EP0388492B1 - Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter - Google Patents

Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0388492B1
EP0388492B1 EP19890105131 EP89105131A EP0388492B1 EP 0388492 B1 EP0388492 B1 EP 0388492B1 EP 19890105131 EP19890105131 EP 19890105131 EP 89105131 A EP89105131 A EP 89105131A EP 0388492 B1 EP0388492 B1 EP 0388492B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transistor
voltage
coupled
comparing
capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890105131
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0388492A1 (de
Inventor
Keiichi Shimizu
Kenichi Inui
Nanjou Aoike
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp filed Critical Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp
Priority to DE1989612764 priority Critical patent/DE68912764T2/de
Priority to EP19890105131 priority patent/EP0388492B1/de
Publication of EP0388492A1 publication Critical patent/EP0388492A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0388492B1 publication Critical patent/EP0388492B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an inverter, and more particularly, to an inverter for operating a gas discharge lamp, such as a fluorescent lamp, in a high frequency manner.
  • the most common example for an inverter for converting a DC power to an AC power is a voltage resonance type inverter provided with a parallel voltage resonance circuit and a switching element.
  • the switching element interrupts an input DC voltage at a high frequency, which is higher than an acoustic frequency, e.g., 20 to 100 kHz, and applies the thus formed AC voltage to the voltage resonance circuit.
  • the AC voltage induced into the voltage resonance circuit is supplied to a load.
  • any particular measure is not used for controlling an operating frequency, i.e., a frequency of the on/off operation of the switching element. Therefore, the operating frequency is normally fixed in the self-excited inverter, while it depends on a load to which an AC voltage is to be supplied.
  • These inverters are disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-45040, Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 61-2299, and Japanese Utility Model Disclosure (Kokai) No. 62-69396.
  • the voltage applied to the switching element depends on an operating state of the load receiving the AC voltage.
  • the voltage applied to the switching element is apt to be an over-voltage.
  • the used switching element must have a high breakdown voltage. This implies that the switching element for the inverter is expensive and hence the cost to manufacture the resultant inverter is increased.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an inverter which surely prevents a switching element from being applied with an overvoltage at low cost and lessens variation in output voltage with respect to a power voltage.
  • an inverter capable of controlling an operating frequency comprising means for supplying a DC voltage, switching means for switching the voltage from the DC voltage supply means, parallel voltage resonance circuit including an inductor coupled in series with the switching means, the inductor and the switching means both being connected between both ends of the DC voltage supply means, and a resonance capacitor, voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage applied to the switching means, and control means for controlling a switching frequency of the switching means, on the basis of the result of comparison of a voltage value detected by the voltage detecting means and a predetermined reference voltage.
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit arrangement of an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp to which a separately excited inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • DC power source 102 makes up a power source circuit 101, which may be a pure DC power source such as a battery, or a rectifier circuit for rectifying an AC power source, which is of smoothing, partially smoothing, or nonsmoothing type.
  • Reference numeral 201 designates a voltage resonance circuit.
  • the primary winding 2021 of output transformer 202 of the leakage type is connected at one end to the positive terminal of DC power source 102 in the DC power source circuit 101, and at the other end to the collector of transistor 302 constituting switching element 301.
  • Resonance capacitor 204 is coupled in parallel with the primary winding 2021 of output transformer 202.
  • Load 12 such as a discharge lamp including a fluorescent lamp is connected across the secondary winding 2022 of output transformer 202.
  • Diode 14 is connected to the collector and emitter (negative terminal of DC power source 102) of transistor 302, in a back-to-back manner.
  • Voltage detector 401 is further connected between the collector and emitter of transistor 302.
  • Detector 401 includes a series circuit made up of diode 402 and capacitor 404.
  • Diode 402 is coupled with the collector-emitter path of transistor 302 in a forward direction.
  • This capacitor 404 is coupled in parallel with a series circuit including resistors 406 and 408. These resistors 406, 408 divide the voltage across capacitor 404, to form a voltage for application to control circuit 501 to be described later.
  • Control circuit 501 drives transistor 302 by a frequency depending on the collector-emitter voltage of transistor 302.
  • control circuit 501 is made up of reference voltage source 502, error amplifier 504, and voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 506.
  • Amplifier 504 compares the output voltage of voltage detector 401 as appears at a node resistors 406 and 408, and the output voltage of reference voltage source 502, and produces a difference voltage as an error voltage.
  • VCO 506 oscillates at a frequency depending on the output signal of error amplifier 504.
  • VCO 506 may be an integrated circuit, such as NJM 555 manufactured by Shin-Nihon Musen Co., in Japan.
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit arrangement including VCO 506 consisting of the above IC and its peripheral circuitry.
  • V+ designates a power source voltage for the IC
  • R A , R B , and C are resistors and capacitor with proper values.
  • DC power source 102 is turned on, VCO 506 starts oscillation, and the oscillator output signal is applied to the base of transistor 302.
  • Transistor 302 is alternately turned on and off at the oscillating frequency (f1) of VCO 506.
  • the output signal of transistor 302 drives parallel (voltage) resonance circuit 201 substantially consisting of primary winding 2021 of output transformer 202 and resonance capacitor 204, so that a high frequency output voltage is induced in the secondary winding 2022 of output transformer 202. In this way, the inverter is started up.
  • oscillating frequency f1 of VCO 506 is controlled so that voltage Vp/n is equal to reference voltage Vref as the output voltage of reference voltage source 502.
  • the voltage Vp/n is obtained by dividing the terminal voltage (Vp) of capacitor 404 by resistors 406 and 408, and "n" is a voltage dividing ratio.
  • Oscillating frequency f1 of VCO 506 is selected to be much higher than the resonance frequency (f0) of voltage resonance circuit 201, for example.
  • Figs. 10A through 10C showing variations of an input voltage to error amplifier 504, an input voltage to VCO 506, and an oscillating frequency of VCO 506. It is assumed that voltage Vp/n is lower than reference voltage Vref at time t1, as shown in Fig. 10A. As the voltage V CE across the collector-path of transistor 302 becomes high, voltage Vp/n gradually rises, and reaches reference voltage Vref at time t2, and exceeds during period from time t2 and t3. On the other hand, the input voltage to VCO 506 gradually decreases from time t1 and is zeroed at time t3, as shown in Fig. 10B. An oscillating frequency f1 of VCO 506 gradually increases from time t1 to t3 as its input voltage decreases. The increasing oscillating frequency f1 causes the collector-emitter voltage of transistor 302 to drop, and it is kept constant.
  • the inverter is applied for an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp, and it must be operated stably.
  • the output transformer of the leakage type is used.
  • the normal transformer, not leakage type transformer may be used.
  • FIG. 3 An embodiment of an apparatus for a discharge lamp to which a self-excited inverter is applied, will be described referring to Fig. 3.
  • like reference symbols are used for designate like or equivalent portions in Fig. 1, for simplicity.
  • voltage resonance circuit 202 is so arranged that one end of the primary winding 2061 of output transformer 206 is connected to the positive terminal of DC power source 102 of power source circuit 101, and the other end is connected to the collector of the transistor 302 of switching element 301.
  • Resonance capacitor 204 is coupled in parallel with the primary winding 2061 of output transformer 206.
  • Secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206 is connected at one end to load 12 and at the other end to one end of the primary winding 5181 of feedback current transformer (CT) 518.
  • CT feedback current transformer
  • Control circuit 502 contains transistor 508 as an error detector.
  • the base of the transistor 508 is connected to a node between resistors 406 and 408 of voltage detector 401.
  • the emitter and collector of transistor 508 are respectively coupled with the positive and negative terminals of DC power source 102 of power source circuit 101.
  • Zener diode 514 as a reference potential source is inserted with its cathode connecting to the emitter of transistor 508.
  • the collector of transistor 508 is coupled with the gate of field effect transistor (FET) 516.
  • the source of FET 516 is connected to the negative terminal of DC power source 102.
  • Control circuit 502 further includes feedback current transformer (CT) 518.
  • CT feedback current transformer
  • One end of secondary winding 5182 is connected to the base of transistor 302 of switching element 301, while the other end, to the first ends of frequency control capacitors 520 and 522.
  • the capacitor 520 is coupled at the second end with the drain of FET 516, and capacitor 522 is coupled at the second end with the emitter of transistor 302.
  • Diode 14 is connected across the collector-emitter path of transistor 302.
  • Primary winding 5181 of feedback current transformer (CT) 518 is formed between the secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206, and load 12.
  • CT feedback current transformer
  • Transistor 302 is in a slight conductive state by a base current fed from a start-up circuit (not shown). A slight current in turn flows through the primary winding 2061 of output transformer 206, so that a load current flows through the secondary winding 2062. This load current is detected by CT 518, and is fed back to the base of transistor 302. Transistor 302 is swiftly turned on through a route including the base of transistor 302, the emitter, capacitor 522 (FET 516 - capacitor 520), CT 518, and the base. The capacitors 520 and 522 are charged by the base current, which turns on transistor 302. Therefore, when transistor 302 is turned on, the base current gradually decreases.
  • transistor 302 rapidly turns off.
  • voltage resonance circuit 201 (including the primary winding 2061 of output transformer 206 and capacitor 204) resonates to induce an AC voltage in the secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206.
  • the load current is inverted in polarity, and then its polarity is returned to the original polarity.
  • the voltage at the base of transistor 302 is positive in polarity, and the transistor 302 is turned on again through the positive feedback loop.
  • the inverter continuously oscillates the aid of the positive feedback loop and the voltage resonance.
  • the capacitor 404 of voltage detector 401 is charged at the voltage Vp based on the peak value of the collector voltage of transistor 302.
  • the voltage Vp is divided by resistors 406 and 408 at dividing ratio 1/n, and is applied to the base of transistor 508.
  • the emitter of transistor 508 has been biased at reference voltage Vref as the voltage across Zener diode 514. If voltage Vp is greater than "n" times a voltage difference between reference voltage Vref and voltage V BE across the base-emitter path of transistor 508 ( Vp > (Vref - V BE ) ⁇ n ), transistor 508 is turned off and FET 516 is in turn turned off.
  • capacitor 520 is disconnected an substantially only capacitor 522 is connected to the base of transistor 302. If voltage Vp is smaller than ( (Vref - V BE ) ⁇ n ), transistor 508 is active or in a conductive state. Under this condition, FET 516 functions as a variable impedance, and its impedance varies depending on the collector voltage of transistor 508.
  • the off period of transistor 302 as switching element 301 is determined by the resonance of resonance circuit 201, and is fixed.
  • the on period of transistor 302 is determined by the base current of transistor 302, which flows into capacitors 520 and 522.
  • the base current of transistor 302 is determined depending on capacitors 520 and 522, and impedance of FET 516, which are connected in series with the base of the transistor 302, through the primary winding 5181 of CT 518. Accordingly, an oscillating frequency (f1) of the inverter is variable by varying the impedance of FET 516.
  • the separately excited and self-excited inverters according to the first and second embodiments are each able to absorb a surge voltage applied to the power source voltage.
  • the surge voltage comes in, and it is applied to transistor 302
  • the surge is by-passed through the series circuit including diode 402 and capacitor 404.
  • a steep surge is by-passed by the series circuit of diode 402 and capacitor 404, so that the peak value of the collector voltage of transistor 302 is limited.
  • a gentle surge is also by-passed by the series circuit of diode 402 and capacitor 404, and if it is not completely by-passed, the remaining surge is absorbed through the above stabilizing operation. Therefore, the voltage applied across the collector-emitter path of transistor 302 can be limited.
  • the inverters are capable of preventing transistor 302 from being applied with an overvoltage, and protecting it against degradation and breakdown.
  • the ordinary inverter of this type is provided with an output transformer whose primary winding provides an inductance component in the voltage resonator.
  • the transformer provides an insulation between the primary and secondary sides.
  • the feedback loop may be formed by only the primary side of the output transformer. Therefore, there is no need for using an insulating means for the feedback loop.
  • Fig. 4 shows a circuit arrangement of a modification of the self-excited inverter of the second embodiment.
  • like reference symbols are used for designating like portions in Figs. 1 and 3.
  • a series circuit of diode 402 and capacitor 404 is connected across the collector-emitter path of transistor 302 of switching element 301.
  • Diode 402 is forwardly arranged with respect to transistor 302.
  • Capacitor 404 is connected in parallel with a series circuit of resistors 406 and 408 and varistor 410 such as a ceramic varistor.
  • a connection point of resistors 406 and 408 is connected to the base of transistor 508 in control circuit 502.
  • inverter using ceramic varistor 410 when a surge is superposed on the power source voltage, it serves as a pure varistor to absorb an over-voltage applied to transistor 302. In a stationary mode, it cooperates with capacitor 404 to serve as the peak detector. At this time, capacitor 404 is charged up to a peak value of the collector voltage of transistor 302.
  • the other operation of the present embodiment is similar to that of the second embodiment, and hence no further description will be given.
  • Fig. 5 shows a circuit arrangement of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the output transformer is a normal transformer, not the leakage type transformer.
  • like reference symbols designate like or equivalent portions in Figs. 1 and 3, and the construction and a basic operation of the fourth embodiment will not be described, for simplicity.
  • control circuit 503 includes transistor 508 whose base is connected to a node between resistors 406 and 408.
  • the emitter and controller of transistor 508 are connected through resistors 510 and 512 to the positive and negative terminals of DC power source 102, respectively.
  • Zener diode 514 as a reference voltage source is inserted, with its cathode connecting to the emitter of transistor 508.
  • the collector of transistor 508 is connected to the gate of FET 516, and the source of FET 516 is connected to the negative terminal of DC power source 102.
  • Control circuit 503 also contains feedback winding 524 of the current feedback type, which is magnetically coupled with the primary winding of the output transformer 206.
  • One end of that winding is connected to the base of transistor 302, and to the first ends of capacitors 520 and 522 for frequency control.
  • the second end of capacitor 520 is coupled with the drain of FET 516, and the second end of capacitor 522, with the emitter of transistor 302.
  • a series circuit substantially consisting of die 526 and resistor 528 is coupled between the base and emitter of transistor 302, with the cathode connecting to the base.
  • Diode 14 is connected between the collector and emitter of the same.
  • ballast 16 is inserted in a series circuit including the secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206 and load 12.
  • DC power source 102 is turned on, and transistor 302 is turned on.
  • the primary winding 2061 of output transformer 206 is slightly driven, so that a load current flows through secondary winding 2062.
  • the base current flows from the transistor 302 into capacitors 520 and 522 to charge these capacitors.
  • capacitors 520 and 522 are discharged and the current flows into transformer 524, through resistor 528 and diode 526.
  • the resonance operation of voltage resonance circuit 202 causes an AC voltage to induce in the secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206.
  • the polarity of the load current is inversed, and then is reversed.
  • transistor 302 is turned on again by the positive voltage applied to the base. In this way, the inverter oscillates.
  • Fig. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which a ballast with a feedback winding is used in the load side of the circuit.
  • like reference symbols designate like or equivalent portions in Figs. 1, 3 through 5, and the construction and a basic operation of the fifth embodiment will not be described, for simplicity.
  • transformer 524 in control circuit 503 shown in Fig. 5 is replaced by the ballast with a feedback winding.
  • One end of the secondary winding 5302 of ballast 530 with a feedback winding is connected to the base of transistor 302, and the other end to one end of capacitor 522 for frequency control.
  • the primary winding 5301 is inserted in a series circuit of the secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206 and load 12. The remaining circuit arrangement is substantially the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and hence no further description will be given.
  • the inverter operates like the second embodiment.
  • a positive feedback loop is routed from the base of transistor 302, through the emitter, capacitor 522 (FET 516 - capacitor 520), and ballast 530, to the base.
  • current flows from transistor 302 to capacitors 520 and 522 to charge these capacitors.
  • capacitors 520 and 522 are discharged and current flows through resistor 528 and diode 526, and into the secondary winding 5302 of ballast 530.
  • voltage resonance circuit 202 resonates to induce an AC voltage in the secondary winding 2062 of transformer 206.
  • the load current is inverted in polarity and its polarity is returned to the original one.
  • the voltage applied to the base of transistor 302 becomes positive in polarity again, and the transistor 302 is turned on. In this way, the inverter of this embodiment oscillates.
  • resistor may be used for the capacitor.
  • control circuit 505 uses transistor 508 for an error detector.
  • the base of the transistor 508 is connected to a node between resistors 406 and 408.
  • the emitter of transistor 508 is connected through resistor 510 to the positive terminal of DC power source 102, the collector of transistor 508, to the base of transistor 534 via resistor 532.
  • a Zener diode 514 as a reference voltage source is placed with the cathode connecting to the emitter of transistor 508.
  • Transistor 508 is connected at the collector to the negative terminal of DC power source 102.
  • Diode 536, and resistors 538 and 540 are connected in series between the base and emitter of that transistor, as shown.
  • Diode 542 is forwardly connected between the connection point of resistors 538 and 540 and the base of transistor 302.
  • Control circuit 505 further includes ballast 530 with a feedback winding.
  • Ballast 530 is connected at one end of its secondary winding 5302 with the base of transistor 302, and at the other end of its secondary winding 5302 with one end of capacitor 544.
  • the other end of capacitor 544 is connected to the collector of transistor 534.
  • Diode 14 is connected between the collector and emitter of transistor 302.
  • a series circuit of the secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206 and load 12 contains the primary winding 5301 of ballast 530.
  • the remaining circuit arrangement of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the fifth embodiment, and further description of it will be omitted.
  • capacitor 544 is charged by the base current, and at the termination of charging the capacitor, the base current of transistor 302 decreases to zero and the transistor is turned off.
  • the discharge current flows out of capacitor 544, and goes through the collector and emitter of transistor 534, and resistor 540 and diode 542, and reaches the secondary winding 5302 of ballast 530.
  • the resonating operation of voltage resonance circuit 202 induces an AC voltage in the secondary winding 2062 of output transformer 206.
  • the induction of the AC voltage inverts the polarity of the load current, and returns it to the original one. In turn, the voltage applied to the base becomes positive in polarity, and it turns on transistor 302 again.
  • the frequency control is based on a discharge time constant of capacitor 544.
  • a potential applied to the resistors 406 and 408 of voltage detector 401 varies with the collector-emitter voltage of transistor 302.
  • a conduction state of transistor 508 changes, and the collector current of transistor 508 changes.
  • a current flowing into diode 536 and resistor 538 also changes. Consequently, a base potential of transistor 534 also changes.
  • an equivalent resistance of transistor 534 is large, an amount of discharge from capacitor 544 is lessened during the off period of transistor 302, and an amount of base current flowing during the on period of transistor 302 decreases. Conversely, if it is small, the base current increases.
  • the on period of transistor 302 is determined by an amount (period) of the base current of transistor 302, and the base current is determined by transistor 534 and resistor 540, as described above. Accordingly, an oscillating frequency of the inverter may be varied by varying the impedance of transistor 534.
  • Fig. 8 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which the ballast with a feedback winding in the fifth embodiment is replaced by a feedback current transformer of the saturable type.
  • like reference symbols designate like or equivalent portions in Figs. 1, 3 through 7, and the construction and a common operation of the fourth embodiment will not be described, for simplicity.
  • Control circuit 506 in Fig 8 uses a feedback current transformer (CT) of the saturable type in place of the ballast 530 in the control circuit of the fifth embodiment.
  • Saturable type CT 546 for causing transistor 302 to oscillate in a self-excited mode is so arranged that the secondary winding 5462 of CT 546 is connected at one end to the base of transistor 302, and at the other end to one end of capacitor 522 for frequency control.
  • Diode 548 is coupled across the secondary winding 5462 of CT 546, with its cathode connecting to the base of transistor 302.
  • output transformer 202 of the leakage type is used in place of output transformer 206.
  • Capacitor 204 is connected across the primary winding 2021.
  • a series circuit of the secondary winding 2022 of output transformer 202 of the leakage type, load (discharge lamp) 12, and start-up capacitor 550 contains the primary winding 5461 of saturable type CT 546.
  • Start-up capacitor 550 resonates mainly with a leakage inductance of output transformer 202, before discharge lamp (load) 12 lights on. A high voltage is generated by the resonance, and lights on the discharge lamp. After the lamp lights on, an equivalent resistance is inserted in the resonance circuit of capacitor 550 and transformer 202, and therefore, the resonating operation is stopped. Further, before the lamp lights on, a current enough to preheat the filament is fed, and it is limited to a proper value after the lamp lights on.
  • Start-up resistor 552 is connected to the base of transistor 302 and the positive terminal of DC power source 102.
  • Frequency control capacitor 522 is couples in parallel with diode 554 whose polarity is arranged with respect to the capacitor, as shown.
  • the remaining circuit arrangement is substantially the same as that of the fifth embodiment, and hence no further description will be given.
  • FIG. 9 An eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 9.
  • the present embodiment is equivalent to a case that the ballast with a feedback winding in the Fig. 7 embodiment is substituted by a feedback current transformer of the saturable type.
  • like reference symbols designate like or equivalent portions in Figs. 1, 3 through 8, and the construction and a basic operation of the fourth embodiment will not be described, for simplicity.
  • a feedback current transformer (CT) of the saturable type is used in place of the ballast in the Fig. 7 control circuit.
  • Saturable type CT 546 is arranged such that the secondary winding 5462 is connected at one end to the base of transistor 302, and at the other end to one end of capacitor 544 for frequency control.
  • Diode 548 is connected across the secondary winding 5462 of CT 546, with its cathode connecting to the base of transistor 302.
  • Output transformer 202 is of the leakage type, with its primary winding 2021 coupled across capacitor 204.
  • a series circuit of the secondary winding 2022 of output transformer and load 12 contains the primary winding 5461 of CT 546.

Landscapes

  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Wechselrichter mit der Fähigkeit zur Steuerung einer Arbeitsfrequenz, welcher folgendes umfaßt:
    - eine Einrichtung zur Lieferung einer Gleichspannung;
    - eine parallele Spannungsresonanzschaltung mit einem Induktor und einem Resonanzkondensator, wobei der Induktor und der Resonanzkondensator mit einem Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung gekoppelt sind; und
    - eine Schalteinrichtung zum Schalten der Spannung von der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung, wobei die Schalteinrichtung und die parallele Spannungsresonanzschaltung miteinander in Reihe geschaltet und mit dem anderen Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung gekoppelt sind;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er des weiterhin umfaßt:
    - eine Spannungsdetektoreinrichtung (40₁) zur Erkennung einer an die Schalteinrichtung (30₁) angelegten Spannung; und
    - eine Steuerungseinrichtung (50₁) zur Steuerung einer Schaltfrequenz der Schalteinrichtung (30₁) auf Basis des Ergebnisses eines Vergleichs zwischen dem von der Spannungsdetektoreinrichtung (40₁) erkannten Spannungswert und einer vorgegebenen Referenzspannung.
  2. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerungseinrichtung (50₁) eine Vergleichseinrichtung zum Vergleich der von der Spannungsdetektoreinrichtung (40₁) erkannten Spannung und eine Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung zur Steuerung eines an die Schalteinrichtung (30₁) entsprechend dem Vergleichsergebnis der Vergleichseinrichtung zu legenden Schaltsignals enthält.
  3. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spannungsdetektoreinrichtung (40₁) eine Reihenschaltung enthält, welche eine Diode (402) und einen Kondensator (404) umfaßt, wobei die Reihenschaltung parallel mit der Schalteinrichtung (30₁) gekoppelt ist und eine Spannung über den geladenen Kondensator erkannt bzw. erfaßt wird.
  4. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schalteinrichtung (30₁) einen Schalttransistor (302) enthält.
  5. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spannungsdetektoreinrichtung (40₁) des weiteren über den Detektorkondensator (404) gekoppelte Widerstände (406, 408) zur Spannungsteilung enthält und die Vergleichseinrichtung die geteilte Spannung und die Referenzspannung vergleicht.
  6. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vergleichseinrichtung über einen Fehlerverstärker (504) und die Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung über einen spannungsgesteuerten Generator (506) verfügt.
  7. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vergleichseinrichtung (504) einen Vergleichstransistor (508) enthält, von welchem eine Basis mit einem Knoten zwischen den Spannungsteilungswiderständen (406, 408), ein Emitter und ein Kollektor Jeweils mit beiden Enden der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) und eine Zener-Diode (514) in Sperrichtung zwischen dem Emitter und dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) gekoppelt sind, wobei die Zener-Diode (514) die Referenzspannung bereitstellt und die Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung einen Rückkopplungs-Stromwandler (518), dessen sekundäre Wicklung (518₂) an einem ersten Ende mit der Basis des Schalttransistors (302) gekoppelt ist, sowie eine zwischen dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) und dem zweiten Ende des Vergleichstransistors (508) eingeschaltete Frequenzänderungseinrichtung enthält.
  8. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenzänderungseinrichtung einen ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (520), ein Element variabler Impedanz eines Feldeffekttransistors (516), von welchem ein Gate mit dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508), ein Drain mit einem ersten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und eine Source mit dem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) gekoppelt ist, und einen zweiten mit dem zweiten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und der Source des Feldeffekttransistors (516) gekoppelten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (522) enthält.
  9. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vergleichseinrichtung einen Vergleichstransistor (508) enthält, von welchem eine Basis mit einem Knoten zwischen den Spannungsteilungswiderständen (406, 408), ein Emitter und ein Kollektor Jeweils mit beiden Enden der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) und eine Zener-Diode (514) in Sperrichtung zwischen dem Emitter und dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) gekoppelt sind, wobei die Zener-Diode (514) die Referenzspannung bereitstellt und die Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung eine Rückkopplungswicklung (524), welche magnetisch an einem ersten Ende mit der Basis des Schalttransistors (302) gekoppelt ist, sowie eine zwischen dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) und dem zweiten Ende der Rückkopplungswicklung (524) eingeschaltete Frequenzänderungseinrichtung und eine zwischen der Basis und dem Emitter des Schalttransistors (302) eingeschaltete Rückkopplungs-Reihenschaltung enthält, wobei die Reihenschaltung einen Widerstand und eine in Sperrichtung bezüglich der Polarität des Schalttransistors (302) gerichtete Diode (526) umfaßt.
  10. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenzänderungseinrichtung einen ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (520), ein Element variabler Impedanz eines Feldeffekttransistors (516), von welchem ein Gate mit dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508), ein Drain mit einem ersten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und eine Source mit dem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) gekoppelt ist, und einen zweiten mit dem zweiten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und der Source des Feldeffekttransistors (302) gekoppelten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (522) enthält.
  11. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vergleichseinrichtung einen Vergleichstransistor (508) enthält, von welchem eine Basis mit einem Knoten zwischen den Spannungsteilungswiderständen (406, 408), ein Emitter und ein Kollektor Jeweils mit beiden Enden der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) und eine Zener-Diode (514) in Sperrichtung zwischen dem Emitter und dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) gekoppelt sind, wobei die Zener-Diode (514) die Referenzspannung bereitstellt und die Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung eine sekundäre Wicklung (530₂) eines Ballasts (530) mit einer Rückkopplungswicklung enthält, und die sekundäre Wicklung (530₂) an einem ersten Ende mit der Basis des Schalttransistors (302) gekoppelt ist, des weiteren eine zwischen dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) und der sekundären Wicklung (530₂) des Ballasts (530) und dem zweiten Ende des Vergleichstransistors (508) eingeschaltete Frequenzänderungseinrichtung sowie eine zwischen der Basis und dem Emitter des Schalttransistors (302) eingeschaltete Rückkopplungs-Reihenschaltung, wobei die Reihenschaltung einen Widerstand (528) und eine in Sperrichtung bezüglich der Polarität des Schalttransistors (302) gerichtete Diode (526) umfaßt.
  12. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenzänderungseinrichtung einen ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (520), ein Element variabler Impedanz eines Feldeffekttransistors (516), von welchem ein Gate mit dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508), ein Drain mit einem ersten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und eine Source mit dem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) gekoppelt ist, und einen zweiten mit dem zweiten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und der Source des Feldeffekttransistors (516) gekoppelten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (522) enthält.
  13. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vergleichseinrichtung einen Vergleichstransistor enthält, von welchem eine Basis mit einem Knoten zwischen den Spannungsteilungswiderständen (406, 408), ein Emitter und ein Kollektor Jeweils mit einem ersten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) und einem vorgegebenen Übergangspunkt und eine Zener-Diode (514) in Sperrichtung zwischen dem Emitter und dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) gekoppelt sind, wobei die Zener-Diode (514) die Referenzspannung bereitstellt und die Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung eine sekundäre Wicklung (530₂) eines Ballasts (530) mit einer Rückkopplungswicklung enthält und die sekundäre Wicklung (530₂) an einem ersten Ende mit der Basis des Schalttransistors (302) gekoppelt ist sowie weiterhin eine Frequenzänderungseinrichtung, welche zwischen einem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁), dem Funktionspunkt und der sekundären Wicklung (530₂) des Ballasts (530) eingeschaltet ist.
  14. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenzänderungseinrichtung einen Steuertransistor (534), dessen Basis mit dem Funktionspunkt und dessen Kollektor mit der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) gekoppelt ist, einen Steuertransistor (538) und eine zwischen Basis und Emitter des Steuertransistors (534) eingeschaltete Diode (536), eine zwischen dem Steuerwiderstand (538) und dem ersten Ende der sekundären Wicklung (530₂) des Ballasts (530) einschaltete Rückkopplungsdiode (542) und einen zwischen dem zweiten Ende der sekundären Wicklung (530₂) des Ballasts (530) und dem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) eingeschalteten Frequenzsteuerungskondensator enthält.
  15. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vergleichseinrichtung einen Vergleichstransistor (508) enthält, von welchem eine Basis mit einem Knoten zwischen den Spannungsteilungswiderständen (406, 408), ein Emitter und ein Kollektor Jeweils mit beiden Enden der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) und eine Zener-Diode (514) in Sperrichtung zwischen dem Emitter und dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) gekoppelt sind, wobei die Zener-Diode (514) die Referenzspannung bereitstellt und die Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung eine sekundäre Wicklung (546₂) eines sättigbaren Rückkopplungsstromwandlers (546), welcher an einem Ende mit der Basis des Schalttransistors (302) gekoppelt ist, eine parallel zur sekundären Wicklung (546₂) des sättigbaren Rückkopplungsstromwandler (546) geschaltete Diode (548), eine zwischen dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) und dem zweiten Ende der sekundären Wicklung (546₂) des Transformators (546) eingeschaltete Frequenzänderungseinrichtung, und eine zwischen der Basis und dem Emitter des Schalttransistors (302) eingeschaltete Rückkopplungsreihenschaltung enthält, wobei die Reihenschaltung einen Widerstand (528) und eine in Sperrichtung bezüglich der Polarität des Schalttransistors (302) gerichtete Diode (526) umfaßt.
  16. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenzänderungseinrichtung einen ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (520), ein Element variabler Impedanz eines Feldeffekttransistors (516), von welchem ein Gate mit dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508), ein Drain mit einem ersten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und eine Source mit dem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) gekoppelt ist, und einen zweiten mit dem zweiten Ende des ersten frequenzsteuernden Kondensators (520) und der Source des Feldeffekttransistors (516) gekoppelten frequenzsteuernden Kondensator (522) enthält.
  17. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vergleichseinrichtung einen Vergleichstransistor (508) enthält, von welchem eine Basis mit einem Knoten zwischen den Spannungsteilungswiderständen (406, 408), ein Emitter und ein Kollektor Jeweils mit einem ersten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) und eine Zener-Diode (514) in Sperrichtung zwischen dem Emitter und dem Kollektor des Vergleichstransistors (508) gekoppelt sind, wobei die Zener-Diode (514) die Referenzspannung bereitstellt und die Frequenzsteuerungseinrichtung eine sekundäre Wicklung (546₂) eines sättigbaren Rückkopplungsstromwandlers (546), welcher an einem ersten Ende mit der Basis des Schalttransistors (302) gekoppelt ist, eine parallel zur sekundären Wicklung (546₂) des sättigbaren Rückkopplungsstromwandler (546) geschaltete Diode (548) und eine zwischen einem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁), dem Funktionspunkt und der sekundären Wicklung (546₂) der Wandlers (546) eingeschaltete Frequenzänderungseinrichtung enthält.
  18. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenzänderungseinrichtung einen Steuertransistor (534), dessen Basis mit dem Funktionspunkt und dessen Kollektor mit der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) gekoppelt ist, einen Steuertransistor (538) und eine zwischen Basis und Emitter des Steuertransistors (534) eingeschaltete Diode (536), eine zwischen dem Steuerwiderstand (538) und dem ersten Ende der sekundären Wicklung (546₂) des Wandlers (546) einschaltete Rückkopplungsdiode (542) und einen zwischen dem zweiten Ende der sekundären Wicklung (546₂) des Wandlers (546) und dem zweiten Ende der Gleichspannungsversorgungseinrichtung (10₁) eingeschalteten Frequenzsteuerungskondensator (544) enthält.
  19. Wechselrichter gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er des weiteren einen parallel zum Detektorkondensator (404) geschalteten Keramikvaristor (410) zur Absorption einer Stoßspannung umfaßt.
EP19890105131 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter Expired - Lifetime EP0388492B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1989612764 DE68912764T2 (de) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter.
EP19890105131 EP0388492B1 (de) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19890105131 EP0388492B1 (de) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0388492A1 EP0388492A1 (de) 1990-09-26
EP0388492B1 true EP0388492B1 (de) 1994-01-26

Family

ID=8201125

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890105131 Expired - Lifetime EP0388492B1 (de) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0388492B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68912764T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2780177B2 (ja) * 1988-09-13 1998-07-30 東芝ライテック株式会社 放電灯点灯装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2503954A1 (fr) * 1981-04-09 1982-10-15 Sefli Procede de decoupage essentiellement sinusoidal d'une tension continue avec regulation et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
DE3303374A1 (de) * 1983-02-02 1984-08-02 Rheintechnik Weiland & Kaspar Kg, 6680 Neunkirchen Stromversorgungsschaltung fuer leuchtstoffroehren
DE3315481A1 (de) * 1983-04-28 1984-10-31 Innovatron Krauss & Co., Feldbrunnen-St. Niklaus, Solothurn Leuchtvorrichtung mit einem oszillator, einer leistungsstufe und einer gasentladungslampe sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer gasentladungslampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68912764D1 (de) 1994-03-10
DE68912764T2 (de) 1994-05-11
EP0388492A1 (de) 1990-09-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4992702A (en) Inverter capable of controlling operating frequency
US5428521A (en) Non-contact power supply apparatus
JP3707436B2 (ja) スイッチング電源装置
JPS5936151Y2 (ja) 電源回路
US5082998A (en) Switching power supply for microwave oven
JP2793836B2 (ja) 照明負荷制御装置
US6016259A (en) Power supply circuit
EP0388492B1 (de) Arbeitsfrequenzbestimmender Wechselrichter
US5036254A (en) Inverter having a broad output-control range
US4961029A (en) Discharge lamp lighting device
JPH0221230B2 (de)
JPH0315423B2 (de)
JP2938241B2 (ja) 高圧電源回路
JP3285161B2 (ja) インバータ装置
JPH077943A (ja) スイッチング電源装置
JPH0713431Y2 (ja) 電源回路
JP2831062B2 (ja) インバータ装置
JP3268672B2 (ja) インバータ駆動回路
JP2721523B2 (ja) インバータ回路
JPH0729751Y2 (ja) インバ−タ装置
JP2697815B2 (ja) インバータ装置
JPH08149851A (ja) 圧電トランス駆動装置
JPH081834B2 (ja) 放電灯点灯装置
JPH0594892A (ja) 電源装置
JPS62285674A (ja) 電力変換装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19890419

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930415

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19940218

Year of fee payment: 6

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 68912764

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940310

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940328

Year of fee payment: 6

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19950315

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19951130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19951201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19960322

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19960322