EP0253243B1 - Réflecteur pour projecteur automobile à feux de route améliorés - Google Patents

Réflecteur pour projecteur automobile à feux de route améliorés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0253243B1
EP0253243B1 EP87109641A EP87109641A EP0253243B1 EP 0253243 B1 EP0253243 B1 EP 0253243B1 EP 87109641 A EP87109641 A EP 87109641A EP 87109641 A EP87109641 A EP 87109641A EP 0253243 B1 EP0253243 B1 EP 0253243B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
reflecting
headlamp according
circular elements
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87109641A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0253243A1 (fr
Inventor
René Le Creff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Vision SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Vision SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8610339A external-priority patent/FR2601754B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR868616319A external-priority patent/FR2607222B2/fr
Priority claimed from FR868618141A external-priority patent/FR2609147B2/fr
Application filed by Valeo Vision SAS filed Critical Valeo Vision SAS
Publication of EP0253243A1 publication Critical patent/EP0253243A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0253243B1 publication Critical patent/EP0253243B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/338—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector having surface portions added to its general concavity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a headlamp for a motor vehicle with a diffuser, a reflector, the shape of which corresponds essentially to that of a rotational paraboloid cut by a lower and upper bevel cut plane and which has an optical axis on which there is a focal point of the reflector, one Lamp with at least one filament that is close to the focal point, a light guide that is adjacent to the front opening of the reflector and carries a diffusing screen at its front opening.
  • optical reflectors are used to improve the drag coefficient and the styling of the motor vehicles, the reflective quadrant of which is greatly reduced in height by two bevel cut planes, not all of the lamp emitted incident useful rays as it would be useful for the functions to be ensured.
  • a motor vehicle headlight in which the inner lining of the upper and lower boundary surface of the reflector has groove-shaped notches. These groove-shaped notches are intended to reflect the light rays emitted by the light source in the direction of the outlet opening of the headlight. In practice, however, it turns out that such a design of the reflection surfaces of the headlights does not contribute to any appreciable increase in the luminous efficacy of the main beam.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the luminous efficacy of headlights of the type mentioned at the outset compared to the known prior art.
  • This object is achieved in that at least the lower wall of the light guide channel on its inner surface illuminated by the high-beam filament of the incandescent lamp with a plurality of reflective, ring-shaped Elements are provided whose front reflecting surfaces correspond to the inner surfaces of spherical layers, the curvature of the reflecting surfaces decreasing from the innermost to the outermost of the annular elements such that the focal point is the common center of curvature of the reflecting surfaces of the annular elements.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the headlamp according to the invention is characterized in that the non-reflecting rear sides of the annular elements are shaped in such a way that the boundary rays reflected by the adjacent annular elements do not sweep over any further annular elements.
  • a headlight results with an easily calculable beam path if the annular elements are arranged at a constant radial distance from one another.
  • the luminous efficacy of the headlight according to the invention can be improved further in that the radial distance between the annular elements increases from the innermost to the outermost of the annular elements.
  • the proportion of diffusely reflected light can be significantly reduced compared to the light beams emerging from the headlight, since there is no longer any risk that the beams reflected on the curved front side of the ring-shaped elements arranged one behind the other on the rear side of the one in front of them lying rays is reflected.
  • This effect can be further supported by the fact that the distance of the upper boundary beam reflected by the reflecting surface of the annular elements from the lower boundary beam reflected by the reflecting surface of the annular elements is the same for all annular elements.
  • This latter feature provides an advantage in this regard than a less narrow gradation of the reflective ring-shaped elements, this method at least making it possible to realize at least one groove for two substantially while maintaining the same useful reflection volume of the recuperator device according to the invention.
  • the headlight according to the invention is characterized in that each reflecting surface of the ring-shaped elements consists of a series of a plurality of microfacets, which are individually aligned so that they block the incident beams of the low and / or high beam, with a reflection deviation to the usable area of the conic section of the mirror, so that these rays prevent the lamp from crossing through and after a second reflection through the corresponding area of the usable reflecting area of the reflector conic section, supplement and standardize the basic light beam that is obtained by the reflection of the individual rays of the light source that directly fall on the usable area of the conic section of the mirror.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of this headlamp variant is characterized in that at least some of the reflecting microfacets for at least some of the annular elements are dimensioned and arranged in such a way that the rays reflected through them, which run through the center of curvature of the annular elements, have a flat surface span.
  • the reflector is characterized in that the reflector is provided with at least one rear closable opening between the reflecting mirror and a wall comprising reflecting elements.
  • Such an opening makes it possible to expose the stepped reflective surfaces which face the rear of the reflector to the spray jets of substances which are intended to carry out the metallization and then the protection of the reflector in the course of corresponding processes. It also helps cool the projector.
  • the headlight is closed at the front by a pane 2 and takes in a rear opening 3 a monofunctional lamp 4, whose light-emitting thread is arranged strictly in the ratio 1/3 to 2/3 running length with respect to the focal point F of the reflecting quadrilateral 5 on the focal axis x'x so that the divergent-convergent high beam is generated.
  • the spread of the boundary rays R1 and R2, which are emitted by the last turn or the first turn, are shown in order to limit the solid angle ⁇ and the useful area of the illumination of the Quadrik 5 in the vertical focal plane corresponding to the plane of the figure.
  • the stepped annular elements according to the invention are arranged concentrically with respect to their common axis y'y so that the focal point F of the reflective quadrilateral 5 of the reflector 1 coincides with their common center of curvature.
  • Their division and their rays develop according to one of the specified secondary characteristics for the formation of reflective areas or grooves, the offset slopes of which are designed so that they form connection planes of the areas and in no way impair the reflection of all boundary beams, which illuminate the usable areas of the ring-shaped recuperator stages.
  • the result obtained is thus an enlargement of the illumination solid angle in all segments of the reflector, where the reflective quadric 5 is reduced by the bevel cut planes (angle ⁇ in the plane of the figure), and then runs on an optimization of the usable illumination area the reflective quadric 5 of the reflector, which is thereby enabled to generate substantially the same luminosity as a headlamp which is equipped with a non-beveled reflection part with the same parameters.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a bifunctional headlamp along the vertical focal plane, which here coincides with the plane of the figure.
  • This bifunctional headlamp with low and high beam is equipped with a reflector of low height, in which only the lower bevel cut plane 7 is illuminated by the high beam thread R and which is therefore provided with ring-shaped recuperation elements according to the invention, all areas of the upper and lower bevel cut plane, which the Use beams to form the low beam, cannot be equipped with the recuperator mirrors mentioned.
  • This figure also shows the gain that the ring-shaped recuperation elements 7 has brought to the usable illumination solid angle for the formation of the high beam in the strongly sloped lower part of the reflector 1.
  • This working angle for the plane of the figure under consideration goes practically from the value ⁇ to the value ⁇ for the individual turn of the high-beam filament R set to the focal point F of the quadric and the importance of the recovered light for the entire turns of the high-beam filament concerned can easily be understood and evaluate the totality of the sectors of the reflector, where the strongly slanted reflection quadrilateral could use only a small usable reflection surface in the lower part.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of an inventive bifunctional reflector shown, which is cut along the horizontal focal plane h'h.
  • FIG. 4 shows the profile of the recuperator elements 7, namely in a section along the plane EFG and folded down into the plane Z'Z perpendicular to the longitudinal focal plane y'y and parallel to the plane of the illumination opening of the reflector, that is to say into the plane of illustration of FIG. 3 .
  • recuperator elements according to the invention shown in the various figures are in no way exhaustive or restrictive; because these recuperator elements can e.g. B. can also be realized in the thickness of the wall of the bevel cut plane concerned, which intersects the quadrilateral of the reflector, as well as raised on the inner wall of the same plane or in an optical auxiliary disk which is placed on the inner surface of the bevel cut plane of the reflector.
  • This auxiliary pane can in turn come from a decorative strip or an attachment that extends the light opening of the reflector to the front, or can also be obtained from a metallized rear extension of the cover pane, which penetrates into the interior of the reflector in order to overlay the aforementioned inner wall of the predetermined diagonal cut plane.
  • the reflective recuperator elements can either form concentric crowns on the entire parallel or inclined plane of the reflector truncation or, as shown in FIG. 3, be limited in the arc length, depending on the usable gain which must be achieved around the high beam to reinforce.
  • the ring-shaped recuperator elements can be produced on all types of reflectors with a bevel cut plane, including reflectors with evolutionary facets and / or progressive or monotonous evolutionary conic sections.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the constant pitch P of the spherical elements 7, in which the rays perpendicular to the reflecting surfaces of the elements 7 enclose an angle increasing from the inside to the outside with the axis (y-y ').
  • FIG. 6 shows rays R reflected vertically at a constant angle in the case of ring elements 7 with variable division
  • FIG. 7 shows the constantly usable height H of the usable regions of the spherical elements 7 with increasing evolute rays and variable division.
  • the reflector 1 comprises a rear opening 3 for receiving a lamp 4, the filament C emits incident rays i 1, i 2 and incident rays i 1, i 2 to the rear.
  • the rays i'1, i'2 are reflected on the reflector 1, which is formed by a reflection conical section 10 and whose outline of the vertical focal plane is shown at T.
  • the bevel cut plane P comprises stepped annular elements 7 which, according to the invention, consist of a multiplicity of microfacets 20 which are oriented such that the reflected rays R1 and R2 of the incident rays i1 and i2 are reflected at the angles d1 and d2 at the conic section 10, without having crossed the bulb 4 'of the lamp 4. In this way, they complement and unify the beam that is directly reflected by the conic section and comes from the incident rays i'1 and i'2. If a bilux lamp, not shown in the drawing, is used, the rays emitted by the high-beam filament are also reflected at the steps 7, without the Cross lamp 4.
  • At least a portion of the microfacettes 20 define a monotonous evolute surface.
  • the reflector has a lamp mounting opening 3 at the rear and an opening defining its usable luminous area at the front, which opening is strapped by a reinforcing flange with various means for fastening and adjusting the direction.
  • Its reflection quadrilateral 5 on the other hand, is limited in height as a function of two bevel cut planes 27 and 28, which are provided on the inside with graduated reflection elements 6 and 7 for enlarging the illumination solid angle of the quadric 5.
  • the invention has two rear openings or spaces 29 and 30, which are located between the bevel cut planes 27 and 28 and the upper one and the lower limit of the quadric 5 are created, in particular to enable metallization and protection of the usable areas of the recuperator elements 7 in an effective manner.
  • the upper and lower limits of the quadric 5 are each provided directly at the rear openings 29 and 30 with a reinforcing rib 31 and 32, which stiffens the outer wall of the quadric 5 and extends it outwards.
  • the edge of each bevel cut plane is reversed provided on the outside with a rib 33, 34.
  • each opening 29-30 is closed with a shell 35-36 made of molded material (FIG. 10), this shell preferably being attached to the Outside of the construction of the reflection quadric is that it can then be removed at least without risk of changing the polish of the inner surface of the reflector before the metallization and protection of the usable reflection surface of the quadric 5 and the graduated recuperator elements 6-7 ensue.
  • the entire inner surface of the reflector, which is attached to the pivot supports of a carrier of the appropriate metallization agent, is effectively exposed to the various spray jets from the chosen metallization protection cycle are determined, in part by the front opening for the main usable area of the quadric 5, in part by the rear openings 29-30 for each of the additional usable areas of the stepped recuperator elements 6 and 7.
  • the vertical size of the openings 29 and 30 are obviously dependent on the dimensions, shapes, inclinations and distance of the lens optics arranged in front of the reflector opening and on the available body volume, which is determined by the streamlined profile imparted to the carrier vehicle. Accordingly, the inclination of the bevel cut planes 27 and 28 in the rear part can be emphasized more, so that an obliquely rising surface 37 is formed, as shown as an unlimited example in FIG.
  • the reflector whose bevel cut planes 27-28 provided with stepped elements 6-7 to facilitate the molding process form openings 29-30 with the main square 5 of the reflector at the end of this production stage, also has a thickness taper 39 of the wall of its connecting region in the front part of the reflector.
  • This taper 39 is intended to form a relatively soft hinge, which after the metallization and protective work on the usable optical inner surfaces of the reflector makes it possible to fold down the bevel cut surfaces 27-28 at the upper and / or lower limit region of the Quadrik 5 and to hold them in this closed position by fastening them to the ribs 31-32 using any suitable means, such as, for example, by locking, welding, gluing , Brackets etc.
  • the reflectors according to the invention can be accommodated in a protective housing and / or can be provided with any additional shell which is suitable for effective protection of their outer walls.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Projecteur de véhicule automobile comprenant un verre diffusant (2), un réflecteur (5) sensiblement paraboloïdique de révolution coupé par des plans de troncature (10) supérieur et inférieur et présentant un axe optique (X-X') sur lequel se situe un foyer (F) du rélecteur, une lampe (4) avec au moins un filament placé à proximité du foyer, un canal de lumière (1) allant jusqu'à l'ouverture frontale du réflecteur (5) et muni d'un verre diffusant (2) à son ouverture frontale, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins le plan de troncature inférieur du canal de lumière (1) est pourvu, sur sa surface inférieure éclairée par le filament route de la lampe (4), d'une multitude d'éléments annulaires réfléchissants (7), échelonnés selon une disposition concentrique comparable aux échelons de Fresnel par rapport à leur axe commun passant par le foyer (F) de la conique réfléchissante utile du réflecteur, ce foyer (F) étant aussi leur centre commun.
  2. Réflecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les faces arrière non réfléchissantes des éléments annulaires (7) sont formées de manière à ce que les rayons limites reflétés par les éléments annulaires (7) voisines ne rasent aucun autre élément annulaire.
  3. Réflecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments annulaires réfléchissants (7) sont disposés à un écartement radial constant (P) les uns par rapport aux autres.
  4. Réflecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'écartement radial entre les éléments annulaires (7) intérieurs et les éléments annulaires (7) extérieures augmente.
  5. Réflecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications ci-dessus, caractérisé par le fait que la distance (H) entre le rayon limite (R) supérieur reflété par la surface de réflexion des éléments annulaires (7) et le rayon limite (R) inférieur refleté par la surface de réflexion des éléments annulaires (7) est identique pour l'ensemble des éléments annulaires.
  6. Réflecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications ci-dessus, caractérisé par le fait que chaque surface reflechissante des éléments annulaires (7) du réflecteur est constituée par la juxtaposition d'une pluralité de micro-facettes (20) orientées individuellement de manière à réfléchir les rayons incidents (i₁, i₂), rayons croisement et/ou route captés qu'elles doivent renvoyer sur la surface utile de la conique (10) du quadrique, avec une déviation (d₁, d₂) d'angle de réflexion telle que ces rayons réflechis (r₁, r₂) évitant la traversée du ballon (4') de lampe (4) et viennent après une seconde réflexion par la zone correspndante de surface réfléchissante (10) utile de la conique-réflécteur, compléter et homogénéiser le faisceau d'éclairage fondamental obtenu par la réflexion des seuls rayons (i'₁, i'₂) de la source lumineuse (C) éclairant directeemnt la surface réfléchissante de ladite conique principale (10) du réflecteur (1).
  7. Réflecteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une partie des micro-facettes réfléchissantes (20) est dimensionnée et disposée pour au moins une partie des éléments annulaires (7) de manière à ce que les rayons réfléchis par ces micro-facettes passant par le foyer des courbures des éléments annulaires (7) forment une surface plane.
  8. Réflecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications ci-dessus, caractérisé par le fait que le réflecteur est muni d'au moins une ouverture arrière (29,30) entre le réflecteur (5) et un plan de troncature (27,28) comprenant des éléments réfléchissants (5,7).
  9. Réflecteur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'ouverture arrière (29,30) est obturée par un voile (35,36) venu de moulage avec le réflecteur (5,27,28) et séparé de ce dernier.
  10. Réflecteur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que le voile de matière (35,36) est formé sur la face externe de la structure du réflecteur (5,27,28).
  11. Réflecteur selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que ladite ouverture (29,30) est bordée par une nervure (31,32) bordant le réflecteur (5) et/ou une nervure (34,35) bordant le plans de troncature (27,28).
  12. Réflecteur selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un des plans de troncature (27,28) et incliné par rapport à l'axe optique du réflecteur.
  13. Réflecteur selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un des parois des plans de troncature (27,28) comprend une surface inclinée (37) bordant ladite ouverture (29,30).
  14. Réflecteur selon l'une des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un des parois des plans de troncature (27,28) est articulé autour d'une charnière (39) rabattue contre le réflecteur (5).
EP87109641A 1986-07-16 1987-07-04 Réflecteur pour projecteur automobile à feux de route améliorés Expired - Lifetime EP0253243B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8610339A FR2601754B1 (fr) 1986-07-16 1986-07-16 Reflecteur pour projecteur de vehicule automobile a faisceau route ameliore
FR8610339 1986-07-16
FR868616319A FR2607222B2 (fr) 1986-11-24 1986-11-24 Reflecteur pour projecteur de vehicule automobile a faisceau route ameliore
FR8616319 1986-11-24
FR8618141 1986-12-24
FR868618141A FR2609147B2 (fr) 1986-12-24 1986-12-24 Reflecteur pour projecteur de vehicule automobile a faisceau route ameliore

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0253243A1 EP0253243A1 (fr) 1988-01-20
EP0253243B1 true EP0253243B1 (fr) 1992-11-11

Family

ID=27251383

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87109641A Expired - Lifetime EP0253243B1 (fr) 1986-07-16 1987-07-04 Réflecteur pour projecteur automobile à feux de route améliorés

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4794504A (fr)
EP (1) EP0253243B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2787444B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3782562D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2034996T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6062709A (en) * 1997-01-30 2000-05-16 North American Lighting, Inc. Bulb retainer for adjustable lamp assembly

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4799131A (en) * 1987-11-18 1989-01-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Automotive lighting element
FR2626347B1 (fr) * 1988-01-22 1991-10-25 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteur a joues recuperatrices de flux, notamment pour vehicule automobile
DE3836382A1 (de) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-03 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Schalenfoermiger reflektor fuer einen fahrzeugscheinwerfer
FR2643974B1 (fr) * 1989-03-03 1993-05-07 Valeo Vision Projecteur, notamment de vehicule automobile, et plus particulierement un projecteur a faisceau coupe
US4994947A (en) * 1989-11-20 1991-02-19 Ford Motor Company Reflector and lighting fixture comprising same
JP3202155B2 (ja) * 1995-10-18 2001-08-27 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用灯具の反射鏡及びその形成方法
DE102004017545B4 (de) * 2004-04-08 2014-11-20 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Reflektor für eine Leuchte, mit einer verstellbaren Reflektorwand und Leuchte mit einem solchen Reflektor
GB0623796D0 (en) * 2006-11-29 2007-01-10 Qinetiq Ltd Reflector assembly and beam forming apparatus
JP5086029B2 (ja) * 2007-10-19 2012-11-28 スタンレー電気株式会社 車両前照灯
EP3715706A1 (fr) * 2019-03-29 2020-09-30 Valeo Iluminacion, S.A. Dispositif d'éclairage automobile et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'éclairage automobile

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE15449E (en) * 1922-09-05 Nonglare headlight
US1199071A (en) * 1915-11-19 1916-09-26 Martin L Heckert Non-glaring headlight.
US1394319A (en) * 1920-01-15 1921-10-18 Fred Earl Fuller Headlight-reflector
US1723535A (en) * 1927-03-25 1929-08-06 Redirected Light Corp Of Ameri Headlight
FR1259410A (fr) * 1960-03-14 1961-04-28 Procédé de fabrication d'un miroir rectangulaire pour projecteurs de véhicules automobiles et miroirs obtenus par sa mise en oeuvre
US3283142A (en) * 1963-07-01 1966-11-01 Miller L Freeman Light reflectors
FR2048179A5 (fr) * 1969-06-03 1971-03-19 Ducellier & Cie
FR2057246A5 (fr) * 1969-08-07 1971-05-21 Cibie Projecteurs
FR2208089B1 (fr) * 1972-11-24 1976-08-20 Laribe Armand
US4349866A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-09-14 General Signal Corporation Light reflection system with asymmetric reflector assembly
FR2514466A1 (fr) * 1981-07-03 1983-04-15 Seima Bloc optique, notamment de projecteur de vehicule automobile
DE3336306A1 (de) * 1982-10-28 1984-05-03 General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y. Abgeflachter scheinwerfer fuer motorfahrzeuge
US4531018A (en) * 1983-12-15 1985-07-23 Huster Heinrich P High voltage electrical insulator with arcing horn

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6062709A (en) * 1997-01-30 2000-05-16 North American Lighting, Inc. Bulb retainer for adjustable lamp assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6329401A (ja) 1988-02-08
US4794504A (en) 1988-12-27
JP2787444B2 (ja) 1998-08-20
DE3782562D1 (de) 1992-12-17
ES2034996T3 (es) 1993-04-16
EP0253243A1 (fr) 1988-01-20

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