EP0375506A1 - Halbstarre Kabel für Mikrowellenübertragung - Google Patents

Halbstarre Kabel für Mikrowellenübertragung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0375506A1
EP0375506A1 EP89403439A EP89403439A EP0375506A1 EP 0375506 A1 EP0375506 A1 EP 0375506A1 EP 89403439 A EP89403439 A EP 89403439A EP 89403439 A EP89403439 A EP 89403439A EP 0375506 A1 EP0375506 A1 EP 0375506A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dielectric
width
line
semi
conductors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89403439A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0375506B1 (de
Inventor
André Champeau
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
    • H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
    • H01P3/085—Triplate lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a semi-rigid cable intended for the transmission of microwave waves, such as waves used for example in radars or for cable broadcasting of television, in particular high definition digital television.
  • the radar antennas that are tending more and more to be produced today are active antennas sampled on the surface, and therefore consist of a very large number of elementary modules, active and radiating, each of these modules comprising a transmitter and a own elementary receiver.
  • a radar antenna of this type the dimensions of which, in width and in height, are generally several meters each, can comprise up to several thousand of these elementary transceiver modules.
  • the signals picked up by these elementary receivers must also be able to be routed back to the processing installation, whether of analog or digital type.
  • Cables satisfying such constraints may also be required in the future to equip high definition digital television broadcasting networks.
  • the necessary bandwidths will be so high that it is to be expected to encounter great difficulties in finding sufficient radio channels without causing interference: it might therefore be necessary to fall back on a cable broadcast, if we wants to be able to obtain a satisfactory quality for the signals received by the users, as well as a sufficient broadcasting radius.
  • the most common microwave cable is the coaxial cable with braided metal sheath.
  • This kind of cable is only free from crosstalk if it is double sheathed. It therefore comprises a central conductor with circular section, surrounded by a dielectric itself surrounded by two superimposed braided metal sheaths, with a conventional high density braid, the assembly being of course encased in an insulating external sheath, capable of ensuring mechanical protection and sealing.
  • These conventional cables are not, however, perfectly suited, mainly because of contact noises, called “braid noises", which tend to appear in the two superimposed braids.
  • These braid noises which occur in particular during vibrations or other movements of the cable, are detrimental to the good transmlsslon of microwave waves.
  • the quality of the contacts between the two braided sleeves changes over time, especially in cable ends.
  • the known solution which is currently the most satisfactory from the performance point of view, consists in using semi-rigid coaxial cables which consist of a solid metallic central core surrounded by a dielectric, which is generally a dielectric with low losses such as polyethylene or PTFE, itself being coated with an external conductor of solid copper.
  • this cable is very expensive and it can only be produced on an industrial scale for limited lengths. It therefore lends itself poorly to the aforementioned applications, where it is necessary to install very large amounts of cable length. It also has the drawback of using fairly expensive connectors at each end. Finally, it does not lend itself well to the multiple transmission of auxiliary service signals (telephone channels, test report signals on distant equipment, etc.).
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • this cable comprising at least: . a solid central conductor, which can be a conventional conductor with circular section, but which is preferably constituted by a metallic strip; . a dielectric which coats this central conductor; the section of this dielectric has a general quasi-rectangular shape, with two large flat outer faces and placed symmetrically and on either side of the central conductor so as to form the dielectric part of a line of the triplate type; .
  • two outer conductive layers consisting of continuous metallic ribbons respectively covering at least the major part in width of each of the two large flat faces of the quasi-rectangular section of the dielectric, so as to constitute a triplate line with the central conductor and the dielectric; and . at least one metal shielding sheath surrounding this triplate line.
  • each of the outer conductive layers of metallic strip of the triplate line is generally several times greater, and preferably of the order of three times greater, that is to say the spacing between these two outer planar conductors (i.e. i.e. the thickness of the dielectric), or the width of the central conductor (taken in the median plane of the triplate line, parallel to these plane conductors) in the case where this width is greater than the aforementioned spacing between the conductors exterior shots.
  • the thickness of the dielectric is of course chosen so that the triplate line has the desired characteristic impedance.
  • the thickness of the dielectric is of the same order of magnitude as the width of the central conductor taken in the median plane of the triplate line, that is to say the central plane parallel to the outer planar conductors of this triplate line.
  • this thickness of the dielectric is chosen to be substantially equal to this width of the central conductor.
  • the aforementioned shielding sheath practically directly covers the three-plate line.
  • the dielectric is advantageously of greater width (preferably slightly greater) than that of the two flat outer conductors of the triplate line, and the edges of the rectangle which constitutes the section of this dielectric are rounded in the part of this rectangle which is external to these planar conductors, so as to conform to the shape of the shielding sheath.
  • this microwave cable further comprises, between the triplate line and the aforementioned shielding sheath, a sheath made of material absorbing for microwave waves in the spectrum of use of the cable where higher modes can spread there.
  • the outer section of this absorbent sheath preferably has an elliptical shape, the major axis of the ellipse being substantially coincident with the median plane of the triplate line, which is parallel to the two outer plane conductors of this line.
  • this semi-rigid cable for microwave contains, in this first embodiment: .
  • These two bands 2, 3 are identical and they are shaped so that, placed one on the other as shown, they tightly and symmetrically enclose the central conductor 1, thus forming a dielectric whose section has the general appearance of a rectangle with rounded edge.
  • the total thickness e of the dielectric 1, 2 thus formed is chosen here substantially equal to the width a of the strip 1, this thickness e (and therefore the width a) being that necessary to form a three-ply line of desired characteristic impedance.
  • the edges 4 of the rectangle forming the section of the dielectric are rounded as shown. .
  • Two identical outer conductive layers 5, 6, each consisting of a metallic strip and a good conductor. Each of these ribbons has one of the flat outer faces of the dielectric 2, 3 and is therefore parallel to the plane X containing the central ribbon 1.
  • the two ribbons 5, 6 typically have a width L1 equal to or greater than three times the width a of the ribbon central 1, and they constitute with the latter and with the dielectric 2, 3 a triple line of desired characteristic impedance.
  • the flat outer faces of the two dielectric strips 2, 3 have the same width L1 as these strips 5, 6, the latter therefore ending, in the transverse direction, at the birth of the rounded 4 of the external angles of the "rectangle" which forms the cross section of the dielectric 2, 3. .
  • this sheath 7 consists of a conventional metallic braid; it could just as easily be made up of a continuous metallic ribbon folded in the longitudinal direction around the aforementioned triplate line, and closed by crimping.
  • a conventional external mechanical protection sheath 8 made of flexible plastic, capable of sealing the cable and protecting it against shocks or other external aggressions. This sheath coats the shielding sheath 7.
  • this cable is capable of propagating a microwave wave according to the first guided mode, which is the electro-magnetic transverse mode represented by the arrows in FIG. 2.
  • the two electric field vectors E1, E2 are only truly equal and opposite only at a sufficient distance from the center line 1: it is only at this distance that we can be sure that they cancel each other out and do not therefore generate an electric field leak out of the triple line. This is why the width L1 of the outer strips 5, 6 is chosen to be much greater than the width a of the central strip 1.
  • This frequency is given by the formula: in which c is the speed of light, ⁇ r is the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric material, and L2 is the maximum width of the dielectric strips.
  • this parasitic mode introduces intolerable disturbances, so that the bandwidth of the cable of FIG. 1 is practically limited in value by this frequency F. This is why the width L2 should not be chosen too large either, so as not to reduce the width of this bandwidth too much: the value L1 ⁇ 3 a was chosen in this example of execution.
  • the value of L1 can be chosen equal to 3 times the greater of the two values a and e.
  • the outer shielding sheath 7 does not participate in the propagation of the radio wave, as is the case for cables of the prior art - It is an ordinary shielding sheath which has the function of increasing the radioelectric sealing performance of the cable with respect to crosstalk and interference: it creates a final barrier to radiation towards the outside, and it is used for the rejection of signals coming from the outside.
  • This sheath can be imprecise in its realization, because it does not participate in the definition of the characteristic impedance of the line, and that it is not likely to contribute to the generation of amplitude and phase. It can therefore be a cheap sheath.
  • the rounded edges 4 of the dielectric plates 2, 3 are intended to accommodate the mechanical constraints of producing the shielding sheath 7. It would indeed be difficult to obtain a metal shielding which is shaped around a rod to rectangular section with sharp corners: the role of rounding 4 is to avoid this difficulty, and therefore to allow easy installation of a metal shield having rounded edges, and therefore without sharp corners.
  • the cable which has just been described can be produced at very low cost, using continuous drawing and extrusion techniques.
  • the two above-mentioned field vectors E1 and E2 may each have a slightly different amplitude, and they may then give rise to a small field component of absolute value (E1 - E2), which tends to flee towards outside. This component can give rise to a propagation by parasitic mode for the frequencies higher than the frequency F defined above and leading to absorptions by resonances.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 represent a second embodiment of this cable, more sophisticated and therefore more expensive, which has the advantage of overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks of the cable of FIG. 1.
  • This cable is therefore with a wider band than the previous one, and its absorption of the small leakage component in the event of asymmetry is much more satisfactory. It can also fulfill a function of absorbing harmonics filter at frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency F of the first parasitic propagation mode.
  • This second cable differs from the previous essentially by the fact that it comprises, between the triplate line (1, 2, 3, 5, 6) and the metal shielding sheath 7 (which is shown in this case, by way of illustration, as a conventional sheath consisting of a metal band wound on a lathe around its longltudinal axis and set in 10), a relatively thick additional sheath 9, made of material absorbing for microwave waves in the whole spectrum of frequencies above the frequency of breaking of the first parasitic mode which can propagate in the cable.
  • the material used for the sheath 9 is for example a rubber loaded with graphite, or a rubber loaded with finely divided metal oxide particles. It is in any case constituted by a very bad dielectric material.
  • This absorbent sheath 9 can advantageously be obtained by extrusion of a charged plastic or by helical wrapping of such a plastic. Its external shape is preferably elliptical as shown, the major axis of the ellipse then being merged with the median plane X of the triplate line, which contains the central conductor 1.
  • the useful volume of the absorbent sheath 9 is indeed located around the two edges of the triplate line and, for a matter of economy of material and less weight, it is advisable to adopt, for the section of the sheath 9, a solution for which the maximum of absorbent material is located around the lips of the outer conductors 5 and 6.
  • a rounded shape is desirable to allow easy production of the shielding sheath 7.
  • the suitable elliptical shape meets these requirements, and has the advantage of being a simple shape, which closes progressive and continuous manner, and which makes the sheath 9 easy to manufacture by drawing or extrusion.
  • Such a cable structure allows: - to obtain noise and stability characteristics as good as those of semi-rigid coaxial cables with closed solid external conductor, which themselves do not lend themselves to the continuous wiring; - to obtain radioelectric sealing characteristics as good or better than that of coaxial cables with double braided outer conductive sheath; - to have a good mechanical and radioelectric adaptation to the plane terminal structures, for example of the triplate, microstrip and printed circuit type; - to use a production method in automated continuous process, allowing the realization of very long lengths as well as reduced costs; - to operate a relatively large number of separate auxiliary, service or other channels, for signals of different natures and frequencies, for example, in the case of the cable according to FIG. 3: .
  • the invention is not limited to the two exemplary embodiments which have just been described, and the cable is capable of being produced in other equivalent forms, but always comprising a three-plate line shaped to have no leakage from the field of the fundamental mode to the outside and at least one ordinary shielding surrounding this triplate line.
  • the flat ribbon constituting the central conductor with an ordinary conductor with cylindrical section.

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  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
EP89403439A 1988-12-20 1989-12-12 Halbstarre Kabel für Mikrowellenübertragung Expired - Lifetime EP0375506B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8816811A FR2640819B1 (fr) 1988-12-20 1988-12-20 Cable semi-rigide destine a la transmission des ondes hyperfrequence
FR8816811 1988-12-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0375506A1 true EP0375506A1 (de) 1990-06-27
EP0375506B1 EP0375506B1 (de) 1994-09-28

Family

ID=9373169

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89403439A Expired - Lifetime EP0375506B1 (de) 1988-12-20 1989-12-12 Halbstarre Kabel für Mikrowellenübertragung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5068632A (de)
EP (1) EP0375506B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68918569T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2640819B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2315916A (en) * 1996-07-31 1998-02-11 Hewlett Packard Co Signal distribution structure having a lossy insulator

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JP2763445B2 (ja) * 1992-04-03 1998-06-11 三菱電機株式会社 高周波信号用配線及びそのボンディング装置
US5574415A (en) * 1992-06-11 1996-11-12 Peterson; Robert K. Method of fabricating microwave interconnects and packaging and the interconnects and packaging
US5414211A (en) * 1992-12-21 1995-05-09 E-Systems, Inc. Device and method for shielding an electrically conductive cable from electromagnetic interference
US5426403A (en) * 1994-01-03 1995-06-20 Motorola, Inc. Printed circuit board transmission line component
US5885710A (en) * 1997-03-26 1999-03-23 Ericsson, Inc. Flexible strip transmission line
FR2766017B1 (fr) * 1997-07-08 1999-09-24 Thomson Csf Antenne reseau antibrouillee
US6492595B2 (en) 1997-10-01 2002-12-10 Decorp Americas, Inc. Flat surface-mounted multi-purpose wire
SE514406C2 (sv) * 1999-06-17 2001-02-19 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Elektrisk transmissionsanordning med korsande striplineledningar
US6501350B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2002-12-31 Electrolock, Inc. Flat radiating cable
US6545223B2 (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-04-08 George M. Baldock Cable
GB2382725A (en) * 2002-02-25 2003-06-04 Bookham Technology Plc Transmission line structure
JP3876770B2 (ja) * 2002-06-07 2007-02-07 日産自動車株式会社 配線構造
AU2012202608B2 (en) * 2003-09-05 2014-12-11 Newire, Inc. Electrical wire and method of fabricating the electrical wire
US7145073B2 (en) * 2003-09-05 2006-12-05 Southwire Company Electrical wire and method of fabricating the electrical wire
US7217884B2 (en) * 2004-03-02 2007-05-15 Southwire Company Electrical wire and method of fabricating the electrical wire
US8237051B2 (en) * 2003-09-05 2012-08-07 Newire, Inc. Flat wire extension cords and extension cord devices
CN1868095B (zh) * 2003-09-05 2010-06-16 尼威尔公司 电线及其制造方法
AU2015201287B2 (en) * 2003-09-05 2015-10-08 Newire, Inc. Electrical wire and method of fabricating the electrical wire
US7737359B2 (en) * 2003-09-05 2010-06-15 Newire Inc. Electrical wire and method of fabricating the electrical wire
US7314998B2 (en) * 2006-02-10 2008-01-01 Alan John Amato Coaxial cable jumper device
FR2916096B1 (fr) * 2007-05-11 2015-05-22 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Sous-ensemble de puissance d'un systeme micro-hybride pour vehicule automobile
US20110021069A1 (en) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 Yiping Hu Thin format crush resistant electrical cable
US9577305B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2017-02-21 Commscope Technologies Llc Low attenuation stripline RF transmission cable
US8894439B2 (en) * 2010-11-22 2014-11-25 Andrew Llc Capacitivly coupled flat conductor connector
US8876549B2 (en) * 2010-11-22 2014-11-04 Andrew Llc Capacitively coupled flat conductor connector
US9209510B2 (en) * 2011-08-12 2015-12-08 Commscope Technologies Llc Corrugated stripline RF transmission cable
US20130037301A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2013-02-14 Andrew Llc Multi-Conductor Stripline RF Transmission Cable
US20130038410A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2013-02-14 Andrew Llc Thermally Conductive Stripline RF Transmission Cable
US9419321B2 (en) * 2011-08-12 2016-08-16 Commscope Technologies Llc Self-supporting stripline RF transmission cable
JP5796256B2 (ja) * 2011-12-15 2015-10-21 ホシデン株式会社 フレキシブルフラットケーブル
JP6715411B2 (ja) * 2018-07-27 2020-07-01 株式会社テクノ・コア 信号伝送用フラットケーブル及びその製造方法

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GB1473655A (en) * 1974-11-15 1977-05-18 Post Office Dielectric waveguides

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GB798629A (en) * 1955-09-01 1958-07-23 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Electrical high frequency transmission line filter arrangements
US3534301A (en) * 1967-06-12 1970-10-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Temperature compensated integrated circuit type narrowband stripline filter
GB1473655A (en) * 1974-11-15 1977-05-18 Post Office Dielectric waveguides

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2315916A (en) * 1996-07-31 1998-02-11 Hewlett Packard Co Signal distribution structure having a lossy insulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2640819A1 (fr) 1990-06-22
FR2640819B1 (fr) 1991-05-31
US5068632A (en) 1991-11-26
DE68918569T2 (de) 1995-01-26
EP0375506B1 (de) 1994-09-28
DE68918569D1 (de) 1994-11-03

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