EP0661513A1 - Treibanordnung für Geschosse - Google Patents

Treibanordnung für Geschosse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0661513A1
EP0661513A1 EP94402720A EP94402720A EP0661513A1 EP 0661513 A1 EP0661513 A1 EP 0661513A1 EP 94402720 A EP94402720 A EP 94402720A EP 94402720 A EP94402720 A EP 94402720A EP 0661513 A1 EP0661513 A1 EP 0661513A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
chamber
passage
assembly according
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94402720A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Guy Valembois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Original Assignee
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA filed Critical Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Publication of EP0661513A1 publication Critical patent/EP0661513A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/06—Adjusting the range without varying elevation angle or propellant charge data, e.g. by venting a part of the propulsive charge gases, or by adjusting the capacity of the cartridge or combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of propulsion assemblies for projectiles, in particular the field of systems for projectile launching tubes.
  • the present invention finds particular, but not exclusive, application in the field of weapons. It is not limited in fact to this preferred application, but can be used in any projectile launcher, such as for example rocket launching tubes for fireworks, alarm signals, anti-hail rockets, or even in launching tubes on test benches in which the projectiles can be formed for example of carriages or the like, in particular for impact tests, etc.
  • projectile launcher such as for example rocket launching tubes for fireworks, alarm signals, anti-hail rockets, or even in launching tubes on test benches in which the projectiles can be formed for example of carriages or the like, in particular for impact tests, etc.
  • a barrel tube 10 a breech or a bottom 12 closing the tube 10 at one end and a pressure source 14, generally formed of a pyrotechnic cartridge.
  • the explosion of the pyrotechnic cartridge 14 generates in this chamber 16, a driving pressure for the projectile 20.
  • the latter is set in motion, and the increase in volume of the chamber 16 induces the expansion of the gases up to 'when venting the chamber 16 when the projectile 20 leaves the barrel tube 10 as shown in Figure 2.
  • the integral, during this time, of the pressure, multiplied by the section of the barrel tube 10, gives the impetus for the shot.
  • damping means between the launcher tube and a reference, for example a shoulder rest, or a carriage mount for the launch tube.
  • propulsion systems comprising a chamber integrated at the rear of the projectile, which chamber is designed to receive a source of pressure and opens to the outside via at least one nozzle.
  • the present invention now aims to improve the projectile propulsion systems, in order to improve their performance.
  • a propulsion assembly for projectile of the type comprising a chamber which houses a pressure source, characterized in that said chamber communicates with an expansion space by means of a passage. controlled by a servo valve to control the driving pressure of the projectile.
  • the assembly comprises a launcher tube defining a detent chamber capable of receiving a projectile and a source of pressure communicating with the detent chamber of the tube which receives the projectile, characterized by the fact that it further comprises an intermediate chamber which houses the pressure source and which communicates with the expansion chamber via the passage controlled by the servo valve.
  • the passage controlled by the servo valve is adapted to define a constant pressure in the expansion chamber.
  • the intermediate chamber can be integrated into a launcher tube.
  • the present invention also relates to projectiles equipped with an intermediate chamber, as well as independent components of the tube and projectiles, equipped with an intermediate chamber and adapted to be placed between the bottom of the launcher tube and a projectile.
  • Document WO-A-9107636 describes a projectile comprising timed ejection means for a charge. More specifically, this document describes a launcher comprising a non-pressure source shown, suitable for launching a projectile.
  • the projectile includes a payload, a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber.
  • a valve supplies the first pressure chamber from the source.
  • the first pressure chamber also communicates with the second pressure chamber via a calibrated orifice. More precisely, the second chamber is defined between a piston capable of pushing the payload and a casing defining the first chamber, the piston and the casing being connected by a shearable pin.
  • the first chamber is filled, according to the essential characteristic of this document, by a fibrous material.
  • the operation of this projectile is essentially as follows. When launching the first chamber is charged at constant pressure via the valve. The pressure in the second chamber gradually increases until the pin breaks. The piston then deposits the payload with sudden rise in pressure in the second chamber thanks to the passage thus cleared of the connection between the two
  • the system preferably comprises a launcher tube 100 defining a detent chamber 116 capable of receiving a projectile 200 and a pressure source 140 communicating with the detent chamber 116. More precisely according to the invention an intermediate chamber 150 is provided which houses the pressure source 140 and which communicates with the expansion chamber 116 via a passage 170, controlled by a servo valve.
  • This intermediate chamber 150 may be secured to the tube 100, preferably being placed at the bottom of the tube 100, as shown in FIG. 4, or else secured to the projectile 200, preferably being placed behind the latter. ci, as shown in FIG. 5, or even produced on an element independent of the tube 100 and of the projectile 200 and preferably placed between the bottom 112 of the tube 100 and the projectile 200 as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the passage 170 is preferably adapted to define a constant pressure in the expansion chamber 116.
  • the intermediate chamber 150 is put under high pressure, for example at several hundred bars, during the initiation of the source 140, for example, after percussion, and explosion, in the case of a source 140 composed of a cartridge pyrotechnic.
  • the gases from this intermediate chamber 150 escape through the controlled passage 170 provided for this purpose, to supply the expansion chamber 116, preferably at constant pressure calibrated by the controlled passage 170 advantageously formed of a pressure reducing valve.
  • controlled passage 170 advantageously formed of a pressure reducing valve, be dimensioned to allow a sufficient flow of gas until the projectile 200 is expelled.
  • the passage 170 is preferably adapted to impose a constant pressure in the expansion chamber 116.
  • the passage 170 can be adapted to define an evolution of the pressure in the expansion chamber 116 as a function of the various parameters.
  • the present invention therefore makes it possible, for the same firing pulse generated by the source 140, to considerably limit the maximum pressure in the tube 100.
  • This characteristic can in particular be understood during a comparative examination of the traditional pressure distribution in a tube 10 and the constant pressure distribution proposed in the context of the invention in a tube 100, opposite FIG. 3.
  • a long gun capable of delivering a 90 N / s pulse to a mass of 1.1 kg has a pressure curve with a maximum of about 50 to 150 bars. Assuming the length of the tube of 800mm and for a gauge of 80mm, 9 bars are enough to obtain the same impulse, if this pressure does not drop during the firing but remains constant.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce the pressure peak in the launcher tube, from 50 to 150 bars on prior systems at a pressure of 9 bars in the context of the invention.
  • intermediate chamber 150 must be dimensioned to withstand the high pressures developed by the source 140 (comparable to the pressure peaks shown in FIG. 2).
  • the intermediate chamber 150 must be adapted to receive the pressure source 140, in particular to allow the fixing and the percussion of a pyrotechnic cartridge when the source 140 is composed of such a cartridge.
  • the controlled passage 170 is preferably formed of a pressure reducing valve allowing the circulation of the gases outside the intermediate chamber 150, at a constant controlled discharge pressure.
  • This exemplary embodiment relates to an embodiment in which the intermediate chamber 150 is contained in the projectile 200.
  • the intermediate chamber 150 is formed at the rear part of the projectile 200. This mode is in no way limiting. It allows the use of suitable projectiles in existing tube systems.
  • the body 210 is preferably adjusted to the internal caliber of the tube 100. It may have on its outer periphery a seal 212, housed in a groove 214, to guarantee the absence of leakage between the outer periphery of the projectile 200 and the tube 100.
  • the body 210 has a cavity 220, preferably centered on the axis O-O of the projectile and opening onto the rear face 216 of the latter.
  • the cavity 220 defines on the one hand the intermediate chamber 150, on the other hand a housing receiving a distributor 230.
  • the cavity 220 is advantageously symmetrical in revolution around the axis O-O.
  • the housing receiving the distributor 230 is preferably cylindrical of revolution around the axis O-O.
  • the intermediate chamber 150 is preferably of annular shape and placed on the outside of the aforementioned housing by opening into it.
  • the distributor 230 is advantageously cylindrical of revolution around the axis O-O.
  • the distributor 230 itself has a blind bore 232 opening onto its rear face 231.
  • the bore 232 is also centered on the axis O-O. It is adapted to serve as a receptacle for the pressure source 140, advantageously formed of a pyrotechnic cartridge.
  • the bore 232 can be closed at its rear end by a sealing plug 233 having a central bore 234 authorizing the passage of a striker for striking the cartridge housed in the bore 232.
  • the plug 233 provides sealing of bore 232 to prevent gas leaks at this level.
  • such a plug 233 can be omitted, the main thing being to allow access to the striker on the source 140 and sealing on the rear thereof.
  • the envelope of the cartridge 140 can perform this function.
  • the distributor 230 is adjusted in the recess of the cavity 220 of the body 210 in order to be able to translate therein parallel to the axis OO.
  • the distributor 230 thus advantageously has a range cylindrical 236, at its front end, slidably mounted in a complementary surface 222 formed in the cavity 220.
  • an O-ring seal 238 placed in a groove of the distributor 230 or of the body 210 seals between these ranges 236 , 222.
  • the seal 238 makes it possible to ensure the seal between the intermediate chamber 150 formed in the cavity 220 and the front part 224 of this cavity brought to atmospheric pressure by means of at least one conduit 226 which connects this front part 224 of the cavity 220 and the outer periphery of the projectile 200.
  • the distributor 230 is also guided at its rear end by a range 239 of the distributor cooperating with a complementary range 229 formed in the cavity 220. However, at this level, we note that while being guided in translation along the axis OO, the distributor 230 is adapted to allow a passage of gas from the intermediate chamber 15 0 to the area behind the 200 projectile.
  • the rear end of the distributor 230 and the rear end of the body 210 define in combination the controlled passage 170 formed by a valve whose opening depends on the relative position of the distributor 230 / body 210.
  • the dispenser 230 thus comprises 4 recesses 240 equidistributed around the axis O-O and which open on its outer periphery, between ribs 242, at a distance from its axial ends.
  • the ribs 242 serve as bearing surfaces 239 ensuring the guiding of the distributor 230 along the axis O-O.
  • the recesses 240 communicate with the annular intermediate chamber 150 formed in the body 210 around the distributor 230. Furthermore, the recesses 240 allow, in the open position of the valve 170, the passage of gas from the intermediate chamber 150 to the rear zone of the projectile 200, as seen on examining FIG. 7.
  • the distributor 230 comprises at its rear end a conical shoulder 244 which defines, in cooperation with a complementary frustoconical bearing 218 of the body 210, the controlled valve 170.
  • a spring 250 is interposed between the front face 152 of the intermediate chamber 150 and an elastic ring or circlips 246 secured to the distributor 230.
  • the spring 250 biases the distributor 230 rearward, ie towards an opening position of the passage 170.
  • the elastic ring 246 projects on the outer periphery of the distributor 230 and thus limits the rearward movement of the distributor when it bears against the rear face 154 of the intermediate chamber 150.
  • Different holes 248 make it possible to connect the internal bore 232 of the distributor 230 receiving the pressure source 140 to the recesses 240 and therefore to the intermediate chamber 150.
  • FIG. 8 shows the system in the closed position of the valve 170.
  • the spring 250 can be the subject of numerous variant embodiments. It can be formed of a spiral spring as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 appended, or else of a stack of elastic washers, or even of a volume of compressed gas. The spring 250 can also be placed outside the intermediate chamber 150.
  • the percussion of the cartridge 140 causes the latter to explode, then the circulation of gases to the intermediate chamber 150 via the bores 248 and the recesses 240, and from there to the expansion chamber 116 by the intermediate of the controlled passage 170.
  • This mechanism therefore allows the pressure control in the expansion chamber 116.
  • the internal pressure in the intermediate supply chamber 150 remains significantly higher than the pressure in the intermediate chamber 116.
  • the profile of the recesses 240 is preferably such that the internal pressure prevailing in them does not exert an axial force on the distributor 230.
  • the position balance of the distributor 230 is defined by the equilibrium between l 'thrust force on the rear face 231 of the distributor, due to the pressure prevailing in the expansion chamber 116, and the force of the spring 250.
  • the recesses 240 can be modified so that the pressure prevailing in them exerts an axial force on the distributor 230.
  • the position of the distributor is defined by the differential pressure between the intermediate chamber 250 and the expansion chamber 116, as well as by the difference in section between the surfaces on which these pressures are exerted, and not by the mere pressure in the chamber 116.
  • FIG. 10 We find in Figure 10 attached a distributor 230 comparable to that illustrated in Figures 7 to 9. Again the distributor defines in cooperation with the body 210 secured to the projectile 200, on the one hand an intermediate chamber 150, on the other hand a controlled passage 170.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 10 differs essentially from that shown in Figures 7 to 9 previously described by the fact that the spring 250 is formed of a pneumatic cylinder. More precisely according to FIG. 10, the part 224 of the cavity 220 located in front of the distributor 230 is no longer connected to the atmosphere via conduits 226, but on the contrary this front part 224 of the cavity 220 is formed by '' a tight volume. Furthermore, preferably the front part 224 of the cavity 220 forming a pneumatic spring is preferably equipped with a valve 225 making it possible to control the internal setting pressure in this chamber 224.
  • FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment according to which the passage 170 is no longer controlled by a distributor 230 forming a valve, movable relative to the body 210 delimiting the intermediate chamber 150, but by an elastic wall 260 made of material on the body 210 or attached to this body 210 and thus delimiting a part of the intermediate chamber 150.
  • a body 210 which has a bore 232 adapted to receive a pyrotechnic cartridge 140 and which communicates with the intermediate chamber 150 by holes 248.
  • This intermediate chamber 150 is separated from the expansion chamber 116 by the elastic wall 260.
  • the intermediate wall 260 has the shape of a ring transverse to the axis OO and connected by its periphery radially internal to the rear part of the element forming the bore 232.
  • the controlled passage 170 is thus formed between the outer periphery of the elastic wall 260 and an annular shoulder 219 formed on the rear end of the body 210.
  • the controlled passage 170 thus has the form of an annular lumen.
  • FIG. 11 shows the system in the open position of the passage 170
  • the lower half-view of the same FIG. 11 shows the system in position. closing the same passage 170.
  • a high pressure in the intermediate chamber 150 closes the section of the passage 170, while a lower pressure in the intermediate chamber 150 tends to open this passage 170.
  • the pressure prevailing in the intermediate chamber 150 being much higher than that prevailing in the expansion space 116, it can be considered that the passage 170 is controlled essentially by the pressure of the chamber 150.
  • the projectile shown in FIG. 11 can be used alone, that is to say without a launching tube.
  • the source generating the driving pressure for the projectile is not limited to a pyrotechnic cartridge, but can be replaced by any equivalent means, such as for example a source of compressed air.
  • the system according to the present invention can also be adapted to deliver a law of pressure distribution over time that is not constant, adapted to any particular shooting specification.
  • controlled passage 170 may be defined by any means equivalent to those previously described.
  • propulsion assembly in accordance with the present invention is compatible with all known recoil damping means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP94402720A 1993-11-30 1994-11-29 Treibanordnung für Geschosse Withdrawn EP0661513A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9314301 1993-11-30
FR9314301A FR2713324B1 (fr) 1993-11-30 1993-11-30 Ensemble de propulsion pour projectile.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0661513A1 true EP0661513A1 (de) 1995-07-05

Family

ID=9453360

Family Applications (1)

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EP94402720A Withdrawn EP0661513A1 (de) 1993-11-30 1994-11-29 Treibanordnung für Geschosse

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EP (1) EP0661513A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2136935A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2713324B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013187931A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2013-12-19 Battelle Memorial Institute Caseless projectile and launching system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2764682B1 (fr) 1997-06-11 1999-09-03 Lacroix Soc E Ensemble de propulsion pour projectile limitant l'effort de recul

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3628415A (en) * 1970-01-27 1971-12-21 Stuart H Mcelroy Mortar
WO1991007636A1 (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-05-30 Saab Missiles Aktiebolag Projectile for the dispersal of a load with time delay

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3628415A (en) * 1970-01-27 1971-12-21 Stuart H Mcelroy Mortar
WO1991007636A1 (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-05-30 Saab Missiles Aktiebolag Projectile for the dispersal of a load with time delay

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
O'BRASKY ET AL.: "Incrementing propellant charges", NAVY TECHN. DISCLOS. BULL., vol. III, no. 3, March 1978 (1978-03-01), DAHLGREN VIRGINIA, pages 7 - 13 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013187931A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2013-12-19 Battelle Memorial Institute Caseless projectile and launching system
US9500420B2 (en) 2011-12-20 2016-11-22 Battelle Memorial Institute Caseless projectile and launching system
US9759499B2 (en) 2011-12-20 2017-09-12 Battelle Memorial Institute Caseless projectile and launching system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2713324B1 (fr) 1996-02-23
FR2713324A1 (fr) 1995-06-09
CA2136935A1 (fr) 1995-05-31

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