EP0262037B1 - Einrichtung für das Ausstossen mittels eines Flüssigkeitstreibmittels eines in einem Abschussrohr aufgestellten Projektils - Google Patents

Einrichtung für das Ausstossen mittels eines Flüssigkeitstreibmittels eines in einem Abschussrohr aufgestellten Projektils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0262037B1
EP0262037B1 EP19870402091 EP87402091A EP0262037B1 EP 0262037 B1 EP0262037 B1 EP 0262037B1 EP 19870402091 EP19870402091 EP 19870402091 EP 87402091 A EP87402091 A EP 87402091A EP 0262037 B1 EP0262037 B1 EP 0262037B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
tube
stop
charging device
projectile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870402091
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0262037A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marie Poussard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0262037A1 publication Critical patent/EP0262037A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0262037B1 publication Critical patent/EP0262037B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/04—Missile propulsion using the combustion of a liquid, loose powder or gaseous fuel, e.g. hypergolic fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the launching of projectiles such as shells placed in launch tubes, such as cannons, but more particularly mortars.
  • projectiles such as shells placed in launch tubes, such as cannons, but more particularly mortars.
  • the latter are distinguished from cannons, in that the expelled ammunition or projectile is introduced into the tube through the mouth of the latter.
  • This adjustment of the charge is carried out by eliminating certain elements of which the said charge is made up, so that only the quantity of charge necessary to deliver the desired initial speed is burned. This is done by the operator, of course before launch. It is done manually, and therefore requires a certain time, for example several seconds, which affects the effectiveness of the weapon system during combat.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to remedy this drawback by reducing the time for adjusting the propellant charge.
  • a device for loading a propellant charge in which a piston placed in a fixed initial position slides to a stop equipped with injection means which allow the passage of the liquid from the reservoir chamber delimited by said piston and said stop towards the combustion chamber is known from GB-A-2,077,888.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for loading a propellant charge into a launch tube having the Features set out in claim 1.
  • the device according to the invention comprises, as in the prior art, a tube 10 inside which there is a projectile 20 which can be introduced into the tube through the mouth of the latter.
  • the projectile no longer carries a propellant charge, but simply the military charge contained inside the warhead 22, a tail 23 and an ignition cartridge 21.
  • an energetic liquid which, like solid propellant, releases by its deflagration a very large amount of energy in the form of a volume of hot gases.
  • a liquid propellant can be used more generally as a liquid.
  • the operating principle envisaged is as follows.
  • the ignition cartridge 21 is initiated by the impact of the projectile at the bottom of the tube 10 or any other mechanical means.
  • This ignition cartridge no longer initiates the propellant charge, but has the function of increasing the pressure in the combustion chamber marked 1, which is delimited by the tube 10, the rear part of the projectile 20, the sealing of that -this being provided by a seal 24.
  • the propellant charge constituted by the liquid, must be initiated to deflagrate and expel or eject the projectile out of the tube.
  • the means for loading the propellant charge further comprise a piston 2 sliding inside the tube 1 and a stop 5, these three elements delimiting a reservoir chamber 4 of determined volume which can contain a determined quantity of liquid.
  • the piston is equipped with injection means 3 which allow, during the operation of the ignition cartridge, the injection into the combustion chamber 1 of the liquid contained in the reservoir chamber 4.
  • the injection means 3 operate jointly with the descent of the piston 2 towards the stop 5 in which it slides. This descent is caused by the pressure rise in the combustion chamber 1, by means of the combustion gases from the cartridge 21 striking the piston.
  • the volume of the reservoir chamber 4 decreases, the pressure inside this chamber rises, and the injection means 3 allow the passage of the liquid in the combustion chamber 1.
  • the dimensioning of the chambers 1 and 4, the times of lowering of the piston 2 on the stop 5 and the properties of combustion of the liquid are provided so that the liquid contained in the reservoir 3 is completely consumed before the projectile has left the launching tube 10.
  • the propellant charge is adjusted as follows.
  • the liquid is available at the inlet 9 of the stop 5 at a pressure sufficient for filling the reservoir chamber 4.
  • a reservoir 14 of liquid can therefore be provided outside the tube 10, the liquid being kept there at a sufficient pressure using, for example, compressed gas. It is thus possible, thanks to a valve 11 placed before the inlet 9 to fill at will the reservoir chamber 4.
  • the volume of this reservoir chamber is adjustable, that is to say that the piston 2 can be positioned in a determined manner to obtain a volume of liquid compatible with the shot to perform.
  • the filling pressures are around 5 to 20 bars, while the pressures delivered by the cartridge in the chamber are around 50 to 300 bars, the pressures in the chambers being able to vary from 1000 to 10,000 bars.
  • the piston positioning means are constituted by its central rod 17, allowing it to slide inside the stop 5, a positioning ring 19 slidably mounted around the rod 7 outside the reservoir chamber 4, and which can come into abutment on a widening 18 of the end of the rod 17.
  • a sheath 6 secured to the positioning ring 19 has at least one rack 8 formed on the outer surface of the latter, and in which comes to mesh with a toothed wheel 7, operable from outside the tube. The rotation of this toothed wheel causes the sheath 6 and the positioning ring to translate 19.
  • the arrival of the propellant under pressure, between the stop 5 and the piston head 2 drives the latter forward.
  • the toothed wheel can be driven by an electric motor 12, itself controlled by means of a control wire 14, by a control console 15 on which the operator ur can prepare and control the setting of the tank chamber.
  • the means for positioning the ring 19 may be different from those which have just been described in the previous paragraph.
  • a hydraulic system with jacks can directly control the translation of the sleeve 6, always by means of a control device such as a console 15.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B represent, in two operating positions, a possible embodiment of the means 3 for injecting the liquid from the reservoir chamber 4 into the combustion chamber 1.
  • These means constitute an assembly resembling a valve.
  • the tube 10 the combustion chamber 1, the reservoir chamber 4 and the piston composed of several parts, including mainly the body of the piston marked 30.
  • This body has at least one bore 31 adjusted to the inside diameter of the tube and on which sealing means are provided, for example an O-ring 32.
  • the body is extended by the rod 37 inside which slides a distribution bar 38.
  • the hollow rod 37 has in a determined transverse plane at least one perforation 39 which places the interior of this hollow rod in communication with the reservoir chamber 4.
  • the distributor bar 38 is also pierced with at least one hole 40 with a transverse axis close to the axis of the hole 39.
  • This distributor bar is also pierced longitudinally so that a cavity 41 can be in communication with the hole 40 and opens in the direction of the combustion chamber 1.
  • the diameters of the holes 39 and 40 do not overlap, so that the reservoir chamber 4 is not in communication with the cavity 41.
  • the distributor bar can slide in the hollow rod 37 so as to put the holes 39 and 40 in coincidence (FIG. 3B), and in such a way as to put the reservoir chamber 4 into communication with the cavity 41.
  • this injection means is as follows.
  • the pressure rises in the combustion chamber 1 the latter tends to push back the distributor bar 38, previously positioned by a spring 46 bearing on the bottom of the distributor bar 38.
  • This translation therefore puts the cavity 41 into communication with the chamber tank 4 and at the same time, by detaching the distributor bar 38 relative to the cap 42, the combustion chamber 1 with the tank chamber 4.
  • the piston also being translated by the pressure build-up in the combustion chamber, the liquid contained in the reservoir chamber 4 passes through the holes 39 and 40, and the cavity 41 to arrive in the combustion chamber.
  • the projectile is inserted into the tube laterally or vertically through the bottom of the tube, but not through the mouth.
  • the pressure build-up inside the combustion chamber can then be caused by the remote-controlled triggering, or commanded from outside the tube, of an ignition cartridge which may have been fixed in the workshop to the projectile.
  • the volumes of the reservoir 4 and combustion 1 chambers will be modified according to the performance to be achieved by such a barrel.
  • the volume of the combustion chamber 1 can also be defined by the geometry of the ignition cartridge, the latter being specific to each type of ammunition.
  • the reservoir chamber 4, inside which the piston slides may have a diameter much greater than that of the actual barrel tube. This also applies to mortars.

Claims (10)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Laden einer flüssigen Treibladung in einen rohrförmigen Lauf (10), der einen dicht in den rohrförmigen Lauf gleitenden Kolben (2) aufweist und mit diesem und einem Projektil (20) eine Brennkammer (1) definiert, wobei ein erster Anschlag (5) in dem rohrförmigen Lauf angeordnet ist und mit diesem und dem Kolben eine Tankkammer (4) bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Stellring (19) vorgesehen ist, der einen zweiten Anschlag bildet und dessen Lage eine bestimmte Menge der für das Ausstoßen des Projektils notwendigen flüssigen Treibladung definiert, und daß der Druck, mit dem die flüssige Treibladung in die Tankkammer (4) eingefüllt wird, eine Verschiebung des Kolbens vom ersten Anschlag bis zum zweiten Anschlag bewirkt und somit den Kolbenhub begrenzt.
  2. Ladevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben eine Kolbenstange (17) besitzt, die durch den Anschlag (5) hindurch gleitet und in einem Fuß (18) endet, wobei dieser Fuß (18) beim Gleiten des Kolbens (2) während des Füllens der Tankkammer an den zweiten Anschlag (19) anschlägt, der um die Kolbenstange (17) herum außerhalb der Tankkammer (4) gleitend montiert ist und in Längsrichtung von einer Muffe (6) in Stellung gebracht wird, die sich in dem rohrförmigen Lauf (10) befindet und deren Verschiebung von außen gesteuert werden kann.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muffe von einem Kraftorgan translatorisch gesteuert wird, das seinerseits von außerhalb des rohrförmigen Laufs (10) gesteuert wird.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muffe (6) auf ihrer Außenoberfläche eine Zahnstange (8) trägt, in die ein Zahnrad (7) eingreift, dessen Drehung von einer Bedienungsperson von außen gesteuert wird.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zahnrad (7) von einem Elektromotor (12) gesteuert wird, das seinerseits von einem Steuerpult (15) aus betätigt wird.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die flüssige Treibladung in die Tankkammer (4) über ein außerhalb des rohrförmigen Laufs (10) liegendes Ventil (11) eingeführt wird, das die Zufuhr des flüssigen Treibmittels in die Tankkammer über einen Eingang (9) durch den Anschlag (5) erlaubt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einspritzmittel des Kolbens durch Kompression der flüssigen Treibladung in der Tankkammer (4) aufgrund einer durch Erhöhung des Drucks in der Brennkammer (1) bewirkten Verschiebung des Kolbens (2) in Richtung auf den Anschlag (5) wirksam gemacht werden, wobei diese Erhöhung des Drucks von der Entspannung der aus der Patrone (2) des Projektils (20) kommenden Gase herrührt.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Projektil (20) in den rohrförmigen Lauf (10) durch dessen Mündung eingeführt wird, und daß die Vorrichtung an den Minenwrfer angepaßt ist, wobei die Entspannung der Gase der Patrone (21) des Projektils durch den Schlag des Projektils auf den Kolben (2) ausgelöst wird.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Projektil (20) von unten in den Lauf (10) eingeführt wird und daß die Vorrichtung an eine Kanone angepaßt ist, wobei die Entspannung der Gase der Patrone (21) des Projektils von außerhalb des Laufs ferngesteuert oder mechanisch gesteuert ausgelöst wird.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einspritzmittel aus einer Einheit bestehen, die von einem Ventil im Inneren des Kolbens (2) gebildet wird, wobei dieses Ventil auf den Druckanstieg der Detonationsgase der Patrone (21) des Projektils (20) in der Verbrennungskammer (1) anspricht und somit in Verbindung mit der Abwärtsbewegung des Kolbens (2) zum Anschlag (5) den Durchlaß der Treibladung von der Tankkammer (4) in die Brennkammer (1) ermöglicht.
EP19870402091 1986-09-23 1987-09-18 Einrichtung für das Ausstossen mittels eines Flüssigkeitstreibmittels eines in einem Abschussrohr aufgestellten Projektils Expired - Lifetime EP0262037B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8613285 1986-09-23
FR8613285A FR2604247B1 (fr) 1986-09-23 1986-09-23 Dispositif d'ejection au moyen d'une charge propulsive liquide d'un projectile place dans un tube de lancement.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0262037A1 EP0262037A1 (de) 1988-03-30
EP0262037B1 true EP0262037B1 (de) 1991-05-08

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EP19870402091 Expired - Lifetime EP0262037B1 (de) 1986-09-23 1987-09-18 Einrichtung für das Ausstossen mittels eines Flüssigkeitstreibmittels eines in einem Abschussrohr aufgestellten Projektils

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EP (1) EP0262037B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2604247B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2684438B1 (fr) * 1988-06-07 1994-06-03 Thomson Brandt Armements Canon utilisant une charge propulsive liquide.
FR2677741B1 (fr) * 1988-06-17 1994-03-04 Thomson Brandt Armements Canon a injection regeneratrice d'ergol liquide.
FR2944347B1 (fr) * 2009-04-10 2011-04-29 Tda Armements Sas Mortier a precision amelioree et procede de commande du mortier
CN110017727A (zh) * 2019-05-20 2019-07-16 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院 一种高速弹体发射试验装置
CN112179219B (zh) * 2020-08-24 2022-05-27 南京理工大学 一种液体发射药火炮加注系统及其工作方法
CN114485262B (zh) * 2022-01-29 2024-03-29 重庆零壹空间航天科技有限公司 一种用于导弹倾斜发射可靠性验证的系统

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1523317A (en) * 1923-06-07 1925-01-13 Turner Clifford Powderless machine gun
US4341147A (en) * 1980-06-16 1982-07-27 General Electric Company Coaxial dual hollow piston regenerative liquid propellant gun
US4523508A (en) * 1983-11-02 1985-06-18 General Electric Company In-line annular piston fixed bolt regenerative liquid propellant gun
US4586422A (en) * 1984-04-10 1986-05-06 General Electric Company In-line annular piston fixed bolt regenerative variable charge liquid propellant gun with variable hydraulic control of piston

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Publication number Publication date
FR2604247A1 (fr) 1988-03-25
EP0262037A1 (de) 1988-03-30
FR2604247B1 (fr) 1990-10-19

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