EP0709646A1 - Aufschlagzünder mit doppelter Sicherheit - Google Patents

Aufschlagzünder mit doppelter Sicherheit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0709646A1
EP0709646A1 EP95402346A EP95402346A EP0709646A1 EP 0709646 A1 EP0709646 A1 EP 0709646A1 EP 95402346 A EP95402346 A EP 95402346A EP 95402346 A EP95402346 A EP 95402346A EP 0709646 A1 EP0709646 A1 EP 0709646A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
mobile
safety
primer
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95402346A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Didier Fourcot
Jean Halluin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDA Armements SAS
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TDA Armements SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TDA Armements SAS filed Critical TDA Armements SAS
Publication of EP0709646A1 publication Critical patent/EP0709646A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/02—Electric fuzes with piezo-crystal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/141—Impact fuze in combination with a clockwork time fuze

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electromechanical impact rockets for projectiles. It relates to a safety device at the front of such a rocket as well as a rocket equipped with such a device.
  • Such rockets are already known in the art. They must operate safely during an impact resulting from a shooting and not operate while the projectile is in a friendly zone or after the start of a shooting in an area still close to a friendly zone.
  • a pyrotechnic chain comprises a primer, ignited by impact, for example, by means of a striker, one or more reinforcing relays and / or delays, the first of which is ignited by the primer and finally the explosive block put fired by the last relay.
  • the pyrotechnic chain is capable of two states, an unarmed or safety state and an armed state.
  • the state of safety is intended to be maintained as long as the rocket is in a friendly zone or close to a friendly zone. Armed status can only be obtained after the rocket has left a friendly zone under normal fire conditions.
  • the state of safety is obtained by the fact that the pyrotechnic chain is misaligned.
  • the primary explosives contained, for example, in the primer are separated from the secondary explosives constituted, for example, by a first reinforcing relay.
  • This measure is intended to prevent the relay from lighting up even if the primer lights up.
  • the shock wave created by the primer is prevented from reaching the relay.
  • a conductive tube of this shock wave called a fire transmission tube (TTF) does not lead, in the unarmed position, from the initiator to the relay. It leads there in the armed position, that is to say when the chain is aligned.
  • TTF fire transmission tube
  • the light-carrying body can be a barrel as will be seen below, but also a sliding or rotating pyrotechnic shutter, a solid part of which obstructs the TTF safety state. It is not obligatory that the body carries light actually carries a light. In some cases the light between the primer and the relay can be obtained by the fact that this body moves enough to no longer be on a direct line primer relay.
  • the primer generally comprises a very sensitive primary explosive composition, for example lead azide, and it should be avoided that its ignition is caused by a handling error, on the one hand because of the danger generated for the manipulator. and on the other hand to be sure that the primer, at the time of the firing, has not yet been initiated and is still in its normal operating state.
  • safety devices are generally provided to prevent inadvertent ignition of the primer. This security can result for example in a striker rocket from a locking of the striker or from a separation of the striker and the primer.
  • the pyrotechnic firing chain includes a percussion primer 6.
  • the shock wave of this primer is conducted by a two-part fire transmission tube 20, 21 to a priming relay, a reinforcing relay or a pyrotechnic delay 22. From the armed position, shown in FIG. 2, the pyrotechnic operation is as follows.
  • a front impactor 1 Sufficient frontal impact on a front impactor 1 causes the impactor to retreat. This recoil causes a striker 3 held in place by a spring 2 to allow it to withstand small pressures. The striker 3 strikes a primer 6 which is ignited. The shock wave produced is conducted by the TTF 20, 21 to relay 22 which is then switched on. Taking into account here the length of the TTF, the relay 22 is a primary ignition relay which, in the armed position, is in alignment with a reinforcing relay 4, in secondary explosive, this reinforcing relay itself initiating a charge 19.
  • the pyrotechnic chain is interrupted.
  • the chain in the safety position is shown in Figure 1.
  • the fire transmission tube 20, 21 is interrupted because part 21 of this tube is not an extension of part 20. It follows that in the event of initiation for some reason the relay 22 is not on.
  • the reinforcing relay 4 is not aligned with the relay 22.
  • the alignment of the primer and its relay 22, of the relay 22 and of the reinforcing relay 4 is obtained by rotation of a barrel 17.
  • the primer 6 is distant from the striker so that in the event of an impact on the impactor 1, the action of the striker 3 is exerted in vacuum
  • the chain is aligned by forward movement of a piston blocking the rotation of a relay holder barrel.
  • the primer is carried by a piston 5 movable longitudinally in a chamber 23 bored in an annular body 8.
  • This piston has a front face 24 facing the chamber 23. It comprises a central bore 25 allowing and guiding the movement of the striker 3 when the piston 5 is in the armed position.
  • the bottom of this bore conceals a housing 26 in which the primer 6 is inserted in leaktight manner.
  • This piston is extended backwards in its central part by part 20 of the TTF.
  • This piston 5 is constantly pushed by a spring 11 surrounding the part 20 of the TTF.
  • the spring is supported at one of its ends on the piston 5 and at the other on a fixed support of the structure of the rocket.
  • the piston has on its rear face a recess 27 open at the rear in an annular manner.
  • This recess 27 houses means for holding the piston 5 in a rear position. These means are provided to release the piston in the event of a fairly strong acceleration directed towards the front. Such acceleration is normally produced by the firing of the projectile.
  • the means for holding the piston 5 are constituted in this example by a ring 7, which when in the front position, retains balls 9, partially in recesses 28 of the piston and partially in through bores 29 of a structural part fixed rocket.
  • the ring 7 is held in the front position by a spring 10 bearing on the one hand on a fixed structural part of the rocket and on the other hand on a shoulder of the ring 7.
  • the operation is as follows. In the event of fairly strong acceleration, the ring 7 moves backwards despite the forward thrust of the spring 10. This movement releases the balls 9, which also frees the piston 5. Under the action of the spring 11, the piston 5 is pushed forward. For reasons which will be explained later, it is desired that this movement of the piston 5 be slow.
  • the gases initially contained in the chamber 23 are escaped only by leakage rate or by a calibrated vent, not shown, in the piston. Maintaining the rear position of the ring 7 is ensured by spring blades 30 which are fitted into recesses 31 of the ring 7, when the latter is in the rear position. At the end of the movement of the piston 5, the primer 6 can be struck by the striker 3 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Part 21 of the TTF leads from an input 32 of this part 21 to an output 33.
  • This part 21 is housed in a barrel 17 which houses the relay 22.
  • the output 33 of the tube 21 is always facing the relay 22.
  • the barrel 17 is movable in rotation along an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of the projectile. In the armed position, the inlet 32 of the tube 21 is in the extension of the tube 20, and the relay 22 is itself in alignment with the reinforcing relay 4.
  • the barrel 17 has a radial bore 34 in which is fitted, in the safety position, the rear part of the tube 20. This tube thus blocks any rotational movement of the barrel 17.
  • the tube 20 connected to the piston 5 slowly exits the bore 34 slowly releasing the barrel 17.
  • the barrel 17 can only start its rotational movement after complete exit of the tube 20 from the bore 34. When this exit is complete, the spring 16 pushes the barrel 17 into its armed position.
  • a selector 15 allows, by a selection of buffers, the choice of part 21 of the TTF leading to a delay or to the relay 22 itself. Likewise storage safeties 13, 14 prevent movement of the piston 5 and rotation of the barrel 17.
  • the device which has just been commented on is one example among a large number of others and there are many variants.
  • the security principle is however always the same. It consists in misaligning the pyrotechnic chain. The total realignment can only occur after a determined period following the release (case of a bomb or an airborne missile) or the start of the blow (case of a shell).
  • the striker is in the safety position, locked, and itself locks a primer holder drawer.
  • the relay can also be placed on a rotary drum as described above (barrel 17), on a turntable, on a drawer.
  • the interruption of the TTF can also be ensured by a sliding or rotating shutter and provided with a light. In the safety position, the shutter obstructs the TTF, in the armed position the shutter light coincides with the TTF.
  • the rocket as shown in Figures 1 and 2 does not meet current safety standards. A single event, the acceleration is enough to put it in the armed position. It will also be observed that a fall on the base of a projectile equipped with such a rocket can cause sufficient acceleration to unlock the piston 5.
  • the embodiment according to the prior art which has been described is representative of current rockets . Most current rockets for smooth projectiles are only triggered at the time of firing by the acceleration of the projectile in the launching tube.
  • accelerometric safety systems are faced with a double problem: being able to be activated during shots at low load and therefore under low acceleration (of the order of 700 g) and being immune to the effects of a projectile fall on the base (drop of 1.5 m, even 2 m in some countries, on a standard concrete / steel target according to the requirements of Mil Std 331) which causes very high levels of acceleration but for a very short time.
  • this problem is solved by a judicious calculation of a spring-mass assembly and improved by a damping of the oscillating system thus generated, this situation is not completely satisfactory because, in the event of system failure, this safety is not more assured and the risk of inadvertent arming is increased.
  • the current standards relating to the design of rockets (STANAG 4187 for example) require that rockets can only be armed when two independent events occur normally during a shot appear and it is virtually impossible for them to appear together outside of the shot environment.
  • the gas pressure in the launcher tube can only be used for projectiles launched from a tube and fitted with a base rocket.
  • a tube presence detector is difficult to use for a projectile which must be loaded quickly after a previous shot, and often manually such as, for example, a mortar tube.
  • speed sensors it will be noted that most mechanical rockets which have no energy on board use percussion primers to initiate the pyrotechnic chain at impact which implies of course the use of a striker which should preferably be located in the axis of the rocket, well guided to avoid jamming during impact impacts and which requires a significant stroke to ensure complete percussion.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a device for an impact rocket that does not require any external energy input, and provided with a wind turbine acting as a speed sensor. It also targets a rocket equipped with such a device. Compared to a rocket such as that described above, the rocket equipped according to the invention operates over a wider range of angles of incidence. The angle of incidence is the angle between the axis of the rocket and the normal to the surface hit by the rocket. It also aims to be able to operate in a shorter time. This aspect is important for the effectiveness of the projectile equipped with such a rocket.
  • the device according to the invention aims moreover to produce a rocket which can only pass from the safety state to the armed state if two events occur simultaneously.
  • a rocket equipped with a safety device according to this preferred embodiment of the invention thus meets current safety standards.
  • the first change is to replace the percussion primer with an electric primer.
  • the electrical energy required for this primer is supplied by a piezoelectric generator embedded between two electrodes, a front electrode and a rear electrode.
  • the front electrode plays the impact role of impact, the rear electrode the role of anvil.
  • the hammer is formed by the mechanical assembly constituted by the wind turbine, its cap, and the reduction unit, the whole being held slightly in front of the front electrode, for example by a spring. Energy is obtained by the compression of the generator between transmitter and anvil at the time of impact.
  • the second change consists in giving a part of the front electrode a form of axis around which the wind turbine will rotate. In this way, the wind turbine and the striker formed by the front electrode can be coaxial and in the axis of the projectile. The stroke of this striker is practically zero, only the effect of the impact pressure is used for the generation of electrical energy.
  • the reduction in the stroke of the striker releases a volume which can be used to install safety mechanisms and in particular those operating with the wind turbine.
  • the use of the cleared space is made more convenient by the fact that in the preferred embodiment, the spring intended to prevent ignition under the effect of weak shocks is moved around and behind the transmitter constituted here by the front electrode.
  • the wind turbine has a central hub which leaves fins. This hub is centered on the axis-shaped part of the front electrode.
  • the wind turbine includes means for transmitting its movement to armament security mechanisms.
  • This compression is obtained either by striking the transmitter in the case of impact at low incidence, the hammer defined above sliding on the front electrode, or by tilting the transmitter, in the case of impact at high incidence.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a device for a projectile impact rocket having a longitudinal axis XX ′ defining for the projectile, the rocket, and the device, a front direction and a rear direction, the rocket impact having a pyrotechnic chain constituted at least by a primer and a relay, this chain being capable of two states, an aligned state and a safety state, the transition from the safety state to the aligned state becoming possible only after moving a light-carrying body from a safety position to an armed position, in the safety position a solid part of the light-carrying body constitutes an obstacle to the transmission of a detonation wave between the primer and the relay , in the armed position, this full part of the light-carrying body is erased and the detonation wave is transmissible to the relay through a fire transmission tube, the device having means for initiating the initiation, these means s being designed to transmit initiation energy in the event of impact of the projectile, the device having the function of moving at least
  • the passage of the light carrier body from the safety position to the armed position does not necessarily result from a movement of the light carrier body. It is a relative movement involving at least one of the three light relay initiating elements.
  • the most forward part of the electrode which serves as an axis for the hub of the wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine can completely cover the axis and one can give the central front part of the wind turbine an aerodynamic shape of dome constituting the most front part of the projectile.
  • the means that the wind turbine comprises for setting in motion the safety mechanisms can be any known means of transmitting a rotary movement, belt, cam, gears.
  • the lifting of the safety of firing the primer is done by a change in space of the position of the primer and of a contact carried by it, relatively to one of the electrodes of the safety device according to the invention. Note that with the device of the invention, this displacement of the primer itself is not essential. With the device according to the invention, the displacement of a single contact to establish an electrical connection or coupling between the primer and the electric generator is sufficient to lift the primer security.
  • the wind turbine is provided with a toothed crown which drives a set of toothed wheels forming a reduction gear.
  • the reducer drives an output mobile from the reducer.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because the different wheels can be constituted by sets of two integral coaxial wheels, one large and one small, with axes parallel to the axial direction of the device.
  • the wheels are flat and partially overlap like a very flat clockwork mechanism which occupies a small thickness in the axial direction.
  • the absence of movement of the output mobile maintains contact with the primer away from an electrode.
  • the return of the electrode on the contact of the primer can only be done after the wind turbine has made a predetermined number of turns. This number of turns guarantees sufficient distance from the projectile before the primer can be fired.
  • this event is sufficient acceleration.
  • a wheel driven in rotation by the gear ring of the wind turbine has only a toothed sector on the one hand and is provided with a recess on the other hand.
  • the toothed sector of this wheel is meshed directly or by means of other wheels or toothed sectors on the toothed ring of the wind turbine.
  • An accelerometric rod is in the absence of acceleration inserted in the recess of the toothed wheel and blocks this rotating wheel which causes the locking of the wind turbine. The backward movement of the accelerometric rod under the action of the acceleration due to the departure of the projectile causes the withdrawal of the accelerometric rod from this recess.
  • the toothed sector locking wheel could be replaced by any part provided with a recess or a simple support and a toothed sector meshing on one of the parts set in motion. It could for example be a blade having a lateral rack and forced to slide between two slides; the blocking could come from the fact that the blade is in abutment at one of its ends on the accelerometric rod.
  • the accelerometric rod can also serve as a lock for the mobile element of the chain interrupting device (barrel, light holder body, etc.): it is enough that when it is engaged in the toothed sector it comes to act as a lock. and that in the armed position, the advance of this rod is sufficient to ensure unlocking.
  • the blocking of the wind turbine avoids any risk of progressive arming of the wind turbine by integration of small rotations occurring during successive manipulations.
  • Figures 10 and 11 are a side view of a primer drum in the safety position and in the armed position respectively.
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the front part of a projectile according to Figures 1 and 2 in which the mechanical striker has been replaced by an electric striker.
  • the projectile is centered on the axis XX '.
  • the device 100 replacing the percussion system of the prior art and incorporating therein a wind speed sensor comprises two main sub-assemblies, a front part 110 and a rear part 120.
  • the front part 110 of the device comprises a plate 44 on which is mounted a wind turbine 40, a reduction gear 54 and a front electrode 49 and a first part of an outlet mobile 74 of the reduction gear 54.
  • the rear part 120 of the device comprises a central insulating body 53 housing a piezoelectric generator 52, a rear electrode 51, an accelerometer 70, and a second part of an output mobile 74 of the reduction gear 54 actuating a finger 76.
  • the description and operation of the front 110 and rear 120 parts will be explained below with reference to the figure 3 for the general assembly.
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6, 7 will be used in support to comment on details that do not appear or appear badly in Figure 3.
  • a plastic wind turbine 40 occupies the front part. This wind turbine is centered on the axis of the projectile. It comprises a central flange 41 and fins 42. An impact cowling 43 is screwed onto the plate 44.
  • the flange 41 carries a hub 46.
  • This hub externally comprises a toothed crown 47.
  • the axis of the hub 46 is constituted by a front part 48 of the electrode 49.
  • the front part 48 of this electrode 49 is extended backwards by a base 50.
  • the base 50 is constituted by a first circular part with a diameter greater than the diameter of the axis 48, followed towards the rear by a second circular part with a diameter greater than that of the first part of the base 50.
  • the plate 44 includes axis bearings for a set of toothed wheels which together form the reduction mechanism 54. This mechanism will be described in more detail in conjunction with FIG. 5.
  • the plate 44, the drive wind turbine 40, its cap 43 and the reduction mechanism 54 surmount the central insulating body 53.
  • This body will be described below in conjunction with Figures 4 and 5 which respectively represent a longitudinal section and a top view of the central insulating body 53.
  • the body 53 is a body having an external shape of revolution centered on the XX 'axis of the projectile.
  • This body has a central bore 55 having a rear portion 56 and a front portion 57. It further comprises three housings 58, 59 and 60 which pass through the body 53 from front to back.
  • the rear part has an external shoulder 61.
  • the body also has positioning holes with respect to pins starting from the plate 44 which have not been shown.
  • the plate 44 is located at the front of the body 53 and separated from the latter by a cylindrical spring 75 bearing at one end on the base 61 of the insulating body and at the other end on the part rear of the plate 44.
  • the plate 44 and the body 53 are held together in a known manner by means of a nut 62 having an upper part 63 bearing on an outer edge 64 of the plate 44.
  • the nut 62 is screwed onto a cylinder 65.
  • This cylinder has an intermediate part of slightly larger diameter in which the base 61 of the insulating central body 53 adjusts.
  • the upper part of the cylinder is terminated by a threaded part 66 which receives the threaded part of the nut 62.
  • the housing 55 receives the piezoelectric generator 52 embedded at its rear part in an electrode 51 with a circular base with raised edges forming in cross section a U and surrounding the generator at its rear periphery, and at its front part in a case 67.
  • This case has at its front part a hole 68 in which the first circular part of the base 50 of the front electrode is adjusted. This case holds the electrode 49 against the front part of the generator 52.
  • the piezoelectric generator 52 is constituted by a cylindrical bar of quartz having as its axis the axis of the projectile.
  • the front part 57 of the central bore 55 has a smaller diameter than the rear part 56 of this bore, a frustoconical part connects the front and rear parts.
  • the rear electrode 51 is housed in the rear part 56.
  • the case 67 occupies the periphery of the front part 57 and of the connection between the front 57 and rear parts 56.
  • the housing 60 houses a high-value resistor 69 connected between the lower electrode 51 and the case 67.
  • the housing 59 houses a longitudinal accelerometer 70 comprising a front body 71, a rear rod 72 in the extension of the front body 71 and a spring 73 around the rod 72. Under the effect of an acceleration towards the front the mass formed by the rod 72 and the front body 71 moves back while compressing the spring 73.
  • the housing 58 houses a rear part of the outlet mobile 74 of the reduction gear 54. This mobile drives a finger 76 whose role will be explained below.
  • This block is shown in top view in the safety position in FIG. 6 and in the armed position in FIG. 7. It is a mechanism 54 formed by a set of toothed wheels meshed with one another and going from a driving wheel 47 to an output mobile 74. It has been seen above that a hub 46 of the wind turbine 40 externally comprises a toothed crown 47. This crown which constitutes the driving wheel meshes with two wheels 77 and 78 respectively.
  • the toothed wheel 77 is the input wheel of the reduction gear 54. In a known manner and as shown in FIG. 6 or 7, the wheel 77 will drive a set of wheels, one of which 79, drives the output mobile 74.
  • the wheel 78 has a toothed sector 80 and two recesses 81 and 82.
  • the toothed sector 80 is meshed with the pinion 47 of the wind turbine.
  • the upper part 71 of the front body of the accelerometer 70 is chamfered.
  • the chamfer of the front body 71 bears on the recess 81. In this way the wheel 78 is blocked and in turn blocks the pinion 47 and therefore the wind turbine 40.
  • the front body 71 of the accelerometer moves back and releases the rotation of the toothed wheel 78. If at the same instant a relative wind acts on the wind turbine, it rotates and drives the toothed sector 80 until the end of this sector. The wheel 78 can no longer go back.
  • the front body 71 of the accelerometer 70 rises and comes to be housed in the recess 82. This recess is wider than the recess 81, so that the body 71 can rise further forward than when 'It was in the recess 81. This allows the rod 72 which is integral with the body 71 to go further forward also.
  • the mechanism 54 is in the armed position as shown in FIG. 7. If there is acceleration without there being speed, for example when the projectile falls, the body 71 of the accelerometer moves back but the sector wheel gear 78 does not rotate and the accelerometer returns to lock wheel 78.
  • the output mobile 74 of the reduction gear 54 is in the case of the embodiment a nut driving a threaded finger 76 in translation in the axial direction of the projectile when the finger 76 is locked in rotation.
  • the front body 71 of the accelerometer is engaged in the recess 81 of the wheel 78 with toothed sector 80.
  • the toothed sector is meshed with the pinion 47 of the wind turbine 40.
  • the finger 76 movable in translation under the action of the output mobile 74 is in the rear position. The transition to the armed position requires the joint presence of two events, acceleration and speed. These two conditions are met when firing the projectile.
  • the front body of the accelerometer moves back releases the wheel 78 which under the effect of the movement of the pinion 47 driven by the wind turbine 40 turns.
  • the rod 72 of the accelerometer locks another element, the locking of this element is confirmed during the acceleration phase, which constitutes additional security in the event of this element breaking.
  • the toothed sector 80 rotates until it engages and comes into abutment. It cannot go back because of the rotation of the pinion 47.
  • the acceleration ceases the body 71 pushed by its spring 73 returns forward and enters the second obviously 82 of the toothed sector wheel 78. It can then reach a further forward position.
  • the rear accelerometer rod 72 locked an element, this element is unlocked by the forward movement of the body 71 and the rod 72.
  • the charges accumulated by the generator piezoelectric 52 are evacuated slowly by the high-value resistor 69.
  • the resistor 69 must be as large as possible so that at the moment of impact most of the energy of the generator 52 is dissipated in a primer of the rocket. She must not be too large, because at the time of transition to the armed position all the charges of the circuit constituted by the inter-electrode capacity 49, 51 must have been removed. The time constant of this circuit must therefore not be too high.
  • the rotation of the wind turbine 40 rotates the outlet mobile 74 of the reduction gear 54 at a speed which of course depends on the speed of rotation of the wind turbine but also on the reduction ratio which is chosen as a function of the speed of the projectile and of the time delay requested in the specifications (in some cases, the characteristics of the wind turbine can be adjusted to obtain the desired time delay).
  • the finger 76 is screwed without rotating with the exit mobile if it is locked in rotation and therefore goes up forwards or turns if it is free or when it is screwed fully into abutment on the output mobile 74.
  • the rocket When the finger movement is finished, the rocket is in the armed position because as will be seen later, this movement will directly or indirectly unblock the movement of a light-bearing body , which, pushed by a spring, will move into the armed position.
  • the primer which, as will be seen below, is in the safety position, short-circuited, no longer short-circuited. Electrodes of the primer are both connected to electrodes 49, 51 of the piezoelectric generator. The rocket in this position is then ready to be fired. In the event of weak impacts, for example due to raindrops, the action of the spring 75 is sufficient to keep the transmitter away from the front electrode 49.
  • the plate 44 moves back and forth strike the electrode 49 which compresses the quartz 52 against the electrode 51. Under high incidence the plate 44 switches and constrains transversely the electrode 49 which in turn compresses the quartz 52. The generator 52 then delivers the energy d initiation of the primer.
  • the accelerometer In the event of an accidental fall of the projectile thus equipped on the base, the accelerometer is swallowed up thus confirming the possible locking of the rocket element concerned but, not being locked in the low position, it returns forward. At the time of the fall, the wind turbine has no reason to turn.
  • the reference sector 78 does not rotate and the accelerometer returns to its normal safety position, relocks the wind turbine and does not unlock the rocket element.
  • this piece could be a tube possibly perforated terminated at both ends by beaten collars. It could also be a washer made of compressible material for example, a silicone resin or a foam placed between the plate 44 and the body 53. Openings in this washer in the form of a cutout would allow the base 50 to pass through. the front electrode 49 to the generator 52, the output mobile 74, and the body 71 of the accelerometer.
  • the device described above comprises all the elements necessary for the constitution of a rocket meeting the current safety criteria.
  • the transition from the security state to the armed state can only take place in the simultaneous presence of two phenomena, sufficient acceleration and speeding up, events whose probability of joint occurrence outside the environment d '' a shot is almost zero.
  • FIG. 8 represents a longitudinal section of a rocket 200 derived directly from the rocket of the prior art which is the subject of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the modification of this rocket has been carried out to make it conform to current standards.
  • This simple fact demonstrates the very compact nature of the mechanism 100.
  • the primer 6 has been replaced by an electrical primer 83 having a front electrode 84 and a rear electrode connected to ground.
  • the finger 76 has been provided at its rear end with a flexible metal strip 85, one end 86 of which is integral with the finger 76 and the other end 87 of which carries a cup 88 in the shape of a U turned towards the rear. In the safety position as shown in FIG. 8, this cup 88 short-circuits the electrodes of the primer 83.
  • the rear rod of the accelerometer 70 does not lock the barrel 17 because the piston 5 does not allow the passage of the rod 72.
  • the transition to the armed position is carried out as follows. At the start of the blow the ring 7, wedging the ball 9 for locking the piston 5 compresses its spring 10 and moves back, releasing the ball 9. This unlocked position is shown on the part situated to the left of the axis of symmetry. The piston 5 can therefore go back up.
  • the accelerometer 70 also moves back, releasing the wind turbine 40.
  • the outlet mobile 74 of the reduction gear 54 rotates.
  • the finger 76 is immobilized in rotation by the electrode 84 of the primer 83 which is engaged in the cup 88. Consequently the finger rises forward and the cup 88 is gradually released from the electrode 84. As soon as it is released, the finger 76 which is no longer immobilized in rotation turns, eliminating the short circuit of the primer 83.
  • the finger 76 When the end 87 of the strip 85 touches the wall of the cylinder 23, the finger 76 is again immobilized in rotation. It continues to rise forward and releases the stroke of the piston 5. The latter gradually rises until it reaches the armed position where the electrode 84 is in contact with the electrode 51 of the piezoelectric generator 52.
  • FIG. 9 represents an axial longitudinal section of a rocket equipped with a mechanism 100 according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 represent a top view of a primer holder barrel 89 fitted to this rocket, in the safety position in FIG. 9, and in the armed position in FIG. 10.
  • the barrel 89 is movable in rotation about an axis 90 parallel to the axis of the projectile ( Figures 10, 11).
  • the generatrices of the cylinder are parallel to the axis of the projectile and to the axis 90. It is delimited by front and rear faces perpendicular to the axial direction. Two of the three side faces have a cylindrical shape, the base of which is an arc of a circle. These are the faces marked 91 and 92 in Figures 10 and 11. In the safety position, one of these faces 91 is in contact with the wall of the cylinder 65. In the armed position, it is the second of these two faces 92 which is in contact with the cylinder 65. These forms of sides 91 and 92 of barrel 89 are not compulsory but they give good support to the barrel in the security and armed positions. The third face 93 is flat.
  • the faces 93 and 91 are joined by a rounded convex part.
  • the faces 93 and 92 are joined by a concave rounded part 94.
  • the front face 95 of the barrel 89 has a recess 96.
  • the part 96 of the front face 95 is behind the rest 97 of this front face.
  • the front face parts 96 and 97 are joined by a cylindrical surface 98 of generatrix parallel to the axis 90.
  • the face 98 has the shape of a circular cylinder arc centered on the axis 90. This face 98 carries a toothed sector 99.
  • the part 97 of the front face 95 carries a housing for the primer 83.
  • This housing is located in front of a fire transmission tube 101 with an axis parallel to the axis of the projectile. This tube passes through the barrel to its rear face.
  • the center of the electrode 84 carried by the primer 83 is on the axis of the cylinder 65.
  • a spring pin 102 with two branches 103, 104 tends to deviate angularly from one the other is fixed on a pin 105 in the cylinder 65.
  • One of the branches 103, of the pin 105 is in abutment on the internal wall of the cylinder 65, the other branch 104 is in the safety position in abutment on the face 93 of the barrel 89. In the armed position it is supported on the face 91.
  • at least the rear end of the finger 76 of the safety mechanism 100 carries a ring gear 106. In the safety position l one of the teeth of this crown bears on a not shown rib projecting from the concavity 94.
  • the barrel 89 is held in the safety position by three mechanical parts, a first, a second and a third.
  • the first is constituted by the rear rod 72 of the accelerometer 70.
  • This rod is in the safety position pressed on the side 92. It therefore blocks the rotation of the barrel 89 around the axis 90.
  • the second part consists of the finger 76 driven by the output mobile 74. In the safety position, this finger is housed partly in the concavity 94 of the barrel, one of the teeth pressing on a rib of this concavity. Due to its position, the finger 76 prevents rotation of the barrel 89.
  • the third consists of the branch 104 of the pin 102 resting on the face 93 of the barrel 89.
  • the transition to the armed position is as follows.
  • the body 71 and the rod 72 of the accelerometer retreat, confirming the blocking of the barrel 89 since the rod 72 remains in abutment on the face 92.
  • the body 71 and the rod 72 rise as explained above, thereby releasing this first blocking of the barrel 89.
  • the reduction mechanism 54 drives the outlet mobile 74 of this reduction gear in rotation.
  • the finger 76 blocked in rotation by the longitudinal rib of the concavity 94 does not rotate. It is screwed onto the outlet body and therefore operates a forward movement.
  • the branch 104 of the elastic pin 102 is pushed back.
  • the end 104 of the pin comes to bear on the face 91.
  • the face 92 of the barrel is held in position of support on the wall of the cylinder 65 by the support of the branch 104 on the face 91.
  • the electrode 84 of the primer 83 is not in contact with the electrode 51 of the piezoelectric generator 52. In the armed position this electrode is centered under the electrode 51 and in centered contact with her.
  • the TTF 101 is in alignment with a reinforcing relay 4 (figure 9). The primer 83 and the relay 22 are therefore aligned.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP95402346A 1994-10-26 1995-10-20 Aufschlagzünder mit doppelter Sicherheit Withdrawn EP0709646A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9412811 1994-10-26
FR9412811A FR2726359B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1994-10-26 Fusee d'impact a double securite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0709646A1 true EP0709646A1 (de) 1996-05-01

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ID=9468234

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95402346A Withdrawn EP0709646A1 (de) 1994-10-26 1995-10-20 Aufschlagzünder mit doppelter Sicherheit

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0709646A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2726359B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1114977A1 (de) * 2000-01-05 2001-07-11 Junghans Feinwerktechnik GmbH & Co.KG Zündeinrichtung, insbesondere für eine Mörsergranate
US7111559B1 (en) * 2004-07-15 2006-09-26 Maclachlan Edward K Mobile electrical device for disabling a moving vehicle
WO2012140394A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-18 The Secretary Of State For Defence An explosive projectile

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2012281A (en) * 1935-01-11 1935-08-27 Marvin L Mathsen Fuse
US2644398A (en) * 1947-12-17 1953-07-07 Us Army Constant torque clutch
GB987453A (en) * 1961-02-24 1965-03-31 Mefina Sa Improvements in or relating to projectile fuzes
EP0121494A1 (de) * 1983-03-07 1984-10-10 Mefina S.A. Panzerbrechender Geschosszünder
EP0292027A2 (de) * 1987-03-25 1988-11-23 Magnavox Government and Industrial Electronics Company Piezoelektrische Zündsicherung mit Sicherheitsvorrichtung für ein Geschoss

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2012281A (en) * 1935-01-11 1935-08-27 Marvin L Mathsen Fuse
US2644398A (en) * 1947-12-17 1953-07-07 Us Army Constant torque clutch
GB987453A (en) * 1961-02-24 1965-03-31 Mefina Sa Improvements in or relating to projectile fuzes
EP0121494A1 (de) * 1983-03-07 1984-10-10 Mefina S.A. Panzerbrechender Geschosszünder
EP0292027A2 (de) * 1987-03-25 1988-11-23 Magnavox Government and Industrial Electronics Company Piezoelektrische Zündsicherung mit Sicherheitsvorrichtung für ein Geschoss

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1114977A1 (de) * 2000-01-05 2001-07-11 Junghans Feinwerktechnik GmbH & Co.KG Zündeinrichtung, insbesondere für eine Mörsergranate
US6463855B2 (en) 2000-01-05 2002-10-15 Junghans Feinwerktechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuse device for a mortar shell
US7111559B1 (en) * 2004-07-15 2006-09-26 Maclachlan Edward K Mobile electrical device for disabling a moving vehicle
WO2012140394A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-18 The Secretary Of State For Defence An explosive projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2726359A1 (fr) 1996-05-03
FR2726359B1 (fr) 1996-11-29

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