EP0324688B1 - Von der Schulter abzufeuernder Raketenwerfer - Google Patents

Von der Schulter abzufeuernder Raketenwerfer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0324688B1
EP0324688B1 EP89400086A EP89400086A EP0324688B1 EP 0324688 B1 EP0324688 B1 EP 0324688B1 EP 89400086 A EP89400086 A EP 89400086A EP 89400086 A EP89400086 A EP 89400086A EP 0324688 B1 EP0324688 B1 EP 0324688B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
tube
longitudinal
barrel
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89400086A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0324688A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Baricos
Denis Dilhan
Michel Castarede
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Priority to AT89400086T priority Critical patent/ATE87733T1/de
Publication of EP0324688A1 publication Critical patent/EP0324688A1/de
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Publication of EP0324688B1 publication Critical patent/EP0324688B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F3/00—Rocket or torpedo launchers
    • F41F3/04—Rocket or torpedo launchers for rockets
    • F41F3/045—Rocket or torpedo launchers for rockets adapted to be carried and used by a person, e.g. bazookas
    • F41F3/0455—Bazookas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a long gun for the use of a rocket launcher, comprising at least one longitudinal weapon tube and a barrel at least partially juxtaposed transversely thereto comprising stock means, handle means and means fire control.
  • such rockets are launched by means of long guns of the type indicated in the preamble and whose weapon tube, integral with the barrel, is open at its two transverse ends in order to reduce the effect recoil of the weapon when launching a rocket; however, the transverse end of the weapon tube which is turned towards the rear with reference to a determined longitudinal firing direction suddenly lets out a large quantity of hot gas during the launching of a rocket, which practically prohibits any use of such a weapon in a closed enclosure.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks, that is to say to provide a long gun for use with rocket launchers which, at the same time, can be used in a closed enclosure while avoiding any release of gas. towards the interior of this enclosure and any counter-mass ejection, and applies to the shooter only a minimum of inconvenience due to the recoil effect when launching a rocket.
  • the position of the weapon tube relative to the barrel corresponding to a state of the weapon prior to firing is an extreme rear position of the weapon tube relative to the barrel.
  • the weapon tube is retained in this position by a trigger which, when a trigger is released, releases the weapon tube which then performs a movement forward relative to the barrel, under the action of a spring interposed between an anterior ring of the barrel and an outer ring of the barrel.
  • the projectile retained towards the rear by pressing on a rod, tends not to move towards the front because of its inertia so well that a striker provided on a head forming the closed bottom of the weapon tube strikes it.
  • this percussion takes place while the weapon tube can still continue its progression forward under the effect of the spring, that is to say before a rim of the head comes to abut towards the front against the barrel ring so that the barrel continues to advance forwards until its energy is absorbed by the thrust which is applied rearwards, at its bottom, by the gases from the fired projectile; preferably, according to the very terms of this patent, the ring constituting for the weapon tube means of abutment forward with respect to the barrel is not reached in normal regime, but it serves as a stop in the event of failure or if the weapon is not loaded, i.e. if no thrust applied by a projectile, towards the rear, to the weapon tube compensates for the tendency of the latter to move towards the front with respect to the barrel under the action of the spring.
  • the damping effect played by the spring in the case of this known weapon results from a subtle balance between the action of the spring tending to push the weapon tube forward with respect to the barrel, and the thrust applied to the barrel backwards with respect to the barrel due to the firing of the projectile; prior to firing, the weapon tube is retained in an extreme rear position relative to the barrel and its abutment, towards the front, relative to the latter can only result from an accident; given the power to be given to the spring for counterbalance the thrust applied to the barrel by the projectile when it is fired, the accidental coming of the barrel in abutment forward on the ring relative to the barrel in case of absence of firing of a projectile either because of the absence of such a projectile, or because of a firing failure of the projectile however present necessarily results for the shooter by a violent traction towards the front, which takes off the butt of the shooter's shoulder and can cause the shooter to drop the weapon, which can be extremely dangerous.
  • the long gun according to the invention is characterized in that in said determined position corresponding to a state of the weapon prior to firing, said damping means retain the weapon tube in abutment forward, with reference to said direction, with respect to the barrel by means of said mutual abutment means.
  • the damping means advantageously comprise means of longitudinal elastic biasing of the weapon tube towards the front, with reference to said direction, with respect to the barrel, namely towards said determined position corresponding to a state of the weapon prior to firing .
  • the (permanent) closure of the transverse end of the rearward-facing tube avoids an abrupt emission of gas out of the weapon, by this end, during the launching of a rocket; the gases can escape from the weapon tube only through the transverse end of the latter turned towards the front with reference to the determined direction of fire, generally placed outside the closed enclosure during use of the weapon in such a closed enclosure, after the rocket has left the weapon tube; however, the shooter undergoes an acceptable recoil effect when launching a rocket thanks to a damping effect played by the elastic mounting of the weapon tube on the barrel.
  • the connecting means are suitable for allowing the mounting and dismounting of the barrel relative to the barrel; it is thus possible to mount on the same barrel weapon tubes corresponding to different calibers and / or to have magazines comprising at least one weapon tube and the associated rocket, ready for launching inside this weapon tube, to easily mount this loaded weapon tube on the barrel before launching, then dismantle the empty weapon tube after launching to replace it with at least one other weapon tube also responsible for corresponding rocket.
  • the means for guiding the relative longitudinal sliding comprise means forming a longitudinal slide, arranged on the barrel, means forming a slide mounted to slide on the means forming a slide, complementary removable locking members carried respectively by the means forming a slide and through the weapon barrel; placing at least one tube weapon, in particular loaded with the corresponding rocket, on the barrel is particularly easy and rapid if, in addition, the weapon comprises means of elastic biasing of the means forming a slide towards the front, with reference to said direction, with respect to means forming a slide, and if the mutual stop means comprise stop means of the means forming a slide towards the front, with reference to said direction, with respect to the means forming a slide.
  • the connecting means comprise a longitudinal sleeve integral with the barrel, located in a rear zone of the latter with reference to said direction and receiving the weapon tube with longitudinal sliding
  • the means for resiliently biasing the weapon tube towards the front, with reference to said direction, with respect to the barrel comprise a piston mounted for longitudinal sliding in the sleeve and against which the tube weapon rests backwards with reference to said direction, by said closed transverse end, means for elastic biasing of the piston towards the front, with reference to said direction, with respect to the sleeve, and means for abutting the udder tone forward, with reference to said direction, with respect to the sleeve; when, as it is preferred, the fire control means are electric, the piston and
  • a long gun according to the invention comprising a single weapon tube, preferably mounted removably by suitable connecting means, for example of the type indicated above; preferably, however, the weapon according to the invention comprises a plurality of longitudinal weapon tubes of said type, mutually juxtaposed transversely and mutually integral, connected to the barrel by said connecting means, the gun tubes are regularly distributed angularly around a longitudinal axis and the elastic biasing means have a line of action substantially coinciding with said axis , between the weapon tubes; naturally, the rockets corresponding to the different tubes can then be launched simultaneously but, preferably, the firing control means comprise tube selection means making it possible to fire the rockets individually or by burst, so as to avoid too frequent reloading, c that is to say the changes of weapon tubes in the case of interchangeable weapon tubes; the selection means are preferably automatic and sequential, so as to make the use of the weapon particularly convenient.
  • the weapon tubes are in even number, distributed in groups of two weapon tubes mutually symmetrical with respect to said axis, and the tube selection means are constituted by selection means. group of two mutually symmetrical weapon tubes with respect to said axis; thus, as well as the reaction which they provoke on the part of the elastic biasing means, the forces resulting from the thrust applied to the weapon tubes by the rockets fired simultaneously present a result along the axis, in a particularly satisfactory manner mechanically. .
  • a particularly effective embodiment of the elastic biasing means in the case of a plurality of mutually integral weapon tubes, arranged as indicated above, mounted interchangeably and resting on an elastically biased piston as also indicated above, is characterized in that the weapon tubes delimit between them, along said axis, a housing longitudinal, in that the piston has, integrally along said axis, a tubular extension towards the front, with reference to said direction, inside said housing, in that the sleeve carries integrally, behind the piston, with reference to said direction, a transverse bottom integrally carrying a rod projecting forward, with reference to said direction, along said axis, said rod passing through said tubular extension right through and having a transverse abutment head inside said housing, in front of said tubular extension with reference to said direction, and in that said tubular extension bears integrally between said transverse bottom and said abutment head a flange mounted with longitudinal sliding on the rod and bearing respectively towards the front and towards the rear, with reference to said direction, against said abutment head and against
  • a longitudinal axis has been designated by 1 which will serve as a reference for longitudinal direction and transversality in the following description, by 2 the longitudinal barrel of the weapon and by 3 a magazine which can be removed relative to in barrel 2, and integrally grouping six identical longitudinal weapon tubes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 having respective longitudinal axes 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 regularly distributed angularly around the axis 1 and equidistant therefrom, which arms tubes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are arranged around a central tube 16 also longitudinal, as for axis 1, in a relation of mutual contact and mutual solidarity obtained by any appropriate means, the choice of which is within the scope of the normal skills of a person skilled in the art; each of the tubes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 16, which has an identical diameter, presents towards the front, with reference to a determined longitudinal direction of fire 17, opposite to the direction of the arrow II, one end anterior open 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, protected by a respective cover 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 simply fitted and easily extractable longitudinally, and by a protective end
  • each weapon tube 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 contains a respective rocket such as 40 retained in the immediate vicinity of the rear end plug such as 39 respectively corresponding by a respective shearable pin such 41, can be mounted in a single operation, as a whole, on the barrel 2 which will now be described, then be dismantled as a whole after launching the various rockets.
  • the frame 46 has, from a front end 65 penetrating longitudinally into the windshield 232 as far as a rear end zone 66 situated behind the support 48 , a longitudinal slide 67 provided opposite the loader 3 with two longitudinal edges 68, 69, turned towards one another and symmetrical with each other relative to the plane 47 so as to define a narrowing of the slide 67 in the zones of the latter closest to the charger 3; in addition, respectively in a zone 70 of the front end of the magazine, corresponding to the respective front ends 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 of the tubes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 16, and in an intermediate zone 71 located approximately mid-length of the magazine 3, that is to say of the tubes of the latter, the magazine 3 integrally carries two slides 72, 73 each of which has a cross section in "T", symmetrical with respect to the plane 47 and such that each of the slides 72, 73 is retained inside the slide 67, and more precisely by the flanges 68 and
  • the slide 72 While the slider 73 exclusively provides a guide function of the loader 3 to the longitudinal sliding relative to the frame 46 by cooperating with the slide 67, the slide 72 also provides locking of the loader 3 relative to the frame 46, preserving this possibility of relative sliding.
  • the slide 72 has inside the slide 67, in the direction of a radial distance with respect to the axis 1, a blind hole 74 in which engages, in the direction of approximation radial with respect to the axis 1, a finger 75 of another slide 76 itself guided in longitudinal sliding inside the framework 46, by a longitudinal slide 77 which is juxtaposed transversely to the slide 67, in the direction of a radial distance with respect to the axis 1, and of which only the finger 75 protrudes, inside the slide 67, towards the axis 1;
  • the slide 77 may for example be constituted by a tubular section of the frame 76, presenting towards the inside of the slide 67, along the plane 47, a longitudinal lumen 78 for passage of the finger 75.
  • the slide 76 is urged elastically forward by a helical spring, longitudinal 79 acting, around a longitudinal rod 80 extending the slide 76 backwards, between this slide 76, d on the one hand, and a transverse partition 81 closing the slide 77 towards the rear, on the other hand, said wall 81 being pierced with a longitudinal bore 82 in which the rod 80 is guided in longitudinal sliding; thus, while allowing sliding of the slide 76 backwards inside the slide 77, relative to the frame 46, the spring 79 tends resiliently to keep the slide 76 in a front limit position, illustrated in FIG. FIG.
  • this slide 76 abuts forward against a transverse wall 83 closing the slide 77 towards the front, at the front end 65 of the frame 46, preferably by means of a transverse plate 151 of an elastically compressible material such as synthetic rubber; in this position, the slide 76 has opposite a transverse hole 85 of the frame 76, located immediately in front of the longitudinal handle 64, on the same side of the frame 46 as this handle 64, opposite a hole 87 in the windscreen 232, a push button 86 guided in radial sliding, with reference to axis 1, inside the slide 76 and bearing towards axis 1 on an anterior zone 88 of a longitudinal lever 89 integrally carrying the finger 75 in a posterior region; the lever 89, housed in a recess 90 of the slide 76, is mounted to pivot relative to the latter about an axis 91 perpendicular to the plane 47, between its zone 88 cooperating with the push button 86 and its zone carrying the finger 75 , and receives at the level of the latter
  • the loader 3 is engaged, with the possibility of relative longitudinal sliding, in a longitudinal sleeve 92 having a general shape of revolution around axis 1, which sleeve 92 is carried integrally by the framework 46, in the rear half thereof if we refer to direction 17.
  • the sleeve 92 has a transverse edge 93 located immediately behind the latch 59, and delimiting an anterior opening 94 through which the magazine 3 enters the sleeve 92; towards the rear, this sleeve 92 is closed by a transverse bottom 95, rigid like the sleeve 92 itself and integral with the latter; at the level of this bottom 95, as well as in the immediate vicinity thereof, the sleeve 92 carries an end protection windscreen 96, advantageously made of an elastically compressible material such as a spongy synthetic rubber, which can also constitute the windscreen 232 previously described; the bottom 95 of the sleeve 92 is thus located behind the rear end 66 of the slide 67; the windshield 96 extends forward approximately to the longitudinal level of the rear end 66 of the slide 67, however remaining behind the rear limit of the support 48, but close to the latter.
  • the sleeve 92 Internally, towards the axis 1, from the edge 93 to a zone 97 close to the bottom 95, the sleeve 92 has an inner peripheral face 98 having a generally cylindrical shape of revolution around the axis 1 with a diameter such that it remains on all sides a peripheral clearance 99 between the charger 3 and this face 98; this clearance 99 is advantageously filled locally, in particular in the immediate vicinity of the edge 93 of the sleeve 92, by a transverse ring 100 of a material chosen such that it provides a dust tightness between the sleeve 92 and the charger 3 without constituting obstacle to the longitudinal sliding of the latter relative to the integral assembly formed by the sleeve 92 and the frame 46; the ring 100 can for example be made of synthetic rubber.
  • the inner peripheral face 98 of the sleeve 92 is connected by a planar, annular, transverse shoulder 101, facing forward with reference to direction 17, to an inner peripheral face 102 also cylindrical of revolution around the axis 1 and turned towards it, but having a diameter slightly smaller than that of the inner peripheral face 98; this diameter of the face 102 is however at least equal to the largest diameter that the charger 3 has with reference to the axis 1 at least in a posterior zone with reference to the direction 17, that is to say in practice at most large diameter of the plate 38 in the example illustrated, or in other words the diameter of a face 104, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 1, delimiting the plate 38 in the direction of a distance relative to this axis in the illustrated example; advantageously, the respective diameters of the faces 102 and 104 are substantially identical, to allow mutual contact with guidance in relative longitudinal sliding; in the position illustrated in the figures, however, there is no contact between the face 102 and the face 104, the first being offset forward relative to the second.
  • the bottom 95 carries integrally, on its face 103, an annular skirt 105, of revolution around the axis 1 and having in particular in the direction of a distance with respect to and towards the latter respectively external 106 and internal 107 peripheral faces, one and the other cylindrical of revolution around this axis 1;
  • the diameter of the face 106 which extends from the face 103 to a transverse edge 108 of connection with the face 107, located at a longitudinal level intermediate between that of the plate 38 closing the weapon tubes 4, 5 , 6, 7, 8, 9 towards the rear and that of the junction between the tail unit such as 42 rockets such as 40 and the engine such as 45 of these rockets, is chosen slightly smaller than the diameter of a face inner peripheral 109 that the central tube 16 presents towards the axis 1, with a cylindrical shape of revolution around this axis; the face 107 extends in turn rearward, from the transverse annular edge 108, to a longitudinal level corresponding approximately to that of the plate 38
  • a straight rod 114 delimited in the direction of a distance from the axis 1 by an outer peripheral face 115 cylindrical of revolution around this axis with a diameter smaller than that of the face 111; forward with reference to direction 17, from the face 112, the rod 114 has a longitudinal dimension substantially equal to twice the distance separating the face 112 and the annular edge 108 of the skirt 105, that is to say -dire extends like this skirt 105 inside the central tube 16 of the charger 3, but this over a length approximately twice that of the skirt 103; in an anterior end zone, the rod 115 integrally carries a transverse head 116 which is thus located approximately at the rear quarter of the longitudinal dimension of the tube 16; in the direction of a distance with respect to the axis 1, the head 116 is delimited by an outer peripheral face 117 cylindrical of revolution around the axis 1 with a diameter intermediate between the respective diameters of the faces 115 and 109; towards the front, it is delimited by
  • the head 116 provided with the washer 120, constitutes a stop, towards the front, for a piston 121 mounted for longitudinal sliding inside the sleeve 92, and which will now be described.
  • the piston 121 is formed from two parts constituting a rigid, integral whole, capable of sliding longitudinally as well with respect to the face 106 of the skirt 105 of the bottom 95 of the sleeve 92, as with respect to the inner peripheral face 109 of the central tube 16 of charger 3.
  • the piston 121 has a first part 122 of tubular, longitudinal shape, essentially housed in the tube 16 and delimited respectively in the direction of a distance and in the direction of a approximation relative to the axis 1, by cylindrical faces of revolution around this axis 1 at the rate of an outer peripheral face 123 having a diameter substantially identical to that of the face 109 of the tube 16 with which it is in sliding contact and of a peripheral face inner 124 having a diameter substantially identical to that of the outer peripheral face 106 of the skirt 105 with which this face 124 is also in sliding contact so that the first part 122 of the piston 121 and the skirt 105 cooperate in the manner of a slide and a slide, respectively, for guiding the rear end of the magazine 3 to longitudinal sliding relative to the barrel 2; immediately behind the washer 120 of the stop head 116, if one refers to direction 17, and in contact with this washer 120, the first part 122 of the piston 121 is closed on the face 115 of the rod 114 by a plug 124 forming a
  • the faces 123 and 124 of the first part 122 of the piston 121 continue up to a transverse annular flange 129 of the first part 122 of the piston 121, which flange 129 forms a projection in the direction of a distance relative to the axis 1 on the outer peripheral face 123 at a longitudinal level intermediate between the respective levels of the shoulder 101 connecting between the inner peripheral faces 98 and 102 of the sleeve 92 and the face 103 of the bottom 95, however being further from the latter than from the shoulder 101 in the position illustrated in the figures;
  • the face 103 immediately opposite the rim 129, longitudinally, the face 103 carries a transverse annular washer 130 of an elastically compressible material such as synthetic rubber, the rim 129 of which is moved forward, with reference to the direction 17, in the position illustrated in the figures but which is capable of damping a longitudinal movement of the rim 129 and of the assembly of the piston 121 towards the face 103, when the rim 129 reaches in the immediate vicinity of this face
  • the first part 122 of the piston 121 is connected to the second part 131 of the latter, which is transverse, flat, annular, with a general shape of revolution around axis 1; towards the latter, the part 131 of the piston 121 is delimited by a cylindrical face 132 of revolution about this axis with a diameter substantially equal to that of the face 123 of the first tubular part 122, so that the face 132 matches a area of the face 123 immediately adjacent to the rim 129; in the direction of a distance with respect to the axis 1, the second part 131 of the piston 121 is delimited by a face 133 also cylindrical of revolution around the axis 1, but with a diameter substantially identical to that of the face inner peripheral 102 of the sleeve 92 so as to establish with the latter a guide contact with relative longitudinal sliding, with a seal by means of an O-ring 134 housed in an annular groove on the face 133; it will be noted that in the position illustrated in the figures, the face 132 of revolution about this
  • the second part 131 of the piston 121 is delimited by a planar, transverse annular face 140 with which, in the position illustrated, the annular plate 38 of the loader 3 is in contact by a planar, transverse annular face 141 which, in turn, faces backwards and joins the outer peripheral face 104 of the annular plate 38 to an inner peripheral face 142 of the latter; this face 142 is cylindrical of revolution around the axis 1 with a diameter identical to that of the face 109 of the central tube 16, so as to extend this face 109 towards the rear, without apparent discontinuity and to be like the face 109 in sliding contact with the face 123 of the part 122 of the piston 121.
  • a flexible electric cable 143 connects the unit 56, passing in the immediate vicinity of the bottom 95, to an electrical connector 144 housed in the second part 131 of the piston 121 and opening out forward through the face 140 of this piston 121 to cooperate in the position illustrated with a complementary connector 145 placed immediately opposite, if one refers to the longitudinal direction, in the annular plate 38 from which this connector 145 emerges from the face 141;
  • the two connectors 144 and 145 have complementary shapes such that they provide a mutual electrical connection during a relative longitudinal approximation of the faces 140 and 141 to a mutual contact, and interrupt this electrical connection by relative longitudinal separation of the faces 140 and 141;
  • the two connectors 144 and 145 are constituted by male and female plugs respectively, which can be plugged in mutually by relative longitudinal displacement.
  • the connector 145 of the annular plate 38 is itself connected by cables 146, housed in a system of channels 147 arranged in the plate 38, which in the example illustrated is made in two parts for this purpose, as well as in the three plugs such as 39 respectively corresponding to weapon tubes 4, 6 and 8, or one weapon tube out of two, to a respective electric igniter such as 147 (case of plug 39) itself in contact forwards with the pyrotechnic ejection charge such as 44 associated with the same plug such as 39, constituted by a powder charge; not illustrated but easily deducible from the illustrated form of the plug 39, the three plugs corresponding respectively to the tubes 5, 7, 9, do not include an electric igniter 147 but nevertheless contain a charge of ejection powder identical to the charge 44, which charge of ejection powder is connected to the charge of ejection powder of the plug corresponding to a diametrically opposite weapon tube, with reference to axis 1, by a fire transmission channel; thus, the charge of ejection powder 44 of the plug 39 corresponding to the weapon tube 4
  • the magazine 3 whose six weapon tubes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 contain a rocket such as 40 and whose connector 145 is in electrical connection with the connector 144 of the piston 121, with mutual contact of the faces 140 and 141, occupies with respect to the barrel 2 an extreme front position, in which the plug 124 urged by the spring 129 is in abutment forward on the head 116 by the intermediate of the washer 120, and in which the slide 76, secured to the slide 72 with respect to a longitudinal movement, bears against the wall 83 of the slide 77, by means of the plate 151 of elastically compressible material.
  • the electrical control means housed in the housing 56 When, after having commissioned the electrical means for controlling the firing of the housing 56 by means of the switch 62, the trigger 61 is pressed, the electrical control means housed in the housing 56, produced for this purpose by easily determinable by a person skilled in the art, transmit by the cable 143, the connectors 144 and 145, and the cable 146 an electrical command or signal of ignition of one, determined, rocket ejection charge igniters equipping plugs such as 39; for example, the igniter 147 fitted to the plug 39 is thus excited during a first actuation of the trigger 61 after installation of a magazine 3 including the six weapon tubes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 contain a rocket such as 40, which causes the ignition of the corresponding ejection charge 44; this ignition causes the rapid emission of a large quantity of gas which, at the same time, accumulates in the volume 43 delimited by the piston 200 housed in the tail unit 42 of the corresponding rocket 40, and thus initiates the engine 45 of this rocket, and reach via the channel 148 the
  • the thrust applied to the rockets by the gases emitted by the charges of ejection powder such as 44 in the two diametrically opposed tubes 4 and 7 causes, after rupture of the pins such as 41 for retaining the corresponding rockets, a reaction on the plugs such as 39 corresponding to these two tubes, this reaction having a longitudinal result in the opposite direction to direction 17, along axis 1, taking into account the almost simultaneity of the two ejections and for reasons of symmetry; this reaction is transmitted from the face 141 of the annular plate 38 to the face 140 of the second part 131 of the piston 121 and, from there, to all of the latter and in particular to the plug 124; the loader 3 and the piston 121 then move as a whole integral towards the rear, with reference to the direction 17, being guided longitudinally on the one hand by the skirt 105 with which the first part 122 of the piston 121 and on the other hand by the slide 67 with which the slides 72 and 73 cooperate; this movement is accompanied by a compression of the spring 129 which then acts as
  • suitably arranged passages establish communication between the interior of the blind hole 139, the space situated between the part 131 of the piston 121 and the bottom 95 of the sleeve 92 , the space located inside the part 122 of the piston 121 and of the skirt 105 and the interior of the central tube 16 so that the air can move freely from one of these spaces to the other during the movements which have just been described, so as not to hinder these movements.
  • the recoil movement of the magazine 3 relative to the barrel 2 is accompanied by a similar movement of the slide 76, driven by the slide 72, in the slide 77; the spring 79 urging the slide 76 towards the front is then compressed, but plays only a negligible role in the damping of the movement of the loader 3 towards the rear relative to the barrel 2, and in the recall of the loader 3 towards the front; the spring 79 is in fact calculated only as a function of a return effect of the slide 76 towards the wall 83 when the loader 3 is detached from the barrel 2.
  • the electrical control means integrated in the housing 56 are designed so that, when the next actuation of the trigger 61, it is the rockets corresponding to two other weapon tubes also diametrically opposite with respect to the axis 1 which are ejected; for example, the igniter, similar to the igniter 147, equipping the weapon tube 6 is actuated, which causes the ignition of the charge of corresponding ejection powder and, with a certain delay introduced by the transmission of fire through channel 149, the ignition of the charge of ejection powder corresponding to the tube 9 diametrically opposite to the tube 6; the rockets corresponding to the tubes 6 and 9 are then ejected as was said above with regard to the rockets of the tubes 4 and 7, under the same conditions and in particular with almost simultaneity but with a slight delay of the rocket from the tube d weapon 9 relative to the rocket of the weapon tube 6; the phenomena described above are reproduced identically.
  • the igniter similar to the igniter 147, equipping the weapon tube 8 is actuated, which causes the successive ignitions of the charges of ejection powder corresponding respectively to the tube 8 and to the tube 5 diametrically opposite to this tube 8 with reference to the axis 1, by fire transmission via the channel 150; the rocket from the weapon tube 8 is then ejected, immediately followed by the rocket contained in the weapon tube 5 and the phenomena described above are reproduced identically.
  • the charger 3 is then empty of any rocket and can be disassembled to be replaced by another similar charger; for this purpose, the button 86 is pressed, which releases the slider 72 from the finger 75, and a longitudinal sliding of the loader 3 is brought forward relative to the barrel 2, until the sliders 72 and 73 are released from the slide 67 and the rear of the magazine 3 is released from the sleeve 92; by a reverse movement, a new charger is introduced until the finger 75 is placed opposite the blind hole 74, into which it automatically penetrates under the action of the spring 92, which brings the entire device back to l previously described state; the connection between the connector 144 of the piston 121 and the connector 145 of the new charger 3 takes place automatically when the faces 141 and 140 come into mutual contact; advantageously, a cam track 153 progressively moving away from the axis 1 towards the front, with reference to the direction 17, arranged behind the slide 72, makes it possible to ensure automatic erasure of the finger 75 during the introduction of the slide 72 in the slide 67, before an automatic return of
  • the embodiment of the invention which has just been described constitutes only a nonlimiting example, in particular as regards the design and positioning of the guide means of the loader 3 with longitudinal sliding relative to the barrel 2 , means imposing a limit on the possibilities of relative longitudinal displacement of the loader 3 and the barrel 2, and elastic biasing means ensuring the damping of the recoil movement of the loader 3 relative to the barrel 2 and the recall of the loader 3 towards the 'rear relative to this barrel 2; in particular, although an embodiment of the invention has been described for reasons of simplicity in which these damping and return functions are ensured by exclusively mechanical means, namely the spring 129 and incidentally the spring 79, the skilled person will readily understand that it will be advantageous to partially replace the spring 129, in its function of damping the recoil movement of the loader with respect to the barrel, a longitudinal hydraulic or pneumatic damper by then involving a spring similar to the spring 129 essentially by way of elastic return means of the loader towards the front with respect to the barrel 2 and only additionally as a means of damping
  • any other possibility could be chosen by a person skilled in the art as to the number of weapon tubes and the order of ejection of the corresponding rockets respectively.

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Claims (15)

  1. Schulterwaffe zur Verwendung als Raketenwerfer, umfaßend mindestens ein längsgerichtetes Waffenrohr (4 bis 9) eines Typs, umfaßend ein geschlossenes Querende (32 bis 37), bezogen auf eine bestimmte längsgerichtete Schußrichtung (17) hinten angeordnet, und einen Schaft (2) mindestens teilweise zum Waffenrohr (4 bis 9) quer nebeneinander liegend, und eine einen Gewehrkolben (54) bildende Vorrichtung, eine einen Griff bildende Vorrichtung und Vorrichtungen zum Abfeuern (56, 61) umfassend, wobei das Waffenrohr (4 bis 9) am Schaft durch Verbindungsmittel angeschlossen ist, umfassend:
    - Vorrichtungen (67, 72, 73, 76, 77, 105, 121) zur relativen gleitenden Führung in Längsrichtung, ausgehend von einer vorbestimmten Position des Waffenrohrs (4 bis 9) im Verhältnis zum Schaft (2), einem Zustand vor Abfeuern der Waffe entsprechend,
    - Vorrichtungen mit wechselseitigen Anschlägen (3, 116, 120,151) das Gleiten in Längsrichtung des Waffenrohrs (4 bis 9) mindestens nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), im Verhältnis zum Schaft (2), begrenzend,
    - Vorrichtungen zur elastischen Dämpfung des Gleitens des Waffenrohrs (4 bis 9) in Längsrichtung nach hinten, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), im Verhältnis zum Schaft (2),
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der besagten bestimmten Position, einem Zustand vor Abfeuern der Waffe entsprechend, die besagten Vorrichtungen zur Dämpfung (76, 79, 121, 129) das Waffenrohr (4 bis 9) am Anschlag in vorderer Richtung, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), im Verhältnis zum Schaft (2), mittels besagter Vorrichtung mit wechselseitigen Anschlägen, zurückhalten.
  2. Waffe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen zum Abfeuern (56, 61) elektrisch sind.
  3. Waffe nach irgend einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagten Vorrichtungen zur Dämpfung (76, 79, 121, 129) Vorrichtungen zur elastischen Belastung des Waffenrohrs (4 bis 9) in Längsrichtung nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17) im Verhältnis zum Schaft (2), das heißt, in Richtung der bestimmten Position, welche einem Zustand der Waffe vor dem Abfeuern entspricht, umfassen.
  4. Waffe nach irgend einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen zur Verbindung geeignet sind, die Montage und Demontage des Waffenrohrs (4 bis 9) in Bezug auf den Schaft (2), zu erlauben.
  5. Waffe nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen zur relativen gleitenden Führung in Längsrichtung (67, 72, 73, 76, 77, 105, 121) längsgerichtete Laufflächen bildende Vorrichtungen (67, 77, 105), angeordnet auf dem Schaft (2), Gleitstück bildende Vorrichtungen (72, 75, 76, 121) gleitend auf den die Laufflächen bildenden Vorrichtungen (67, 77, 106) montiert, sich einander ergänzende bewegliche Vorrichtungen zur Verriegelung (74, 75) jeweils gehalten von den Gleitstück (76) bildenden Vorrichtungen und vom Waffenrohr (4 bis 9), enthalten.
  6. Waffe nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Vorrichtungen (79, 129) zur elastischen Belastung der Gleitstück bildenden Vorrichtungen (76, 121) nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), in Bezug auf die Laufflächen bildenden Vorrichtungen (77, 105), enthält, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wechselseitigen Anschläge (83, 116, 120,151) Vorrichtungen (83, 116, 120, 151) zum Anschlag der Gleitstück bildenden Vorrichtungen (76, 121) nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17) in Bezug auf die Laufflächen bildenden Vorrichtungen (77, 105), enthalten.
  7. Waffe nach Anspruch 3 in Verbindung mit irgend einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen zur Verbindung eine mit dem Schaft (2) verbundene Längsmuffe (92), angeordnet in der hinteren Zone des Schafts (2) in Bezug auf die besagte Richtung (17), und das Waffenrohr (4 bis 9) in Längsrichtung gleitend aufnehmend, umfassen, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen (76, 79, 121, 129) zur elastischen Belastung des Waffenrohrs (4 bis 9) nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), in Bezug auf den Schaft (2), einen, in Längsrichtung in der Muffe (92) gleitenden Kolben (121) enthalten, gegen welchen sich das Waffenrohr (4 bis 9) nach hinten, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), mit dem Querende (32 bis 37) abstüzt, und Vorrichtungen (129) zur elastischen Belastung des Kolbens (121) nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), in Bezug auf die Muffe (92), und Vorrichtungen (116, 120) zum Anschlag (121) des Kolbens nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), in Bezug auf die Muffe (92), umfassen.
  8. Waffe nach irgend einem der verbundenen Ansprüche 7 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagtes geschlossenes Querende (32 bis 37), der Kolben (121) und das Waffenrohr (4 bis 9), in sich jeweils in Längsrichtung gegenüber liegenden Positionen, und sich, einander ergänzende Vorrichtungen (144, 145) zum Anschluß der Vorrichtungen zum elektrischen Abfeuern (56, 61), enthalten.
  9. Waffe nach irgend einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Mehrzahl von längsgerichteten Waffenrohren (4 bis 9) besagten Typs, wechselseitig nebeneinanderliegend und gegenseitig verbunden, angeschlossen am Schaft (2) durch besagte Vorrichtungen zur Verbindung, enthält, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Waffenrohre (4 bis 9) in gleichmäßigem Winkel um eine Längsachse (1) angeordnet sind, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen zur Dämpfung (76, 79, 121, 129) eine Aktionslinie bilden, nahezu deckungsgleich mit besagter Achse (1), zwischen den Waffenrohren (4 bis 9).
  10. Waffe nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen zum Abfeuern (56, 61) Vorrichtungen (61) zur Auswahl des Rohrs enthalten.
  11. Waffe nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzahl der Waffenrohre (4 bis 9) eine gerade Zahl ist, verteilt in Gruppen von zwei Waffenrohren wechselnd symmetrisch im Verhältnis zur besagten Achse (1) angeordnet, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen (61) zur Auswahl der Rohre aus Vorrichtungen (61) zur Auswahl von Gruppen von zwei, im Verhältnis zur besagten Achse (1) wechselseitig symmetrischen Waffenrohren, bestehen.
  12. Waffe nach irgend einem der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtungen zur Auswahl (61) automatisch und aufeinanderfolgend sind.
  13. Waffe nach irgend einem der Ansprüche 7 und 8 in kombination mit irgend einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Waffenrohre (2 bis 9) zwischen einander, der besagten Achse (1) folgend, eine längsgerichtete Lagerung (16, 109) einnehmen, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben (121) eine, der besagten Achse (1) folgende Rohrförmige Verlängerung (122) nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), im Inneren der besagten Lagerung (109) fest aufweist, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muffe (92), hinten am Kolben (121), in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), einen fest verbundenen Querboden (95) trägt, welcher einen fest verbundenen nach vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), herausragenden Bolzen (114) trägt, besagter Achse (11) folgend, wobei besagter Bolzen (114) besagte Rohrförmige Verlängerung (114) von einer Seite zur andern durchquert und einen festen Querkopf (116) als Anschlag in besagter Aufnahme (16, 109), vorne, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), in Bezug auf besagte Rohrförmige Verlängerung (122) aufweist, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte Rohrförmige Verlängerung (122) zwischen besagtem Boden (95) und besagtem Anschlagkopf (116) einen Ring (124), in Längsrichtung auf dem Bolzen (114) gleitend und jeweils nach vorn und hinten, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), gegen den Anschlagkopf (116) und eine Druck-Schraubenfeder (129), angeordnet zwischen besagtem Bolzen (114) und besagter Rohrförmiger Verlängerung (122), die Feder selbst am Boden (95) hinten, in Bezug auf besagte Richtung (17), abgestützt, umfaßt.
  14. Waffe nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querboden (95), um besagten Bolzen (114) und besagte Feder (129), im Innern der besagten Rohrförmigen Verlängerung (122), einen längsgerichteten Kolbenmantel (105) zur Führung desselben beim Gleiten in Längsrichtung, fest trägt.
  15. Waffe nach irgend einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das geschlossene Querende (32 bis 37) des Waffenrohrs (4 bis 9) eine Pyrotechnische Ladung (44) zum Ausstoß der Rakete (40) und zur Zündung Pyrotechnischer Vorrichtungen (45) des Antriebs der Rakete (40) enthält, besagte Ladung (44) geeignet, durch Betätigung der Vorrichtungen zum Abfeuern (56, 61), gezündet zu werden.
EP89400086A 1988-01-12 1989-01-11 Von der Schulter abzufeuernder Raketenwerfer Expired - Lifetime EP0324688B1 (de)

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AT89400086T ATE87733T1 (de) 1988-01-12 1989-01-11 Von der schulter abzufeuernder raketenwerfer.

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FR8800286 1988-01-12
FR8800286A FR2625800B1 (fr) 1988-01-12 1988-01-12 Arme d'epaule a usage de lance-roquette

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EP0324688B1 true EP0324688B1 (de) 1993-03-31

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CA1326148C (fr) 1994-01-18
DE68905612D1 (de) 1993-05-06
FR2625800A1 (fr) 1989-07-13
ES2039883T3 (es) 1993-10-01
DE68905612T2 (de) 1993-09-23
FR2625800B1 (fr) 1990-07-06
EP0324688A1 (de) 1989-07-19
US4895061A (en) 1990-01-23
ATE87733T1 (de) 1993-04-15

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