanadium, Niob, Tantal, Titan, Zirkon, Hafnium, Chrom, Molybdän und/oder Wolfram und/oder Mischungen derselben hergestellt werden, die 5 bis 15 Gew.-% Platin und/oder Rhodium und 0,01 bis 75 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 5 bis 75 Gew.-%, Metallcarbidanteil enthalten, erhalten werden.
- Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch die Verwendung der Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoffe zur Herstellung von Oberflächenschutzschichten. Hierbei erfolgt die Verarbeitung der Pulver zu den Oberflächenschutzschichten bevorzugt durch Auftragsschweiß- oder thermische Spritzverfahren wie Plasmaspritzen, Pulverplasma-Auftragsschweißen, Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen oder Laser-Beschichten.
- Gegenstand dieser Erfindung ist auch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoffe zur Herstellung von Kompaktbauteilen, die durch Kompaktieren der pulverförmigen Ausgangsstoffe zu Bauteilrohlingen oder Bauteilen erhalten werden. Durch Kompaktierverfahren wie Sintern, heißisostatisches Pressen oder Spritzguß ist die Herstellung hochtemperaturbeständiger, abriebfester Bauteile möglich.
- Sehr dichte, gut haftende Verbundschichten wurden durch Vakuumplasmaspritzen hergestellt. Sie sind auf Korrosionsbeständigkeit und Haftfestigkeit durch zyklisches Aufheizen auf 900°C und Abkühlen auf 200°C getestet wor den. Der Aufheiz-, Temper- und Abkühlzyklus dauerte 80 Minuten. Als Grundwerkstoff wurde eine Nickelbasis-Superlegierung verwendet.
- Nach 1000 Testzyklen (1333 Stunden) waren keine Anzeichen für einen Ausfall der Schichten - Durchbrüche oder Abplatzungen - zu erkennen.
- Ein Vergleich zwischen platinfreier und platinhaltiger, mit Carbiden durchsetzter Matrix zeigt, daß der diffusionsbedingte Austausch zwischen Carbid- und Matrixelementen bei Anwesenheit von Platin langsamer abläuft.
- Durch Pulverplasmaauftragsschweißen und Plasmaspritzen wurden Schichten mit unterschiedlichen Gehalten an Hartstoffen hergestellt und damit das Abrasions-Verschleißverhalten gegen SiC-Scheiben der Körnung 600 als Gegenkörper ermittelt. Alle Matrix-Hartstoff-Kombinationen zeigten dabei ein ähnliches gegenüber der Hartstofffreien Matrix-Schicht verbessertes Verhalten. Die Zugabe von 75 Vol.-% Hartstoff bewirkt unabhängig von der Hartstoffart eine deutliche Verminderung der Verschleißrate. Je nach Hartstoffart beträgt der Verschleiß nur noch 55 bis 70% der Verschleißrate der reinen Matrix-Legierung.
- MCrAlY-Platin-Hartstoff-Verbundpulver sind durch heißisostatisches Pressen (HIP) zu Kompaktkörpern verarbeitet worden. Die Auswertung von Verschleißuntersuchungen bestätigt die mit Hilfe der Schutzschicht gewonnenen Ergebnisse.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3918380A DE3918380A1 (de) | 1989-06-06 | 1989-06-06 | Hochtemperatur-verbund-werkstoff, verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie dessen verwendung |
DE3918380 | 1989-06-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0401611A1 true EP0401611A1 (de) | 1990-12-12 |
EP0401611B1 EP0401611B1 (de) | 1993-11-24 |
Family
ID=6382146
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90109913A Expired - Lifetime EP0401611B1 (de) | 1989-06-06 | 1990-05-24 | Hochtemperatur-Verbund-Werkstoff, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5141821A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0401611B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH0344456A (de) |
KR (1) | KR910001079A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2018254A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3918380A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0652299A1 (de) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-10 | ROLLS-ROYCE plc | Beschichtungszusammensetzung mit gutem Korrosions- und Oxydationsschutz |
US5897947A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1999-04-27 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method of coating and thread guiding elements produced thereby |
EP0961017A2 (de) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Hochtemperaturschutzschicht |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2073652C (en) * | 1991-07-12 | 1999-07-06 | John E. Jackson | Rotary seal member coated with a chromium carbide-age hardenable nickel base alloy |
US5712050A (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 1998-01-27 | General Electric Company | Superalloy component with dispersion-containing protective coating |
US5500252A (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1996-03-19 | Rolls-Royce Plc | High temperature corrosion resistant composite coatings |
GB9218858D0 (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1992-10-21 | Rolls Royce Plc | High temperature corrosion resistant composite coatings |
GB2276886B (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1997-04-23 | Smith International | Rock bits with hard facing |
US5765624A (en) * | 1994-04-07 | 1998-06-16 | Oshkosh Truck Corporation | Process for casting a light-weight iron-based material |
GB2319783B (en) * | 1996-11-30 | 2001-08-29 | Chromalloy Uk Ltd | A thermal barrier coating for a superalloy article and a method of application thereof |
FR2757181B1 (fr) * | 1996-12-12 | 1999-02-12 | Snecma | Procede de realisation d'un revetement protecteur a haute efficacite contre la corrosion a haute temperature pour superalliages, revetement protecteur obtenu par ce procede et pieces protegees par ce revetement |
DE10111111C2 (de) * | 2001-03-08 | 2003-11-27 | Deutsche Titan Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer gegen Beschuß und Splitter gepanzerten Platte |
EP1365044A1 (de) | 2002-05-24 | 2003-11-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | MCrAl-Schicht |
US7316850B2 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2008-01-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Modified MCrAlY coatings on turbine blade tips with improved durability |
US7378132B2 (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2008-05-27 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Method for applying environmental-resistant MCrAlY coatings on gas turbine components |
DE102005044991A1 (de) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-03-22 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutzschicht, Schutzschicht und Bauteil mit einer Schutzschicht |
DE102006060776A1 (de) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-26 | Siemens Ag | Bauteil einer Bohranlage für das Bohren in einer geologischen Gesteinsschicht |
JP5058645B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-27 | 2012-10-24 | トーカロ株式会社 | 溶射用粉末、溶射皮膜及びハースロール |
US8268237B2 (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-09-18 | General Electric Company | Method of coating with cryo-milled nano-grained particles |
US8708659B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2014-04-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Turbine engine component having protective coating |
US8544769B2 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2013-10-01 | General Electric Company | Multi-nozzle spray gun |
CN108486522A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种催化裂化装置阀门用耐磨耐蚀涂层及其制备方法 |
CA3106049A1 (en) | 2018-10-09 | 2020-07-09 | Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. | High-entropy oxides for thermal barrier coating (tbc) top coats |
CN115747795B (zh) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏大学 | 一种高服役寿命的热障涂层粘结层及其制备方法 |
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GB1500780A (en) * | 1974-07-10 | 1978-02-08 | United Technologies Corp | Mcraly type coating alloy |
GB2006274A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-05-02 | United Technologies Corp | Oxidation and Wear Resistant Coated Article |
US4275124A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1981-06-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Carbon bearing MCrAlY coating |
WO1982001897A1 (en) * | 1980-12-05 | 1982-06-10 | Simm Wolfgang | Material allowing the stratification of machining parts,the latter having then an improved resistance to abrasion and hammering |
Family Cites Families (3)
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US3802938A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1974-04-09 | Trw Inc | Method of fabricating nickel base superalloys having improved stress rupture properties |
US4275090A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1981-06-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Process for carbon bearing MCrAlY coating |
US4439470A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1984-03-27 | George Kelly Sievers | Method for forming ternary alloys using precious metals and interdispersed phase |
-
1989
- 1989-06-06 DE DE3918380A patent/DE3918380A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-05-24 DE DE90109913T patent/DE59003581D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-24 EP EP90109913A patent/EP0401611B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-29 US US07/529,583 patent/US5141821A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-04 KR KR1019900008178A patent/KR910001079A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-06-05 CA CA002018254A patent/CA2018254A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-06-05 JP JP2145558A patent/JPH0344456A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1500780A (en) * | 1974-07-10 | 1978-02-08 | United Technologies Corp | Mcraly type coating alloy |
GB2006274A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-05-02 | United Technologies Corp | Oxidation and Wear Resistant Coated Article |
US4275124A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1981-06-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Carbon bearing MCrAlY coating |
WO1982001897A1 (en) * | 1980-12-05 | 1982-06-10 | Simm Wolfgang | Material allowing the stratification of machining parts,the latter having then an improved resistance to abrasion and hammering |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0652299A1 (de) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-10 | ROLLS-ROYCE plc | Beschichtungszusammensetzung mit gutem Korrosions- und Oxydationsschutz |
US5897947A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1999-04-27 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method of coating and thread guiding elements produced thereby |
EP0961017A2 (de) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Hochtemperaturschutzschicht |
EP0961017A3 (de) * | 1998-05-28 | 2001-03-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Hochtemperaturschutzschicht |
US6548161B1 (en) | 1998-05-28 | 2003-04-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | High temperature equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3918380A1 (de) | 1990-12-20 |
EP0401611B1 (de) | 1993-11-24 |
CA2018254A1 (en) | 1990-12-06 |
DE59003581D1 (de) | 1994-01-05 |
JPH0344456A (ja) | 1991-02-26 |
KR910001079A (ko) | 1991-01-30 |
US5141821A (en) | 1992-08-25 |
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