EP0296099B1 - Procédé de pressage quasi-isostatique de charges explosives formées avec précision, ainsi que dispositif de fabrication de ces charges - Google Patents

Procédé de pressage quasi-isostatique de charges explosives formées avec précision, ainsi que dispositif de fabrication de ces charges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0296099B1
EP0296099B1 EP88810236A EP88810236A EP0296099B1 EP 0296099 B1 EP0296099 B1 EP 0296099B1 EP 88810236 A EP88810236 A EP 88810236A EP 88810236 A EP88810236 A EP 88810236A EP 0296099 B1 EP0296099 B1 EP 0296099B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
explosive
pressure chamber
mould
outer mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88810236A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0296099A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Kaeser
Jürg Meister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
Original Assignee
Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
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Application filed by Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft filed Critical Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
Priority to AT88810236T priority Critical patent/ATE70041T1/de
Publication of EP0296099A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296099A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296099B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296099B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0041—Shaping the mixture by compression
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for quasi-isostatic pressing of high-performance explosive devices of high dimensional accuracy and high homogeneity, the inside or outside shape being predetermined by a dimensionally stable body of high surface quality and being at least partially rotationally symmetrical and having a finite slope relative to the axis of rotation. Furthermore, an apparatus and the application of the method are the subject of the invention.
  • Isostatic pressing is mainly used in metallurgy. Usually, metallic press molds are provided, which are pressurized with pressure oil or silicone grease via more or less complicated supply lines and tools. Isostatic hot and cold pressing are known. In the field of the manufacture of explosive devices, cold isostatic pressing was carried out. This was primarily used for the prefabrication and manufacture of precision primers for special weapon systems.
  • a pressure vessel is present in which an isostatic pressure is generated.
  • a sleeve made of an elastic material which has a constant wall thickness, is cylindrical or barrel-shaped and contains a metallic core, in particular a rod, and a pin or plug for closing the elastic sleeve.
  • This known method is used in particular for the production of pressed bodies from powder for explosive charges and ammunition.
  • This device and method are suitable for the production of essentially cylindrical bodies. However, there is no indication of how, for example, shaped charge explosive bodies could be made to measure. The use of appropriate dimensionally stable inner and outer forms is not described and is not suggested.
  • the explosive charge to be designed in such a way that, in the critical area, the inner or outer shape acting as an anvil has no surfaces that are perpendicular or almost perpendicular to the axis of rotational symmetry.
  • the pressures of 1000 to 5000 bar specified in claim 3 have proven to be advantageous for generating high-performance explosive charges.
  • the pressure must increase continuously so that there are no unacceptable friction inside the explosive body, with the risk of detonation. Pressure increases of 800 to 1200 bar per minute have proven successful, with the average value of 1000 bar in relation to the performance of the process being regarded as optimal.
  • the pressure relief should also not be abrupt.
  • the device according to claim 7 is particularly economical and can be implemented without special tool construction knowledge.
  • the device advantageously uses an elastic nozzle for filling the powdered explosive and for disconnecting the vacuum.
  • Fig. 1 denotes the inner and partial outer shape for producing an explosive body 2 which is characteristic of the subject matter of the invention.
  • the individual components of the mold 1, the parts 1a, 1b and 1d are rotationally symmetrical about the axis A and held together by a screw connection 1f.
  • the explosive 2 is limited by an elastic cover 3 made of synthetic rubber (neoprene).
  • This sleeve 3 is self-sealing on the largest edge areas 1 ', with the two largest diameters, and encloses the end faces of the inner / outer shape 1.
  • a loading opening 5 is through a conical Closure 4, like the entire mold 6, is subjected to the pressure p prevailing in a pressure chamber 7.
  • the pressure chamber 7 consists essentially of a pressure tube 8, a rotary cylinder made of high-strength material, made of stainless steel, which is closed on its lower end face 9.
  • a threaded cover 10 is screwed with its external thread 13 into an internal thread 14 of the pressure tube 8.
  • the interior of the pressure chamber 7 is thus closed in a liquid-tight and pressure-tight manner via a sealing flange 12.
  • a lever handle 11 on the threaded cover 10 is used for simple manipulation.
  • a feed line 15 is tightly inserted, via which water is supplied as the pressure medium.
  • a drain 16 is also used centrally, which allows the liquid to be pumped out.
  • the entire arrangement is enclosed in its parts under pressure by an oversized protective tube 17.
  • An explosive body 2 is produced in the following way:
  • the inner / outer mold 1 is manufactured in a manner known per se, according to the inner and frontal form of the explosive charge to be achieved, from high-strength material, a stainless steel with a lapped and polished surface.
  • the cover 3 is now placed over this inside / outside shape.
  • the usual powdery explosive 2 is then poured in through the loading opening 5 (bore) provided on the face side in the inner / outer mold 1 and somewhat pre-compressed by shaking.
  • the press mold 6 thus formed is now placed in a commercially available vacuum chamber and exposed to a vacuum of a few mbar for a few minutes.
  • the explosive is degassed and, on the other hand, the cavities within the mold 6 are evacuated.
  • the conical pin 4 is inserted into the loading opening 4 and then in the vacuum chamber Atmospheric pressure admitted and the loaded mold 6 removed.
  • the mold 6 is then placed in the interior of the pressure chamber 7, which is partially filled with water.
  • the threaded cover 10 is now screwed tightly into the pressure tube 8 by means of the lever handle 11 and a pressure line originating from a commercially available multi-stage high-pressure pump is placed on the feed line 15 and screwed.
  • the interior of the pressure chamber 7 is first completely filled with water and then continuously pressurized up to the pressure p, the pressure rise being approximately 1000 bar per minute and the pressure p reaching a maximum value of 3000 bar.
  • the pressure is returned to normal pressure in less than 100 seconds via an arrangement known per se consisting of a drain valve and bypass line.
  • the explosive body 2 is thus completely pressed, it can be removed in a simple manner from the mold 6, the screw connection 1f shown in FIG. 1 being loosened in the thread 1e and the components of the inner / outer mold 1, the parts 1a (core), 1d, 1b, also released and pushed apart or divided.
  • the exposed explosive body 2 can now be fed to a conventional mechanical post-processing in its outer shape. -
  • the inner shape and the two end faces are accurate to size and shape and do not require any further processing, but may be accessible for reworking.
  • the further mold 6, Fig. 2 in turn, has an inner shape 1b, 1b ', but with two symmetrical pins 1c. Furthermore, there are two outer shapes, a conical outer shape 1d and a cylindrical outer shape 1d 'provided. If a precisely defined amount of explosive 2 is poured into this press mold via the filler and evacuation nozzle 18, this results in a dimensionally accurate molded body since the pressurization p acts radially on the sleeve 3 made of elastomer to produce the isostatic effect. An upper and a lower screw clamp 19, a commercially available hose clamp, are used to fix the casing 3 and to seal.
  • the filler and evacuation nozzle which is also filled with elastomer, is glued to the shell 3 in one piece. After evacuation - as in the first example - the filler and evacuation nozzle is clamped vacuum-tight by a clamp. Commercially available clamps have also proven themselves for this.
  • the variant of a press mold Fig. 3 is again assembled from individual parts 1b and 1d.
  • the middle part 1b has a recess 1b ', which forms a web on the finished explosive charge 2.
  • reinforcement elements 31 to 36 are provided, as well as two edge area elements 37 and 38, which overall distribute the pressure acting on the casing 3 or ensure that it acts on the explosive 2 in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the exemplary embodiments discussed above show the universality of the subject matter of the invention. It allows, for example, the most precise possible implementation of calculated shaped charge shapes with a high armor-piercing effect. Ensure the use of conventional pressure generating means and the use of water as a pressure medium a high level of operational reliability and very efficient utilization of the equipment.
  • the device used to carry out the method according to the invention can be designed in many different ways; Reinforced plastics or laminates can be used instead of stainless steel for the pressure chamber.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Processing Of Terminals (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Procédé de pressage quasi-isostatique de corps d'explosif de haute puissance d'une grande précision dimensionnelle et d'une grande homogénéité, la forme intérieure ou extérieure (1) étant prédéterminée par un corps indéformable d'une grande qualité de surface et au moins partiellement à symétrie de révolution et présentant une pente finie par rapport à l'axe de rotation (A), caractérisé en ce que, dans une première étape, la forme intérieure ou extérieure est délimitée par une enveloppe élastique (3) qui est mise en place à engagement positif sur la plus grande zone marginale (1′) sur la forme intérieure ou extérieure et appliquée mécaniquement de manière à obtenir un moule (6) chargeable, que dans une seconde étape, la cavité du moule est remplie d'explosif (2) sous forme de poudre, que le vide est fait dans l'espace intérieur et l'explosif (2) ainsi que dans le volume à l'extérieur du moule, que l'espace intérieur est fermé dans une troisième étape, que le moule (6) rempli est introduit dans une chambre de compression (7) remplie de liquide, que l'intérieur de la chambre de compression (7) est soumis à une pression (p) laquelle pression (p) est augmentée en continu jusqu'à l'atteinte d'une valeur prédéterminée par la densité et la compacité désirées de l'explosif, et enfin que le moule rempli (7) est ramené par une détente continue à la pression normale et que la pièce moulée est retirée pour la finition mécanique.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de compression est remplie d'eau en tant que fluide sous pression.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le fluide sous pression est introduit dans la chambre de compression (7) sous une pression (p) de 1000 à 5000 bars.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la pression du fluide sous pression est augmentée de 800 à 1200 bars en l'espace d'une minute.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fluide sous pression dans la chambre de compression (7) est ramené à la pression normale en 20 à 100 secondes.
6. Dispositif pour le pressage quasi-isostatique de corps d'explosif de haute puissance d'une grande précision dimensionnelle et d'une grande homogéneité, selon l'une des revendications précédentes 2 à 5, comprenant une forme intérieure ou extérieure (1) composée de corps indéformables d'une grande qualité de surface, qui est au moins en partie à symétrie de révolution et présente une pente finie par rapport à l'axe de rotation (A), caractérisé en ce que la forme intérieure ou extérieure est délimitée par une enveloppe élastique (3) et munie de moyens (19) pour fixer l'enveloppe (3) à engagement positif par rapport à la zone marginale (1′) sur la forme intérieure ou extérieure, que la chambre de compression (7) est un cylindre de révolution réalisé dans un matériau à résistance élevée et disposé verticalement dont la face frontale inférieure (9) est obturée à demeure et la face supérieure fermée au moyen d'un couvercle à vis (10), et que la conduite d'amenée (15) pour le fluide sous pression est disposée au centre du couvercle à vis (10), alors que la conduite d'évacuation (16) est guidée de manière centrale dans la face (9) à fermeture permanente.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe élastique (3) est un élastomère à symétrie de révolution dont la zone marginale la plus grande (1′) est conformée à engagement positif par rapport à la forme intérieure ou extérieure (1).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une bride à vis (19) qui applique l'élastomère de manière mécanique contre la plus grande zone marginale (1′) sur la plus grande forme intérieure ou extérieure (1).
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que sur l'enveloppe élastique (3) est prévue, sur l'une des faces terminales, une tubulure de remplissage et d'évacuation (18).
10. Application du procédé selon la revendication 1 pour la réalisation de charges explosives formées avec précision ayant une action directionnelle telles que des charges creuses et des mines.
EP88810236A 1987-06-17 1988-04-13 Procédé de pressage quasi-isostatique de charges explosives formées avec précision, ainsi que dispositif de fabrication de ces charges Expired - Lifetime EP0296099B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88810236T ATE70041T1 (de) 1987-06-17 1988-04-13 Verfahren zum quasi-isostatischen pressen von praezisionssprengladungen sowie vorrichtung zu deren herstellung und anwendung des verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2280/87A CH673704A5 (fr) 1987-06-17 1987-06-17
CH2280/87 1987-06-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296099A1 EP0296099A1 (fr) 1988-12-21
EP0296099B1 true EP0296099B1 (fr) 1991-12-04

Family

ID=4230078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88810236A Expired - Lifetime EP0296099B1 (fr) 1987-06-17 1988-04-13 Procédé de pressage quasi-isostatique de charges explosives formées avec précision, ainsi que dispositif de fabrication de ces charges

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4920079A (fr)
EP (1) EP0296099B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE70041T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH673704A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3866602D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2028355T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK42493A (fr)
NO (1) NO166598C (fr)
PT (1) PT87744B (fr)
SG (1) SG13393G (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE139219T1 (de) * 1992-03-18 1996-06-15 Eidgenoess Munitionsfab Thun Verfahren und vorrichtung zum quasiisostatischen pressen von insbesondere thermoplastisch gebundenen präzisionssprengladungen
US5323681A (en) * 1993-09-22 1994-06-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Shaping apparatus for an explosive charge
US5888559A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-03-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Press for compacting plastic explosive material
DE10152397B4 (de) * 2001-10-24 2009-08-06 BOWAS AG für Industrievertrieb Herstellung von lösungsmittelfreiem Treibladungspulver
EP2332894A1 (fr) * 2009-12-14 2011-06-15 Bowas AG für Industrieplanung Procédé et fabrication de matières explosives
US8062563B2 (en) 2009-12-14 2011-11-22 Bowas AG für Industrieplanung Method of manufacturing explosives
US9546856B1 (en) * 2014-09-22 2017-01-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Press load process for warhead
CN104891189B (zh) * 2015-06-15 2016-09-14 安徽向科化工有限公司 一种粉状乳化炸药基质泵的泄爆装置
US11766809B2 (en) * 2018-03-05 2023-09-26 Bae Systems Plc Method of forming pre-defined recess in cured or cast explosive composition
CN108707054B (zh) * 2018-05-10 2020-07-17 西安近代化学研究所 一种预制密度梯度炸药造型粉压制模具
US11965720B2 (en) 2018-11-20 2024-04-23 Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd. Warhead with asymmetric initiation
US11209255B1 (en) 2019-09-10 2021-12-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Press load process for warheads
CN116067246B (zh) * 2023-02-23 2023-08-22 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所有限公司 一种爆炸逻辑网络精密装药方法及系统

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3537700A (en) * 1965-10-19 1970-11-03 Duriron Co Method of molding plastic coatings to bodies
GB1351444A (en) * 1970-07-10 1974-05-01 Ici Ltd Powder moulding process
DE2133724A1 (de) * 1971-07-07 1973-01-25 Hermsdorf Keramik Veb Vorrichtung zur herstellung von koerpern mit komplizierten innen- und/oder aussenkonturen, insbesondere zuendkerzengehaeusen, nach dem pulvermetallurgischen verfahren
US3931382A (en) * 1973-05-11 1976-01-06 National Forge Company Method for rapid isostatic pressing
US3824051A (en) * 1973-06-25 1974-07-16 Nat Forge Co Mold apparatus for isostatic pressing of hollow parts
FR2436120A1 (fr) * 1978-09-12 1980-04-11 Basset Bretagne Loire Dispositif et procede de fabrication d'elements en poudre agglomeree
US4615859A (en) * 1981-05-13 1986-10-07 Rogers Corporation Method of manufacture of improved radome structure
CA1195122A (fr) * 1981-05-25 1985-10-15 Paul Arni Methode de preparation d'un explosif brisant; produit ainsi obtenu, et sa mise en forme
FR2545478B1 (fr) * 1983-05-03 1985-07-05 Commissariat Energie Atomique Composition explosive moulable a froid et son procede de preparation
DE3517494A1 (de) * 1985-05-15 1986-11-20 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München Verfahren zum konturnahen isostatpressen
US4836961A (en) * 1987-01-02 1989-06-06 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Method of and apparatus for casting solid propellant rocket motors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO166598B (no) 1991-05-06
ES2028355T3 (es) 1992-07-01
HK42493A (en) 1993-05-07
SG13393G (en) 1993-04-16
EP0296099A1 (fr) 1988-12-21
CH673704A5 (fr) 1990-03-30
NO882667D0 (no) 1988-06-16
PT87744A (pt) 1989-05-31
NO882667L (no) 1988-12-19
PT87744B (pt) 1993-09-30
ATE70041T1 (de) 1991-12-15
DE3866602D1 (de) 1992-01-16
NO166598C (no) 1991-08-14
US4920079A (en) 1990-04-24

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