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  • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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  • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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  • C07D231/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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  • C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
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  • C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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  • C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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  • C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
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  • C07D267/12—Seven-membered rings having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 4 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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  • C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D295/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms
  • C07D295/084—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
  • C07D295/088—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
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  • C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
  • C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
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  • C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
  • C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
  • C07D311/66—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2
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  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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Definitions

• PHARMACEUTICALLY ACTIVE AMINES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1.
• Field of the Invention Disclosed are aromatic, alkyl, bicyclic and cycloalkyl amines. These compounds are useful pharmaceutical agents in treating head injury, spinal cord trauma, stroke and a number of other related injuries and conditions.
• non-amine portions of the alkyl amines (II) are known to those skilled in the art or can readily be prepared from known compounds by methods known to those skilled in the art.
• EP 202,580-A discloses 3,4-dihydrobenzopyran derivatives, similar to the non-amine portion of the bicyclic amines (III), which are attached to a 4-phenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl or a 4-(4-pyridinylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl group. While these compounds are similar to the bicyclic amines
• the bicyclic amines (III) of the present invention do not have a methylene group between the phenyl or 4-pyridinyl substituent and the piperazinyl group.
• the non-amine portions of the cycloalkyl amines (IV) are known to those skilled in the art or can readily be prepared from known compounds by methods known to those skilled in the art.
• the non-amine portions of the aromatic bicyclic amines (V) are known to those skilled in the art. See, in particular, US Patents 4,181,665 (isochromans - 6 member heterocyclic ring) and 4,153,612 (2-benzoxepins - 7 member heterocyclic ring). These patents also disclose the non-amine portion of the aromatic bicyclic amines (V), attached to various amines, but different amines than included within the present invention. Those amines were disclosed as possessing antihypertensive and tranquilization activity including antidepressant and antianxiety effects. The activity of the aromatic bicyclic amines (V) is quite different.
• PCT 86/01797 discloses amino steroids where the amine portion includes acyclic, aromatic and heterocyclic amine functionality very similar to the amino substituents, where M is -NR A R B , of the present invention.
• the amino substituent was attached to the terminal carbon atom of the C 17 side chain of a steroid.
• the present invention differs from PCT 86/01797 in that the non-amine portion is not a steroid.
• PCT 86/01797 also disclosed numerous references involving various amines and amino substituents which are incorporated here by reference.
• PCT 86/01797 is the reference which discloses amino substituents most similar to those of the present invention.
• the non-amine portion of the hydroquinones (VI) and quinones (VII) are well known to those skilled in the art.
• Great Britin patent 2,127,814A disloses amino-quinones containing a fused ring containing a nitrogen atom, the hydroquinones (VI) and quinones (VII) of the present patent do not contain a ring fused to the hydroquinone or quinone.
• J6 1,254,546A discolses acyclic amine quinone derivatives which contain only a simple nitrogen atom in a long side chain of carbon atoms.
• US Patent discloses amino-quinones but of an indole type.
• the non-amine portion of the amino ethers (VIII) are known to those skilled in the art.
• JA-7,124,369 discloses heptatrienes which are not similar to the bicyclic aromatic/7-member nitrogen-oxygen containing ring system of the amino ethers (VIII)
• the non-amine portion of the bicyclic amino ethers (IX) are known to those skilled in the art.
• EP 244018-A discloses oxazoleamine derivatives but where the oxazole ring is not fused to a phenyl ring as in the present situation.
• EP 199400-A discloses a fused oxazole-phenyl ring system having a side chain containing nitrogen.
• EP 202,580-A discloses 3,4-dihydrobenzopyran derivatives almost identical with the compounds encompassed by formula (XI).
• the utility of the compounds disclosed in EP 202,580-A is as a prophylactic for gastritis caused by inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
• the utility claimed for these agents in the present patent application has nothing to do with gastritis caused by inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
• R 22 is -H, -Cl or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
• R 23 is -H, -Cl or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
• R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are -H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, -F, -Cl and -Br, and
• R 3 is -H, -OH, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, -O-SO 2 -CH 3 , -O-CO-(C 1 -C 4 alkyl) and -O-prodrug where prodrug is -PO 2 -O-, -CO-CH 2 -CO-NH-CH 2 -SO 2 -O- , -CO-(CH 2 )n21-R 51 where n 21 is 1-7 and R 51 is -COO-, -NR 51 -
• n 21 , R 51-1 and R 51-2 are as defined above,
• R 55 is -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, -NO 2 , -NR 51-1 R 51-2 where R 51-1 and R 51-2 are as defined above and R 22 is -H, -OH, -Cl, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, -OCH 3 or -OC 2 H 5 ; R 23 is -H, -OH, -Cl, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, -OCH 3 or -OC 2 H 5 ; with the proviso that only two of R 3 , R 22 and R 23 can have a variable substituent containing an oxygen atom attached to the benzene ring; where X 1 is -O- , -CH 2 -, -C(CH 3 )(CH 3 )-,
• R24 is C 1 -C 3 alkyl or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 -OH, -CH 3 or -0CH 3 ,
• R*L 3 is -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 -OH, -CH3 or -0CH 3 ,
• R 4 is -H or C ⁇ -C4 alkyl; n 1 is 0-10;
• R 8 and R 9 are the same or different and are -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl; n 13 is 0 or 1; n 14 is 2-5; M is (I) -NR A R B where: (A) R A is (1) -(CH 2 ) -NR M-1 -heteroaryl, where m is 2, 3 or 4, where
• R M-1 is -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, where heteroaryl is:
• R M-2 as is defined above, (F-14) (f) imidazol-2-yl optionally substituted in the 1 position with C 1 -C 3 alkyl or -aryl, where aryl is as defined above, and further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R M-2 as defined above, (F-15)
• R M-6 is -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl and R M-8 is -aryl or -heteroaryl as defined above, or R M-6 and R M-8 are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form a saturated mono-nitrogen C 3 -C 6 heterocyclic ring and where m is as defined above,
• R A and R B are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of
• alkyl amines of the formula X 2 - (CH 2 ) n2 -M (II) where: n 2 is 4-14; X 2 is -H, -OH, -O-CO-(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), -O-CO-H, -O-CO-O- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxycarbonyl, -O-CO-aryl where aryl is ⁇ optionally substitued with -OH,
• R 6 is ⁇ or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
• R 14 and R 15 are the same or different and are C 1 -C 3 alkyl; M is
• R M-6 is -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl and R M-8 is -aryl or -heteroaryl as defined above, or R M-6 and R M-8 are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form a saturated mono-nitrogen C 3 -C 6 heterocyclic ring and where m is as defined above,
• R 7 is -H or -C 1 -C 4 alkyl, -CO-(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), -CO- ⁇ or -prodrug where prodrug is
• n 21 is 1-7 and R 51 is -COO-, -NR 51- 1 R 51-2 where R 51-1 and R 51-2 are the same or different and are -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, -N + R 51-1 R 51-2 R 51-3 halide- where R 51-1 R 51-2 R 51-3 are the same or different and are -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, and where halide is -Cl or -Br,
• R 53 's are the same or different and are C 1 -C 18 ,
• n 21 , R 51-1 and R 51-2 are as defined above,
• R 10 is -H or -CH 3
• R 11 is -H or -CH 3
• R 12 is -H or -CH 3 ,
• R 16 is ⁇ -R16-1: ⁇ -R 16-2 where one of R 16-1 and R 16-2 is -H, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 or - ⁇ and the other is -X 3 -M where X 3 is -CO-, -(CH 2 ) n16 -CO- where n 16 is 1 or 2, -(CH 2 ) n3 - where n 3 is 1-6, or -CO-O- (CH 2 ) n15 - where n 15 is 2-6, R 25 and R 26 are -H and where M is (I) -NR A R B where: (A) R A is (1) - (CH 2 ) m -NR M-1 -heteroaryl, where m is 2, 3 or 4, where
• R M-1 is -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, where heteroaryl is:
• aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 through 2 -F, -Cl, -Br, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, -COOH, -NH 2 , C 1 -C 3 alkylamino, di(C 1 -C 3 )alkylamino, where the alkyl groups are the same or different, 1-pyrrolidinyl-, 1-piperidinyl, 1-hexamethylenimino-, 1-heptamethylenimino-, C 2 -C 4 acylamino, -NH-CHO, with 1 -F or -CF 3 or with 3,4-methylenedioxy and 3,4-ethylenedioxy;
• R B is (1) -H
• R A and R B are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of
• n 6 is 0, R 16 is R 16-3 :R 16-4 where one of R 16-3 and R 16-4 is taken together with R 25 to form a second bond between the carbon atoms to which R 16 and R 25 are attached and the other of R 16-3 and R 16-4 is -X 3 -M where X 3 and M are as defined above, (18-3) n 6 is 1, R 25 and R 26 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms to which R 25 and R 26 are attached and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates and solvates thereof.
• Preferred compounds are where R 7 is -H; where R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are all -CH 3 ; where n 6 is 1; where one of R 16-1 or R 16-2 is -CH 3 ; where X 3 is -CO- or -CH 2 -; where W 2 is -O- and the compounds of EXAMPLES 18-23, 66-68, 75, 78-82, 84-94, 96, 99-124, 129-143, 145-164 and 178-181.
• n 4 is 1-14, n 5 is 1-3 and where
• M is as defined above for the aromatic amines (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates and solvates thereof.
• Preferred compounds are where n 5 is 2; and where n 4 is 3-6 and the compounds of EXAMPLES 60-64.
• R 18 , R 19 , R 20 and R 21 are the same or different and are -H, -OH, -Cl, -Br, -C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, and where any two adjacent groups are be taken together to form o-methylenedioxy, where one of R 18 , R 19 , R 20 and R 21 is -OH, alkoxy or o-methylenedioxy, R 17 is ⁇ -R 17-1 : ⁇ -R 17-2 where one of R 17-1 and R 17-2 is -H or -CH 3 and the other is
• R 27 and R 28 are the same or different and are -H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 acyl, -CO- ⁇ where ⁇ is optionally substituted with -F, -Cl,
• prodrug is as defined for the aromatic amines (I) and
• R 29 , R 30 and R 31 are the same or different and are -H, -C 1 -C 4 alkyl and C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, n 18 is 1-20,
• M is as defined for the aromatic amines (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates and solvates thereof.
• n 18 is 1-4, R 27 and R 28 are -H or
• R 33 and R 34 are the same or different and are -H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
• R 35 , R 36 and R 38 are the same or different and are -H, -C 1 -C 4 alkyl and C 1 -C 3 alkoxy,
• R 37 is -H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 acyl, -CO- ⁇ where ⁇ is optionally substituted with -Cl, -Br, -OH, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, -NO 2 , -N(CH 3 ) 2 , -CE 2 - ⁇ , -Si(CH 3 ) 2 -C(CH 3 ) 3 and -prodrug where prodrug and R A are as defined for the aromatic amines (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates and solvates thereof.
• Preferred amino-ethers are wherr R 33 and R 34 are the same and are -H:-H or -CH 3 :-CH 3 , R 35 , R 36 and R 38 are -CH 3 or t-butyl, R 37 is -H or C 1 -C 4 acyl and the compounds of EXAMPLES 175-177.
• bicyclic amino ether amines (IX which includes IXA and IXB) where where A 1 and A 2 taken together are
• R 50 0 or -H:-H and R 47 is -H or -prodrug where prodrug and R A are as defined for the aromatic amines (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates and solvants thereof.
• R 47 is -H and where
• R 46 , R 48 and R 49 are -H, CH 3 or t-butyl and the compounds of EXAMPLES 185-188.
• Disclosed is a method of treating spinal trauma, mild and/or moderate to severe head injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage and subsequent cerebral vasospasm, ischemic (thromboembolic) stroke, excess mucous secretion, asthma, muscular dystrophy, adriamycin- induced cardiac toxicity, Parkinsonism, Alzheimer ' s disease , other degenerative neurological disorders , multiple sclerosis , organ damage during reperfusion after transplant, skin graft rej ection, hemorrhagic , traumatic and septic shock, and conditions such as severe burns , ARDS , inflammatory diseases such as osteo- or rheumatoid arthritis , nephrotic syndrome (immunologlcal) , systemic lupus erythematosis , allergic reactions , atheros
• R 40 is -H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkenyloxy, R 41 is -H or -CH 3 ,
• R 42 is -H or -CH 3 ,
• R 43 is ⁇ -R 43 - 1 : ⁇ -R 43 - 22 where one of R 43 - 1 and R 43 -2 is
• n 17 is 1-3 or - (CH 2 ) n18 -CO- (1-piperazinyl substituted in the 4 position with with -CH 2 - ⁇ or 4-pyridinylmethyl where each can be optionally substituted with 1-4 C 1 -C 3 alkoxy) where n 18 is 0- 2 pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates and solvates thereof to a human who is in need of such treatment.
• the treatment be treating spinal trauma, mild and/or moderate to severe head injury, asthma and damage after MI .
• the effective amount is from about 0.05 to about 10 mg/kg/day IV or about
• the aromatic amines (I) are produced by condensing the amine corresponding to the desired aromatic amine (I) with the non-amine portion corresponding to the desired aromatic amine (I).
• This compound is then rearranged to give the unsaturated group para to the R 3 group by the procedure of Tarbell & Kincaid see, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 62, 728 (1940).
• the terminal unsaturated group is then transformed to the alcohol by known methods, which is then converted to a good leaving group such as chloride, bromide, iodide, mesylate, tosylate, etc and this compound is then condensed with the appropriate amine by the procedures disclosed in PCT 86/01797.
• Suitable solvents include acetonitrile, THF and DMF; acetonitrile is preferred.
• Suitable bases include carbonate, bicarbonate and TEA; preferred is carbonate.
• the mesylate or tosylate of the alcohol is prepared in the usual way (using mesyl or tosyl chloride and triethylamine in methylene chloride) and it is then reacted with the appropriate amine (except A-55 which is generated in situ, this exception will be understood to apply in all cases) to yield the desired product.
• the appropriate amine except A-55 which is generated in situ, this exception will be understood to apply in all cases
• the product, Ar-CH2Cl is then reacted with the appropriate amine.
• the chloride/bromide/iodide/mesylate/tosylate is prepared from this alcohol in the usual way and reacted with the appropriate amine .
• X 1 is -CH 2 - and n 1 is 2
• This olefin is reacted with diborane in the usual way to form the organoborane which is then oxidized with hydrogen peroxide and base to the terminal alcohol-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH.
• the leaving group and reaction with the appropriate amine are performed in the usual manner.
• X 1 is -CH 2 - and n 1 is 3
• a substituted anisole which is unsubstituted at C-2 or C-4. This is reacted with succinic anhydride and aluminum chloride in benzene or toluene.
• the alcohol product is oxidized and cleaved to the keto-acid which is reduced with boron hydride to the alcohol Ar- (CH2) 466 CH 2 OH which is converted to the aromatic amine in the usual way.
• the aromatic amines (I) where X 1 is -CR(CH 3 ) - and n 1 is 1 are prepared by reacting the amine M with a haloketone such as chloroacetone.
• the adduct , CH 3 COCH 2 -M is reacted with a Grignard such as Ar-MgBr.
• the product has the above structure when R is -OH.
• the aromatic amines (I) where X 1 is -O- are prepared by begining with the corresponding phenol. This is reacted with the dibromide Br(CH 2 ) n1 -Br (or the corresponding dichloride) where n 1 is 4 , 5 , 6 in the presence of hydroxide and in an alcoholic solvent such as ethanol .
• the product, Ar-O-(CH 2 ) n1 -Br is reacted with the amine M in a solvent such as acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as carbonate to yield the desired product.
• the compounds are generally isolated by extraction between sodium bicarbonate and methylene chloride.
• the organic phase is washed and dried in the usual manner and concentrated.
• the products are purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with either methanol and methylene chloride or ethyl acetate and hexane.
• the alkyl amines (II) are produced by condensing the amine corresponding to the desired alkyl amine (II) with the non-amine portion corresponding to the desired alkyl amine (II) by the proceedures disclosed in PCT 86/01797.
• the non-amine portion should have a good leaving group such as mesylate, tosylate, -Br, etc. While not necessary it is preferred to add a catalytic amount of iodide ion, see EXAMPLE 1.
• the amine is not preformed and then attached to the nonamine portion; the amine is formed in situ, see EXAMPLE 17.
• the bicyclic amines (III) are prepared from the corresponding amine and bicyclic portions by means well known to those skilled in the art.
• the bicyclic portions where the terminal group is -COOH are known or can readily be produced from known compounds , see US Patents 3,947,473, 4,003,919, 4,018,799, 4,026,907 and 4,681,890.
• the acid can be activated with an agent such as 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole or 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in a solvent such as THF, ether or methylene chloride following which it is contacted with the desired amine to form the desired bicyclic amine where X 3 is -CO-.
• the related acid chlorides can be used to react with the desired amine, see EXAMPLE 68.
• the methylene compounds are formed by first forming the amide as above then reducing it with a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride or borane dimethylsulfide.
• a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride or borane dimethylsulfide.
• the -COOH group can be reduced to the correspondingCH 2 -OH which can then be transformed to a good leaving group such as mesylate, tosylate or bromide and then reacted with the desired amine to form the desired corresponding bicyclic amine (III).
• the phenol acetate (or other ester) of 6-hydroxy- 2,5,7,8-tetramethychroman-2-carboxylic acid is activated with oxalyl chloride in a solvent such as acetonitrile, see Helv. Chim. Acta 61, 1675 (1978).
• a solvent such as acetonitrile, see Helv. Chim. Acta 61, 1675 (1978).
• a solution of the requisite aminoalcohol in pyridine or pyridine/acetonitrile is added.
• the reaction mixture is allowed to stand several hours at 20-25°, followed by workup.
• the reaction mixture is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
• a general procedure for reduction of the amide type (X 3 is -CO-) to the reduced type (X 3 is -CH 2 -) of bicyclic amine (III) is as follows. To a stirred suspension of lithium aluminum hydride (LAH, 4 molar equivalents) in dry THF (20-25 ml), maintained at 0-50° depending on the nature of the particular compound, is added dropwise over 10-15 min a solution of the appropriate amide (4-8 mmol) in dry THF (25-50 ml). The mixture is stirred at the appropriate temperature for 30 -120 min and then cooled in an ice-water bath.
• LAH lithium aluminum hydride
• the cycloalkyl amines (IV) are prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art. It is preferred to start with a 3-alkoxycyclopent-2-en-1-one, 3-alkoxycylcohex-2-en-1-one or 3-alkoxycyclohept-2-en-1-one depending on whether n 5 is 1, 2 or 3. It is preferred that the alkoxy group be ethoxy.
• Grignard reaction with X-Mg-(CH 2 ) n4 -O-magnesium to the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated ketone followed by acid hydrolysis gives the desired 3-substituted cycloalkyl-2-en-1-one.
• the terminal hydroxyl group is then oxidized with an oxidizing agent such as pyridinium dichromate to the corresponding aldehyde which is then contacted with the amine corresponding to the amino portion of the desired cycloalkyl amine (IV). It is preferred to contact the amine with the non-amine portion in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride.
• an oxidizing agent such as pyridinium dichromate
• n 4 is 3 it is preferred to use X-Mg-(CH 2 ) 2 -C*(H)-O- (CH 2 ) 2 -O* [where the atoms marked with an asterisk (*) are bonded to each other resulting in the formation of a ring] as the Grignard reagent.
• the non-amine portions of the aromatic bicyclic amines (V) are known to those skilled in the art. See, in particular, US Patents 4,181,665 and 4,153,612.
• the aromatic bicyclic amines (V) of the present invention are made by the same method as the amines of US Patents 4,181,665 and 4,153,612.
• hydroquinones (VI) and quinones (VII) are readily interchangable as is well known to those skilled in the art. It is realized that with the hydroquinones (VI) when R 27 and R 28 are other than -H, that these groups are lost in the conversion to the corresponding quinone (VII).
• a hydroquinone (VI) and its corresponding quinone (VII) are both useful in the same manner and same way and therefore when the term hydroquinone (VI) is used it means and includes the corresponding quinone (VII) for purposes of this patent.
• the hydroquinones (VI) are prepared by reaction of the aldehyde group of the non-amine portion of the hydroquinone starting material with the desired amine. The reaction is performed in the presence of an agent such as sodium cyanoborohydride in a polar solvent such as methanol or acetonitrile at about 20-25°, preferred is methanol.
• an agent such as sodium cyanoborohydride in a polar solvent such as methanol or acetonitrile at about 20-25°, preferred is methanol.
• the hydroxy-protecting groups usually esters such as acetate or ethers such as t-butyldimethylsilyl, are removed by means well known to those skilled in the art, for example, hydroxide/water/acetone followed by acidification or tetra-N-butyl ammonium chloride.
• the hydroquinones (VI) can readily be transformed into the corresponding quinones (VII) by means known to those skilled in the art, for example ferric chloride/ethyl acetate.
• the amino ethers (VIII) are prepared by contacting the hydroxyl protected (or unprotected) aldehyde group of the non-amine portion of the amino ether (VIII) with the desired amine in the presence of a reducing agent such as sodium cyanoborohydride in a polar solvent such as methanol.
• a reducing agent such as sodium cyanoborohydride
• a polar solvent such as methanol.
• the appropriate aldehyde and amine can be contacted in a non-polar solvent such as toluene at about 50- 116° and removing the solvent.
• the resultant imine can then be contacted with a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride in a polar solvent such as methanol.
• a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride
• a polar solvent such as methanol.
• the non-amine portion of the amino ether (VIII) starting materials are known to those skilled in the art, see for example, Hel. Chem. Acta 46, 650 (1963) and Chem. Pharm. Bull. 30, 2797 (1982). If present the hydroxy protecting groups can be removed at this time.
• the hydroquinone-amine intermediate is then reacted with an agent such as chloroacetylchloride in the presence of a base, such as pyridine or triethylamine at about 0-30° in a solvent such as ether to provide the appropriate chloroacetamide.
• Final cyclization can be effected by treatment of the acetamide with base, such as potassium carbonate, in a polar solvent, such as acetone at about 0-50°.
• base such as potassium carbonate
• a polar solvent such as acetone
• the cyclic amide can be reduced with a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride in an aprotic solvent such as ether to the corresponding amine.
• a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride
• aprotic solvent such as ether
• the amino ethers (IX) are of two types, ones with the nitrogen atom “up” (IXA) and with the nitrogen atom “down” (IXB).
• the amino ethers (IXB) are prepared by reacting the appropriate 4-aminoresorcinol with chloracetyl chloride (or an equivalent reagent) in the presence of a base, such as pyridine or triethylamine at 0-30° in an aprotic solvent such as ether.
• a base such as pyridine or triethylamine at 0-30° in an aprotic solvent such as ether.
• the resorcinol starting materials are known to those skilled in the art or can readily be prepared from known compounds by known methods. Cyclization is effected by treatment with a base such as potassium or sodium carbonate in a polar solvent such as acetone.
• the cyclic amide can be reduced with lithium aluminum hydride or borane and the cyclic amine reacted with R A -leaving group or with R A -CHO in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate or sodium cyanoborohydride respectively.
• a base such as potassium carbonate or sodium cyanoborohydride respectively.
• the amino ethers (IXA) are prepared in a similar manner. The starting materials are known, see Synthesis 69 (1982) and Can. J. Chem. 44, 1874 (1966).
• Prodrugs of the aromatic amines (I), bicyclic amines (III), hydroquinones (VI), amino ether amines (VIII) and bicyclic amino ether amines (IX) are prepared in general by reacting the phenol or salt of the phenol with the appropriate prodrug substituent such as carboxylic acid, isocyanate, anhydride, etc. More specifically, for the prodrug -PO 2 -O- the phenol is reacted with phosphorous oxychloride and this intermediate compound is then reacted with water.
• the prodrugs are prepared from the phenol and the carboxylic acid in the presence of 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in a polar aprotic solvent such as methylene choride.
• the t-butyl carbamate of the prodrug is prepared as above, followed by cleavage of the carbamate by reaction with an acid such as hydrochloric acid in methanol or trifluoroc acetic acid about 0-25°.
• the compounds with the prodrug of the formula -O-CH 2 -O-CO- (CH 2 )n 21 -NR 51-1 R 51-2 are prepared by reaction of the salt of the phenol with the appropriate chloromethyl ether in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran.
• the chloromethyl ethers can be prepared by the procedure of J. Org. Chem. 48, 5280 (1983).
• the phenol may be coupled with the diacid utilizing 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and the resulting acid exposed to a base such as sodium carbonate to form the desired salt.
• Other prodrugs are prepared by known procedures.
• amines (X) The aromatic amines (I), alkyl amines (II), bicyclic amines (III), cycloalkyl amines (IV), aromatic bicyclic amines (V), hydroquinone amines (VI), quinone amines (VII), amino ether amines (VIII) and bicyclic amino ether amines (IX) collectively are referred to as amines (X), of the present invention are reacted with acids to form amine salts by methods known to those skilled in the art and the resulting salts are more water soluble and therefore preferable to use when an aqueous formulation is desired such as a solution for IV use.
• the amines (X) possess one or more basic nitrogen atoms.
• the pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms of the amines (X) are generally preferred over the free base form since the salts have greater water solubility and form crystals more suitable for pharmaceutical purposes.
• An acid addition salt of the amines (X) can be converted to the free base, which can be converted to any desired pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt by methods known to those skilled in the art.
• the acid addition salt be prepared by reacting the free base of the amines (X) with an approximately stoichiometric amount of an acid, such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, sulfuric, phosphoric, acetic, lactic, citric, succinic, benzoic, salicyclic, pamoic, cyclohexanesulfamic, methanesulfonic, naphthalenesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, maleic, fumaric, oxalic acid and the like. It is preferred that the acid be selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric, maleic, methanesulfonic and fumaric acids.
• an acid such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, sulfuric, phosphoric, acetic, lactic, citric, succinic, benzoic, salicyclic, pamoic, cyclohexanesulfamic, methanesulfonic
• the amines (X) and acid addition salts thereof can be isolated as hydrates or solvates, and such forms are regarded as equivalent to the corresponding amines (X) not containing water or solvent. It is preferred that the amine (X) be an aromatic amine (I), alkyl amine (II) or bicyclic amine (III). It is more preferred that the amine (X) be an aromatic amine (I) or bicyclic amine (III).
• the amine portion be a 1-piperazine substituted in the 4- position with -(CH 2 ) j -heteroaryl where j is preferrably 0 and heteroaryl is preferrably (a) pyrimidin-4-yl substituted in the 2-and/or 6- position with 4-morpholinyl, 1-pyrollidinyl or (b) pyridinyl substituted in the 3- position with -NR m-3 R M-3 . It is more preferred that the amine be A-22 (PREPARATION A-22) or A-47 (PREPARATION A-47).
• X 1 be -O-, -CH 2 - or -CO-. It is preferred that n 1 be 0-6, it is more preferred that n 1 be 1-6. It is preferred that R 3 be -OH or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy. It is preferred that R 8 and R 9 be -H. It is preferred that R 22 and R 23 are -H. It is preferred that R 1 and R 2 are the same and are -H, -CH 3 or t-butyl.
• n 2 is 4-8, more preferrably 6. It is preferred that X 2 be -H, -OH, -O-CO-(C 1 -C 4 ) or -O-CO-aryl.
• R 16-1 or R 16- 2 is -CH 3 . It is preferred that R 7 is -H. It is also preferred that R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are all -CH 3 . It is preferred that n 6 is 1. It is preferred that X 3 is -CO- or -CH 2 - and that W 2 is -O-.
• n 4 is 3-6 and n 5 is 2.
• R 17 is -(CH 2 ) n9 -W 1 .
• the amines (X) of the present invention are useful pharmaceutical agents in treating a number of different medical conditions in humans and useful warm blooded animals.
• the 3,4-dihydrobenzopyran compounds (XI) are known, see EP 202,580-A. These compounds are use in the same way for the same purposes as the amines (X) of the present Invention.
• the amines (X) of the present invention are useful in treating spinal trauma, mild and/or moderate to severe head injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage and subsequent cerebral vasospasm, ischemic
• thromboembolic stroke, excess mucous secretion, asthma, muscular dystrophy, adriamycin-induced cardiac toxicity, Parkinsonism, Alzheimer's disease, other degenerative neurological disorders, multiple sclerosis, organ damage during reperfusion after transplant, skin graft rejection, hemorrhagic, traumatic and septic shock, and conditions such as severe burns, ARDS , inflammatory diseases such as osteo- or rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome (immunological), systemic lupus erythematosis, allergic reactions, atherosclerosis, inflammation (for example dermatological, inflammatory and psoriasis conditions), emphysema, stress induced ulcers, cluster headaches, complications from brain tumors (e.g.
• peritumoral edema peritumoral edema
• radiation damage for example during reaiation treatment or from accidental exposure to radiation
• damage after MI damage after MI
• pre-birth infant strangulation and infant hypoxia syndrome damage after MI
• opthalmic disorders as uveitis and optic neuritis, and malignant hyperthermia.
• the amines (X) are useful in preventing damage following cardiopulmonary resuscitation, neurological or cardiovascular surgery and from cardiac infarction.
• the amines (X) are used like the glucocorticoid pharmaceuticals for the treatment of the above human conditions as well as the animal conditions listed below. While the amines (X) are useful in both humans and animals in treating many of the same conditions and preventing damage from the same problems as the glucocorticoids, the amines (X) are useful in treating a number of conditions and preventing damage from conditions where the glucocorticoids are not useful.
• the amines (X) have no glucocorticoid activity and therefore, unlike the glucocorticoids, they can be given daily for long periods of time (used chronically) without the side effects associated with the glucocorticoids. This is a distinct advantage.
• each of the amines (X) is useful to a different degree for treating each of the conditions above. However, as is known to those skilled in the art, some of the amines (X) are better for treating some conditions and others are better, for treating other conditions. In order to determine which compounds are better than others for a particular condition one can utilize known tests that do not require expermentation but only routine analysis.
• the fertile egg or chick embryo assay of Folkman discloses an assay to determine antlangiogenic activity which is indicative of inhibition of tumor growth and anti-cancer utility. Because of the ability of the compounds which are active in the Folkman embryo test to inhibit tumor growth, they are useful in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, especially various forms of cancer. Accordingly, they are administered to animals and humans to prolong survival or reduce pain and/or discomfort secondary to tumor growth and the alike.
• Another method useful for determining which particular compounds inhibit lipid peroxidation and which are therefore useful in treating spinal trauma, mild and/or moderate to severe head injury, degenerative neurological disorders, etc is described by Pryor in Methods of Enzymology 105, 293 (1984). Further, the mouse head injury assay of Hall, J.
• Neurosurg., 62, 882 (1980) discloses an assay from which one skilled in the art can readily determine which particular amines (VI) are useful in the acute treatment of spinal trauma or mild and/or moderate to severe head injury. Additionally, the cat 48 hr motor nerve degeneration model of Hall et al, Exp. Neurol., 79, 488 (1983) discloses a routine assay from which one skilled in the art can readily determine which particular amines (VI) are useful in treating chronic degenerative neurological disorders such as Parkinsonism, Alzheimer's disease etc. H. Johnson in Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol., 70, 169 (1983) has described the ascarias sensitized rhesus monkey assay for anti-asthma drugs.
• the standard conditions for treatment are to give the amines (VI) orally or parenterally, e.g. IV (that is by injection, infusion or continuous drip) or IM, with a standard dose of about 0.05 to about 10 mg/kg/day IV or about 0.5 to about 50 mg/kg/day, one to four times daily by mouth.
• Typical treatment will involve an initial loading dose, e.g. an IV dose of 0.01 mg to 2 mg/kg followed by maintenance dosing e.g. IV infusion for a day to a week depending on the particular condition of the patient and the particular compound used. This may be supplemented with IM or oral dosing for days, weeks or months to prevent delayed neuronal degeneration in neurological applications (eg spinal trauma, head injury).
• the amines (X) are administered orally, IV and by inhalation in the standard dose.
• the oral dose of the amines (X) used is from about 0.5 to about 50 mg/kg/day.
• the frequency of administration is one through 4 times daily.
• the oral administration of the amines (X) to treat excess mucous secretions may go on for months or even years.
• the susceptible individuals can be pre-treated a few hours before an expected problem.
• the IV dose is about 0.05 to about 20 mg/kg/day.
• the aerosol formulation contains about 0.05 to about 1.0% of the amines (X) and is administered or used about four times daily as needed.
• amines are administered orally using a dose of about 0.5 to about 50 mg/kg/day, administered or used one to four times a day. The treatment may go on for years.
• the amines (X) are administered orally or IV using a dose of about 0.05 to about 50 mg/kg/day, preferrably about 0.5 to about 10 mg/kg/day.
• the amines (X) are preferably given concomitantly with IV adriamycin or the individual is pre-treated with the amines (X).
• the amines (X) are used according to the standard conditions.
• the patient can be pretreated with a single IV or IM dose just prior to surgery or orally before and after surgery.
• the amines (X) are given orally or IM in doses of about 0.5 to about 50 mg/kg/day, one to four times daily. Orally the drug will be given over a period of months or years alone or with other steroidal or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents.
• the Initial dose with some severe rheumatoid patients may be given IV and followed with an IV drip for up to 24 hr or more.
• intra-arterial administration may be employed.
• the amines (X) are given in a dose of about 0.5 to 50 mg/kg/day, administered one to four times daily orally and IV. Typical treatment would be an initial IV loading dose followed by oral dosing for a few days or more.
• the amines (X) are given orally in a dose of about 0.5 to about 50 mg/kg/day, one to four times daily for months or years.
• the amines (X) are given orally in a dose of about 0.5 to about 50 mg/kg/day, one to four times daily or applied topically as a cream, ointment or lotion or equivalent dosage form in a concentration of about 0.05 to about 5% as long as needed.
• the amines (X) can be used with steroidal agents.
• the amines (X) are useful in the prevention and treatment of stress ulcers and of gastric intolerance caused by drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds (NOSAC). Stress ulcers are ulcers that develop after exposure to severe conditions such as trauma, burns, sepsis, extensive surgery, acute illnesses, and the like.
• NOSAC includes drugs such as ibuprofen, aspirin, indomethacin, naproxen, piroxicam and the like that are usually taken for analgesia, and that are often associated with gastrointestinal intolerance characterized by pain and lesions that may lead to bleeding.
• the amines (X) will be administered preferentially by the oral route either as tablets , capsules or liquids, in doses ranging from about 5 to about 500 mg, two to four times a day.
• the treatment would be either preventive, i.e., starting before ulcers have formed in patients at risk of developing such lesions, or therapeutic, i.e., once the ulcers have formed.
• the amines (X) would be given either through a nasogastric tube, or parenterally, i.e., IV or IM.
• the parenteral doses would range from about 1 to about 100 mg and be administered one to four times a day or by IV.
• the amines (X) trauma, intervertebral diseases (slipped disk), traumatic shock, flea bite and other allergies.
• the amines (X) are useful in treating endotoxic or septic shock which follows colic, pretreatment before surgery for colic and treatment of Founder (laminitis).
• the amines (X) are useful in treating acute coliform mastitis, bovine mastitis, acute allergic reaction to feed lot vaccination and shipping fever.
• the amines (X) are useful in treating porcine stress syndrome and. thermal stress syndrome.
• treatment or treating as used in this patent is used broadly and includes both treatment of an existing condition as well as preventing the same condition from occurring where such is possible as is well known to those skilled in the art.
• the amines (X) can be used to treat existing asthma conditions and to prevent future ones from occurring.
• the amines (X) treat spinal trauma and prevent rejection of skin grafts.
• the amines (X) can be used with other pharmaceutical agents in treatment of the conditions listed above as is known to those skilled in the art.
• the exact dosage and frequency of administration depends on the particular amines (X) used, the particular condition being treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age, weight, general physical condition of the particular patient, other medication the individual may be taking as is well known to those skilled in the art and can be more accurately determined by measuring the blood level or concentration of the amines (X) in the patient's blood and/or the patients response to the particular condition being treated.
• DEFINITIONS AND CONVENTIONS The definitions and explanations below are for the terms as used throughout this entire document including both the specification and the claims. I. CONVENTIONS FOR FORMULAS AND DEFINITIONS OF VARIABLES
• variable substituents contained in parentheses are bonded to the atom immediately to the left of the variable substituent enclosed in parenthesis.
• each of the consecutive variable substituents is bonded to the immediately preceding atom to the left which is not enclosed in parentheses.
• R i and R j are bonded to the preceding carbon atom.
• C i is the integer corresponding to the carbon atom number.
• C 6 represents the 6 position or carbon atom number in the steroid nucleus as traditionally designated by those skilled in the art of steroid chemistry.
• R 6 represents a variable substituent (either monovalent or bivalent) at the C 6 position.
• the cyclic molecular fragment, 4- (ethyl) -1-piperazinyl can be represented by -N -(CH 2 ) 2 -N(C 2 H5) -CH 2 - C*H 2 .
• a cyclic (ring) structure for any compound herein defines an orientation with respect to the plane of the ring for substituents attached to each carbon atom of the cyclic compound.
• a substituent attached to a carbon atom below the plane of the ring is identified as being in the alpha ( ⁇ ) configuration and is indicated by a broken, dashed or dotted line attachment to the carbon atom, i.e., by the symbol "- - -" or ".".
• the corresponding substituent attached above the plane of the ring is identified as being in the beta ( ⁇ ) configuration.
• the valences may be taken together or separately or both in the definition of the variable.
• R i is defined to consist of two monovalent variable substituents
• the convention used to define the bivalent variable is of the form " ⁇ -R i -j : ⁇ -R i- k" or some variant thereof.
• both ⁇ -R i-j and ⁇ -R i-k are attached to the carbon atom to yield -C( ⁇ -R i-j ) ( ⁇ -R i-k )-.
• two monovalent variable substituents are ⁇ -R 6-1 : ⁇ -R 6-2 , .... ⁇ -R 6-9 : ⁇ -R 6- 10 , etc, yielding -C( ⁇ -R 6-1 ) ( ⁇ -R 6-2 )-, .... -C( ⁇ -R 6-9 ) ( ⁇ -R 6-10 )-, etc.
• bivalent variable may be defined as two separate monovalent variable substituents
• two separate monovalent variable substituents may be defined to be taken together to form a bivalent variable.
• R i and R j may be defined to be taken together to form (1) a second bond between C 1 and C 2 or (2) a bivalent group such as oxa (-O-) and the formula thereby describes an epoxide.
• the carbon atom content of variable substituents is indicated in one of two ways .
• the first method uses a prefix to the entire name of the variable such as "C 1 -C 4 " , where both "1" and "4" are integers representing the minimum and maximum number of carbon atoms in the variable.
• the prefix is separated from the variable by a space.
• C 1 -C 4 alkyl represents alkyl of 1 through 4 carbon atoms, (including isomeric forms thereof unless an express indication to the contrary is given) .
• the prefix indicates the entire carbon atom content of the variable being defined.
• C 2 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl describes a group CH 3 - (CH 2 ) n -O- CO- where n is zero, one or 2.
• the carbon atom content of only each portion of the definition is indicated separately by enclosing the "Ci-Cj " designation in parentheses and placing it immediately (no intervening space) before the portion of the definition being defined.
• this optional convention (C 1 -C 3 )alkoxycarbonyl has the same meaning as C 2 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl because the "C 1 -C 3 " refers only to the carbon atom content of the alkoxy group .
• C 2 -C 6 alkoxyalkyl and (C 1 -C 3 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 3 )alkyl define alkoxyalkyl groups containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms
• the two definitions differ since the former definition allows either the alkoxy or alkyl portion alone to contain 4 or 5 carbon atoms while the latter definition limits either of these groups to 3 carbon atoms.
• TLC refers to thin-layer chromatography.
• THF refers to tetrahydrofuran.
• TEA refers to triethylamine.
• DMF refers to dimethylformamide.
• Saline refers to an aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution.
• IR refers to infrared spectroscopy.
• NMR nuclear (proton) magnetic resonance spectroscopy
• ⁇ refers to phenyl (C 6 H 5 ).
• Ar refers to ⁇ with the appropriate variable substituents as defined in the claims for the aromatic amines (I).
• MS refers to mass spectrometry expressed as m/e or mass/charge unit.
• M + refers to the positive ion of a parent.
• [M + H] + refers to the positive ion of a parent plus a hydrogen atom.
• El refers to electron impact.
• Cl refers to chemical ionization.
• FAB refers to fast atom bombardment.
• HR refers to high resolution.
• Ether refers to diethyl ether.
• PCT 86/01797 refers to published PCT patent application No US 86/01797, International Publication No W087/01706.
• Suleptanate ester refers to the (sulfonylethyl-N-methylamido)-suberic acid (ester) R-O-CO- (CH 2 ) 6 -CO-N(CH 3 ) -CH 2 CH 2 -SO 2 -O H .
• amines (X) refers to all the amines of the nine different types, the aromatic amines (I), the alkyl amines (II), the bicyclic amines (III), the cycloalkyl amines (IV), the aromatic bicyclic amines (V), the hydroquinone amines (VI), the quinone amines
• Pharmaceutically acceptable refers to those properties and/or substances which are acceptable to the patient from a pharmacological/toxicological point of view including bioavailability and patient acceptance or to the manufacturing chemist from a physicalchemical point of view regarding composition, formulation, stability and isolatability.
• NNNNNN-NN-N refers to Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS , Columbus, Ohio) registry numbers where each "N" is an integer from 0 thru 9, but deleting leading zeros in the 6-digit portion of the number. Registry numbers are assigned to a particular chemical compound by CAS criteria, that the compound has been found to exist and it has been characterized in some way. Compounds published from approximately 1967 to the present are registered publicly and the registry number is the key to finding references in the CAS data base for such a registered compound.
• the CAS data base is publicly available from several database vendors such as STN International, System Development Corporation (SDC) Orbit Search Service, Lockheed Dialog, bibliographic Retrieval Systems, Questrel, etc. CAS registry numbers are included in the EXAMPLES for some of the compounds which have been, registered.
• the mixture is stirred for 24 h at 20-25°, basic workup (chloroform, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate) and flash chromatography over silica gel eluting with hexane ethyl acetate (4/1) provides the protected form of the title compound.
• the protected amine (967 ml), ethyl acetate (20 ml) and hydrochloric acid (3.0 N, 50 ml) is stirred for 3 h at 20-25°.
• PREPARATION A- 15 4-[2,6-Bis(diethylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]piperazine See Example 0.
• PREPARATION A-16 4-[6-Amino-4-(diethylamino)-2-pyrimidinyl- piperazine Dry piperazine (3.59 g) and 2-amino-4-diethylamino-6-chloropyrimidine (1.55 g) are heated at 100o in ethylene glycol (20 ml) for 4 h. The mixture is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The phases are separated, the organic phase is dried with sodium sulfate and concentrated.
• PREPARATION A-18 4-[2-(Diethylamino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- pyrimidinyl]piperazine
• a solution of 2-diethylamino-4-piperazino-6-chloropyrimidine (4.10 g) in pyrrolidine (4.10 g) is heated at 100° for 12 h.
• the mixture is concentrated and the residue is partitioned between aqueous sodium bicarbonate and methylene chloride.
• the phases are separated and the organic phase is dried and concentrated to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl 3 ) 1.15, 1.90, 2.90, 3.45, 3.70 and 4.75 ⁇ .
• PREPARATION A-21 4-[2-(Diethylamino)-6-(1-piperidinyl)-4- pyrimidinyl]piperazine
• a solution of 2-diethylamino-4, 6-dichloropyrimidine (4 g) in piperidine (6 g) is heated at 80° for 20 min.
• the mixture is stirred at 20-25° for 15 h and then partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium carbonate.
• the phases are separated, the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated.
• the residue and piperazine (8 g) are refluxed in pyridine (100 ml) for 6 h.
• the reaction is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous potassium carbonate.
• PREPARATION A-22 4-[2,6-Bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]- piperazine
• a solution of pyrrolidine (80 g) in THF (500 ml) is chilled in an ice water bath and stirred mechanically under nitrogen. With a syringe pump of 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine (50 g) is added over 35 minutes. The reaction is stirred in the ice bath for 1 hour and is then warmed to 20-25o over 4 h. Pyridine (100 ml) is added to the reaction and the mixture stirred at 20-25° overnight. The reaction is concentrated. The residue is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
• a solution of 160 g of morpholine in 1000 ml of methylene chloride is treated dropwise with 100 g of 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine.
• the reaction is immersed in an ice water bath. After 1 h, 300 ml of pyridine is added. The reaction is stirred for two days and concentrated. The residue is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel (10% ethyl acetate/hexane to 25% to methylene chloride) to give 2,4-[bis(morpholino)]-6-chloropyrimidine.
• PREPARATION A-24 4-[2,6-Bis(allylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]piperazine Following the general procedure for PREPARATION A- 22, and making non-critical variation but substituting allylamine for pyrrolidine the title compound is obtained.
• PREPARATION A-28 4-[(5-Methyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]- piperazine
• a mixture of 3-bromo-5-methyl-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (4.16 g), 15.07 g of piperazine and 20 ml of pyridine is stirred at 100° under nitrogen for 22 h.
• the reaction is monitored by TLC (8% methanol/methylene chloride) and after this period of time no change occurs.
• the mixture is subsequently placed in a Parr bomb and heated in an oil bath at 180° for 24 h. Bomb pressure increases by 40 psi.
• the mixture is worked up by partitioning between chloroform and water.
• PREPARATION A-30 4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)piperazine [35386-24-4], see Aldrich item M2, 260-1.
• PREPARATION A-31 4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)piperazine [70849-64-8], see Aldrich item M2,300-4.
• PREPARATION A-32 4-[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazine
• PREPARATION A-39 [2-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl] amine See J. Pharm. Sci. 60, 1232 (1971).
• PREPARATION A-40 [2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl][3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-methyl]amine
• a mixture of 3,4-dimethoxyphenylamine (2.87 g), 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (3.15 g), benzene (100 ml) and p-TSA (276 ml) is heated at reflux in a Dean Stark apparatus. After 16 hours, the mixture is allowed to cool to 20-25°.
• PREPARATION A-41 [2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl][[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl]methyl]amine [13159-97-2], see Chem. Abst. 65:7001f.
• PREPARATION A-42 [ ( 3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)methyl] [2-(3,4-dimethoxy- phenyl)-ethyl]amine
• a mixture of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (1.25 g) t-butyldimethyl- silyl chloride (3.5 g), dimethylformamide (10 ml) and imidazole (1.54 g) is stirred for 18 h at 20-25°.
• the mixture is diluted with ether and washed successively with dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sodium bicarbonate.
• the organic phase is separated and dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to give an oil homogeneous by TLC.
• the oil (3.3 g), 3,4-dimethoxyethylamine (1.77 g) toluene (50 ml) and p-TSA (150 ml) is heated at reflux in a Dean Stark apparatus for 24 h. Afterwards the solution is permitted to cool to 20-25°, methanol (35 ml), hydrochloric acid (1.2 N, 4.2 ml) and sodium borohydride (1 g) are added.
• PREPARATION A-43 (2-Pyridinyl)methylamine [3731-51-9], see Aldrich item A6, 520-4.
• PREPARATION A-44 4-[2-[4-[2,6-Bis(l-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]- 1-piperazinyl]ethyl]piperazine Several batches of di-t-butyl dicarbonate (17.7 g) is added to a stirred mixture of 2-hydroxyethylpiperazine (10.6 g) in ether (300 ml).
• the mixture is stirred at 20-25° for 1.5 hr and then washed with sodium hydroxide (5%, 200 ml), saline (200 ml), dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered.
• the organic solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give an oil.
• the oil is flash chromatographed on silica gel (100 g), eluting with ethyl acetate/methanol/aamonium hydroxide (9.5/0.4/0.1). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the N-protected 2-hydroxyethylpiperazine.
• This material is chromatographed on a silica gel column (500 g) eluting with acetone/methylene chloride (5/95). The appropriate fractions (500 ml) are pooled and concentrated to give a solid.
• the splid (10.13 g) is refluxed in methanol (200 ml) and cooled under nitrogen. Potassium hydroxide (45% aqueous, 4 ml) is added, the mixture degassed with nitrogen and heated to reflux. After 8 h the mixture is cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The solid is transferred to a separatory funnel containing ethyl acetate (200 ml) and water (100 ml).
• Diethylamine (3.29 ml) is added dropwise over 1 h to a mixture of 2,6-dichloro-3-nitropyridine (6.13 g), acetonitrile (100 ml) and potassium carbonate (5.2 g) precooled to 0°.
• the mixture is allowed slowly to warm to 20-25° and is stirred for 16 h.
• the mixture is filtered, the filtrate combined with piperazine (12.2 g) and potassium carbonate (6 g). The resulting mixture is heated at reflux for 24 h and then permitted to cool to 20-25°.
• Aqueous workup (methylene chloride, water washed over organic layers, potassium carbonate) and purification by flash chromatography (silica gel) eluting with chloroform/methanol (20:1 -- ⁇ 5:1) gives 6-N,N-diethylamino-3-nitro-2-(1-piperazinyl)pyridine.
• This material (21.8 g) , ethanol (275 ml) , hydrochloric acid (1. 2 N, 27 ml) and 10% palladium on charcoal (5.25 g) is exposed to hydrogen at 50 pounds per square inch in a Parr flask. After 16 h the residue is filtered through celite , concentrated and partitioned between chloroform and sodium hydroxide (5%) .
• the organic layers are separated, dried using potassium carbonate and concentrated.
• the concentrate is passed through a plug of silica gel , eluting with chloroform/methanol/anmonium hydroxide (4/1/0.25) to give 3-amino-6 -N,N-diethylamino-2- (1-piperazinyl)pyridine .
• a solution of di t-butyl dicarbonate (11.8 g) and methylene chloride (25 ml) is added dropwise over 30 min to a mixture of 3 -amino-6 -N,N-diethylamino-2- (1-piperazinyl)pyridine (13.5 g) , triethylamine (8 .
• the concentrate is column chromatographed on silica gel 60 (40 63 ⁇ ) eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (2/1) containing triethylamine (1%). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give 3-ethylamino-2-[(4-t-butyl carbamate)-1-piperazinyl]piperidine. 3-Ethylamino-2-[(4-t-butyl carbamate)-1-piperazinyl]piperidine (2.47 g), ethyl acetate (67 ml) and hydrochloric acid (3 N, 49 ml) are combined and stirred for 2 hr at 20 - 25°. TLC indicates no starting material.
• PREPARATION A-49 4-[4,6-Bis(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]- piperazine
• the mixture is concentrated at atmospheric pressure and heated at about 200° for 5 hr, then cooled and chromatographed on silica gel eluting with methanol/methylene chloride (30/70). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the 1-formyl 4-[4,6-bis(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]piperazine. Hydrolysis of the formamide in the usual way
• 2-Chloro-5-nitropyridine 25 g is dissolved in acetonitrile (150 ml) and the mixture is added dropwise over 30 min to a stirred suspension of piperizine (61.3 g) and potassium carbonate (26.2g) in acetonitrile (550 ml). The reaction mixture is stirred at 20-25° for 16 hr. The solvent is removed on a rotary evaporator and the residue is diluted with methylene chloride/water.
• the nitro compound (30.7 g) is dissolved in ethanol (500ml), and palladium/carbon (10%, 10 g) and hydrochloric acid (1.2 N, 55 ml) are added and the mixture hydrogenated on a Parr apparatus (50 psi) for 4 hr.
• the mixture is then filtered thru celite and the filtrate evaporated to dryness to give an oil.
• the residue is partitioned between saturated sodium bicarbonate and chloroform, the layers are separated, the aqueous layer is reextracted with chloroform (2 ⁇ 250 ml) and the organic phases are combined, dried over potassium carbonate and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• the pH of the aqueous phase is raised to 11 by the addition of solid potassium hydroxide, the mixture reextracted with chloroform, dried and concentrated to give the crude 5-amino compound.
• the aqueous layer is concentrated to half the volume, excess sodium chloride is added and the mixture is reextracted with chloroform.
• the extract is dried and concentrated to obtain additional 5-amino compound.
• the protected piperazine compound (2.6 g) and acetaldehyde (1.7 g) in methanol (25 ml) is cooled to 0°.
• Sodium cyanoborohydride (0.62 g) is added In one portion.
• the cooling bath is removed and the mixture is permitted to warm to 30° .
• the mixture is stirred at 20-25° for 2 hr.
• the methanol is removed under reduced pressure and the residue is partitioned between methylene chloride and a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution.
• the phases are separated and the organic phase is washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, saline, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give an oil.
• the oil is purified by HPLC on silica gel, MS (M + ) 334 .
• a solution of diethylamine (4.0 ml) and acetonitrile (25 ml) is added dropwise over 40 min to a mixture of 4,6-dichloro-5-nitropyrimidine (7.5 g), acetonitrile (150 ml) and potassium carbonate (6.41 g) at 0°.
• the mixture is stirred for an additional 50 min at 0° and is then allowed to warm to 20-25°. After 16 hr, the mixture is filtered, and the residue washed with acetonitrile (2 ⁇ 25 ml).
• the crude filtrate, piperazine (25.8 g) and potassium carbonate (6.41 g) are combined and heated at reflux for 6 hr.
• Octanediol (3.656 g) in pyridine (50 ml) is stirred at 0° and methanesulfonyl chloride (2.32 ml) is added slowly. The mixture is stirred with continued cooling for about 2 hr and then is poured into a mixture of ice (200 g) and hydrochloric acid (49 ml). The mixture is allowed to warm then is extracted with ethyl acetate (2 ⁇ 100 ml).
• a mixture of 4-methoxyphenol (5.0 g), 1,6-dibromohexane (31 ml), potassium carbonate (6.13 g) and acetonitrile (50 ml) are heated at reflux for 24 hr.
• the mixture is allowed to cool to 20-25° and the small amount of solids that formed are collected, dissolved in chloroform, washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to give the diarylhexane side product.
• PREPARATION NA-12 1,2-Methylenedioxy-4-[3-mesyloxypropyl]benzene
• a solution of 1,2-methylenedioxy-4-[3-hydroxypropyl]benzene, (10.0 g), methanesulfonyl chloride (6.33 g, 4.28 ml) and triethylamine (5.6 g) in methylene chloride (100 ml) is stirred at 0° for 2 hr.
• the reaction mixture is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
• the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated.
• the residue is dissolved in acetonitrile (100 ml).
• PREPARATION NA-13 2-Bromo-4-methoxyacetophenone
• This material is stirred with borane-methyl sulfide complex (1.0 M, 38 ml) in THF at 20-25° for 24 hr. Aqueous sodium bicarbonate, methylene chloride and water are added. The ketoalcohol product is combined with other partly reduced materials and treated with borane-methyl sulfide complex in excess in methylene chloride for 72 hr. It is important that the ketoacid Friedel Crafts adduct should be reduced exhaustively with excess borane-methyl sulfide complex.
• the damp product is dissolved in ethyl acetate, the solution is washed with saline, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to give the mesylate of the desired compound.
• the mesylate and sodium iodide (28 g) in acetone (400 ml) are stirred under reflux for 1 hr, and then filtered. The filter cake is washed with acetone. The filtrate is concentrated and the residue is dissolved in ethyl acetate.
• the solution is washed with sodium thiosulfite (2% aqueous), saline, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to give a solid.
• a solution of borane-dimethylsulfide (10 M) is added to an icecold solution of 3-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy)propene (1.6 g) and stirred at 0° for 0.5 hr, then at 20-25° for 0.5 hr. The reaction is then quenched with water (3 ml). After the effervescence ceases, a solution of aqueous sodium hydroxide (20%) is added until a faint pink color develops, and then aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30%, 1.3 ml) is added to the mixture at 0°. The reaction is stirred overnight at 20-25°. The mixture is diluted with water and extracted with ether.
• the ether extracts are combined, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated.
• the concentrate is flashed chromatographed on silica gel (230-400 mesh) eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (30/70). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give 3-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanol.
• 3-(3,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-l-propene (5.0 g) is added to a mixture of powdered potassium hydroxide (7.98 g) in dimethylsulfoxide (50 ml) at 15°. Iodomethane (8.8 g) is then added and stirred below 20° for 0.5 hr. The reaction mixture is poured into ice/water and the product is extracted with ether (2x). The ether extracts are washed with water (3x), saline, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 3-(3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl-1-propene.
• PREPARATION NA-23 6-(3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanol mesylate Bromine is added dropwise to a solution of 2,6-dimethylanisole (12.0 g) in chloroform (100 ml) at about 5°. The solution is stirred at 5° for 2 hr and then allowed to warm to 20-25°. The reaction mixture is poured into ice-water, and the phases are separated. The chloroform phase is washed with water, aqueous sodium bisulfite solutlon, then with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxybromobenzene.
• 3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybromobenzene (8.0 g) in THF is added dropwise to a mixture of magnesium turnings (1.1 g), a crystal of iodine and THF (25 ml) at 20-25°.
• the mixture is refluxed for 18 hr.
• the Grignard reagent is cooled to 20-25° and a solution of cyclohexanone (4.0 g) in THF (60 ml) is added over a period of 5 min.
• the mixture is stirred at 20-25°, then refluxed for 6 hr.
• the solution is quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, and the product is extracted with ether (2x).
• the product is extracted with chloroform (3x), the extracts washed with water (100 ml), then with saline, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated.
• the concentrate is dissolved in aqueous sodium hydroxide and washed with ether (2x).
• the aqueous basic phase is chilled, traated with activated charcoal, filtered, and acidified with hydrochloric acid (12 N).
• the product is extracted with chloroform (2x), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to give the keto-acid.
• the resultant solution is stirred for 20 min and then is added dropwise over 20 min to a mixture of magnesium (1.46 g) and THF (5.0 ml). The resulting warm mixture is heated at reflux for 3 hr, and then cooled in an ice bath. A solution of 3-ethoxy-2-cyclohexene-1-one (5.39 ml) and THF (20.0 ml) is then added dropwise over 20 min. The resultant solution is allowed to warm to 20-25° and stir for 2 hr.
• PREPARATION NA-25 3-Oxo-1-cyclohexanal Following the general procedure of PREPARATION NA-24 and making non-critical variations but using 6-chloro-1-hexanol, the title compound is obtained, IR (neat) 2938, 1730, 1667, 1254, 1193 cm -1 .
• PREPARATION NA-26 3-Oxo-1-cyclohexene propanal
• a solution of 2- (2-bromoethyl)1,3-dioxalane (14.8 g) and THF (76 ml) is added dropwise over 35 min to a mixture of magnesium (3.98 g) and THF (27.1 ml).
• EXAMPLE 17A 3 ,6-Bis(2-pyridinyl)-4-pyridazine hexanol dihydrochloride 3,6-Bis(2-pyridinyl)-4-pyridazine hexanol (EXAMPLE 17, 0.167 g) is dissolved in water (6 ml) containing hydrochoric acid (2 equivalents), filtered and freeze dried to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 18 [4-(2,6-Bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazine]-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2- carboxamide (III/A-22) 6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethychroman-2-carboxylic acid (1.0 g) in THF (10 ml) is added in several batches 1,1' -carbonyldiimidazole (0.64 g).
• the mixture is stirred for 18 hr at 20-25°, cooled to 0° and treated dropwise with water (0.6 ml), aqueous sodium hydroxide (10%, 0.6 ml) and water (1.5 ml) with stirring for 30 min.
• the mixture is filtered through celite, the solids are washed with ethyl acetate (50 ml, 2x) and the combined wash and filtrates are concentrated under reduced pressure.
• the residue is dissolved in methylene chloride (150 ml), washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure.
• EXAMPLE 22A 2-[4-3(-N-Ethylamino)pyrld-2-yl)-piperazin-1-yl)methyl]-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman hydrochloride (III-47)
• the hydrogen chloride addition salt was prepared by the addition of a saturated solution of hydrogen chloride in ether to a ether solution of 2-[4-3(-N-ethylamino)pyrid-2-yl)-piperazin-l-yl)methyl] ⁇
• Methyl-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethychroman-2-carboxylate in THF is added to a suspension of lithium aluminum hydride (1.58 g) in THF (50 ml) at 0° dropwise over 15-20 min.
• the mixture is stirred at 0° for 30 min then at 20-25° for 18 hr.
• the mixture is cooled to 0° and quenched by dropwise addition of ethyl acetate (10 ml), water (1.6 ml), aqueous sodium hydroxide (15%, 1.6 ml) and then water (4.8 ml). The mixture is stirred at 0° for 30 min then filtered.
• the mixture is washed with water (100 ml), aqueous hydrochloric acid (5%, 100 ml), dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to give a crude tosylate (5.0 g).
• the crude tosylate is heated at 120° with piperazine (21.5 g) for 5 hr.
• the mixture was allowed to cool and distributed between dichloromethane (150 ml) and water (100 ml).
• the phases are separated and the organic phase is washed with water (100 ml), dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to leave an oil.
• This material is flash chromatographed on silica gel (200 g) eluting with ammonia, methanol, ethyl acetate (0.5/4.5/95). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give a residue.
• a mixture of the residue (0.3 g), chlorodipyridinylpyrimidine (J.A.C.S., 32, 1591 (1967), 0.27 g), potassium carbonate (0.14 g) and acetonitrile (15 ml) is heated at reflux for 2 days. The solvent is removed at reduced pressure, the residue was distributed between methylene chloride (30 ml) and water (30 ml).
• EXAMPLE 24A 2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4[[4-[2-[4-(2,6-bis(1- pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-1- piperazinyl]methyl]phenol fumerate (1:1)
• the fumarate salt is prepared by addition of fumaric acid (84 mg) to 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4[[4-[2-[4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidin- yl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-1-piperazinyl]methyl]]phenol (EXAMPLE 24) in methanol to obtain the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 26 N-Ethyl-2-[4-[6-(4-methoxyphenoxy)hexyl]-1-piperazinyl]-3-pyridinamine (I/A-47)
• a mixture of the tosylate (EXAMPLE 25, 0.66 g), 4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION A-47, 1.2 g), potassuim carbonate (0.44 g) and acetonitrile (10 ml) is heated at reflux for 2.5 hr. The solvent is removed at reduced pressure and the residue is distributed between chloroform (30 ml) and water (30 ml).
• the mixture is diluted with methylene chloride (25 ml) and washed with hydrochloric acid (5%, 50 ml), twice with water (50 ml), dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to leave an oil that is flash chromatographed on silica gel (25 g) eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (33/67) to give 4-hydoxyphenylacetaldehyde which is carried on immediately by the addition of 2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-(1-piperazinyl)pyrimidine (PREPARATION A-22, 0.79 g) and methanol (10 ml).
• EXAMPLE 41 1-[4-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)2-hydroxypropyl]-4- [2,6-(bis(1-pyrrolidinyl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine] (I/A-22)
• a mixture of chloroacetone (1.00 g), 2,4-bis(l-pyrrolidino)-4-(1-piperazinyl)pyrimidine (PREPARATION A-22, 3.02 g) and potassium carbonate (1.32 g) is stirred in acetonitrile (50 ml) for 24 hr.
• the reaction mixture is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
• EXAMPLE 42A 1-[4-(4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)butyl)]-4-(bis(1- pyrrolidinyl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine methane sulfonate 1-[4-(4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)butyl)]-4-(bis(lpyrrolidin ⁇ yl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine (EXAMPLE 42) is treated with methanesulfonic acid (180 mg) in THF to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 42' 1-[4-(4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)butyl)]-4-(bis(1- pyrrolidinyl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine 4-[3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl) Jbutanol (1.26 g) is treated with methanesulfonyl chloride (0.57 ml) and triethylamine (0.73 g) in methylene chloride (15 ml) at 0°. The mixture is partitioned between cold water and methylene chloride. The organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated.
• EXAMPLE 42B 1-[4-(4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)butyl)]-4-(bis(1- pyrrolidinyl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine dihydrochloride 1-[4-(4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)butyl)]-4-(bis(lpyrrolidinyl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine (EXAMPLE 42') is dissolved in acetone and treated in excess with ether which was saturated with hydrogen chloride gas. The salt is filtered, triturated with ether and dried under reduce pressure to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 43 2-[4-(4-(3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl)butyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-N-ethyl-3-pyridineamine ((I/A-47) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 42' and making noncritical variations but starting with 4-[3-(ethylamino))-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION A-47, 1.00 g) the title compound is obtained.
• the mixture is made acidic with hydrochloric acid and then neutralized with aqueous sodium blearbonate.
• the mixture is extracted with methylene chloride.
• the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to give the title compound which had a consistent NMR.
• EXAMPLE 44A 2-[4-(4-(3,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)butyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-N-ethyl-3-pyridineamine dihydrochloride 2-[4-(4-(3,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)butyl)piperazin-1-yl]-N-ethyl-3-pyridineamine (EXAMPLE 44) Is dissolved in ethyl acetate and treated in excess with ether which was saturated with hydrogen chloride gas. The salt Is filtered and dried tinder reduced pressure to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 45 1-[4-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)butyl)]-4-(di(1- pyrrolidinyl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine (I/A-22) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 44 and making noncrltical variations but starting with 2,4-bis(1-pyrrolidino)-4-(1-piperazinyl)pyrimidine (PREPARATION A-22, 3.93 g), the title compound is obtained.
• the mixture is cooled and the methanol removed under reduced pressure.
• the aqueous layer is acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid (10%) and then the pH adjusted to 8 with aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate.
• the product is extracted with methylene chloride (2x). The extracts are washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The concentrate is crystallized from ether/hexane to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 50 N-Ethyl-2-[4-[3-(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)propyl]- 1-piperazinyl]-3-pyridinamine (I/A-47) Following the general procedures of EXAMPLE 49 and making noncritical variations but starting with 4-[3-(ethylamino))-2-pyridinyl]-piperazine (PREPARATION A-47), the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 51 4-[2-[4-(2,6-Bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl-1- piperazinyl]ethyl]-2,6-dimethylphenol (I/A-22) Following the general procedure of PREPARATION NA-19 Part - II and EXAMPLE 47 but starting with 2-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-ethanol (PREPARATION NA-21) and 2,4-bis(1-pyrrolidino)-4-(1-piperazlnyl)pyrimidine (PREPARATION A-22), the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 52 4-[-2-[4-[3-(Ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-2,6-dimethyIphenol (I/A-47) Following the general procedure of PREPARATION NA-19 Part - II and EXAMPLE 47 but starting with 2-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-ethanol (PREPARATION NA-21) and 4-[3-(ethylamino))-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION A-47) , the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 53 4-[Bis-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]-1-[2-(6,7- dimethoxy-isochromyl)eth-1-yl]piperazine (V/A-22)
• potassium carbonate (1.32 g) and potassium iodide (0.88 g) in dry acetonitrile (40 ml) is stirred at 50° for 20 hr.
• reaction mixture is partitioned between methylene chloride and aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
• organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated.
• the residue is chromatographed over silica gel eluting with methanol/methylene chloride (3/97) to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 59 2-[4-(6-(3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl)hexyl)piperazinyl-N-ethyl-3-pyridinamine ( (I/A-47) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 47 - Part I and making non-critical variations but starting with 6-(3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanol mesylate (PREPARATION NA-23) and 4-[3- (ethylamino))-2-pyridinyl]-piperazine (PREPARATION A-47), the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 60 3-[6-(4-(3-(Ethylamino)pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1- yl)hexyl]cyclohex-2-en-1-one (IV/A-47) Following the procedure of Borch, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 93, 2897 (1971). sodium cyanoborohydride (144 mg) is added to a solution of 3-oxo-1-cyclohexanal (PREPARATION NA-25, 405 mg) , , 4-[3-(ethylamino))-2-pyridinyl]-piperazine (PREPARATION A-47, 495 mg) and methanol (4.20 ml).
• EXAMPLE 65 1-Phenoxy-4-[4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl1-piperazinyl]-butane (I/A-22) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making noncritical variations but using 4-phenoxy-1-bromobutane (PREPARATION NA-27) and 2,4-bis(1-pyrrolidino)-4-(1-piperazinyl)pyrimidine (PREPARATION A-22) , the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 66 1-[3,4-Dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1- benzopyran-2-yl)acetyl]-4-(2,6-bis(l-pyrrolidinyl)-4- pyrimidinyl)-piperazine (III/A-22) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 18 and making noncritical variations but starting with (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-yl)acetic acid, the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 67 1-[3,4-Dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1- benzopyran-2-yl)ethyl]-4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4- pyrimidinyl)-piperazine (III/A-22) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 21 and making noncritical variations but starting with 1-[3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)acetyl]-4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-piperazine (EXAMPLE 66), the title compound Is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 68 1-[[6-(Acetyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethy-2H-1- benzopyran-2-yl] acetyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-piperazine (III/A-47)
• An etheral solution of ( 6-acetoxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2- yl)acetyl chloride (10 ml, 1.3 g) is added slowly to a stirred solution of 4-[3-(ethylamino))-2-pyridinyl]-piperazine (PREPARATION A-47, 0.81 g) in chloroform (70 ml).
• Acetonitrile (40 ml), 2 ,6-bis(1-pyrrolidlnyl)-4-(1-piperazinyl)pyrimidine (PREPARATION A-22, 1.42 g), potassium carbonate (0.65g) are added to the solid and the mixture is heated at reflux for 10 hr.
• the solvent is removed at reduced pressure and residue is distributed between chloroform (100 ml) and water (100 ml).
• the phases are separated and the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent is removed at reduced pressureto give an oil.
• the oil is flash chromatographed on silica gel (175 g) eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (2/1). The appropriate fractions were pooled and concentrated to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 74 4-[4-(6-(4-Methoxyl-1-thiohexylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)- 2,6-bis (1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrimidine (I/A-22)
• a mixture of thioanisole (0.88 ml), 6-chlorohexanol (1.07 g), potassium carbonate (1.08 g) and acetone (10 ml) is heated at reflux for 18 hr.
• the solvent is removed at reduced pressure and the residue distribute between methylene chloride (50 ml) and water (50 ml).
• the phases are separated, the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate, the solvent removed at reduced pressure to leave an oil that crystallizes from hexane.
• the crystalline material is dissolved in a mixture of chloroform (10 ml) and pyridine (0.66 g) and cooled to 0°. To the mixture is added dropwise over 3-5 min a solution of ptoluenesulfonylchloride (1.2 g) in chloroform (5 ml). The mixture is stirred at 0° for 1 hr then at 20-25° for 18 hr. The reaction mixture is washed with hydrochloric acid (0.1N), saline, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to give the crude tosylate.
• hydrochloric acid 0.1N
• EXAMPLE 77 2 6-Bis (1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-[4-((2-(3,5-dimethyl-4- methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)- piperazinylpyrimidine (I/A-22) 1-[[(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-ketoeth-1-yl]butyl]-4-(bis(1-pyrrolidinyl))pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine (EXAMPLE 38) is dissolved in dry THF and is reacted with a Grignard reagent which is prepared from 2,6-dimethyl-4-bromoanisole and magnesium.
• EXAMPLE 150 1-Benzoyl-4-[(3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetra- methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)methyl]piperazine (III) To stirred solution of 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(1-piperazinylmethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol (EXAMPLE 126, 0.3g, 1.0 mmol), triethylamine (0.11g, 1.1 mmol) and methylene chloride (3 ml) is added dropwise over 1-2 min a solution of benzoyl chloride (0.16g, 1.1 mmol) in methylene chloride (2ml).
• the mixture is stirred at 20-25° for 1 hr and diluted with methylene chloride (20 ml), washed with water (20 ml), dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to leave a residue.
• the residue is flashed chromatographed on silica gel (25 g) eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/1) to give the product as an oil that is crystallized from ether to give the title compound.
• Chloroacetylchloride (33 ⁇ l) is added and the resultant solution is stirred for 1 hr at 0°, and 2 hr at 20-25°.
• Aqueous workup (methylene chloride, magnesium sulfate) provides an oil.
• the crude oil is combined with acetonitrile (2.0 ml) and diethylamine (0.10 ml) and the resultant solution stirred for 40 hr at 20-25°.
• basic workup ethyl acetate, sodium bicarbonate and magnesium sulfate
• flash chromatography eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (1/1) and concentrating the appropriate fractions provides the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 154 2-[[4-(2,6-Bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1- piperazinyl]methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl- 2H-1-benzopyran-6-(4-dimethylaminobutoxy) (III- prodrug) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 153 and making noncritical variations but using dimethylamino butyric acid, the title compound is prepared.
• EXAMPLE 155 2-[[4-[3-(Ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-1-piperazinyl]- methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-(dimethylaminoacetoxy) (III-prodrug) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 153 and making noncritical variations but using 2-[[4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-(dimethylaminoacetoxy), the title compound is prepared.
• EXAMPLE 157 2-[[4-(2,6-Bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1- piperazinyl]methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl- 2H-1-benzopyran-6-0-succinate sodium (III-prodrug) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 158 and making noncritical variations but utilizing succinic anhydride the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 161 6-Acetyloxy-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1- benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid 2-[(2,6-bis(l-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinylmethylamino]ethyl ester (III)
• a solution of oxalyl chloride (0.4 ml) in acetonitrile (0.4 ml) is added dropwise to a solution of 1 ml of DMF and 2.4 ml of acetonitrile. The mixture is stirred (mechanically) for 15 minutes at -20° and a precipitate separates.
• Powdered 6-acetoxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (1.169 g, 4 mmol) is added, the mixture is stirred 20 minutes at -20°, 20 minutes at 0° and then is recooled to -20°.
• a solution of 1.165 g (4 mmol) of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-[2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)]-4-pyrimidinamine in 1 ml of pyridine and a total of 4 ml of acetonitrile is added. The mixture is allowed to warm and stand overnight at 20-25° and then is diluted with methylene chloride.
• EXAMPLE 162 6-Acetyloxy-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1- benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid 2-[(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinylmethylamino]propyl ester (III) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 161 and making noncritical variations the title compound is obtained. MS (El) m/e 634; methanesulfonate salt m.p. 97-104
• EXAMPLE 163 Sodium Suleptanate Ester of 2-[[4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimIdinyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-3,4- dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol (III-prodrug) Triethylamine (0.022 ml) and diethylcyanophosphonate (0.0255 ml) are added to a mixture of 2-[[4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol (EXAMPLE 21, 0.064 g) and suleptanic acid monotriethylamine salt, HO-CO- (CH 2 ) 6 -CO-N(CH 3 ) -CH 2 CH 2
• the mixture is stirred for 7 days after which the solvents are removed under reduced pressure.
• Methylene chloride and several drops of aqueous sodium bicarbonate are added.
• the material is concentrated and chromatographed on silica gel using methanol/methylene chloride (15/85). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the triethylamine salt of the suleptanate ester.
• the triethylamine salt is taken up in n-butanol and partitioned with aqueous sodium sulfate (lg/10 ml of water). The n-butanol layer Is separated and the nbutanol is removed under reduced pressure.
• EXAMPLE 165 1-[(2-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-1-phenyl)methyl]-4-[3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (VI -47) Sodium cyanoborohydride (290 mg) is added to a solution of 2- hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.452 ml), 1-[(3-(ethylamino)-2- pyridinyl]piperazine (1.12 grams), methanol (14 ml), and hydrochloric acid (10%, 0.10 ml). The mixture is stirred for 16 hours at 20-25°. The mixture is then concentrated, worked up by aqueous extraction with chloroform.
• a solution of the disilylated aldehyde intermediate (8.26 grams), 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine (3.54 grams), toluene (30 ml) and toluene sulfonic acid (150 milligrams) is heated at reflux for 24 hours removing 10 ml of the solvent in a Dean-Starke trap. After cooling to 20-25° sodium borohydride (1.2 grams), and ethanol (40 ml) are added. After stirring for an additional 2 hours additional sodium borohydride (0.60 grams) and hydrochloric acid (10%, 4.0 ml) are added. The resulting mixture is stirred for 20 hours.
• EXAMPLE 175 3,4-Dihydro-3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-1,3,2- benzoxazin-6-ol (VIII-66)
• a mixture of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylmethyl-3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine (EXAMPLE 175, 0.476 gm) , paraformaldehyde (56 mg), THF (10 ml) and magnesium sulfate (0.240 gm) are stirred at 20-25° for 5 days.
• EXAMPLE 178 1-[[6-(Acetyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H- 1-benzopyann-2-yl]acetyl]-4-(4,6-bis(l-pyrrolidinyl)- 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)piperazine (III-45) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 68 and making noncritcial variation but starting with 4,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)piperazine (PREPARATION A-45), the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE 180 1-[2,6-Bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]-4-[(3,4- dihydro-6-acetyloxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyan-2-yl)carbonyl]piprazine (III-22) Acetic anhydride (0.056 g), [4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazine]-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxamide (EXAMPLE 18, 0.26 g) and pyridine (1 ml) are stirred for 2 hr at 20-25°, Hydrochloric acid (0.01N, 5 ml) and ethyl acetate (5 ml) are added, the layers separated, the organic phase washed with saline and dried over magnesium sulfate.
• Acetic anhydride 0.056 g
• EXAMPLE 182 4-[4-[2-(Ethylamino)-4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]- butyl]-2,6-dimethylphenol methanesulfonate (I-63)
• 4-[2,6-dimethyl-1-hydroxy-4-phenyl]butanol (PREPARATION NA-15) is reacted with 2-(ethylamino)-4-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine (Amine-63) to provide the hydroxy intermediate of the title compound.
• This hydroxy intermediate is esterified with methanesulfonic acid to give the title compound.
• EXAMPLE 188 3,4-dihydro-7-hydroxy-4-[1-(4-dimethyl-aminophenyl]ethyl]1,4,2-benzoxazine-3-one (IX) Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 185 and making noncritical variations but using 4-dimethylaminobenzylbromide, the title compound is obtained.
• EXAMPLE SALTS Following the general procedure of EXAMPLES 1A, 17A, 22A, 24A,
• 64A 3-[3-(4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin- 1-yl)propyl]-cyclohex-2-en-1-one hydrochloride 65A 1-phenoxy-4-[4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinylpiperazinyl]-butane monomethane sulfonate 66A 1-[3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)acetyl]-4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidin yl)-piperazine methane sulfonate 67A 1-[3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)ethyl]-4-(2,6-bis(1-pyrrolidinyl

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