EP0357712B1 - Mecanisme d'obturation pour arme a canon - Google Patents

Mecanisme d'obturation pour arme a canon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0357712B1
EP0357712B1 EP19890901962 EP89901962A EP0357712B1 EP 0357712 B1 EP0357712 B1 EP 0357712B1 EP 19890901962 EP19890901962 EP 19890901962 EP 89901962 A EP89901962 A EP 89901962A EP 0357712 B1 EP0357712 B1 EP 0357712B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wedge
stroke
breech
shaped insert
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890901962
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0357712A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Egon Janssen
Heinz-Günter Breuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0357712A1 publication Critical patent/EP0357712A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0357712B1 publication Critical patent/EP0357712B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/10—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis with sliding breech-block, e.g. vertically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a breech mechanism for a barrel weapon according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • this locking wedge does not allow to use instead of the steel eyelet ring elastically deformable ring eyelids with high plastic contents, as are known for example from US Pat. No. 1,460,683, because of the simultaneous radial and axial directions of movement of the locking wedge and one for prestressing the elastically deformable Ringlid réelle necessary larger sealing stroke a sealing wedge promoting the seal wear is possible.
  • US-PS 14 60 683 known sealing ring can also not achieve a sealing effect with a long service life in such an application, because the elastically deformable sealing ring can evade due to a lack of support on the inside towards the cargo area.
  • a falling wedge lock in which the locking wedge has a locking part in obliquely arranged guide grooves.
  • the breech member is initially carried along by the breech during the downward movement of the breech block, but is then prevented from moving further downward by a ramp arranged in a fixed manner in the weapon housing and finally pushed into the tube in the axial direction by means of an oblique boundary surface of the guide groove.
  • the closure part has an annular circumferential sealing lip on its peripheral surface facing the tube.
  • the invention enables the wedge-shaped insert to be synchronized with the locking wedge in a confined space, in particular in the case of a locking mechanism with a lifting wedge.
  • the comparatively large mass of the locking block can be driven in a manner known per se without any significant change to the drive system, the mass of the wedge-shaped insert to be controlled remaining low and not requiring its own drive means. This and because the deflection of the movement of the wedge-shaped insert can also take place without interrupting the movement of the locking block and nevertheless a stable and secure support is ensured, an operation with high cadence is made possible.
  • the locking mechanism according to the invention guarantees through the exclusively axial movement of the wedge-shaped insert a defined preload of a highly elastic seal and thereby a secure and permanent sealing of the cargo space, which enables the use of ammunition with a fully combustible sleeve or the use of liquid propellant in artillery weapons or tank cannons.
  • the invention also enables favorable manufacturing conditions, such as those created by the simplified manufacture of a parallel guide compared to a complex wedge-shaped bottom piece guide.
  • the simple design also offers a good adaptation of an automatic loader.
  • the bottom piece 5 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of a weapon barrel 3 belonging to an artillery weapon or tank cannon has a parallel guide 4 arranged at right angles to the barrel core axis 2 for receiving a locking block 9 belonging to a locking mechanism 1, which in a manner known per se automatically by a device 11 but can also be moved manually in the direction of displacement 6 within the parallel guide 4.
  • the device 11 is known for example from EP 00 14 559, so that a more detailed description is unnecessary.
  • the locking block 9 has a sliding surface 10 which extends obliquely from the bottom left to the top right relative to the parallel guide 4 at an angle ⁇ .
  • This sliding surface 10 is designed as a guide 23, for example in a manner not shown, in a T-groove shape for receiving a wedge-shaped insert 12 which has been worked into the locking block 9 from the side facing the cargo space 21.
  • the wedge-shaped insert 12 is connected for support in the sliding plane of the guide 23 with a means 14 mounted at the lower end of the sliding surface 10, the bearing point of the means 14 being arranged on the locking block 9 in a space-saving manner below the insert 12.
  • the eyelet is arranged on the base piece side above an eyelet 3 at the end of the cargo space 21 8 attached a stroke limiting means 15.1.
  • the stroke limiting means 15.1 is designed as a control cam, preferably with respect to the wedge-shaped insert 12 as a stop 18, which has a width which is greater than the sealing stroke X 1 of the insert 12.
  • the contact surface in the parallel guide 4 of the locking block 9 is set back to carry out a non-contact transverse stroke in the direction 6 in the direction 6 in the area of this stop 18 by a larger distance than the sealing stroke X 1 from the base piece. This prevents damage caused by the transverse movement of the closure block 9 on the eyelid.
  • the face 17 facing away from the oblique sliding surface 16 of the wedge-shaped insert 12 (FIG. 3), which is designed as a sealing surface arranged perpendicular to the tube core axis 2, is located up to the moment of the stop on the stop 18 at a distance corresponding to the sealing stroke X 1 relative to the tube end face 7.
  • This intermediate position 13 assumed by the wedge-shaped insert 12 before the sealing stroke X 1 is carried out is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the breech block 9 and the wedge-shaped insert 12 have the stroke starting from the open position of the breech mechanism 1 shown in FIG. 1, together with an upward and transverse movement with respect to the weapon barrel 3 until the intermediate position 13 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 is reached Y1 done.
  • the wedge-shaped insert 12 is prevented by the stop 18 from continuing the common transverse movement in the case of the further closing and continuously moving upward by the stroke Y 2 shown in FIG. 3, and leads positively through the inclined sliding surfaces 10, 16 simultaneously during the Hubes Y2 of the locking block 9 separately the sealing stroke X1 on the tube core axis 2 by.
  • the means 14 is therefore designed as a spring element, preferably as a gas pressure spring.
  • the wedge-shaped insert 12 can only assume its initial position when it has moved away from the end face 7 by the amount of the sealing stroke X 1, because until the intermediate position 13 is reached by a second control cam 15.2 arranged below the eyelid 8 on the weapon barrel 3 a guide length corresponding to the sealing stroke X 1, the return to the starting position (FIG. 1) is initially prevented.
  • the highly elastic sealing ring shown as Lid réelle 8 in Figure 4 contains two overlapping rings 22 made of wear-resistant, preferably, inside the cargo space hardened material.
  • the highly elastic seal which is also called “plastic eyelid” in defense technology, is covered towards the cargo space 21. Since the rings 22 and yet another ring protecting the last free corner of the seal are slotted, the seal can be changed in shape, in particular compressed, by the preload X2 during the seal stroke X1. Due to the overlap, the steel rings 22 can slide against each other during the sealing process.
  • the sealing effect achieved under the axial pretension is reinforced by the pressure of the propellant charge gases acting on the inside of the rings 22 when the shot is fired.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the inclined sliding surface 10, 10.1, 16 can be made larger or smaller in the area of self-locking.
  • the inclination can have an angle ⁇ of 4 °, for example, with a sealing preload X2 of 5 mm.
  • the stroke limiting means 15.3 of the wedge-shaped insert 12 comprises at least one control curve 19 arranged on the base piece 5 and one cam 20 arranged on the insert 12, the control curve 19 being designed such that the wedge-shaped insert 12 executes an exclusively radial stroke for taking the intermediate position 13 and can only be moved on the tube core axis 2 for carrying out the sealing stroke.
  • the control curve 19 initially runs parallel to the guide 4 and, after taking the intermediate position 13 at the level of the barrel core axis 2, is angled toward the weapon barrel 3.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the starting position and Figure 6 shows the closed position of the locking mechanism 1.
  • Der Insert 12 and the locking block 9 initially move together by the stroke Y 1 in the direction 24 upwards, while after reaching the intermediate position 13 the locking block 9 moves continuously upward by the stroke Y 2.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate in a further exemplary embodiment a closure block 9.1 with a sliding surface 10.1 running from bottom right to top left and a wedge-shaped insert 12.1 designed accordingly.
  • This arrangement differs from the examples shown in Figures 1 to 6 in that the sealing stroke X1 ( Figure 4) of the insert 12.1 after reaching the intermediate position 13.1 by a downward movement of the locking block 9.1 by the stroke Y2 in the direction 25 downwards.
  • the downward movement of the locking block 9.1 can be carried out continuously in a manner not shown by a sliding block guided in a curve.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention permet, pour assurer l'étanchéité d'une garniture élastique (8) placée à l'extrémité du canon (3) de l'arme, de disposer une pièce intérieure (12) en forme de coin sur la surface de glissement inclinée (10) d'un bloc d'obturation (9) disposé parallèlement dans la culasse (5) et mobile dans le sens transversal par rapport à l'axe (2) de l'âme du canon et d'utiliser, de manière simple, le mouvement du bloc d'obturation (9), tout d'abord pour le mouvement de fermeture, puis pour le mouvement d'étanchéité de la pièce intérieure (12) en forme de coin, mouvement dirigé exclusivement dans l'axe (2) de l'âme du canon. Le fait que le mouvement d'étanchéité s'exerce exclusivement dans l'axe de l'âme du canon permet d'obtenir une prétension uniforme et bien déterminée de la garniture (8).

Claims (7)

  1. Mécanisme de culasse (1) pour le canon d'une arme, monté de façon mobile dans une fente de guidage à parois parallèles (4) du bloc-culasse (5) du canon qui est à angle droit par rapport à l'axe (2) de l'âme du canon, qui comprend des moyens mobiles vers la garniture transversalement à la direction de déplacement (6), le mécanisme de culasse (1) comportant un bloc d'obturation (9, 9.1) guidé dans la fente de guidage à parois parallèles (4) du bloc-culasse (5), le bloc d'obturation présentant une surface de glissement (10, 10.1) qui forme un angle oblique (α) par rapport à la fente de guidage à parois parallèles (4), sur lequel est monté un élément en forme de coin (12, 12.1) exécutant en direction de la garniture une course d'étanchéité (X₁) exclusivement dans l'axe (2) de l'âme du canon, et un moyen limiteur de course (15.1, 15.2, 15.3) sur le bloc-culasse (5) pour l'élément (12, 12.1) afin d'interrompre le mouvement simultané du bloc d'obturation (9, 9.1) et de l'élément (12.1) et permettre l'exécution de la course d'étanchéité (X₁) orientée en direction de l'axe de l'âme du canon, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de coin (12, 12.1) comprend, pour occuper une position intermédiaire (13) se trouvant à l'arrière de l'anneau de garniture (8) et avant l'exécution de la course d'étanchéité (X₁) un moyen (14) pour exécuter une course simultanée avec le bloc d'obturation (9, 9.1), qui est monté pour effectuer la course simultanée dans le bloc d'obturation (9, 9.1), et en ce que la surface frontale (17) qui est à l'opposé de la surface de glissement oblique (16) de l'élément en forme de coin (12) est constituée sous la forme d'une surface d'étanchéité placée perpendiculairement à l'axe (2) de l'âme du tube d'une garniture (8) pouvant être soumise à une précontrainte régulière et définie.
  2. Mécanisme de culasse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen (14) pour assurer la course simultanée est monté au-dessus de l'élément (12) dans le bloc d'obturation (9).
  3. Mécanisme de culasse selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le moyen (14) est constitué sous la forme d'un élément à ressort.
  4. Mécanisme de culasse selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen (14) est constitué sous la forme d'un ressort de pression à gaz.
  5. Mécanisme de culasse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen limiteur de course (15.1) est constitué par une butée de commande fixée au-dessus de la garniture (8) sur le bloc-culasse (5), la butée de commande (15.1) étant constituée sous forme d'une saillie face à l'élément en forme de coin (12), saillie qui présente une largeur (X) supérieure à la course d'étanchéité (X₁), et en ce qu'une autre butée de commande (15.2) est prévue au-dessous de la garniture (8) du bloc-culasse, qui présente une longueur de guidage correspondant à la course d'étanchéité maximale (X₁) de l'élément en forme de coin (12, 12.1).
  6. Mécanisme de culasse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que sont prévus en tant que moyens limiteurs de course (15.3) de l'élément en forme de coin (12, 12.1) au moins une came de commande (19) sur le bloc-culasse (5) et au moins une butée sur l'élément (12, 12.1), la came de commande (19) étant constituée de façon que l'élément en forme de coin (12, 12.1) exécute pour parvenir à la position intermédiaire (13) exclusivement une course radiale et soit mobile exclusivement dans l'axe (2) de l'âme du canon pour exécuter la course d'étanchéité.
  7. Mécanisme de culasse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la garniture (8) est un anneau d'étanchéité fortement élastique qui comprend pour son appui sur le côté interne de la chambre de mise à feu deux anneaux en chevauchement (22) en un matériau résistant à l'usure.
EP19890901962 1988-02-26 1988-11-22 Mecanisme d'obturation pour arme a canon Expired - Lifetime EP0357712B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3806123A DE3806123A1 (de) 1988-02-26 1988-02-26 Verschlussmechanismus fuer eine rohrwaffe
DE3806123 1988-02-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0357712A1 EP0357712A1 (fr) 1990-03-14
EP0357712B1 true EP0357712B1 (fr) 1992-12-23

Family

ID=6348265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890901962 Expired - Lifetime EP0357712B1 (fr) 1988-02-26 1988-11-22 Mecanisme d'obturation pour arme a canon

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5042361A (fr)
EP (1) EP0357712B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH061157B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3806123A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL8821091A (fr)
NO (1) NO893921D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989008232A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5317949A (en) * 1993-04-09 1994-06-07 Sugg Ronald E Firing mechanism for breech-loading weapons
US5589656A (en) * 1996-02-12 1996-12-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Split wedge/breechblock and sealing means for gun
DE102007003142B4 (de) * 2007-01-16 2014-09-25 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Sicherungseinrichtung zum Verhindern des unbeabsichtigten Verschließens eines in seiner geöffneten Position befindlichen Verschlusskeiles einer Rohrwaffe
KR101222462B1 (ko) * 2010-07-27 2013-01-15 국방과학연구소 폐쇄기 개폐 장치 및 이를 구비하는 화포
EP2610572B1 (fr) * 2011-12-27 2014-10-08 Agency For Defense Development Appareil d'ouverture et de fermeture de bloc de culasse et canon en disposant
US8549977B2 (en) 2011-12-27 2013-10-08 Agency For Defense Development Apparatus for opening and closing breech block and cannon having the same
US8826794B1 (en) 2013-03-08 2014-09-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Breech mechanism sliding contact assembly
RU2589805C1 (ru) * 2015-01-12 2016-07-10 Публичное акционерное общество специального машиностроения и металлургии "Мотовилихинские заводы" Затвор артиллерийского орудия

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR528484A (fr) * 1920-06-18 1921-11-12 Schneider & Cie Obturateur plastique pour culasses de bouches à feu
US1576962A (en) * 1924-02-13 1926-03-16 Bethlehem Steel Corp Obturator-operating mechanism for guns
NL255974A (fr) * 1959-09-26
NL255869A (fr) * 1959-09-26
US2998755A (en) * 1960-02-01 1961-09-05 Robert J Thierry Traversely swinging gun breech with obturating seal
US3434381A (en) * 1968-04-23 1969-03-25 Us Army Multiring seal for obturating the breech of large caliber guns
IL59041A (en) * 1979-01-31 1983-07-31 Secr Defence Brit Breech mechanisms
DE3247744A1 (de) * 1982-12-23 1984-06-28 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Geschuetzverschluss mit pilzkopfliderung
DE3322437A1 (de) * 1983-06-22 1985-01-03 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Verschluss fuer ein geschuetz
DE3404676A1 (de) * 1984-02-10 1985-08-14 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Ringliderung an geschuetzen
DE3520418A1 (de) 1985-06-07 1986-12-11 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Keilverschluss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO893921L (no) 1989-10-03
WO1989008232A1 (fr) 1989-09-08
DE3806123A1 (de) 1989-09-07
NO893921D0 (no) 1989-10-03
EP0357712A1 (fr) 1990-03-14
JPH02504067A (ja) 1990-11-22
US5042361A (en) 1991-08-27
NL8821091A (nl) 1990-01-02
DE3876992D1 (de) 1993-02-04
JPH061157B2 (ja) 1994-01-05

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