EP0012322B1 - Procédé pour fabriquer des produits métalliques, notamment des projectiles, en incorporant des particules distinctes dans une masse d'enrobage métallique - Google Patents

Procédé pour fabriquer des produits métalliques, notamment des projectiles, en incorporant des particules distinctes dans une masse d'enrobage métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012322B1
EP0012322B1 EP79104862A EP79104862A EP0012322B1 EP 0012322 B1 EP0012322 B1 EP 0012322B1 EP 79104862 A EP79104862 A EP 79104862A EP 79104862 A EP79104862 A EP 79104862A EP 0012322 B1 EP0012322 B1 EP 0012322B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spheres
metallic
outer case
particles
outer casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79104862A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0012322A1 (fr
Inventor
Adolf Weber
Siegfried Rhau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adolf Weber Te Neunkirchen Bondsrepubliek Duitsla
Original Assignee
Diehl GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl GmbH and Co filed Critical Diehl GmbH and Co
Priority to AT79104862T priority Critical patent/ATE532T1/de
Publication of EP0012322A1 publication Critical patent/EP0012322A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0012322B1 publication Critical patent/EP0012322B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
    • B22F7/064—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts using an intermediate powder layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12069—Plural nonparticulate metal components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12097—Nonparticulate component encloses particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of metallic moldings with discrete particles embedded in metallic bedding compound.
  • a method for producing shaped bodies with discrete particles embedded in metallic bedding compound is known.
  • the particles are attached to a metallic support and coated with a bedding compound made of a metal powder.
  • the carrier is isostatically pressed with the particle of the coating and then sintered.
  • Bullet splinters produced by this process show a good splintering effect.
  • the production of this splinter casing is economically complex, since after the sintering there are often bumps of several millimeters in the outer casing which have to be eliminated by a machining process.
  • the raw outer diameter of the splinter casing must be chosen to be relatively large in order to be able to remedy such defects. The amount of material removed from the fragment shell is therefore relatively high.
  • the splintering effect is not reproducible in every case, since during the pressing process the bedding compound reaches the spaces between the particles to different depths.
  • Another disadvantage is that the sintering process can impair the metallurgical properties of the materials used, such as hardness and toughness.
  • the thermal process mentioned limits the number of materials that can be used for discrete particles.
  • a splinter body for splinter projectiles is known from DE-C-2129196.
  • Spherical fragments are filled between two tubular bodies arranged one inside the other.
  • the inner tube body is pressed into the cavities between the splitters by high-pressure forming.
  • the tubular body is pre-fragmented and plated together with the splitters to form a split shell.
  • the high pressure forming can be shocked, e.g. B. by explosion forming or by pressing using a calibration bolt.
  • Such a reshaping has the disadvantage that, due to the degree of deformation moving within a wide range, the splintering effect cannot be reproduced to the extent necessary that very high specific surface pressures occur due to the reshaping force which is not to be uniformly distributed over the splinter shell and which, for example, harden the balls Steel, such as ball bearing steel, break and that the deformation stresses the material of the inner shell beyond the yield strengths and there is an unforeseeable reduction in strength. This reduction also affects the splintering effect.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a molded body for fragments that can be produced economically and has a reproducible splintering effect.
  • the solution to this problem is characterized in the claims.
  • the deformation of the outer shell in the outer shell causes stresses which, together with the compressive stress of the balls, result in a substantial increase in the fragment energy in the particles and the outer shell fragments.
  • the inner shell can be very thin, so that the detonation of the stored explosives requires as little deformation work as possible for the inner shell and as much energy as possible is passed on to the particles through the fragmented inner shell. Due to the deformability applied from the outside, the inner shell is deformed via the outer shell and the particles in the form of spheres. This causes work hardening in the area of the spherical caps deformed by the balls.
  • the particles are molded into the base body in the radial direction and therefore result in zones of higher hardness and therefore greater strength in their area, between the narrow zones of which there is lower strength.
  • the zones of low strength determine fragmentation. Fragmentation therefore requires less energy than an inner shell of uniformly high strength.
  • the empty volume between the base body and the outer shell and the particle is minimized and thus a lot of mass, specifically mass of high density, is available as an energy carrier.
  • the discrete particles are reproducibly pressed against one another and deform in a definite manner in the elastic range or in the elastic range and in the plastic range.
  • Damil transfers the particles essential for the fragmentation of the outer shell to the detona. tion energy fully in the area of their molding into the outer shell, since there is a zonal strength increase in the same way as in the inner shell.
  • the material of the outer and inner shell encloses the particles up to 70% of the particle surface unc.
  • the particles are detonated with a relatively low specific surface pressure4 and not destroyed.
  • the outer shell can also be made of a forged non-ferrous metal, such as measurement or aluminum.
  • the cold deformation does not change the hardness of the discrete particles, because there is no thermal stress.
  • a spacing grid is surprisingly not only necessary for the discrete particles made of hardened steel, heavy metal or depleted uranium, because up to 70% embedding of the balls by the material of the inner and outer shell causes the particles to break when plastically deformed does not occur.
  • a spacing grid is necessary because it is not plastically deformable.
  • the spacing grid is absolutely necessary for balls made of hard metal, since hard metal is not deformable.
  • the spacing grid guarantees the desired embedding of the balls in the material of the parts surrounding them, without the hard metal balls being destroyed.
  • the figures refer to 1 device for circular kneading, 2 molded bodies, 3 base bodies made of solid material, 4 rotating clamping head, 5 mandrel holders, 6 spacers, 7 mandrels, 8 kneading jaws, 10 outer sleeves made of steel C45, 11 base sleeves made of steel C45, 12 hardened balls made of ball bearing steel 100 Cr6, 13 and 14 zones of different pressures, 15 recesses, 18 shoulders, 19 kneading surfaces, 20 manufacturing diameters, 21 diameters, 22 spacing grids, 22 'webs, 23 spacing, 24 inner surface, 25 initial pitch circle, 27 precast circle.
  • the inner sleeve 11 is clamped into the clamping head 4 of the device 1 for circular kneading, which is only indicated.
  • this has a recess 15 delimited by paragraphs 18.
  • the balls 12, the outer sleeve 10 and the inner sleeve 11 are radial due to the fixed or rotating mandrel 7 supported.
  • the kneading jaws 8 have a concave kneading surface 19 with a radius which corresponds approximately to the manufacturing diameter 20 (FIG. 5) of the outer sleeve 10. In addition, funnel-shaped surfaces 19 'are provided. In the axial direction of the molded body 2, the kneading jaws 8 are significantly shorter than the recess 15 extending in the axial direction.
  • the diameters 21 of the base body 3 or inner sleeve 11 correspond to the finished diameter 20.21 'is the tube diameter.
  • the base body 3 according to FIG. 1 is present, it is fastened in the clamping head 4. Opposite to this, a device-side mandrel or a front retainer (not shown) engage on the base body 3.
  • the known kneading process takes place.
  • the kneading jaws 8 simultaneously hit the rotatingly driven molded body 2 according to FIGS. 1 or 2.
  • the distance 6 becomes zero by pressing the inner surface 24 of the outer sleeve 10 against the balls 12.
  • the balls form into the sleeves 10, 11 or sleeve 10 and base body 3 to an increasing extent until the final state is reached according to FIG. 5.
  • the distance 23 becomes zero, since the output pitch circle 25 becomes the smaller finished part circle 27 during forging.
  • the balls 12 are pressed against one another - a compressive stress arises under the balls, and the material of the webs 22 'is laterally displaced.
  • the base body 3 or the inner sleeve 11 supported by the mandrel 7 has zones 13 of higher strength and zones 14 of lower strength corresponding to the shaping of the balls 12.
  • the outer sleeve 10 contains tensile stresses which are caused by deformation of the balls 12 in the elastic or elastic and plastic range.
  • the balls 12 are pressed during kneading and save part of the deformation work (compressive stress). After kneading, the balls 12 release part of the deformability to the outer sleeve 10 and to a small extent to their base (inner sleeve 11 or base body 3). This deformability, which is absorbed by the parts mentioned, generates correspondingly high tensile stresses in them.
  • the tensile stresses are greater in the outer sleeve 10 than in the inner sleeve 11.
  • the molded body 2 may still be slightly turned over and the base body 3 still to be machined to to obtain a sleeve corresponding to the inner sleeve 11 according to FIG. This is followed by machining operations in order to be able to provide the molded body 2 with the projectile parts provided for it.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Procédé de fabrication de corps métalliques façonnés comprenant des particules (12) discrètes noyées dans la masse métallique, caractérisé en ce que les particules (12) disposées entre un élément métallique de base (3) et un manchon métallique externe (10) sont noyées par une action de pétrissage rotatif aussi bien dans l'élément de base que dans le manchon externe, des mâchoires de pétrissage (8) attaquant simultanément mais progressivement la totalité de la longueur du manchon externe (10) dans la zone où sont disposées les particules, par rotation du corps façonné (2).
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de base (3) est constitué par un matériau massif.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de base (3) est constitué sous forme d'un manchon interne (11) à paroi mince et soutenu radialement à l'intérieur par ur mandrin (7) amovible.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisÉ en ce que les particules sont constituées sous forme de billes (12) qui sont réalisées en ur métal lourd, en un métal dur, en acier durci ou er uranium appauvri.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisi en ce que le manchon externe (10) est réalisé ei un alliage d'acier forgeable à froid tel que di St37 ou du C45.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractéris en ce que le manchon externe (10) est constitu en un métal non ferreux forgeable tel que d laiton ou de l'aluminium.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractéris en ce que l'élément de base (3) est constitué en acier C45.
8. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 4, caractérisé en ce que les billes (12) sont maintenues dans un réseau d'écartement (22) à branches (22') compressibles.
EP79104862A 1978-12-06 1979-12-04 Procédé pour fabriquer des produits métalliques, notamment des projectiles, en incorporant des particules distinctes dans une masse d'enrobage métallique Expired EP0012322B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79104862T ATE532T1 (de) 1978-12-06 1979-12-04 Verfahren zur herstellung metallischer formkoerper, insbesondere geschosse, mit in metallischer bettungsmasse eingelagerten diskreten teilchen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2852658 1978-12-06
DE19782852658 DE2852658A1 (de) 1978-12-06 1978-12-06 Verfahren zur herstellung metallischer formkoerper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0012322A1 EP0012322A1 (fr) 1980-06-25
EP0012322B1 true EP0012322B1 (fr) 1982-01-06

Family

ID=6056399

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79104862A Expired EP0012322B1 (fr) 1978-12-06 1979-12-04 Procédé pour fabriquer des produits métalliques, notamment des projectiles, en incorporant des particules distinctes dans une masse d'enrobage métallique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4292829A (fr)
EP (1) EP0012322B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE532T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2852658A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL58858A (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2852657C2 (de) * 1978-12-06 1984-10-04 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Splitterkörper für Splittergeschosse
AT382236B (de) * 1982-10-11 1987-01-26 Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag Verfahren zur herstellung eines splitterkoerpers und danach hergestellter splitterkoerper
GB2236833B (en) * 1989-10-11 1994-03-16 Dynamit Nobel Ag Warhead with enhanced fragmentation effect
US5655396A (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-08-12 General Motors Corporation Roll peening device
DE19753188C2 (de) * 1997-11-21 2002-06-06 Diehl Stiftung & Co Splitterbildende Hülle für Munition
US10288394B2 (en) * 2015-07-09 2019-05-14 Textron Innovations Inc. Warhead fragmenting structure of compacted fragments
WO2017120684A1 (fr) * 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd Charge militaire
MA43989A (fr) * 2016-02-08 2018-12-19 Stancho Petkov Petkov Charge à fragmentation à éléments de destruction prêts à l'emploi
SE544578C2 (sv) * 2020-02-28 2022-07-26 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Metod för framställning av en komponent för en stridsdel

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3652235A (en) * 1967-04-14 1972-03-28 Int Nickel Co Composite metal articles
DE2129196C3 (de) * 1971-06-12 1975-11-13 Fa. Diehl, 8500 Nuernberg Splitterkörper für Splittergeschosse und -gefechtskopfe
US3834004A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-09-10 Metal Innovations Inc Method of producing tool steel billets from water atomized metal powder
US3982904A (en) * 1973-06-27 1976-09-28 Viking Metallurgical Corporation Metal rings made by the method of particle ring-rolling
US3976434A (en) * 1974-07-26 1976-08-24 Shwayder Warren M Saw and impact resistant member
DE2460013C3 (de) * 1974-12-19 1978-08-24 Sintermetallwerk Krebsoege Gmbh, 5608 Radevormwald Verfahren zum Herstellen metallischer Formkörper
DE2557676A1 (de) * 1975-12-20 1977-06-30 Diehl Fa Splittergeschoss
NL7701244A (nl) * 1976-03-23 1977-09-27 Diehl Fa Splinterhuls voor granaat-gevechtskop en dergelijke.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4292829A (en) 1981-10-06
IL58858A (en) 1982-01-31
ATE532T1 (de) 1982-01-15
EP0012322A1 (fr) 1980-06-25
DE2852658A1 (de) 1980-06-12
IL58858A0 (en) 1980-03-31

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