EP3924682B1 - Munitionsförderer und turm mit solch einem förderer - Google Patents

Munitionsförderer und turm mit solch einem förderer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3924682B1
EP3924682B1 EP20709324.6A EP20709324A EP3924682B1 EP 3924682 B1 EP3924682 B1 EP 3924682B1 EP 20709324 A EP20709324 A EP 20709324A EP 3924682 B1 EP3924682 B1 EP 3924682B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
conveyor
wedges
cradle
piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20709324.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3924682A1 (de
Inventor
Yves Martinez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexter Systems SA
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Nexter Systems SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3924682A1 publication Critical patent/EP3924682A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
    • F41A9/11—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a horizontal plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
    • F41A9/22—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating in a horizontal direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/24—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element
    • F41A9/26—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element using a revolving drum magazine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/22—Locking of ammunition in transport containers

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of ammunition conveyors incorporating a device for wedging the ammunition.
  • Automatic loading systems for large caliber weapons generally include at least one ammunition magazine which is used to feed a weapon.
  • the transfer of each ammunition between the magazine and the weapon is done by means of a motorized conveyor.
  • Each magazine comprises a tubular conveyor which collects ammunition from a cell of the magazine in order to then align it with the bore of the weapon in order to chamber the ammunition.
  • the ammunition then risks being incorrectly placed in the cradle, falling, being damaged, or even incorrectly presented at the level of the weapon, which can cause jamming and safety problems.
  • the patent FR2572172 discloses a container intended to transport ammunition from a manufacturing unit to a storage reserve and from this storage reserve to the breech of a weapon.
  • This container comprises a rigid casing bearing radial wedges distributed angularly in a regular manner around the longitudinal axis of the casing.
  • Such a container is not adapted to be placed permanently in a weapon to form a conveyor that can be associated for example with the turret described by the patent DE3328208 .
  • the ammunition cannot be introduced into an empty container by the front face of the container when the bars are engaged because the wedges then obstruct the entry of the ammunition. The release of the wedgings would make it necessary to put in place another means of withdrawing the strips in the vicinity of a loading barrel, which would be detrimental to the compactness of the conveyor.
  • the invention proposes to produce an ammunition conveyor making it possible to solve the problems encountered with the prior art.
  • the conveyor according to the invention can be associated with a turret comprising rotary magazines and ensures a wedging of the transported ammunition while allowing a movement of the ammunition in both directions relative to the conveyor.
  • the subject of the invention is an ammunition conveyor comprising a cradle intended to contain ammunition, conveyor characterized in that it comprises wedges distributed angularly in a regular manner around a longitudinal axis of the cradle, wedges able to slide radially through of openings between a position engaged in the cradle and a position disengaged from the cradle by the introduction of ammunition which pushes the wedges and against the action of at least one elastic means bringing the wedges back into the engaged position, each wedge being able be locked in the engaged position by the action of at least one cam integral with the conveyor and having an inclined surface cooperating with at least one inclined plane carried by the wedge, the surfaces and inclined planes being arranged so that a translation movement of the cam controlled by an actuator causes a radial translation of the wedge, each wedge then being wedged between the cam and the ammunition and ensuring immobilization tion of the ammunition relative to the cradle.
  • the cradle can be translated longitudinally relative to the conveyor, the translation of the cradle making it possible to move the wedges away from their cams which are integral with the conveyor, which unlocks the wedges and allows the sliding of the ammunition on the cradle.
  • the cradle may comprise two groups of wedges, a first group formed of substantially parallelepipedic wedges comprising a flat face which bears on the external cylindrical surface of the ammunition and which will ensure radial immobilization of the ammunition and a second group of wedges each comprising a tooth profile intended to cooperate with a groove of the ammunition to ensure axial immobilization thereof.
  • the parallelepipedal wedges of the first group of wedges may each comprise two inclined planes, each inclined plane being disposed at one longitudinal end of the wedge.
  • the invention also relates to a turret for a military vehicle comprising at least one ammunition magazine comprising a plurality of parallel cells and an ammunition conveyor according to the preceding characteristics, the turret which is characterized in that the conveyor is pivotally mounted on an axis and can be placed in a first position coaxial with a cell of the magazine to take ammunition from it and a second position coaxial with a tube of a weapon of the turret to allow loading.
  • the store may include an extraction means making it possible to push ammunition to extract it from the cell and place it in the cradle when the latter is coaxial with the cell of the store at the level of which is placed the means of extraction.
  • the magazine may have the shape of a barrel.
  • the turret may comprise two barrels arranged symmetrically on either side of a vertical plane passing through the axis of the weapon.
  • the extraction means may comprise a pushing chain.
  • the conveyor of the turret may comprise a pusher allowing, in its second position, the positioning in the tube of the weapon of the ammunition which is placed in the cradle, the pusher causing the translation of the cradle along the conveyor until it is positioned near the tube of the weapon as well as the unlocking of the wedges.
  • a turret 100 fitted to an armored vehicle, not shown, comprises a large-caliber weapon 101 as well as two rotary magazines 102a and 102b of the barrel type, each comprising cells intended to contain ammunition (ammunition not visible).
  • the barrels 102a and 102b are arranged symmetrically on either side of a vertical plane passing through the axis of the weapon 101 and they are arranged in such a way that each barrel 102a and 102b can each pivot of its cells at an angular position, called loading, in which the longitudinal axis of the cell O1 or O2 converges towards a pivot point 103 of a conveyor 104 for ammunition.
  • the conveyor 104 can therefore be alternately aligned with a cell of a first barrel 102a which is in the loading position then with the tube of the weapon 101 (for a determined aiming site) then with a cell of the second barrel 102b which is also at a loading position.
  • Each barrel 102a and 102b includes an ammunition extraction means 105 which includes a pusher chain 105.
  • the pushing chain 105 has the function of pushing on a front part of an ammunition (for example a warhead of an ammunition 200 shown in dotted lines on the figure 1 ) occupying a cell 102c in the loading position so as to deposit the ammunition 200 in the conveyor 104 when it is aligned opposite the cell (the different alignment positions of the conveyor with the cells are shown in dotted lines).
  • an ammunition for example a warhead of an ammunition 200 shown in dotted lines on the figure 1
  • the pushing chain 105 has the function of pushing on a front part of an ammunition (for example a warhead of an ammunition 200 shown in dotted lines on the figure 1 ) occupying a cell 102c in the loading position so as to deposit the ammunition 200 in the conveyor 104 when it is aligned opposite the cell (the different alignment positions of the conveyor with the cells are shown in dotted lines).
  • the pusher chain 105 returns to an initial position where it is outside the now empty cell 102c which makes it possible to possibly rotate the barrel 102a or 102b to present another cell 102c containing another ammunition at the level from the loading position.
  • Such an extraction means 105 which stresses the ammunition in thrust allows rapid and safe extraction because the ammunition is stressed in a direction in which it is robust, conversely to the tensile stresses on the base of the ammunition which could damage the combustible case of the ammunition, the latter being designed to resist above all compression.
  • the thrust will preferably take place around the ogive of the projectile by a finger having an appropriate shape.
  • the thrust will take place around the front part of the sabot.
  • the conveyor 104 comprises a wedging device 1 for an ammunition 200, a device which is intended to secure the conveying of an ammunition 200 located in the conveyor 104, during the mobility and firing phases of the vehicle or during the phases of weapon feed from one of the cylinders.
  • the device 1 of the conveyor 104 comprises a cradle 2 adopting a tubular or partially tubular shape.
  • the cradle 2 is capable of sliding longitudinally relative to the conveyor 104 in order to compensate for the distance D visible at the figure 1 when loading the ammunition into the weapon.
  • Cradle 2 is thus configured as a carriage that can move relative to conveyor 104 on guide bushings.
  • the device 1 comprises wedges 3 distributed angularly in a regular manner around the longitudinal axis X of the cradle 2 and passing through radial openings 11 of the cradle 2.
  • the wedges 3a, 3b can slide radially between a position engaged in the cradle 2 and a position disengaged from the cradle 2 against the action of at least one elastic means 4 bringing the wedges back into the engaged position.
  • the device comprises two groups of wedges 3a, 3b.
  • a first group of shims 3a is formed of substantially parallelepipedic shims comprising a flat face intended to be applied to the external cylindrical surface of the ammunition.
  • These first wedges 3a are arranged so as to extend along generatrices of the body of the ammunition 200 and are intended, when they are locked in the engaged position, to wedge the ammunition 200 radially, ideally by aligning the axis of the ammunition with the longitudinal axis X of the cradle as at figure 2 .
  • a person skilled in the art may choose to position the contact zones Z axially between the ammunition and the wedges 3a depending on the local mass of the different parts of the ammunition.
  • a second group of shims 3b is located towards the rear rear of the cradle 2.
  • Each of these second shims 3b comprises a tooth profile 12 which is intended to cooperate with a groove 201 of the ammunition 200 to ensure axial immobilization thereof. this.
  • Each wedge 3 is returned by default to the engaged position by the elastic means 4 such as leaf springs.
  • the elastic means 4 such as leaf springs.
  • an elastic strip 4 per wedge 3 one end of which is inserted into the wedge in question.
  • each blade 4 thus makes it possible to translate a wedge 3a or 3b radially towards the inside of the cradle 2, and through the corresponding openings 11.
  • each wedge 3 has at its base at least one inclined plane 5 relative to the direction of translation of the wedge 3.
  • This inclined plane 5 is intended to cooperate in shape concordance with an inclined surface 6 carried by one end of a cam 8.
  • the inclined planes and surfaces are arranged so that an axial translation of the cam 8, parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the cradle 2, and in the direction of the inclined plane 5 of the corresponding wedge 8 has the effect of causing a radial translation of wedge 3 towards its engaged position, thus ensuring locking of wedges 3a and 3b in this engaged position.
  • the wedges 3 and the cams 8 thus radially and axially block the ammunition 200.
  • the parallelepipedal wedges 3 of the first group 3a of wedges will each comprise two inclined planes 5, each inclined plane being arranged at one of the longitudinal ends of the wedge 3.
  • Such an arrangement makes it possible to avoid a rotation of the wedge 3 and therefore ensures a radial translation of the wedges 3 with their flat faces which remain parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the cradle and therefore to the axis of the ammunition.
  • cams 8 and actuator 10 are integral with the conveyor 104.
  • the rods 9 are translated in such a way that the inclined surfaces 6 of the cams 8 push on the inclined planes 5 of the wedges 3 until these surfaces slip and cause the radial translation of the wedges 3 in the direction of the interior of the cradle. 2, thus pressing on portions Z of the external surface of the ammunition 200 for the stall.
  • the wedges 3 are therefore wedged between the ammunition 200 and the cams 8.
  • a pusher presses on the rear face of the ammunition 200 which has the effect of first of all advancing the cradle 2 relative to the conveyor 104 visible to the figure 1 And 2 .
  • cams 8 remain fixed relative to the conveyor 104 while the wedges 3 move forward with the cradle.
  • the wedges 3 are then no longer jammed and the only pressure they exert on the ammunition 200 is that provided by the return springs 4. This effort is however sufficient to keep the ammunition centered with respect to the cradle 2 which promotes a good introduction ammunition in the weapon.
  • the ammunition 200 is pushed by the pusher into the weapon and spreads the wedges 3 which are no longer blocked by the cams 8.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to block radially and axially ammunition in its conveyor, which makes it possible to secure the operations of loading and transporting ammunition in a conveyor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Chutes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. - Munitionsförderer, der ein Gestell (2) aufweist, das bestimmt ist, eine Munition (200) zu enthalten, wobei der Förderer (104) Böcke (3) aufweist, die winklig gleichmäßig um eine Längsachse (X) des Gestells (2) verteilt sind, wobei die Böcke (3) radial durch Öffnungen zwischen einer in das Gestell (2) eingreifenden Position und einer vom Gestell (2) gelösten Position durch Einführen einer Munition gleiten können, die die Böcke schiebt und entgegen der Wirkung mindestens eines elastischen Mittels (4), das die Böcke (3) in die eingreifende Position führt, wobei jeder Bock (3) in der eingreifenden Position durch die Wirkung von mindestens einem Nocken (8) verriegelbar ist, der mit dem Förderer (104) fest verbunden ist und eine geneigte Oberfläche (6) aufweist, die mit mindestens einer geneigten Ebene (5) zusammenwirkt, die von dem Bock (8) getragen wird, wobei die geneigten Oberflächen (6) und Ebenen (5) derart angeordnet sind, dass eine von einem Aktuator (10) hervorgerufene axiale Verschiebung des Nockens (8) eine radiale Verschiebung des Bocks (3) bewirkt, wobei sich jeder Bock (3) dann zwischen dem Nocken (8) und der Munition (200) eingeklemmt befindet und die Arretierung der Munition (200) im Verhältnis zum Gestell (2) sichert.
  2. - Förderer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich das Gestell (2) längs relativ zum Förderer (104) verschiebbar ist, wobei die Verschiebung des Gestells (2) erlaubt, die Böcke (3) von deren Nocken (8) zu entfernen, die mit dem Förderer (104) fest verbunden sind, wodurch die Böcke (3) entriegelt werden und das Gleiten der Munition (200) auf dem Gestell (104) erlaubt wird.
  3. - Förderer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gestell (2) zwei Gruppen von Böcken (3) aufweist, eine erste Gruppe (3a), die von etwa parallelepipedischen Böcken (3) gebildet ist, die eine ebene Fläche aufweisen, die auf der äußeren zylindrischen Oberfläche der Munition (200) anliegt und die eine radiale Arretierung der Munition (200) sichern, und eine zweite Gruppe von Böcken (3b), die jeweils ein Zahnprofil (12) aufweisen, das bestimmt ist, mit einer Rille (201) der Munition (200) zusammenzuwirken, um eine axiale Arretierung derselben zu sichern.
  4. - Förderer nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die parallelepipedischen Böcke (3) der ersten Gruppe (3a) von Böcken jeweils zwei geneigte Ebenen (5) aufweisen, wobei jede geneigte Ebene an einem Längsende des Bocks (3) angeordnet ist.
  5. - Turm für Militärfahrzeug, der mindestens ein Magazin (102a, 102b) für Munition (200) aufweist, das eine Vielzahl paralleler Zellen aufweist und einen Förderer (104) für Munition (200) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Turm (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Förderer (104) schwenkend auf einer Achse (103) angebracht ist und in eine erste Position schwenkbar ist, die koaxial zu einer Zelle des Magazins (102a, 102b) ist, um ihm eine Munition (200) zu entnehmen, und eine zweite Position, die koaxial zu einem Rohr einer Waffe (101) des Turms (1) ist, um das Laden zu erlauben.
  6. - Turm nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Magazin (102a, 102b) ein Extraktionsmittel (105) aufweist, das erlaubt, eine Munition zu schieben, um sie aus der Zelle zu extrahieren und sie im Gestell (2) zu platzieren, wenn sich dieses koaxial zur Zelle des Magazins (102a, 102b) befindet, in deren Bereich das Extraktionsmittel (105) platziert ist.
  7. - Turm nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Magazin (102a, 102b) eine Trommelform hat.
  8. - Turm nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er zwei Trommeln (102a, 102b) aufweist, die symmetrisch beiderseits einer vertikalen Ebene angeordnet sind, die durch die Achse der Waffe (101) verläuft.
  9. - Turm nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Extraktionsmittel (105) eine Drückerkette (105) aufweist.
  10. - Turm nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Förderer (104) einen Drücker aufweist, der in seiner zweiten Position die Stationierung der im Gestell (2) positionierten Munition (200) im Rohr der Waffe (101) erlaubt, wobei der Drücker die Verschiebung des Gestells (2) entlang des Förderers (104) bis zur Positionierung in der Nähe des Rohrs der Waffe (101) sowie die Entriegelung der Böcke (3) bewirkt.
EP20709324.6A 2019-02-14 2020-02-12 Munitionsförderer und turm mit solch einem förderer Active EP3924682B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1901400A FR3092907B1 (fr) 2019-02-14 2019-02-14 Dispositif de calage pour un convoyeur de munition et tourelle comportant un tel dispositif
PCT/IB2020/051134 WO2020165792A1 (fr) 2019-02-14 2020-02-12 Convoyeur de munition et tourelle comportant un tel convoyeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3924682A1 EP3924682A1 (de) 2021-12-22
EP3924682B1 true EP3924682B1 (de) 2023-03-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20709324.6A Active EP3924682B1 (de) 2019-02-14 2020-02-12 Munitionsförderer und turm mit solch einem förderer

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP3924682B1 (de)
KR (1) KR20210134903A (de)
AU (1) AU2020222084A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3092907B1 (de)
IL (1) IL285469A (de)
PL (1) PL3924682T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2020165792A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3127039B1 (fr) 2021-09-10 2023-09-29 Nexter Systems Dispositif de rechargement automatique pour arme a alimentation par double magasin a munitions, et système d'arme le comprenant

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3031203C1 (de) * 1980-08-19 1985-07-25 KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH, 8900 Augsburg Behaelter zur Aufnahme und Zufuehrung einer Patrone
DE3328208A1 (de) 1983-08-04 1986-06-26 Krauss-Maffei AG, 8000 München Panzerturm
FR2572172B1 (fr) * 1984-10-19 1988-12-16 Creusot Loire Dispositif de transport et d'alimentation de munitions pour un canon a chargement automatique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3924682T3 (pl) 2023-05-02
IL285469A (en) 2021-09-30
AU2020222084A1 (en) 2021-09-02
EP3924682A1 (de) 2021-12-22
FR3092907B1 (fr) 2022-05-27
KR20210134903A (ko) 2021-11-11
WO2020165792A1 (fr) 2020-08-20
FR3092907A1 (fr) 2020-08-21

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