EP3033581B1 - Greifvorrichtung zum halten der munition beim laden einer feuerwaffe - Google Patents

Greifvorrichtung zum halten der munition beim laden einer feuerwaffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3033581B1
EP3033581B1 EP14747663.4A EP14747663A EP3033581B1 EP 3033581 B1 EP3033581 B1 EP 3033581B1 EP 14747663 A EP14747663 A EP 14747663A EP 3033581 B1 EP3033581 B1 EP 3033581B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
munition
support
feet
gripper device
finger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14747663.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3033581A1 (de
Inventor
Henri ORBAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
John Cockerill Defense SA
Original Assignee
Cockerill Maintenance and Ingenierie SA
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Publication date
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Priority to PL14747663T priority Critical patent/PL3033581T3/pl
Publication of EP3033581A1 publication Critical patent/EP3033581A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3033581B1 publication Critical patent/EP3033581B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
    • F41A9/22—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating in a horizontal direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
    • F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
    • F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of automatic loading systems large guns (75 mm to 140 mm) with ammunition, equipping the armored vehicles and battle tanks.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a device for bringing the munition from the storage area to the barrel chamber.
  • the document DE2330889 A1 discloses an ammunition loading system with a gripping device provided with pivotally mounted jaws.
  • the ammunition is carried in two places by rollers and taken by the gripper in the base of the sleeve.
  • the disadvantage of this system is that the ammunition is simply resting on the rollers and is taken out of the center of gravity.
  • the document WO 2006/051425 A2 discloses a weapon handling device for transporting and loading weapons on an aircraft or other vehicles.
  • the device is provided with a clamp which comprises rollers intended to be positioned on the periphery of the weapon to be maintained.
  • the weapon clamp further comprises a detachable link adapted to move at least one of the rollers from a first position where the weapon is held in position by contact with the rollers to a second position where the roll releases the weapon allowing its movement in a transverse direction.
  • This system has the disadvantage that the gripping takes place in the ammunition store and requires a clamp for each stored ammunition.
  • the clamp system has the disadvantage that it does not allow to slide the munition in a longitudinal movement necessary to transport a munition from the store to the barrel chamber.
  • US 6,460,448 B1 discloses a shell loading device in a mortar by the mouth.
  • This device comprises elevation means of the shell moving linearly through guides and jaws gripping its periphery. Arrived at the height of the mouth, the shell is translated by means of a transfer device to be positioned in the axis of the mortar and inserted into the mouth of the latter.
  • the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a new technical solution allowing the ammunition to be firmly held during its entire journey until the projectile is being inserted into the barrel chamber, leaving the ammunition scroll zone free in the magazine, while respecting the grip zones recommended by STANAGs standards.
  • the present invention relates to a gripping device for transporting ammunition
  • a gripping device for transporting ammunition comprising a support mounted to move in the longitudinal direction of the ammunition, said support comprising tabs delimiting a space for receiving the ammunition, said tabs being movably mounted in a plane.
  • perpendicular to the direction of advancement of the support and configured to, in use, adopt a so-called locking position where the legs are fixed and can surround the periphery of the munition and a so-called unlocking position where the legs are free to move in the plane perpendicular to the direction of advancement of the support to allow the passage of the entire munition in its direction and the space delimited by the tabs being of circular section with a diameter increasing in a direction from the head to the base of the ammunition intended to be received in the legs.
  • the figure 1 represents a partial view of the device for gripping the munition according to the invention. This is a view of the front face of the support, that is to say the face intended to abut against the breech of the barrel.
  • the figure 2 represents a rear view of the device of the figure 1 with a munition held between the legs of the gripping device.
  • the figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the legs of the gripper according to the invention now the munition.
  • the figure 4 is a schematic view of the various elements involved in transporting the munition from the sheath of the store to the chamber of the barrel.
  • the figure 5 represents schematically with sequential views (a) - (e) moving the munition from the magazine to the barrel chamber.
  • the present invention relates to a device for gripping the ammunition that can move longitudinally from the store where ammunition is stored to the barrel chamber.
  • the gripping device has several tabs 2 intended to be positioned on the perimeter of the sleeve of the ammunition 3 near its center of gravity and to grip the sleeve to a length sufficient to prevent tilting of the munition.
  • the positioning of the legs is determined according to the mass, the position of the center of gravity and the moment of inertia of the munition. Specifically, the legs cover an area between 1/3 and 2/3 of the height of the munition, this area may be less than 1/3 of the length of the ammunition.
  • the tabs are spaced apart around the perimeter of the ammunition socket and may be, for example, four in number spaced along four generatrices of the socket and in an equidistant manner.
  • the gripping device is equipped with a mechanism for locking / unlocking the tabs.
  • the tabs are fixed while in the unlocked position, they are free to move radially allowing a total passage of the munition in its longitudinal direction and, in both directions.
  • the gripping device comprises a support 1 provided with an opening to allow the passage of the ammunition ( fig.1 and 2 ).
  • the gripping tabs 2 are mounted on the support within the opening and can move radially between a locking position, said locking and an open position, called unlocking. In use, as explained below, the tabs move together between the locking position and the unlocking position.
  • each gripping lug has a first portion 2a flaring towards a second portion 2b in a direction extending from the front face of the support, i.e. the face intended to come into contact with the breech of the barrel towards the rear face of the support.
  • This first part 2a has a contact surface intended to match the slightly conical shape of the sleeve of the ammunition.
  • the second part 2b has a more flared shape facilitating the insertion of the ammunition in the legs.
  • the gripping device comprises a mechanism for unlocking the tabs actuated by contact with retractable fingers, said unlocking, with an external element.
  • the retractable fingers 4 are positioned on the front face of the support ( fig.1 ). In use, this face abuts against the breech of the barrel, which, via the retraction of the fingers inside of the support, triggers the joint opening of the legs and allows the ammunition to enter the barrel chamber.
  • the fingers 4 to the left and to the right triggers respectively and independently the radial opening of the tabs to the left and right.
  • Different systems can be envisaged to link the retraction of the fingers 4 to the radial expansion of the tabs.
  • each lower leg may be secured to a piece which is housed in a notch of another part secured to the finger 4 and, when the tabs are in the locked position.
  • the retraction of the finger 4 allows the release of the integral part of the lower leg and therefore causes its outward displacement under the effect of the weight of the ammunition.
  • the movement of the upper leg is linked to that of the lower leg, for example, via a gear (not shown). In the unlocked position, the tabs are thus free to move radially, the amplitude of the spacing being a function of the type of ammunition.
  • the gripping device further comprises a return mechanism for returning the support to the loading position of the magazine after the transport of the munition in the chamber of the barrel.
  • the mechanism includes a latch 12 visible to the figure 4 .
  • the latch 12 is pivotally mounted on the support 1 and provided with a stop 13.
  • the return mechanism further comprises a return finger 5, positioned on the front face of the support ( fig.1 ) and a return spring (not shown).
  • the retraction within the support of the return finger 5 triggers the retraction of the lock and therefore the return of the support under the effect of the return spring.
  • the connection between the return finger and the latch can be provided via a rod (not shown).
  • the length of the return finger is less than that of the unlocking fingers.
  • the support 1 seen in its entirety at the figure 4 has a shape close to a lying L.
  • the tabs 2 are arranged on the vertical portion of the L lying, that is to say the small portion of the L, while the horizontal portion of the L is intended to be positioned along the sleeve 6 comprising the ammunition 3 in the shop.
  • the drive mechanism of the support 1 comprises a fixed part 7 provided with a motor, a push frame 10 slidably mounted on this fixed part 7 and a carriage 9 itself slidably mounted on the push frame 10 by, for example, a chain system which connects the fixed part 7 to the carriage 9 (not shown).
  • the carriage 9 comprises a pusher finger 11 intended to move the munition 3 from the magazine 6 to the chamber of the barrel 8.
  • the displacement of the support 1 is effected, on the one hand, indirectly via the movement of the ammunition 3 which is clamped in the legs 2 of the support and pushed at its base by the pusher finger 11, and, secondly, via the carriage 9 which exerts pressure on the abutment 13 of the latch 12 secured to the support 1.
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is schematically represented at the figure 5 .
  • the support 1 is positioned at a given location in front of one of the sleeves 6 of the store, called the loading position.
  • the sheath 6 comprising the munition 3 to be loaded is through a conveyor (not shown) placed in the loading position ( Fig.5 (a) ).
  • the push frame 10 on which is mounted the carriage 9 provided with the finger 11 comes into action ( Fig.5 (b) ).
  • Finger pusher 11 exerts pressure on the base of the ammunition 3 to insert it in the space defined by the legs 2 which, by default, are in the locked position.
  • the support therefore accompanies the ammunition from the store to the barrel chamber in a movement longitudinal, preventing any tilting of the latter through the legs.
  • the device is naturally positioned in the locked position and unlocks automatically in contact with the breech of the barrel, when the ammunition engages in the chamber.
  • the device provides the ability to be permanently locked in the unlocked position, allowing the insertion of ammunition into the magazine through the device via the vehicle interior rather than through the back door of the magazine.
  • the device is not affected by the type of ammunition and the shape of the projectile, thanks to the fact that the maintenance is done only on the ammunition socket, and moreover with regard to the NATO calibres, in a compliant place. to the "grip area" recommended by the applicable STANAGS standards.
  • the device leaves totally free the ammunition scrolling zone within the store conveyor.
  • the device maintains the longitudinal axis of the munition rigorously parallel to the direction of the movement of the latter when moving to the barrel, and fixed in relation to the ammunition magazine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Greifvorrichtung für den Transport einer Munition (3), umfassend einen gemäß der Längsrichtung der Munition (3) bewegbar montierten Halter (1), wobei der Halter (1) Schenkel (2) aufweist, die einen Raum begrenzen, der zur Aufnahme der Munition (3) bestimmt ist, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schenkel (2) in einer zur Vorschubrichtung des Halters (1) senkrechten Ebene bewegbar montiert sind und konfiguriert sind, damit sie bei Verwendung eine Verriegelungsposition einnehmen, in welcher die Schenkel (2) fest sind und den Umfang der Munition (3) umschließen können, und eine Entriegelungsposition, in welcher die Schenkel (2) frei sind, sich in der zur Vorschubrichtung des Halters (1) senkrechten Ebene zu verlagern, um den Durchgang der Gesamtheit der Munition (3) in ihrer Längsrichtung zu erlauben, der von den Schenkeln (2) begrenzte Raum hat einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt mit einem zunehmenden Durchmesser, der vom Kopf zum Fuß der Munition (3) zunimmt, die bestimmt ist, zwischen den Schenkeln (2) aufgenommen zu werden.
  2. Greifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    - ein erster Teil (2a) der Schenkel (2) einen zunehmenden Durchmesser hat, der bestimmt ist, die konische Form der Munition (3) anzunehmen, wenn die Schenkel (2) in Verriegelungsposition sind,
    - ein zweiter Teil (2b) der Schenkel (2) einen zunehmenden Durchmesser hat, der an jedem Punkt größer als der der Munition (3) ist, um ihr Einsetzen zu erleichtern, wenn die Schenkel (2) in Verriegelungsposition sind.
  3. Greifvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, aufweisend einen Entriegelungsmechanismus, welcher den Positionswechsel der Schenkel (2) von der Verriegelungsposition in die Entriegelungsposition sichert, wobei der Mechanismus einziehbare Entriegelungsfinger (4) umfasst, die auf dem Halter (1) positioniert sind, wobei das Einziehen der Finger (4) in das Innere des Halters (1) bei Verwendung den Entriegelungsmechanismus auslöst.
  4. Greifvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, aufweisend einen Rückstellmechanismus des Halters (1) nach dem Transport der Munition (3), wobei der Mechanismus einen bewegbar auf dem Halter (1) montierten Riegel (12), eine Rückstellfeder und einen einziehbaren Rückstellfinger (5) umfasst, der auf dem Halter (1) positioniert ist, wobei das Einziehen des Rückstellfingers (5) die Betätigung des Riegels (12) und die Rückkehr des Halters (1) dank der Rückstellfeder bewirkt.
  5. Greifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Länge des Rückstellfingers (5) kleiner als die Länge der Entriegelungsfinger (4) ist.
  6. Greifvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Halter (1) eine Form aufweist, die einem liegenden L ähnelt, wobei der vertikale Teil des L die Schenkel (2) aufweist und der horizontale Teil des L bestimmt ist, sich entlang einer Manschette (6) zu positionieren, die die Munition (3) aufweist.
  7. Greifvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schenkel (2) bestimmt sind, ausschließlich mit der Hülse der Munition (3) in Kontakt zu treten und eine Zone zu spannen, die sich zwischen einem Drittel und zwei Dritteln der Höhe der Munition (3) befindet.
  8. Greifvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, aufweisend einen Antriebsmechanismus der Munition (3) und des Halters (1), wobei der Mechanismus einen Schlitten (9) umfasst, der mit einem Drückerfinger (11) ausgestattet ist, wobei der Drückerfinger (11) bestimmt ist, mit dem Sockel der Munition (3) zusammenzuwirken, und der Schlitten (9) bestimmt ist, mit dem Halter (1) zusammenzuwirken.
  9. Greifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Drückerfinger (11) in Verwendung bestimmt ist, die Munition (3) in den von den Schenkeln (2) begrenzten Raum bis zu ihrem Spannen zu drücken und der Schlitten (9) in Verwendung bestimmt ist, einen Druck auf den Halter (1) ab dem Spannen der Munition (3) in den Schenkeln (2) auszuüben, wobei sich der Halter (1) dann gemäß der Längsrichtung der Munition (3) dank der gemeinsamen Wirkung des Drückerfingers (11) auf die Munition (3) und des Schlittens (9) auf den Halter (1) verlagert.
  10. Greifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, wobei der Schlitten (9) mit dem auf dem Halter (1) montierten Riegel (12) zusammenwirkt.
  11. Greifvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schenkel (2) in der Anzahl von vier sind und entlang des Perimeters des Raums mit kreisförmigen Querschnitt regelmäßig beabstandet sind.
  12. Verfahren für den Transport und das Laden einer Munition (3) aus einem Magazin in eine Laufkammer (8) mit Hilfe der Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Platzieren einer Manschette (6) des Magazins, umfassend die Munition (3), vor den Schenkeln (2) des Halters (1), wobei sich der Halter (1) in Ladeposition befindet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    - Betätigen des Drückerfingers (11), um die Munition (3) in den von den Schenkeln (2) begrenzten Raum einzusetzen,
    - Spannen der Munition (3) in den Schenkeln (2), wenn diese eine Zone abdecken, umfassend das Schwerkraftzentrum der Munition (3), und Anschlagen des Schlittens (9) an den Riegeln (12) des Halters, wobei die Wirkung des Drückerfingers (11) auf die Munition (3) und das Anschlagen des Schlittens (9) an den Riegeln (12) die Verlagerung des Halters (1) gemäß der Längsrichtung der Munition (3) bewirkt,
    - Anschlagen des Halters (1) an den Verschluss des Laufs (8), wobei zunächst der Entriegelungsmechanismus der Schenkel (2) ausgelöst wird und das Laden der Munition (3) in die Kammer des Laufs (8) dank des Drückerfingers (11) erlaubt wird.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, wobei das Anschlagen des Halters (1) an den Verschluss des Laufs (8) danach den Rückstellmechanismus des Halters (1) in die Ladeposition auslöst.
EP14747663.4A 2013-08-12 2014-08-06 Greifvorrichtung zum halten der munition beim laden einer feuerwaffe Active EP3033581B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14747663T PL3033581T3 (pl) 2013-08-12 2014-08-06 Urządzenie chwytające do utrzymywania amunicji podczas załadunku armaty

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2013/0539A BE1022029B1 (fr) 2013-08-12 2013-08-12 Dispositif de prehension pour le maintien de la munition lors du chargement d'un canon
PCT/EP2014/066874 WO2015022245A1 (fr) 2013-08-12 2014-08-06 Dispositif de préhension pour le maintien de la munition lors du chargement d'un canon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3033581A1 EP3033581A1 (de) 2016-06-22
EP3033581B1 true EP3033581B1 (de) 2017-07-12

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EP14747663.4A Active EP3033581B1 (de) 2013-08-12 2014-08-06 Greifvorrichtung zum halten der munition beim laden einer feuerwaffe

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US9933217B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3033581B1 (de)
CN (1) CN105492856B (de)
BE (1) BE1022029B1 (de)
BR (1) BR112016002883B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2919777C (de)
DK (1) DK3033581T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2642828T3 (de)
PL (1) PL3033581T3 (de)
PT (1) PT3033581T (de)
WO (1) WO2015022245A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107941080B (zh) * 2017-11-08 2019-10-15 航宇救生装备有限公司 一种降落伞气体炮试验弹自动装填方法
CN108534594B (zh) * 2018-03-27 2024-08-16 西安昆仑工业（集团）有限责任公司 一种链式炮用辅助推弹器
DE102019106849A1 (de) * 2019-03-18 2020-09-24 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Haltevorrichtung für Munitionskörper mit einem expandierbaren Halteelement
CN112432549B (zh) * 2020-10-26 2022-03-22 南京理工大学 一种用于弹体自动装填的托弹装置及其使用方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT3033581T (pt) 2017-10-04
DK3033581T3 (da) 2017-11-06
BR112016002883B1 (pt) 2022-06-28
CA2919777C (en) 2021-04-13
CN105492856A (zh) 2016-04-13
CA2919777A1 (en) 2015-02-19
US20160178300A1 (en) 2016-06-23
PL3033581T3 (pl) 2018-01-31
WO2015022245A1 (fr) 2015-02-19
CN105492856B (zh) 2017-09-12
US9933217B2 (en) 2018-04-03
BR112016002883A2 (pt) 2017-08-01
EP3033581A1 (de) 2016-06-22
BE1022029B1 (fr) 2016-02-05
ES2642828T3 (es) 2017-11-20

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