EP0345285A1 - Grille à gradins pivotants avec buses d'air. - Google Patents

Grille à gradins pivotants avec buses d'air.

Info

Publication number
EP0345285A1
EP0345285A1 EP88901824A EP88901824A EP0345285A1 EP 0345285 A1 EP0345285 A1 EP 0345285A1 EP 88901824 A EP88901824 A EP 88901824A EP 88901824 A EP88901824 A EP 88901824A EP 0345285 A1 EP0345285 A1 EP 0345285A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
arrangement according
nozzles
flat
grate arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88901824A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0345285B1 (fr
Inventor
Balduin Pauli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT88901824T priority Critical patent/ATE70121T1/de
Publication of EP0345285A1 publication Critical patent/EP0345285A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0345285B1 publication Critical patent/EP0345285B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/02—Grates with solid bars having provision for air supply or air preheating, e.g. air-supply or blast fittings which form a part of the grate structure or serve as supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grate arrangement, in particular for stepped pivoting grates, with feed device, optionally drying and ignition grate and at least one steep grate with an associated flat grate and a burnout grate connected downstream.
  • step swiveling gratings have proven very successful in practice. It is already known (P 28 33 255.0) to provide such step swiveling gratings, the individual steps of which consist of a flat and a steep grate, with air-cooled grate bars, the air being introduced, for example, centrally in the grate bar, via ducts below the grate bar top to both The sides are distributed and the air is discharged into an air distribution box under the flat and steep grate, from which it enters the combustion chamber via the slots between the grate bars along the flanks of the grate bars.
  • Pollutants such as NOx, CO, C total, and the accumulation of hydrocarbons CnHm can be minimized.
  • a grate arrangement of the type mentioned at the beginning by at least one vortex component stage in the stepped pivoting grate.
  • the vortex component stages are preferably designed such that at least some grate bars have blow-out openings for air. It is beneficial if high-speed jets are vertical
  • the measure according to the invention thus fully achieves the above-mentioned object, i.e. the combustion output increased considerably and 0 intensified the combustion process optimized and the combustion-dependent pollutants, such as NO, CO,
  • absorbents such as e.g. Lime, can be added, which can result in an inclusion of harmful substances.
  • the resulting fluidized bed additionally transports fuel or residue.
  • the residues are finally discharged via a known type of detoxification system.
  • the vortex nozzles are to be protected even better, the grate arrangement is to be kept even cleaner and the temperature resistance is to be increased as much as possible.
  • the grate bars of the flat grate arrangement will preferably carry a slag-repellent ceramic coating of high temperature resistance that embeds the vortex nozzles. This can also be done at least in the lower part of the steep gratings.
  • the ceramic coating expediently consists of slag-repellent silicon carbide, which can be stamped, for example.
  • the ceramic material itself has an additional holder through the swirl nozzles.
  • the arrangement of flat gratings with dividers and grids of this type is particularly suitable for special waste such as hospital or chemical waste, which is partly placed in containers with liquid content or becomes doughy or liquid in the burning phase.
  • the grate construction is absolutely tight down here.
  • the slag-repellent ceramic material which is suitable for very high thermal loads, has a high wear resistance and a long service life compared to the previously used heat-resistant Sicromaist steel.
  • the new combustion concept thus offers a real alternative for systems with smaller special waste throughputs of approx. 100 kg / t to a maximum of 2 t / h compared to the tried and tested rotary kilns.
  • the measure according to the invention ie targeted air flow and the combustion chamber adapted to the combustion process with the long dwell times for the flue gases in the high temperature range, make the firing-dependent pollutants such as CO, NO, total C, dust and traces of furans and dioxins optimal min
  • the ceramic aterial support can also be provided in the area of the vortex nozzles in the case of swivel gratings.
  • an extremely intensive combustion with high thermal stress for the grate material is provided in the areas of the grate bar where the vortex nozzles are arranged.
  • the ceramic material can also be built on.
  • the grate bars can also be delivered individually.
  • the invention surprisingly uses the favorable properties of silicon carbide (for example Ulimann Volume 21, page 431 to page 436).
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall representation of an embodiment according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a stage of the stepped pivoting grate according to FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 shows a detail of FIGS. 2 and 3;
  • FIG. 6 shows a multi-stage feed grate with vortex components.
  • FIG. 6 shows a feed grate element with special consideration of the interlacing zor.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a nozzle arrangement n with an air shut-off valve n
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a flat grate bar with special protection
  • Fig. 10 shows a cross section of this
  • Fig. 11 is a plan view of Fig. 9; Figures 12 to 14 an arrangement similar to Fig. 9 to
  • Fig. 15 schematically flat grate arrangements with allocators un
  • Fig. 16 details of a swivel grate stage.
  • a stepped swivel grate system with waste disposal 1 with a feed flap, allocation slide (not designated) and a swivel grate system, which consists, for example, of two stepped swivel grate steps 2 (each consisting of a steel grate and a flat grate) and (at the end of the grate) a further swivel grate step 2, there is a burning grate (not designated) and a detox 6.
  • So-called vortex components 3 two stages, in each of which a fluidized bed is generated, or stages in which at least swirling air is blown out) are switched into the stepped swivel grate system.
  • the firebox 4, arrangement and design of the burner 5 and the arrangement of air distribution boxes 7 are known per se.
  • air is blown out from below in a manner that swirls in an arbitrary manner.
  • a vortex zone that is to say a quasi-fluidized bed, is generated in a way that was previously completely unusual in the stepped pivoting grate area (probably also unusual in the stepped grate area).
  • This must be traversed by fuel, which in principle is moving downwards.
  • This fuel can be made from garbage, partially dried sewage sludge or
  • the garbage for example, from the garbage infeed 1 to the butterfly valves (not shown) can be used.
  • each grate bar is supplied with cooling air in the center from below, for example from an air distribution box (not shown), which can be provided inside or outside an air funnel 7 (FIG. 1).
  • air is passed over a cap welded onto the top of the grate bar, for example (likewise not shown).
  • the air supplied in the center emerges on the end face in the area of the pivot bearing for the grate bars on the one hand and in the area of the opposite grate bar end on the other hand.
  • each grate bar of the flat grate has three nozzles 8, which are provided approximately in the middle between the swivel grate bearing 9 and the grate bar end 10.
  • the nozzles are otherwise evenly distributed over the entire width of the grate bar.
  • three rows of such nozzles are provided and form the swirl zone. Due to the discharge of high-speed air from its own fans, the fuel is swirled and swirled: the lighter fuel fractions are to a certain extent subjected to abrasion and reduction and are in the
  • the nozzles are formed by a silicon tube 13, on which a metal hose 14 is seated as an air supply.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further detail.
  • Two grate bars lying next to one another each carry three nozzles 8, the nozzle diameter of which can be 2 to 10 mm depending on the air outlet speed.
  • the intermediate distances between the nozzles with 150 mm and the distance to the edge of the grate bar with 300 mm will be selected for a conventional stepped swivel grate.
  • Garbage for example hospital garbage
  • a slide piston 24 pushes periodically in front of the hospital garbage by opening a fire chamber flap 26.
  • the garbage falls or is pushed onto the grate 20 '.
  • Primary air 28 is supplied in the area under the grate 20.
  • Allotment 30 removes the garbage from the grate 2. The same takes place on the next stage through the allocator 32.
  • the burnout grate 20 ''' is otherwise designed in the usual way.
  • a power and heating burner 34 is at an angle with secondary air 36 ( both provided in the masonry 38)
  • the same reference numerals mean the same parts in both figures again formed as fluidization with three rows of nozzles 40 'of nozzles 8' and has proved 'to be expedient.
  • the invention is not limited to this. Since the hospital waste is partly pasty, liquid or mushy, special nozzle shapes are provided. It is a (FIGS. 7 and 8) nozzle shape, in which the air exits the tube 44 into a reduced piece of tube (nozzle) 46. The nozzle 46 is opened or closed by a plunger 48. The pestle is part of a rake.
  • All nozzles in a row or part of the nozzles in a row can be opened or closed by means of the respective tappet 48 using this rake.
  • the closed state is shown in Fig. 8.
  • the plunger is a fire-resistant plunger, generally made of a solid material. Since the multi-stage feed grate is equipped with fixed and cooled grate bars (not shown separately) for burning hospital waste and other special waste, which comprises pasty and sticky substances, the additional air outlet nozzles 8 'are therefore provided. These outlet nozzles represent vortex components which can also be closed with the aid of devices of a different design so that liquid, pasty or sticky substances cannot get into the nozzles during start-up and shutdown as well as during operation of the system.
  • Fig. 7/8 explains the possibility of cleaning the nozzles of residues by retracting the tappet (nozzle blocked).
  • Each rake with tappets spaced between the nozzles carries 8 to 15 nozzles.
  • one or two nozzle rakes can also be closed, as a result of which the air time allocation and thus the combustion process are controlled.
  • the penetrations of the computer system from the supply air system are hermetically sealed.
  • the arrangement and design of the closure system in the area of the supply air system for the nozzles is shown in FIGS. 7/8.
  • the nozzles are cleaned, for example, by advancing the feeder 30 and thus cleaning the nozzle orifices or nozzle heads. After the feeder has been withdrawn, the doughy remaining residue is burned more quickly.
  • FIG. 9 shows a grate bar with ceramic material support 51 in which the swirl nozzles 54 are embedded.
  • the ceramic pad consists (in Figures 9 to 16) of slag-repellent material with high temperature resistance. It is applied to a steel carrier 52, which at the same time has the function of an air supply duct with the air supply pipes 53 required for this.
  • the grate bar rests on supports 55 in a manner known per se.
  • a lateral holder is provided for the additional holding of the ceramic material applied to the steel supports 52.
  • This can also consist of sicromal steel. As can be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14, this holder engages around the stiffened
  • the ceramic material support is thus held in this embodiment once by the air-supplying steel support 52, once by the nozzles 54 and then by the side brackets 56.
  • the grate bar itself lies on the support beams 55 and is airtight at the bottom.
  • Fig. 15 shows an arrangement of two flat gratings with known distributors 57 and the grate bars 58.
  • This flat grate arrangement in the form of a staircase with distributors is particularly suitable for special waste such as e.g. Clinical and chemical waste, some of which are placed in containers with liquid contents or become doughy or liquid in the burning phase. Since the grate construction is absolutely tight at the bottom and therefore no liquids can drip through the grate, the design for hazardous waste is convincing.
  • the masonry and the burnout grate 60 are only indicated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

Un agencement à grilles, en particulier pour grilles pivotantes en gradins, comprend un dispositif d'alimentation, le cas échéant des grilles de séchage et d'allumage ainsi qu'au moins une grille verticale avec sa grille horizontale correspondante, et une grille d'incinération terminale. La grille pivotante à gradins comprend au moins un étage à composants tourbillonnaires (3).
EP88901824A 1987-02-18 1988-02-16 Grille à gradins pivotants avec buses d'air Expired - Lifetime EP0345285B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88901824T ATE70121T1 (de) 1987-02-18 1988-02-16 Stufenschwenkrostanordnung mit luftduesen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3705164 1987-02-18
DE3705164 1987-02-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345285A1 true EP0345285A1 (fr) 1989-12-13
EP0345285B1 EP0345285B1 (fr) 1991-12-04

Family

ID=6321259

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88901824A Expired - Lifetime EP0345285B1 (fr) 1987-02-18 1988-02-16 Grille à gradins pivotants avec buses d'air

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5033396A (fr)
EP (1) EP0345285B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE70121T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3866699D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1988006256A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9038550B2 (en) 2009-04-08 2015-05-26 Baumgarte Boiler Systems Gmbh Grate bar for an incinerator and method for producing such a grate bar

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8815791U1 (de) * 1988-12-20 1989-03-23 Pauli, Balduin, Dr., 8035 Gauting Zuteiler
IT1228302B (it) * 1989-02-08 1991-06-07 Livio Crippa Barrotto in ghisa con elemento di protezione in materiale ceramico od equivalente materiale di elevata resistenza al calore e all'usura.
DE3937866A1 (de) * 1989-03-06 1990-09-13 Pauli Balduin Rostanordnung und verfahren zum verbrennen von muell und abfall
DE4236073A1 (de) * 1992-10-26 1994-04-28 Waermetechnik Dr Pauli Gmbh Ausbrenneinrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Ausbrennen von Brennstoffen
CH684118A5 (de) * 1993-04-20 1994-07-15 Doikos Investments Ltd Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Kehricht auf einem Verbrennungsrost sowie Verbrennungsrost zur Ausübung des Verfahrens und Rostplatte für einen solchen Verbrennungsrost.
DE19857416A1 (de) * 1998-12-12 2000-06-15 Asea Brown Boveri Hochtemperaturbeständiger Roststab
KR20020001042A (ko) * 2000-06-23 2002-01-09 박호군 소각로용 계단식 축진동 화격자장치
US6981455B2 (en) * 2002-03-08 2006-01-03 Lefcort Malcolm D Two-stage wet waste gasifier and burner
US8256361B2 (en) * 2006-03-17 2012-09-04 Doikos Investments Ltd. Liquid-cooled grill comprising wear plates
CN101210681B (zh) * 2006-12-30 2010-05-19 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种用于层状解耦燃烧炉的往复摆动式机械炉排
DE202013009741U1 (de) * 2013-12-02 2015-03-03 Wvt Breiding Gmbh Rostelement mit eingegossenem Keramikeinsatz sowie Vorschubrost
CN104197318B (zh) * 2014-09-19 2017-03-22 四川能节环保科技有限公司 洁净煤绿色低氮燃烧高效节能减碳炉
EP3168534B1 (fr) * 2015-11-13 2019-04-17 Seko-Patent GmbH Barreau de grille et grille et installation de combustion
CN109882866A (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-14 中机眉山再生能源有限公司 一种再生资源焚烧发电方法
EP4027091A1 (fr) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-13 Babcock & Wilcox Vølund A/S Élément de grille à plaques pour une grille mobile d'un four
EP4303492A1 (fr) 2022-07-07 2024-01-10 Babcock & Wilcox Vølund A/S Élément de grille à plaques pour une grille mobile d'un four

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FR520124A (fr) * 1919-03-20 1921-06-21 Josef Martin Procédé et dispositif pour l'utilisation de matières à bruler de tout genre, particulièrement de telles matières qui sont difficilement inflammables ou scorifiées ou fortement scorifiantes
US2137158A (en) * 1937-12-01 1938-11-15 Fuller Co Clinker cooling
DE916448C (de) * 1949-05-24 1954-08-09 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Vorschubtreppenrost
FR1103946A (fr) * 1954-07-09 1955-11-08 Polysius Gmbh Dispositif pour le refroidissement de matière frittée dans un four tubulaire rotatif ou un four analogue
FR1267600A (fr) * 1960-09-16 1961-07-21 Dispositif pour le réglage automatique du débit d'air à l'intérieur d'un foyer
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DE2833255A1 (de) * 1978-07-28 1980-02-07 Pauli Gmbh Waermetechnik Luftgekuehlter roststab
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FR2574160A1 (fr) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-06 Electricite De France Grille de foyer realisee a partir d'elements permettant un controle ameliore de l'apport en air primaire
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9038550B2 (en) 2009-04-08 2015-05-26 Baumgarte Boiler Systems Gmbh Grate bar for an incinerator and method for producing such a grate bar

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3804815A1 (de) 1988-09-01
WO1988006256A1 (fr) 1988-08-25
US5033396A (en) 1991-07-23
DE3866699D1 (de) 1992-01-16
ATE70121T1 (de) 1991-12-15
EP0345285B1 (fr) 1991-12-04

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