Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
  • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
  • B63C11/18—Air supply
  • B63C11/20—Air supply from water surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
  • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
  • B63C11/18—Air supply
  • B63C11/20—Air supply from water surface
  • B63C11/205—Air supply from water surface with air supply by suction from diver, e.g. snorkels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
  • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
  • B63C11/18—Air supply
  • B63C11/20—Air supply from water surface
  • B63C11/205—Air supply from water surface with air supply by suction from diver, e.g. snorkels
  • B63C11/207—Air supply from water surface with air supply by suction from diver, e.g. snorkels with hoses connected to a float

Definitions

• the invention relates to a diving device with an air supply line which is connected on the one hand to the atmosphere above the water level and on the other hand to the mouth of the device user.
• 15 is in particular the short diving time of about one minute by holding the breathing air.
• L Diving at depths of more than 10 meters creates a number of physiological dangers, such as caisson disease, deep intoxication and oxygen poisoning.
• the 10-meter range is therefore particularly important for recreational diving
• the invention is therefore based on the object of a simply constructed, flexible and easy to transport ⁇ . 0, to create a scuba device that can be used at depths of up to 10 meters and does not limit the diving time.
• This object is essentially achieved in that an air pump that can be operated by muscle power is provided for supplying air from the atmosphere through the air supply line to the mouth of the device user, that an actuating device connected to the air pump for actuating the air pump with one or more the link
• an air outlet which can be closed by means of an exhalation valve, is provided for the exhaled air, which is located behind the air pump as seen in the direction of flow of the air supplied by the air pump.
• the air pump can be fastened to the body of the device user by means of carrying straps or the like and is actuated by traction means such as belts or the like, which are connected in a suitable manner to the 2 legs of the device user.
• the device according to the invention is thus in principle a muscle-powered pump with which the diver himself, coupled with swimming movements, brings air through a hose to underwater and puts it under the pressure necessary for breathing.
• the upper end of the hose leading upwards into the atmosphere is attached to a floating body such as, in particular, an inflatable buoy, which is preferably designed as a diving signal buoy and holds the hose end above the water surface.
• the air pump comprises a rigid outer body, the closed top of which is connected to the air lines leading on the one hand to the water surface and on the other hand leading to the mouth of the device user, and the open underside of which is closed by means of a flexible, bellows-like or sack-like part , which is pressed into the interior of the outer body at an external overpressure while reducing the pump volume and is dimensioned such that it can essentially completely fill the interior of the outer body, the actuating device acting on this flexible part.
• the air pump can be designed as a bellows which is dimensionally stable in cross section, the upper side of which is connected to the air lines and the lower side engages the actuating device.
• the air pump can expediently also comprise a cylinder and a piston guided in the cylinder, the closed upper side of the cylinder being connected to the air lines, the lower side of the cylinder being open and the actuating device engaging the piston.
• the bellows at the end of which two straps are attached, which carry foot stirrups at their ends, are subjected to the pressure of the water L.
• the rigid outer body is pushed in and sets the air under the respective ambient pressure.
• the air can be inhaled through the inhalation tube that opens at the closed end of the rigid outer body
• a valve at the inlet of the outlet hose prevents the air from flowing back to the water surface.
• the inhaled air is breathed back into the inhalation tube, with another valve preventing the exhaled air from flowing back into the pump volume.
• the exhaled air finally reaches water through Qeat an exhalation valve.
• the air pump is preferably carried in front of the chest, which has the advantage that the pump volume is lower than the lung center when the diver is in an upright, horizontal or slightly head-down swimming position, which means that the pump volume is less than the lung volume
• the breath corresponds Movement cycle, the diving device according to the invention gc that of breast swimming.
• the movement rhythm of the legs required to operate the diving device is therefore easy to learn, especially for breast swimmers.
• the diving device according to the invention is usually applied on land. After getting into the stirrups, the diver can move freely without any noticeable disability, walk normally and jump into the water or get on with his legs first.
• ballast taring With correct ballast taring, one can bring about or support the sinking and rising by cleverly coordinating the pumping and breathing activity after the buoyancy of the diving device from. depends on the amount of air in the pump volume. Therefore, if the legs are not fully extended so that the pump volume does not fill completely with air, the diver sinks down. If, on the other hand, the legs are fully extended and the pump volume is thus completely filled with fresh air, the lift of the air pump increases and the diver increases.
• the maximum pump volume of the pump is adjusted to a maximum immersion depth of about 10 meters in such a way that in one breathing cycle the fresh air present in the pump volume is fully consumed, so that the pump volume of the air pump is preferably around 6 liters, the greater the depth, the above loses Described method for influencing the sinking or rising in importance, after the entire stroke range of the air pump is required in these greater depths in order to suck in sufficient air.
• the length of the foot carrying the foot straps is provided straps particularly adjustable via a quick release fastener 1 is. In this way, depending on whether the diver wants to remain at the same depth or wants to rise or fall, the length of the belt can be individually adjusted so that he can
• the outlet side of the air pump is connected via a check valve to an additional flexible air reservoir, which in turn is connected to the mouth of the device user via a hose.
• This air storage container can preferably be attached to the body of the device user, for example by means of belts or the like. Due to its buffering action, such an air storage container creates an independence between the leg movements of the diver and his breathing activity, whereby the use of the device according to the invention can be further simplified.
• Such an additional air storage container can be advantageous, in particular, at lower diving depths 5, at which the additional buoyancy of the air storage container does not yet have as great an effect.
• the air pump can be operated due to the diver's leg movements.
• the air pump is actuated by the diver's arms.
• the belt or rope connected to the movable part of the air pump is connected at its end to a suitable handle, in the simplest case in particular a rod, which can be gripped by hand on both sides. So while in the case of foot control 1 diver's hands are free to either carry out swimming movements or to photograph, collect or the like, the diver's feet are free when the device is operated by the arm, in particular
• the operating means for operating the air pump both at least one foot loop or DER same Q as well as additionally at least comprises a handle auf ⁇ .
• the air pump can then be operated either by hand or by moving the leg as required.
• the leg movement can be supported by additional, synchronous arm movement, if necessary, especially at greater depths.
• the air pump is fastened to the body of the diver
• the Q air pump is fastened to a floating body such as, for example, a diving buoy and via a hose, in particular with the interposition of an additional air reservoir connected to the diver’s mouth.
• the air pump is preferably formed by a cylindrical body which is closed on all sides, in which a piston which divides the cylindrical body into an upper and a lower chamber volume is displaceably mounted in the axial direction, the upper chamber volume O being connected to the atmosphere via a check valve Air line is connected, the lower chamber volume is connected via a check valve to the air line leading to the mouth of the device user, the piston has an opening closed by means of a check valve, 5 which connects the upper and lower chamber volumes to each other, a spring arrangement is provided which Biasing the piston towards the upper chamber volume, and wherein the actuating device acts on the piston and counteracts the force of the spring arrangement.
• the actuating device can expediently be formed by a Bowden cable.
• the diving device according to the invention is extremely compact and fits, for example, in a medium-sized sports bag.
• the outer, rigid, container-shaped body of the pump can be used as a container for accessories such as a mask, camera, knife, etc. when the bellows is turned inside out.
• the diving device according to the invention can also be used as a boat or yacht accessory, for example to carry out repairs or cleaning on underwater ships (e.g. changing propellers) or to look for lost objects in shallow harbor basins. Possible areas of application are wherever underwater activities in shallower water are occasionally necessary, but the purchase and maintenance of a compressed air device are not worthwhile. Furthermore, the diving device according to the invention could be interesting as a supplementary device for compressed air divers in order to save compressed air under certain conditions.
• the diving device according to the invention can be manufactured extremely inexpensively, so that it can be offered, for example, for a fraction of the price of a conventional compressed air basic equipment.
• Diving device is an extremely simple and reliable working diving device, which can be used at depths of up to about 10 meters.
• the invention 1 diving device can be used very flexibly regardless of filling stations and diving bases and does not limit the diving time. Because of its compact size and light weight, it can also be walked with
• the diving device according to the invention is technically undemanding, requires hardly any maintenance and care and is extremely inexpensive in terms of its possible uses.
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a diving device according to the invention in operation, in front view and side view,
• FIG. 2 the diving device according to FIG. 1 in a partially sectioned side view
• FIG. 2 shows the detail A according to FIG. 2,
• FIG. 4 shows the upper area of the pump of the diving device according to FIG. 2,
• FIG. 5 shows a section through an alternative embodiment of a pump of a diving device according to the invention
• FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a diving device according to the invention in operation, in side view and in front view,
• FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a diving device according to the invention in operation, in side view and in front view
• 8 shows a further embodiment of a diving device according to the invention in operation, with a pump located above the water surface, in a side view and in a view from the rear
• FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a diving device according to the invention in operation, in a side view and in a view from the rear,
• FIG. 10 shows a further embodiment of a hand-operated diving device according to the invention in operation, in side view and in front view,
• FIG. 11 is a front view of another embodiment
• FIG. 12 is a plan view of the handle of the diving device shown in FIG. 11,
• FIG. 13 is a side view of the handle of FIG. 11,
• FIG. 14 shows two side views of the diving device according to FIG. 25 11, with the user bent and extended,
• FIG. 15 shows a further embodiment of the valve unit of a diving device according to the invention.
• the diving device includes one with the reference number
• the flexible pressure hose 14 is on the one hand with the pump 10 and on the other hand with the air above the water level in connection.
• the upper end of the hose 14 is held in an inflatable buoy 20, which is designed in particular as a diving signal buoy in order to warn approaching boats and to mark the diving site.
• the buoy 20 can
• the diving device is buoyant when the bellows is pulled out and fixed.
• the length of the hose 14 limits the maximum diving depth. Markings on the hose can serve as a simple depth gauge.
• the hose 14 can also be used as a signal line, as a "buddyline" (coupling the buoys of two divers together, possibly with a cloudy view
• the hose 16 leads from the pump 10 to a mouthpiece 18 which the diver holds in the mouth when using the diving device. a ⁇
• Detachable hose connections 22, 24 are also provided near the buoy 20 and near the pump 10, in order to enable the hose section located therebetween to be exchanged in accordance with the hose length required in each case.
• the check valve 44 formed by the arrangement described above is thus regularly closed, but opens as soon as the pressure in the hose 14 exceeds the pressure in the pump volume 46 of the pump 10 by a certain amount.
• the end of the hose 16 opposite the mouthpiece 18_ is pushed onto a connecting piece 48 which is formed on a screw ring 50.
• the screw ring 50 is
• T has two opposing ring surfaces 58, 60 which extend in the radial direction.
• the compression spring 64 supports
• the check valve 66 formed in the arrangement is thus regularly closed, but opens as soon as the pressure prevailing in the pump volume 46 exceeds the pressure in the hose 16 by a certain amount.
• the intermediate piece 52 further defines on its outer side an annular surface opposite the annular surface 60, several through bores 68 connecting the chamber 56 to the external environment.
• a sealing ring 70 is in contact with this outer ring surface and thereby closes the bores 68.
• the sealing ring 70 is under a certain pressure by means of a compression spring 72, which is stretched between the outer surface of the sealing ring 70 and the opposite wall of the pump housing 30 g Pressure biased to its sealing position.
• a compression spring 72 which is stretched between the outer surface of the sealing ring 70 and the opposite wall of the pump housing 30 g Pressure biased to its sealing position.
• exhalation valve 74 is implemented in a somewhat different way in the case of the illustration according to FIG. 1. There is a branch in the hose 16, which can be closed by means of an exhalation valve 74 designed as a check valve.
• Two shoulder straps 77, 78 are fastened to the pump housing 30 and are designed such that the pump 10 is worn on the chest by the diver. If necessary, 30; in addition, a waist belt, not shown, can be used.
• the open edge of a bag-like bellows 76 is attached to the lower edge of the pump housing 30 of the pump 10.
• the bag-like Bald 76 can be made of a suitable rubber material or, for example, reinforced with a fabric consist of a rubberized fabric, the material must be airtight, waterproof, flexible and sufficiently strong.
• the size and dimension of the bag-like bellows 76 corresponds essentially to the size of the pump housing 30. In particular, from FIG.
• the bag-like bellows 76 is attached to the lower edge of the pump housing 30 by the lower one Edge 79 around the lower edge 80 of the pump housing 30 is turned outwards and a clamping ring 82 on the lower edge 80 of the pump; housing 30 is pushed on from below in such a way that the bellows 76 is securely clamped between the clamping ring 82 and the pump housing 30.
• a 5 buckle 84 in particular adjustable in length, is fastened, on which a belt 86 is carried.
• the belt 86 is shaped at its two end regions via straps 88 to form foot straps 90 and is length-adjustable in each case via the buckles 92.
• the length of the belt arrangement is adjusted so that the bag-like bellows 76 is practically completely pulled out of the pump housing 30 when the diver is standing upright.
• the belt arrangement is long enough to be able to adjust it so that the bellows 76 is only partially pulled out of the pump housing 30 when the diver is standing upright.
• a quick-release fastener of a known type which is not shown in more detail, can be provided, which enables a quick and reliable change in the belt length with a handle.
• the bag-like is due to the water pressure
• the diver pulls the legs fully, so that the bellows 76 abuts the inner wall of the pump housing 30 and all the water that has penetrated through the check valve 74 into the breathing tube 16. From here, the water can be blown out again in the manner described above
• the pump housing can be made from any suitable material, but preferably from plastic.
• the required lead ballast can be attached at a suitable point on the pump housing.
• the lead ballast can be replaced by rigid or flexible containers, which can be attached to the pump housing on both sides and can be filled on site with suitable ballast such as stones, gravel, pebbles, sand or the like. s ⁇
• FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the pump 10.
• a piston 94 is displaceably mounted in the axial direction, for example with a seal 96 35, which is on the inside of the pump housing 30 fits tightly.
• One with the foot straps or foot strap 90 connected pull rope 98 is at the bottom
• the pump 10 of a dimensionally stable in the cross-section folds bellows 102 which is closed on all sides and having at its upper end connections for the hoses 14 and 16, the O. serve. 4 according to FIG.
• the lower ends of the shoulder straps 77, 78 are each provided with a thigh strap 103, 105 and accordingly are not fastened to the pump 10.
• the QC pump 10 comprises a cylindrical housing 30 which is closed on all sides and which is connected at its upper end to the hose 14 via a non-illustrated check valve and which at its lower end via a further check valve a hose 106 is connected, 5 which opens into a tubular air reservoir 108.
• the breathing tube 16 branches off from the tubular air reservoir 108 via a check valve *.
• the air reservoir 108 is placed over the shoulders and neck of the diver and the two ends of a belt 110 passed under the diver's armpits over the back are connected to the ends of the tubular air reservoir 108.
• the pump 10 is carried on the back by the diver, suitable shoulder straps being provided, which are attached to the
• an axially movable piston 102 is arranged, which divides the space enclosed by the pump housing 30 into an upper chamber 114 and a lower chamber 116.
• a check valve 118 is formed in the piston 5 IQ2, which opens as soon as the pressure in the upper chamber 114 exceeds the pressure in the lower chamber 116 by a certain amount.
• a compression spring 120 is disposed in the lower chamber 116 and tends to push the piston 112 upward to CT.
• a pull cable 122 is attached at one end to the lower edge region of the lower chamber 116 and is guided over a deflection roller 124 which is attached centrally to the underside of the piston 112.
• a flexible pipe socket 126 is fastened, which extends approximately to below the buttocks of the diver.
• the pulling cable 122 coming from the deflection roller 124 is guided in this pipe socket 126 and a sealing device (not shown in more detail) is provided in the pipe socket 126 in order to seal the pipe socket and thus the lower chamber 116 from the external environment.
• the end of the pull rope 122 is in turn connected to the two foot brackets 90.
• the pump 10 5 is held above the water surface by means of an inflatable float 128.
• the structure of the pump 10 shown in FIG. 8 corresponds to the structure of the pump shown in FIG. 7.
• the pump 10 is actuated via a Bowden cable 130.
• the hose 106 connects the outlet of the pump 10 to the air reservoir 108.
• the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 7 and 8 therefore differ essentially only in that the pump in the case 8 is arranged above the water surface, while in the case of FIG. 7 it is carried by the diver.
• the vu- ⁇ r Diver carried on the back as a rotary pump 132.
• the pulling rope 134 actuating the rotary pump 132 being guided over deflection pulleys 136 arranged on the foot straps 90 and fixed at its end to the attachment point 138 on the front of the chest belt 140.
• deflection pulleys 136 arranged on the foot straps 90 and fixed at its end to the attachment point 138 on the front of the chest belt 140.
• FIG. 10 shows an exemplary embodiment of a diving device according to the invention which, in contrast to the above-described embodiments, can be operated by hand.
• the structure of the device corresponds essentially
• a short, length-adjustable belt 142 is provided, on the lower end of which a gripping bar 144 is attached in the center.
• the length of the belt 42 is preferably set such that that at complete
• the height of the pump housing can be 23 cm and the maximum stroke can be approximately 50 cm.
• FIG. 11 shows a diving device similar to FIG. 1, but this is additionally equipped with a gripping rod similar to FIG. 10.
• the gripping bar 146 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 in top view and side view is a steel tube with a centrally mounted roller 148, which is a
• 35 housing part 150 of the gripping bar 146 partially surrounds such that a rope 152 led around the roller 148 is not of the Roll 148 can slide down. 14, this rope 152 is fastened at one end to the upper attachment point 154 of the foot strap arrangement 86 and at the other end to an attachment point 156 at the lower edge of the pump housing 30.
• the length of the rope 152 corresponds approximately the length of the pump housing 30.
• the handle bar 146 can be gripped by the user and operated by hand to support the movement of the foot. Alternatively, the pump can only be operated by hand.
• the rope 152 together with the handle bar 146 can be releasably attached to the attachment point 154, for example, can be latched in, and means can be provided on the pump housing 30 in order to attach the handle bar 146 to it when not in use.
• 11 and 14 also show belt buckles 158 for quickly adjusting the length of the belt arrangement 86 in order to adapt it to the size of the respective user and to the desired or required buoyancy.
• FIG. 15 shows a preferred valve arrangement as an alternative to the valve arrangement shown in FIG. 4.
• the valve housing 160 comprises two coaxial, opposite hose sockets 162, 164, onto which the hoses 14 and 16 can be pushed.
• a chamber 166 is defined between the two hose connections 162, 164, from which a pipe connection 168 branches off at right angles to the axis of the hose connection 162, 164.
• the pipe connection 168 is attached to one on the top of the pump housing 30 upwards protruding screw socket 172 can be attached.
• the chamber 166 connecting the hose connectors 162 and 164 is cylindrical and coaxial with the hose connector and has a larger diameter than the hose connector. This creates a radial annular surface 174 on the end of the hose connector 162 facing the chamber 5 166, which serves as a sealing surface and interacts with a disk-shaped valve 176 which is pressed into the sealing position by means of a compression spring 178.
• the spring 178 is supported on the one hand on the valve 176 and 0; on the other hand on a flange 18 formed in the housing.
• Another ring flange 182 formed in the valve housing 160 defines on its side j -g facing the hose 16 an annular surface 184 which serves as a sealing surface for a disk-shaped valve 186 which is held in the sealing position by means of a compression spring 188.
• the compression spring 188 is supported on the one hand on the valve 186 and on the other hand on the end of the hose connector 164 at the housing end.
• a plurality of through bores 192 are formed in the annular surface 190, which connect the inside of the valve housing 160 to the outside.
• a sealing ring 194 is arranged coaxially 5 with the hose connector 164 and bears against the bores 192 from the outside.
• a compression spring 196 is pushed onto the hose connector 164 and is supported on the one hand on the sealing ring 174 and on the other hand on a spaced-apart, against the end of the hose 16.
• the valve 176 is coaxial with the valve housing 160
• an inwardly extending shaft 200 is formed, which has an axial blind bore 202 in which the shaft 204 of a further valve body 206 is guided.
• the stem 204 of the valve body 206 extends through a central bore in the valve 108.
• the conical sealing surface of the valve body 106 which opens in the direction of the hose connector 164 interacts with a correspondingly shaped sealing surface of the valve 186.
• the length of the stem 204 of the valve body 206 is designed such that when the valve 176 is closed and the valve 186 is closed, the valve body 206 lies sealingly against the valve 186.
• valve body 106 is simultaneously lifted out of its sealing position and exhaled air can flow through the central bore 208 in the valve 186 into the pump volume 46, as a result of which fresh air is drawn in through the hose 14 is supported in the pump volume 46.

Landscapes

• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
• Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
• Telephone Function (AREA)
• Liquid Deposition Of Substances Of Which Semiconductor Devices Are Composed (AREA)
• Check Valves (AREA)
• Agricultural Machines (AREA)
• Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
• Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Massaging Devices (AREA)
• Polarising Elements (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

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• 1987
  • 1987-06-29 DE DE19873721429 patent/DE3721429A1/de active Granted
• 1988
  • 1988-06-22 AT AT88109958T patent/ATE80101T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1988-06-22 EP EP88109958A patent/EP0297416B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-06-22 EP EP88905377A patent/EP0333777A1/de active Pending
  • 1988-06-22 JP JP63505066A patent/JPH01503696A/ja active Pending
  • 1988-06-22 WO PCT/EP1988/000552 patent/WO1989000128A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1988-06-22 DE DE8888109958T patent/DE3874238D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-06-22 ES ES198888109958T patent/ES2013579T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-06-22 AU AU19544/88A patent/AU633804B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1988-06-22 FI FI890947A patent/FI890947L/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1989
  • 1989-02-28 DK DK096789A patent/DK96789A/da unknown
• 1990
  • 1990-12-14 US US07/629,064 patent/US5092327A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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