EP0400359B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines zusammenhängenden, nachfolgend zu Blöcken o. dergl. zu verpressenden Vlieses aus Langsplittern - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines zusammenhängenden, nachfolgend zu Blöcken o. dergl. zu verpressenden Vlieses aus Langsplittern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0400359B1
EP0400359B1 EP90108621A EP90108621A EP0400359B1 EP 0400359 B1 EP0400359 B1 EP 0400359B1 EP 90108621 A EP90108621 A EP 90108621A EP 90108621 A EP90108621 A EP 90108621A EP 0400359 B1 EP0400359 B1 EP 0400359B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slabs
sticks
breaking
process according
strand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90108621A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0400359A3 (de
EP0400359A2 (de
Inventor
Gerd Schäfer
Karl Schäfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0400359A2 publication Critical patent/EP0400359A2/de
Publication of EP0400359A3 publication Critical patent/EP0400359A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0400359B1 publication Critical patent/EP0400359B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/08—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood fibres, e.g. produced by tearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
    • Y10T156/1067—Continuous longitudinal slitting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
    • Y10T156/1075—Prior to assembly of plural laminae from single stock and assembling to each other or to additional lamina
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/12—Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing
    • Y10T156/13—Severing followed by associating with part from same source
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/12—Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing
    • Y10T156/1317—Means feeding plural workpieces to be joined
    • Y10T156/1322—Severing before bonding or assembling of parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
    • Y10T83/0267—Splitting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
    • Y10T83/0267—Splitting
    • Y10T83/0274—By use of endless band or chain knife
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
    • Y10T83/0267—Splitting
    • Y10T83/0296—With infeeding of work

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a coherent nonwoven from long splinters, which are produced by disassembling the supplied starting material and then compressed to form a nonwoven, which is subsequently glued and together with other nonwovens into blocks or the like. is pressed.
  • a corresponding method and devices for carrying out the method can be found, for example, in DE-OS 27 16 748.
  • the aim here is to create a compressed wood product which, in contrast to conventional chipboard, is composed of elongated chips, which are arranged largely parallel to each other. Natural wood is used as the starting material, which is impacted by squeeze rollers in such a way that the wood is broken down parallel to the fibers to form a still-connected nonwoven. To support this crushing resolution, longitudinal notches or the like can be inserted into the natural wood from above. be introduced.
  • the invention has for its object to develop an improved method and an improved device for producing the nonwovens described above.
  • the energy-consuming squeezing process is replaced by a fiber-parallel splitting process.
  • the fiber composite is not only loosened according to the invention to a mat in which the fiber sections are still firmly connected, but the stacked starting material is split into individual, that is to say completely separate, longitudinal splinters, the cross sections of which are preferably on average 100 mm2, but maximum Should be 200 mm2.
  • cutting movements should be carried out in connection with the preferably continuous feed of the parcel strand in such a way that a splitting process results in the wood material, that is to say an air gap precedes the knife edge in the wood.
  • the splinters or rinds can be combined into individual bundles in the sawmill and separated from these bundles to form the endless bundle of packages. It is useful if the package strand is at a height is equalized, which is considerably smaller than the diameter of a collar.
  • the splinters or rinds are acted upon from above with their compressive forces in order to compress the starting material, which is stacked on top of one another, during its longitudinal decomposition. Due to the longitudinal division of the splitters or rinds as a result of the repeated longitudinal splitting, internal tensions in the wood are released and lead to a fabric-like mat formed from loose longitudinal fragments lying next to or on top of one another. This mat-like structure is then compressed into a fleece by the tamping provided according to the invention. The pressure of the tamper can be adjusted so that the fiber composite can be loosened in a preselectable manner, which cannot be achieved with squeeze rollers.
  • the long splinters are guided on paths crossing at an acute angle. This further supports the spreading effect which already results from the longitudinal splitting, in which the longitudinal splinters formed from a splitter are slightly deflected from the original conveying direction on both sides by the splitting knife, which divides them lengthwise, so that subsequently there is a different direction course.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that it does not process logs, but chisels and possibly rinds, which can normally be stacked on top of each other in several layers. In this case, raw material of any length can be used, while cut logs are required in the prior art. It is also advantageous that the process according to the invention can be used with controllable feed and cutting forces. According to the invention, the connection of the individual longitudinal splinters produced beforehand to form a transportable, continuous fleece takes place exclusively by pressurization. Any bark is separated or crumbled during the longitudinal cutting of the splinters or rinds and can therefore be easily removed.
  • the splitters or rinds are combined in bundles before they are processed, it is advantageous if the bundle of strands is then leveled to a height that is considerably smaller than the diameter of a bundle.
  • the oscillation of the cutting movements for producing the long splinters can be up to 80 Hz.
  • the tamping acting on the long splinters or the braid to compress them from above exerts a sudden, sudden, high force effect, with a stored energy being converted in the range of milliseconds without large kinetic energies being developed have to.
  • the fleece pressed in this way can then be subjected to thickness equalization.
  • the parcel strand or the braid can be fed continuously at the same speed.
  • guide elements for deflecting the longitudinally split splinters or rinds or elongated splinters are arranged within the dismantling device over their increasing conveying width in such a way that guide paths intersecting at an acute angle are formed for them.
  • a metering device can be connected upstream of the parcel strand conveyor to separate the splitters or rinds from bundles supplied.
  • the pressure device upstream of the disassembly device can preferably pressure rollers and / or pressure balls have, which can be actuated via interconnected hydraulic cylinders, the pressure rollers are preferably floating. This results in an optimal adaptation of the printing device to the surface contour of the package strand.
  • the pressure device upstream of the disassembly device can have pressers with guide webs.
  • the distance between the cutting edges of two splitting knives arranged in a row next to one another is smaller than between the rear knife edges.
  • the pressure devices provided in the disassembly device can also comprise floating, freely rotating pressure rollers. So that the vertically arranged splitting knives do not pull up the respectively applied splinters or rinds during their stroke movement, it can be expedient if the splitting knives are arranged inclined against the conveying direction and thereby enclose an acute angle with the latter.
  • the compression device downstream of the disassembly device can be composed of several force units, which convert the energy stored in them in a rapid cycle in the range of milliseconds. It is expedient if force units such as those used in German are used both for the oscillating drive of the splitting knife and for the drive of the compression device Patent specification 26 00 948 are described.
  • FIG. 1 begins with a conveyor 1 for an endless parcel strand 2 consisting of longitudinally aligned splitters or rinds. Above the conveyor 1 there is a pressure device 3 which extends across the conveying width and acts vertically downwards and which forms the top of the parcel strand 2 acted upon and rolls on this.
  • Figure 3 shows a presser 4 of this printing device 3, the pressure rollers 5 and / or pressure balls and guide webs 6 for better parallel guidance of the splinter 7 or rinds.
  • a disassembly device 8 Downstream of the printing device 3 is a disassembly device 8, which has a plurality of rows of knives 10 which are aligned transversely to the conveying direction 9 and which are arranged one behind the other and offset from one another, each of which is composed of a plurality of splitting knives 11 arranged next to one another at a small spacing with the bundle strand 2 of opposing vertical cutting edges 12.
  • the splitting knives 11 are guided such that they can be moved vertically and are subject to an oscillating drive 13.
  • At least the splitting knives 11 of a row of knives 10 are arranged in a common gate 14 (see FIG. 5) which is acted upon by the oscillating drive 13 (not shown in more detail).
  • the conveyor that transports the parcel strand 2 through the dismantling device 8 is formed by driven chains 15, which are passed between the splitting knives 11 and are arranged in an interleaved manner.
  • pressing devices 16 are arranged between the individual rows of knives 10, which in turn may have pressure rollers and / or pressure balls and firmly compress the package strand 2 from above on the way through the disassembling device 8.
  • the disassembly device 8 is followed by a compression device 17, in which the previously split long splinters are compressed into a fleece 18.
  • the disassembly device 8 is followed by a plate belt 19 as a conveyor for the fleece 18.
  • a leveling roller 20 is arranged downstream of the compacting device 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows the area of the dismantling device 8, the pressing devices 16 provided between the rows of knives 10 not being shown for reasons of better clarity.
  • the package strand 2 increases in height and in width.
  • the dismantling device 8 is preceded by a leveling roller 21 and the compression device 17 composed of several force units 17a is connected downstream.
  • Guide elements 22 for deflecting the longitudinally split splinters or rinds or longitudinal splinters are arranged within the dismantling device 8 over their increasing conveying width in such a way that guide paths 23 which intersect at an acute angle are formed for them.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the distance a between the cutting edges 12 of two gap knives 11 arranged side by side in a row 10 is smaller than between the rear knife edges.
  • the thickness of the knives 11 designed with a sharp cutting edge 12 is preferably 2-3 mm.
  • the knife stroke can be around 200 mm.
  • the splitters or rinds used as the starting material are aligned side by side and one above the other, approximately parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction and equalized to form the endless package strand 2 of approximately the same width and height.
  • This parcel strand which is conveyed continuously or discontinuously on the conveyor 1, is acted upon by the printing device 3 in order to prevent evasion during the subsequent dismantling.
  • the chain strand 2 is then transported by the disassembling device 8 in the conveying direction 9 from the chain conveyor 15.
  • the packet strand 2 comes into the range of action of the splitting knives 11 which perform vertical oscillating cutting movements and which, with their vertical cutting edges 12, split the splinters or rinds in the longitudinal direction against their feed direction 9, longitudinal splits resulting from the repeated longitudinal splitting and being separated in parallel with the fibers.
  • the guide elements 22 indicated in FIG. 2 are provided.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
EP90108621A 1989-05-30 1990-05-08 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines zusammenhängenden, nachfolgend zu Blöcken o. dergl. zu verpressenden Vlieses aus Langsplittern Expired - Lifetime EP0400359B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3917452A DE3917452C1 (sv) 1989-05-30 1989-05-30
DE3917452 1989-05-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0400359A2 EP0400359A2 (de) 1990-12-05
EP0400359A3 EP0400359A3 (de) 1992-03-18
EP0400359B1 true EP0400359B1 (de) 1994-08-31

Family

ID=6381609

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90108621A Expired - Lifetime EP0400359B1 (de) 1989-05-30 1990-05-08 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines zusammenhängenden, nachfolgend zu Blöcken o. dergl. zu verpressenden Vlieses aus Langsplittern

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5074945A (sv)
EP (1) EP0400359B1 (sv)
JP (1) JPH03121806A (sv)
AT (1) ATE110615T1 (sv)
AU (1) AU627581B2 (sv)
CA (1) CA2017727A1 (sv)
DD (1) DD294659A5 (sv)
DE (2) DE3917452C1 (sv)
FI (1) FI902694A0 (sv)
NO (1) NO173436C (sv)
PT (1) PT94207A (sv)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19747930A1 (de) * 1997-08-21 1999-05-06 Babcock Bsh Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zum Herstellen von Holzwerkstoffplatten
CA2411720C (en) * 2001-11-13 2007-02-06 Louisiana-Pacific Corporation Method for producing a processed continuous veneer ribbon and consolidated processed veneer strand product therefrom
US7691223B2 (en) * 2007-01-25 2010-04-06 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Apparatus and method for making fiber reinforced sheet molding compound
CN108839146B (zh) * 2018-08-21 2023-04-07 南京林业大学 一种精准定位增强筋重组竹构件生产模具及制作方法
DE102022123936A1 (de) 2022-09-19 2024-03-21 Peter Vente GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von langgestreckten Holzelementen

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH473653A (de) * 1968-07-31 1969-06-15 Bauwerk Bodenbelagsind Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schneiden von Holz und Holzwerkstoffen
US3674219A (en) * 1970-07-24 1972-07-04 Tennessee Valley Authority Green-wood fibrating means and method
DE2600948C3 (de) * 1976-01-13 1984-04-19 Knäbel, Horst, Ing.(grad.), 4005 Meerbusch Krafteinheit als Arbeitsorgan, z.B. für Pressen zum Formgeben, Verdichten usw.
ZA772210B (en) * 1976-04-15 1978-03-29 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Reconsolidated wood product
US4122236A (en) * 1977-05-09 1978-10-24 Holman John A Artificial board of lumber and method for manufacturing same
CA1098423A (en) * 1978-03-13 1981-03-31 James K. Welsh Process for preparation of long wood strands
US4371020A (en) * 1978-03-13 1983-02-01 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Three-step process for preparation of long wood strands
CA1091135A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-12-09 Derek Barnes Three-step process for preparation of long wood strands
US4337809A (en) * 1980-08-25 1982-07-06 Bertolette Robert K Log Splitter
GB2176792B (en) * 1983-11-23 1987-12-31 Repco Res Pty Ltd Continuous or semi-continuous process for forming reconsolidated wood product
JPS61500484A (ja) * 1983-11-23 1986-03-20 ラフォー・リミテッド 再固結木材製品の製造の改良法
AU569764B2 (en) * 1983-11-23 1988-02-18 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Two-step compression reconsolidated wood production
AU563122B2 (en) * 1983-11-23 1987-06-25 Valjul Pty Ltd Improvements in manufacture of reconsolidated wood products
ZA849187B (en) * 1983-11-23 1985-07-31 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Method and apparatus for use in producing reconsolidated wood products
AU563123B2 (en) * 1983-11-23 1987-06-25 Valjul Pty Ltd Improvements in manufacture of reconsolidated wood products
JPS63107505A (ja) * 1986-06-11 1988-05-12 Koyo Sangyo Kk 積層材及びその製造方法
WO1988000517A1 (en) * 1986-07-10 1988-01-28 Wurster U. Dietz Gmbh U. Co. Maschinenfabrik Process and device for cutting up tree trunks into wood products without shavings
AU623399B2 (en) * 1988-05-18 1992-05-14 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Improved method and apparatus for use in producing reconsolidated wood products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3917452C1 (sv) 1990-10-25
AU5607690A (en) 1990-12-06
DE59006948D1 (de) 1994-10-06
JPH03121806A (ja) 1991-05-23
US5074945A (en) 1991-12-24
PT94207A (pt) 1991-02-08
EP0400359A3 (de) 1992-03-18
EP0400359A2 (de) 1990-12-05
ATE110615T1 (de) 1994-09-15
NO902383D0 (no) 1990-05-29
NO173436C (no) 1993-12-15
NO173436B (no) 1993-09-06
FI902694A0 (fi) 1990-05-30
AU627581B2 (en) 1992-08-27
NO902383L (no) 1990-12-03
DD294659A5 (de) 1991-10-10
CA2017727A1 (en) 1990-11-30

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