EP0362064A1 - Automatische Schnellfeuer-Revolverwaffe - Google Patents

Automatische Schnellfeuer-Revolverwaffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0362064A1
EP0362064A1 EP89402661A EP89402661A EP0362064A1 EP 0362064 A1 EP0362064 A1 EP 0362064A1 EP 89402661 A EP89402661 A EP 89402661A EP 89402661 A EP89402661 A EP 89402661A EP 0362064 A1 EP0362064 A1 EP 0362064A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
star
shaft
barrel
cartridges
automatic weapon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89402661A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0362064B1 (de
Inventor
Joel Marcon
Evelyne Montet
Guy Ferrand
Didier Gobet
Patrick Pochard
Georges Simon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Giat Industries SA
Etat Francais
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA, Giat Industries SA, Etat Francais filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Publication of EP0362064A1 publication Critical patent/EP0362064A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0362064B1 publication Critical patent/EP0362064B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/49Internally-powered drives, i.e. operated by propellant charge energy, e.g. couplings, clutches, energy accumulators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/24Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element
    • F41A9/26Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element using a revolving drum magazine
    • F41A9/27Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element using a revolving drum magazine in revolver-type guns
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/29Feeding of belted ammunition
    • F41A9/30Sprocket-type belt transporters
    • F41A9/31Sprocket-type belt transporters with cartridge stripping means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to automatic weapons of medium caliber, with a high rate of fire, more particularly but not exclusively to automatic weapons intended to be carried on board aircraft, of the barrel type receiving cartridges in bands via '' a supply star and supplying one or two tubes, controlled by gas borrowing and electrically fired.
  • these are weapons of the "Gatling” type, named after its inventor, which include n tubes associated with as many cylinder heads which move on a cylinder head rotor.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a medium-caliber weapon with a high rate of fire, that is to say a rate of fire greater than 1,800 rounds / min and capable of reaching or even exceeding 2,500 rounds / min, which is capable to fire instantly in bursts at the maximum rate and which is compact and light enough to fit easily on board an aircraft.
  • This weapon must also have a safety and reliability at least equal to that of weapons of the same type known to date.
  • the weapon of the type defined in the preamble is essentially characterized, according to the invention, in that it comprises a star shaft with intermittent movement, which is arranged in the axis of the barrel and driven in rotation by it. this ; in that the star, driven in synchronism with the star tree, is arranged parallel to the star tree and laterally with respect thereto; in that a stripper is arranged between the star and the star-shaped tree so as to separate the cartridges from the links, in the strip of cartridges leaving the star, and then direct the cartridges one by one towards the tree starry while allowing the links to be evacuated from the weapon; and in that means are provided for causing the cartridges carried in alignment with these chambers by the star shaft to penetrate into the successive chambers of the barrel, as and measure the rotation of the latter.
  • the combination of the star, the stripper and the star shaft makes it possible to eliminate the aforementioned pusher while the axial stroke of a drawer, the role of which is essentially to rotate the barrel and the star shaft, is independent of the length of the cartridge and can be reduced to a minimum, which considerably reduces the duration of the movement back and forth of the drawer and therefore the duration of each firing cycle.
  • the stroke of the plunger (s) of traditional weapons is greater than 300 mm for breech weapons and greater than 130 mm for barrel weapons while the stroke of drawer according to the invention can be of the order of only 80 mm.
  • the stripper is arranged so as to drive out the cartridges radially, and not axially, which makes it possible to shorten the weapon.
  • the drive means provided between the star shaft and the star are disengageable, which makes it possible to empty the barrel by pulling the cartridges which are there at the time of disengagement.
  • the drive means provided between the star shaft and the star preferably comprise a first pinion, integral with the star shaft, which meshes with a second pinion integral, at least during normal operation of the weapon, of the star.
  • a decouplable clutch system can then be placed between the second pinion and the star shaft.
  • This decouplable dog clutch system is advantageously constituted by teeth carried by the second pinion and by teeth carried by a sleeve integral in rotation with the star shaft and capable of sliding longitudinally on this shaft, a command being provided to make slide this sleeve in order to decouple the star and the star shaft by separation of the above teeth.
  • the drive means provided between the star shaft and the star are provided with a damping device, which preferably comprises a torsion bar.
  • a damping device which preferably comprises a torsion bar.
  • the star shaft being hollow, the torsion bar is advantageously placed inside this hollow shaft by being interposed between the latter and the second aforementioned pinion.
  • a drive mechanism with limited angular play can be provided between the hollow shaft of the star and the second pinion.
  • the weapon the barrel of which comprises at least seven chambers can also be characterized in that the means provided for causing the cartridges to penetrate into the successive chambers of the barrel comprise: - a fixed helical ramp cooperating successively with the base of each of the cartridges to combine their intermittent rotational movement on the star shaft with an intermittent translational movement inside the star shaft to ensure their transport from their station introduction into the star-shaped tree up to the firing point in the respective barrel chambers, and - A reciprocating translational movement drawer controlled by gas flow to ensure the intermittent rotation of the barrel.
  • the weapon shown schematically in Figures 1 and 2 includes: - A barrel 1 which can rotate about its axis 2 and having seven chambers 3 whose axes are parallel to each other and distributed equidistantly on a geometric cylinder with the same axis 2 as barrel 1; a control drawer 4 with an alternative translational movement of direction parallel to that of the axis 2, which drawer 4 acts on the barrel 1 by means of a helical grooving 5 which is formed in this drawer 4 and in which are permanently engaged two rollers 6, among seven of these rollers which are distributed equidistantly at the periphery of the barrel 1, the axes of these rollers 6 being located in the same plane perpendicular to the axis 2 of the barrel 1; - A piston 7 capable of pushing the slide 4 in the direction of the arrow X (FIG.
  • this star shaft 11 cooperating with a star supply 12, shaft 58 parallel to that 2 of the barrel 1 but offset laterally relative to the latter axis 2, in order to ensure the routing of the cartridges 57 towards the barrel 1; a stripper 13 making it possible to extract from their links 47 the cartridges 57 supplied with strips 45; and - a helical feed ramp 14 which is fixed relative to the casing 15 of the weapon and whose function will be specified below.
  • the helical ramp 14 extends around the star shaft 11 at an angle of the order of 195 °.
  • the lower limit of seven has was chosen as a satisfactory compromise with a view to reducing the phenomena of inertia of the entire barrel 1 and the star shaft 11, from one angular stop position to the next, while not excessively increasing the 'lateral dimensions of this assembly.
  • Figures 3 to 5 show the successive positions of the cartridges 57 induced by the rotation of the barrel 1, in the direction of the arrow R, during a firing sequence.
  • the cartridge 57 is taken over at station A.
  • the base of the socket 59 of the cartridge 57 then rests on the helical ramp 14 which will ensure the gradual introduction (passing through stations B, C, D and E) in the aligned chamber 3 of the barrel 1, as far as F where the cartridge 57 will be stationed.
  • the cartridge is pulled at F and the ejection of the empty socket 59 takes place at station G.
  • the weapon works as follows:
  • the grooving 5 comprises two switching members 16 (FIGS. 6 and 7) which can pivot around axes 17 and determining the tracking of the rollers 6, depending on whether the drawer 4 moves in one direction or the other. It should be noted that the transmission of movement by two rollers 6 at the same time stems from a concern for reliability linked to the mechanical resistance of the axes of these rollers, the weapon being able to work perfectly with a single roller 6 in engagement.
  • the switching members 16 are integral with pinions 18 (FIG. 7) held in place by pins 19 and meshing with a rack 20.
  • the latter is driven by the drawer 4 and can move relative to the latter perpendicular to the 'axis of the weapon, in a back and forth movement, the direction and amplitude are determined by ramps 21 and 22 parallel to the axis of the weapon and integral with the housing 15; on these ramps 21 and 22 come to bear alternately the ends 23 and 24 of the rack 20 ( Figures 8 and 9).
  • the rack 20 is immobilized against one or the other of the ramps 21 and 22 by retractable pins 25 ( Figures 10 and 11 ) being able to be erased by the passage of spans 26 formed on tenons 27 which are integral with the casing 15 and whose lateral faces 28 constitute stops cooperating with the pins 25 to prevent, intermittently, the translation of the rack 20.
  • the drawer 4 When firing a cartridge 57, the drawer 4 is violently pushed by the piston 7 in the X direction ( Figures 1 and 6) and drives the rollers 6 which, by cooperating with the grooving 5 and the organs of switch 16, generate up to the rear dead center a rotation of 1 / 14th of a turn of the barrel 1. Due to the kinetic energy stored by the barrel 1, helped in this by the recuperating springs 10, the drawer 4 goes back towards the before. During this movement, the rack 20 undergoes a translation resulting in a rotation of the switching members 16. During a single return trip, the active roller 6 passes from position a to position b (FIG.
  • the barrel 1 rotates 1 / 7th of a turn, bringing a new cartridge 57 to the firing station F and the empty socket 59 to the ejection station G. If the firing is stopped at this time, the recuperator springs 10 maintain drawer 4 in position before neutral, the weapon then being ready to fire.
  • the slide 4 drives a slide 29 ( Figures 12 and 13) carrying two ramps 30 and 31. These come alternately into contact with two bearing surfaces 32 and 33 of an ejector 34 which can pivot around an axis 35, integral with the casing 15 of the weapon, and the spout 36 of which can engage in the base groove 60 of the socket 59 (FIG. 12).
  • the ramp 31 comes to bear on the bearing surface 33 of the ejector 34 by rotating it to bring the spout 36 in the plane of the base groove 60 of the socket 59.
  • the ejector 34 is held in this position by the bearing 33 pressing on the face 37 of the slide 29, until the rotation of the barrel 1 brings the empty socket 59 facing the spout 36 and that , the drawer 4 having started its movement back to its front neutral position, the ramp 30 of the slide 29 strikes the bearing 32 of the ejector 34.
  • the empty socket 59 is then propelled in a chute 38 and the ejector 34 returns to the starting position ( Figure 13).
  • This star-shaped tree 11 has seven branches determining as many recesses positioned with regard to the seven chambers 3 of the barrel 1 and, at its rear end, a pinion 43 meshing with a pinion 44 (FIG. 16) made integral with the feed star 12 by a device, a detailed description of which will be given with reference to FIGS. 16 to 19.
  • the strip cartridges 45 (FIG. 15), guided by a chute 46, are driven by the feed star 12, in engagement with the links 47, and arrive at the sight of the stripper 13, secured to the casing 15.
  • This stripper 13 is constituted by a fork comprising two parallel spouts 48 coming from insert in force into notches 49 of the links 47, thus driving out the cartridges 57 radially, and not axially according to the technique used on most medium caliber weapons known to date.
  • the cartridge released from its link 47 is then guided by a bearing 50 which forces it to take place in the recess which faces it of the star shaft 11.
  • the link 47 emptied of its cartridge 57, is then evacuated from the weapon and therefore never penetrates inside the latter.
  • the supply star 12 therefore comprises a damping device making traction more progressive and the elongation of the strip negligible.
  • This device essentially consists (FIGS. 16 to 19) of a torsion bar 51 interposed between the shaft 58 of the feed star 12 and its drive pinion 44. As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the shaft 58 is tubular and the torsion bar 51 is disposed inside thereof.
  • the feed star 12 can be easily disengaged at any time to facilitate, for example, the disarming of the barrel. It has for this purpose a dog clutch system constituted by a sliding sleeve 52 having at its periphery a cylindrical rack 53 meshing with a pinion 54 which can be rotated by a limited angle in one direction and in the other (as shown schematically by the double arrow Y in Figure 16), by a lever not shown.
  • the sleeve 52 On the side of the pinion 44, the sleeve 52 has dog teeth 55 which can engage the dog teeth 56 of this pinion 44 (as shown in the upper part of FIG. 16) and be uncoupled by the rotation of the pinion 54 (as shown in the lower part of figure 16).
  • an angular damping play (FIG. 18) is provided between the hollow shaft 58 of the feed star 12, in which one of the ends of the the torsion bar 51, and the pinion 44, in the hub 61 of which the other end of the torsion bar is anchored (FIG. 16).
  • the hollow shaft 58 and the hub 61 respectively carry clutch teeth 62 and 63 (FIG. 18) which are engaged with one another with the above-mentioned angular play.
  • the weapon comprises an electrical safety device with double supply.
  • This security can be: - either a mechanical contact actuated by the base of the socket not ejected; - or a proximity detector which perceives the presence of the socket.
  • the senor delivers an electrical signal analyzed by the electronic logic of the weapon which decides to stop shooting. Everything goes without shocks mechanical and therefore without risk of damage to the weapon.
  • the weapon is provided, in known manner, with a rearming device having an autonomy of several shots and which can be pyrotechnic.
  • the weapon which has just been described is a single tube 8
  • a two-tube weapon incorporating the same operating principle.
  • Such a weapon could prove to be advantageous when used on board a vehicle with a high ammunition carrying capacity: in this way, the wear and the heating of the tubes would be limited.
  • this weapon could fire alternately by one or the other of the two tubes.
  • the stations A and C correspond respectively to the two tubes, the station J for the ejection of the empty sleeve and the food item I; posts marked with a cross are occupied by ammunition which is not fired.
  • the first firing cycle is triggered by the firing of the cartridge located at station C ( Figure 20). This firing causes a barrel 1 rotation of 1 / 10th of a turn and, at the end of the cycle, the configuration is that shown in Figure 21.
  • the second cycle is triggered by the firing of the cartridge located at station A. Additional rotation of 1 / 10th of a revolution of barrel 1. At the end of the cycle, we find our in a configuration identical to the initial configuration ( Figure 22).
  • the third cycle is then ensured by firing the cartridge located at station C.
  • the weapon according to the invention has a number of innovations and characteristics which make it particularly efficient and interesting: -
  • the lateral demaillonnage associated with the helical feed ramp 14 makes it possible to increase the rate of fire whatever the length of the ammunition, as explained at the beginning of the description.
  • the maximum rate of fire is reached instantaneously, that is to say that, during a burst of 0.5 s, the monotube weapon fires 21 projectiles.
  • the reliability of the assembly is high thanks to the use of redundant systems (two rollers in engagement, control of the extractor entirely positive plus safety of double supply, auxiliary reset in the event of long fire etc.), and to the design of the feeding device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP89402661A 1988-09-28 1989-09-28 Automatische Schnellfeuer-Revolverwaffe Expired - Lifetime EP0362064B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8812654A FR2637061B1 (fr) 1988-09-28 1988-09-28 Arme automatique a barillet, a grande cadence de tir
FR8812654 1988-09-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0362064A1 true EP0362064A1 (de) 1990-04-04
EP0362064B1 EP0362064B1 (de) 1993-03-31

Family

ID=9370473

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89402661A Expired - Lifetime EP0362064B1 (de) 1988-09-28 1989-09-28 Automatische Schnellfeuer-Revolverwaffe

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5111732A (de)
EP (1) EP0362064B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1332524C (de)
DE (1) DE68905739T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2637061B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2865985A1 (de) 2013-10-25 2015-04-29 NEXTER Systems Feuerleitungsverfahren einer gasdruckladenden Feuerwaffe und Feuerleitungseinrichtung mit einem solchen Verfahren

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2715463B1 (fr) * 1994-01-21 1996-04-05 Giat Ind Sa Système d'alimentation en munitions pour une arme à feu de moyen calibre.
US5784821A (en) * 1997-07-15 1998-07-28 Gerard; Donald G. Electrically discharged and gas operated firearm
DE102004031773B3 (de) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-19 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Munitionsmagazin
DE102005003752B4 (de) 2005-01-27 2008-07-17 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Vorrichtung zum definierten Auswurf einer Hülse oder Munition aus einem Patronenlager
DE102006006961A1 (de) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-23 Oerlikon Contraves Ag Munitionszuführung mit automatischer Kupplung
FR2911181B1 (fr) * 2007-01-10 2009-04-10 Nexter Systems Sa Dispositif de separation des maillons d'une bande d'emport de munitions
DE102007019310B4 (de) * 2007-04-24 2009-04-02 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Stellvorrichtung zur Betätigung einer Waffe
DE102007062548A1 (de) 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Munitionszuführung
TW200923313A (en) * 2007-11-30 2009-06-01 Maruzen Co Ltd Magazine for air gun having rotary clip
IT1400863B1 (it) * 2010-06-22 2013-07-02 Oto Melara Spa Sistema di evacuazione bossoli
US20160102934A1 (en) * 2014-10-08 2016-04-14 Jesse L. Davison Gau-21 trigger
DE102016012145B4 (de) * 2016-10-13 2023-05-11 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Revolverkanone und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Revolverkanone
RU2685493C2 (ru) * 2017-06-07 2019-04-18 Федеральное государственное военное казённое образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева" Многоствольная артиллерийская система
US10352638B1 (en) 2018-04-23 2019-07-16 Daycraft Weapon Systems, LLC Gun having multi-drive link feed system and method therefor

Citations (5)

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US2820400A (en) * 1954-02-03 1958-01-21 John F O'brien Cartridge link and feedwheel for a revolver-type gun
US2993412A (en) * 1950-02-28 1961-07-25 Goldsmith Herbert Missile launcher
US3101029A (en) * 1960-11-04 1963-08-20 Joseph L Johnston Feeding mechanism for drum-type firearm
US3625108A (en) * 1969-11-03 1971-12-07 Us Army Open breech four cylinder revolver for a twin barrel automatic rocket launcher
US3998125A (en) * 1973-08-03 1976-12-21 Rheinmetall G.M.B.H. Belt feeder for an automatic weapon

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GB191402332A (en) * 1914-01-29 1914-12-03 Moubray Gore Farquhar Improvements in Cartridge Feed Mechanism for Machine Guns.
US1342358A (en) * 1918-06-06 1920-06-01 Ole O Storle Machine-gun
GB490221A (en) * 1936-02-17 1938-08-10 D Inv S Mecaniques Soc D Expl Cartridge-feed mechanism for automatic firearms
FR1018438A (fr) * 1949-05-04 1953-01-07 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Dispositif d'amenée des cartouches sur bandes, pour armes à feu automatiques
CH284824A (de) * 1950-08-23 1952-08-15 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Auswerfvorrichtung an automatischen Feuerwaffen mit Revolvertrommel.
LU30583A1 (fr) * 1951-02-17 1952-08-18 Brevets Aero-Mecaniques S.A. Perfectionnements apportes aux chargeurs a cartouches pour armes automatiques, notamment a ceux pour armes a cadence de tir elevee
US2849921A (en) * 1954-04-02 1958-09-02 Company The Schenectady Trust Gatling gun
CH379968A (de) * 1959-07-30 1964-07-15 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Feuerwaffe mit mehreren Rohren
US3222989A (en) * 1960-03-25 1965-12-14 Ewald A Kamp Revolver-type gun with bolt
US3688637A (en) * 1970-03-10 1972-09-05 Gen Electric Multibarrel automatic weapon
US3670863A (en) * 1970-03-31 1972-06-20 Gen Electric Endless conveyor system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2993412A (en) * 1950-02-28 1961-07-25 Goldsmith Herbert Missile launcher
US2820400A (en) * 1954-02-03 1958-01-21 John F O'brien Cartridge link and feedwheel for a revolver-type gun
US3101029A (en) * 1960-11-04 1963-08-20 Joseph L Johnston Feeding mechanism for drum-type firearm
US3625108A (en) * 1969-11-03 1971-12-07 Us Army Open breech four cylinder revolver for a twin barrel automatic rocket launcher
US3998125A (en) * 1973-08-03 1976-12-21 Rheinmetall G.M.B.H. Belt feeder for an automatic weapon

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2865985A1 (de) 2013-10-25 2015-04-29 NEXTER Systems Feuerleitungsverfahren einer gasdruckladenden Feuerwaffe und Feuerleitungseinrichtung mit einem solchen Verfahren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5111732A (en) 1992-05-12
FR2637061A1 (fr) 1990-03-30
FR2637061B1 (fr) 1990-11-09
CA1332524C (fr) 1994-10-18
DE68905739D1 (de) 1993-05-06
EP0362064B1 (de) 1993-03-31
DE68905739T2 (de) 1993-07-08

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