EP0242418B1 - Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0242418B1
EP0242418B1 EP86105606A EP86105606A EP0242418B1 EP 0242418 B1 EP0242418 B1 EP 0242418B1 EP 86105606 A EP86105606 A EP 86105606A EP 86105606 A EP86105606 A EP 86105606A EP 0242418 B1 EP0242418 B1 EP 0242418B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
microwave
conveyer belt
liquid
gate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86105606A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0242418A1 (de
Inventor
Oskar Dr. Stuhl
Klaus-Dieter Wenzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH
Original Assignee
RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH filed Critical RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH
Priority to EP86105606A priority Critical patent/EP0242418B1/de
Priority to DE8686105606T priority patent/DE3661587D1/de
Priority to AT86105606T priority patent/ATE39600T1/de
Priority to US07/030,800 priority patent/US4821747A/en
Priority to AT87105912T priority patent/ATE45272T1/de
Priority to JP62097666A priority patent/JPS62257374A/ja
Priority to ES87105912T priority patent/ES2010686B3/es
Priority to EP87105912A priority patent/EP0242873B1/de
Priority to DE8787105912T priority patent/DE3760403D1/de
Publication of EP0242418A1 publication Critical patent/EP0242418A1/de
Priority to US07/171,330 priority patent/US4944316A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0242418B1 publication Critical patent/EP0242418B1/de
Priority to GR89400230T priority patent/GR3000206T3/el
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S131/00—Tobacco
    • Y10S131/903—Fixing the product after puffing

Definitions

  • Such a process is known from DE-A 1 917 552 and DE-A 2 203 105.
  • tobacco is impregnated with liquid or vaporous inert organic compounds.
  • the impregnating agent is evaporated, the tobacco expanding, i.e. a loosening and volume increase of the tobacco takes place.
  • the impregnating liquid should be introduced into the tobacco in the vapor state. This also enables a reduction in the amount of impregnation agent required.
  • the tobacco expands its filling capacity is increased by 60 to 120%.
  • the impregnating agent evaporated during the expansion is discharged together with the gas.
  • the expanding agent can be recovered from the mixture.
  • a disadvantage of this known method is that a remainder of the impregnating agent remains in the expanded tobacco. In order to remove these residual amounts from the expanded tobacco, it is necessary to store the tobacco for a long time until the impregnating agent has evaporated. Such storage means a loss of time in the tobacco treatment and requires appropriate storage facilities with equipment for tobacco conditioning. The remaining amount removed by storage is difficult to recover.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which the residual amount of impregnating agent still present in the tobacco after expansion is removed from the tobacco in a short time without expensive storage.
  • the material e.g. the tobacco
  • the material is subjected to a microwave treatment after the expansion, the remainder of the impregnating liquid being evaporated and removed for recovery.
  • the material to be treated is first expanded by evaporating volatile inert organic compounds, e.g. Halogenated hydrocarbons, according to the known method described above.
  • the tobacco is then subjected to a microwave treatment in order to drive off the residues of the impregnating agent which are still present in the tobacco and to carry them out for recovery.
  • the microwave treatment therefore does not recover the entire impregnating agent, but only the remainder that remains in the tobacco after the first process step.
  • the remainder is removed with relatively low microwave energy and is controllable in terms of control technology. With the microwave treatment there is no further expansion step, only the removal of the remaining impregnating agent.
  • the material is moistened to 15 to 70%, preferably to 18 to 40%, before the microwave treatment. After completion of the microwave treatment, the material should again have the usual average moisture of 10 to 16%.
  • the individual steps of the method according to the invention can be regulated well and bring about a gentle treatment of the material without the risk of thermal overload.
  • the impregnating agent is almost completely recovered, so that practically no losses occur.
  • the invention further relates to a device for microwave treatment.
  • Microwave treatment on an industrial scale and especially in continuous operation is very difficult to carry out because the microwave chamber requires complete shielding.
  • the invention solves the problem of maintaining the shielding of a microwave chamber during continuous operation.
  • a microwave chamber is provided, through which a conveyor belt passes and to which a suction line is connected; in the course of the conveyor belt, a lock is arranged directly in front of and behind the microwave chamber, which has gates that can be opened alternately; the conveyor belt passes through the door openings and can be moved through a gap in the door opening when the door is closed.
  • the method and the device for microwave treatment according to the invention are not only suitable for the treatment of tobacco but generally for the expansion treatment of organic material, e.g. of spices.
  • tobacco is fed to the impregnation device 11 via a humidifier 10.
  • the impregnation device 11 consists of a screw conveyor 12, in the inlet end of which the impregnating liquid is introduced in addition to the tobacco. This liquid is supplied in vapor form via line 13.
  • the inert organic liquid is preferably halogenated hydrocarbons, e.g. around trichlorofluoromethane (Frigen-11). Other inert organic liquids that can be used for the expansion are specified in DE-OS 1 917 552 and DE-OS 2 203 105.
  • the tobacco arrives at the expander 14, to which hot water vapor, which has been heated in the heater 16, is fed by a blower 15.
  • the temperature of the water vapor (or another gas used as a heat carrier) is above the boiling point of the impregnating agent, so that it evaporates and causes an increase in volume of the tobacco material in the expander 14.
  • a line leads from the outlet of the expander 14 to a cyclone 17.
  • a return line 20 leads from the outlet 19 to the heater 16.
  • a line 21 branches off from the return line 20 and leads to the regenerator 22, in which the impregnating agent is removed from the steam.
  • the vapor components (water and air) are discharged into a sump 23 while the impregnating agent is fed into the tank 24.
  • a line 25, which contains a pump 26 leads to the evaporator 27, the outlet of which is connected to line 13.
  • the evaporator 27 causes the impregnating liquid to be introduced into the impregnating device 11 in vapor form.
  • the tobacco arrives at a steam-operated separator 28 for the impregnating agent and from there via a conveyor 29 to a conditioning drum 30. From the separator 28, further impregnating liquid is present via line 21 a, which is still present in the tobacco , fed to the regenerator 22.
  • a conveyor 31 leads to the portioning device 32 for loading the microwave device 33, in which the second stage of the process, namely the microwave treatment, is carried out.
  • the moisture content of the tobacco is set to 15 to 70%, preferably 18 to 40%.
  • the dwell time of the tobacco in the conditioning drum 30 is 0.5 to 3 minutes, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 minutes.
  • the conveyor 31 leads to the portioning device 32. This consists of a container 34 (FIG. 2) which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis and which can be tilted in order to pour the tobacco material over the chute 35 onto the conveyor belt 36, whereby on the conveyor belt Tobacco pile 37 is created.
  • the drive of the conveyor 31 is synchronized with the tilt control of the container 34 so that a predetermined amount of tobacco is entered into the container 34 until it is filled, which can be determined by a level detector. Thereafter, the conveyor 31 is stopped until the container 33 has been emptied and then has reached its receiving position again.
  • the upper run of the conveyor belt 36 passes through the lock 38, the microwave chamber 39 and the lock 40.
  • the lock 38 consists of a chamber closed on all sides made of a material that shields electromagnetic waves.
  • a gate opening 42 is provided in the outer wall of the chamber and can be closed with a shielding gate 43.
  • the upper run of the conveyor belt 36 passes through the lower end of the gate opening.
  • the gate opening 42 is dimensioned such that a tobacco heap 37 lying on the conveyor belt 36 can be moved through it into the lock 38.
  • the gate 43 is shut down so that it closes the gate opening 42.
  • the gate 45 is raised in the wall that separates the lock 38 from the microwave chamber 39, so that the corresponding gate opening 44 is exposed.
  • the conveyor belt 36 is driven again so that the tobacco heap 37 enters the microwave chamber 39.
  • the microwave radiation sources 46 conduct microwave energy into the microwave chamber 39.
  • the impregnating agent in the tobacco and part of the tobacco moisture are evaporated.
  • the evaporated constituents are sucked out of the microwave chamber by suction lines 47 and suction fans 48 and fed to line 21b, which leads to the regenerator 22.
  • Moisture sensors and / or temperature sensors 41 are arranged in the lock 38 and in the microwave chamber 39, which measure the moisture or temperature of the tobacco without contact and whose signals are processed in a control unit 53, for example a microprocessor, around the microwaves Power or change the belt speed so that the tobacco leaving the microwave chamber 39 has a predetermined residual moisture, while on the other hand overheating of the tobacco is avoided.
  • a control unit 53 for example a microprocessor
  • the microwave chamber 39 is operated continuously, i.e. the microwave sources 46 are constantly switched on.
  • the conveyor belt 36 is operated continuously at a speed with which the control of the gates is synchronized. While the gate 43 in the lock 38 is open, the gate 45 is closed and when the gate 45 is open the gate 43 is closed, so that the microwave chamber 39 is shielded from the environment at all times. This avoids the emission of microwave energy.
  • the microwave radiation sources 46 can be switched on or off individually or in groups by the control unit 53.
  • the outlet-side lock 40 also consists of a chamber through which the conveyor belt 36 passes and which has a gate 49 on the wall that separates it from the microwave chamber 39, which gate 49 can close the gate opening 50.
  • the gate 51 which can close the gate opening 52, is located on the opposite wall. The movements of the gates 49 and 51 are also synchronized with the belt speed of the conveyor belt 36, with at least one of these gates being closed at all times.
  • the lock 40 has a greater length than the lock 38 and forms a post-treatment chamber from which moisture and any residues of the impregnating agent that may still be present are sucked off.
  • Impregnation agents and moisture can evaporate in the locks on the tobacco.
  • the locks 38 and 40 are connected to suction lines 55 with suction fans 56. These suction lines lead to line 21 b.
  • a common suction fan can also be provided in line 21b.
  • the gates of the locks 38 and 40 are designed so that a narrow gap remains free for the passage of the conveyor belt 36 even when the gate opening is closed, so that the conveyor belt 36 can still move through an actually closed gate opening.
  • flexible aprons made of shielding material can be attached, which do not hinder the movement of the conveyor belt, but do not allow the passage of microwaves.
  • the walls of the locks 38 and 40 and the microwave chamber 39 and also the gates are made of gas-impermeable material, so that no vapors can escape into the open.
  • a tobacco heap 37 is conveyed into the lock 38, a tobacco heap is conveyed from the lock 38 into the microwave chamber 39, a tobacco heap is conveyed from the microwave chamber 39 into the lock 40 and another tobacco heap is transported from one position to another position within the lock 40.
  • tobacco or other organic materials can be processed in the form of chips, strips, leaves, stems or from reconstituted leaves.
  • the method is preferably used for processing chip-like material.
  • the impregnating agent content can be reduced to less than 1% of the residual content still present after the first process step.

Landscapes

  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP86105606A 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien Expired EP0242418B1 (de)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86105606A EP0242418B1 (de) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien
DE8686105606T DE3661587D1 (en) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Process for treating tobacco and similar organic materials
AT86105606T ATE39600T1 (de) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Verfahren zur behandlung von tabak und aehnlichen organischen materialien.
US07/030,800 US4821747A (en) 1986-04-23 1987-03-27 Process for treating tobacco and similar organic materials
JP62097666A JPS62257374A (ja) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 たばこ材及びそれに類する有機物等の材料を処理するための方法及び装置
ES87105912T ES2010686B3 (es) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Procedimiento para el tratamiento del tabaco y de materiales organicos parecidos.
AT87105912T ATE45272T1 (de) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Verfahren zur behandlung von tabak und aehnlichen organischen materialien.
EP87105912A EP0242873B1 (de) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien
DE8787105912T DE3760403D1 (en) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Process for treating tobacco and similar organic materials
US07/171,330 US4944316A (en) 1986-04-23 1988-03-21 Process for treating tobacco and similar organic materials
GR89400230T GR3000206T3 (en) 1986-04-23 1989-11-08 Process for treating tobacco and similar organic materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86105606A EP0242418B1 (de) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0242418A1 EP0242418A1 (de) 1987-10-28
EP0242418B1 true EP0242418B1 (de) 1989-01-04

Family

ID=8195079

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105606A Expired EP0242418B1 (de) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien
EP87105912A Expired EP0242873B1 (de) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87105912A Expired EP0242873B1 (de) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak und ähnlichen organischen Materialien

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US4821747A (ja)
EP (2) EP0242418B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS62257374A (ja)
AT (2) ATE39600T1 (ja)
DE (2) DE3661587D1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2010686B3 (ja)
GR (1) GR3000206T3 (ja)

Families Citing this family (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3661587D1 (en) * 1986-04-23 1989-02-09 Reynolds Tobacco Gmbh Process for treating tobacco and similar organic materials
CA1328064C (en) * 1987-07-27 1994-03-29 Masao Kobari Apparatus for expanding material for foodstuffs, favorite items and the like
US5755238A (en) * 1996-10-17 1998-05-26 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Method and apparatus for low residence time redrying of tobacco
USRE38123E1 (en) 1996-06-28 2003-05-27 Regent Court Technologies, Llc. Tobacco products having reduced nitrosamine content
US5803081A (en) * 1996-06-28 1998-09-08 Regent Court Technologies Tobacco and related products
US6135121A (en) * 1996-06-28 2000-10-24 Regent Court Technologies Tobacco products having reduced nitrosamine content
US6311695B1 (en) 1996-06-28 2001-11-06 Regent Court Technologies Method of treating tobacco to reduce nitrosamine content, and products produced thereby
US6202649B1 (en) 1996-12-02 2001-03-20 Regent Court Technologies Method of treating tobacco to reduce nitrosamine content, and products produced thereby
US6637438B1 (en) 1997-04-21 2003-10-28 Kerry Scott Lane Method for assay and removal of harmful toxins during processing of tobacco products
WO2001028367A1 (en) 1997-04-21 2001-04-26 Kerry Scott Lane Method and system for assay and removal of harmful toxins during processing of tobacco products
US6058940A (en) * 1997-04-21 2000-05-09 Lane; Kerry Scott Method and system for assay and removal of harmful toxins during processing of tobacco products
US6586661B1 (en) * 1997-06-12 2003-07-01 North Carolina State University Regulation of quinolate phosphoribosyl transferase expression by transformation with a tobacco quinolate phosphoribosyl transferase nucleic acid
GEP20022696B (en) 1997-06-20 2002-05-27 Regent Court Tech Method of Reduce Nitrosamine Content of and Preventing Formation of Carcinogenic Nitrosamines in Harvested Leafy Plants, Tobacco Products and Products Produced Thereby
BG65186B1 (bg) * 1997-12-23 2007-06-29 Regent Court Technologies Метод за обработка на тютюн за намаляване на съдържанието на нитрозамини и продукти, получени по този метод
US6805134B2 (en) * 1999-04-26 2004-10-19 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco processing
DE19926216A1 (de) * 1999-06-09 2001-02-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bariumsulfat, Bariumsulfat und Verwendung des Bariumsulfats
EP1313868B1 (en) * 2000-08-30 2006-07-19 North Carolina State University Transgenic plants containing molecular decoys that alter protein content therein
US20060157072A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2006-07-20 Anthony Albino Method of reducing the harmful effects of orally or transdermally delivered nicotine
NZ530238A (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-08-27 Vector Tobacco Ltd Modifying nicotine and nitrosamine levels in tobacco
US7448390B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2008-11-11 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7275548B2 (en) * 2001-06-27 2007-10-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment for manufacturing cigarettes
US7073514B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-07-11 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US20040238136A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Pankaj Patel Materials and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
JP2005522201A (ja) * 2002-04-09 2005-07-28 ベクター、タバコ、リミテッド ニコチンおよびニトロソアミンを減少させたタバコ
US7195019B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2007-03-27 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment for manufacturing cigarettes
US7077145B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-07-18 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US20040122547A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-06-24 Seymour Sydney Keith Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7117871B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-10-10 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7234471B2 (en) * 2003-10-09 2007-06-26 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette and wrapping materials therefor
US7275549B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2007-10-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Garniture web control
US7281540B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2007-10-16 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7276120B2 (en) 2003-05-16 2007-10-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Materials and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7047982B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2006-05-23 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for registering pattern location on cigarette wrapping material
CN1742636B (zh) * 2004-09-02 2010-10-06 邹宝安 一种无公害液体香烟的生产工艺
CN101290277B (zh) * 2007-04-20 2011-05-11 财团法人食品工业发展研究所 利用微波辐射的快速提取方法
US8151804B2 (en) 2008-12-23 2012-04-10 Williams Jonnie R Tobacco curing method
WO2012132008A1 (ja) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 日本たばこ産業株式会社 たばこ原料の膨化方法およびその装置
CN102488326A (zh) * 2011-12-16 2012-06-13 新乡东方工业科技有限公司 卷烟机落地回收烟丝处理装置
CN103734903A (zh) * 2014-01-09 2014-04-23 云南烟草科学研究院 用于微波膨胀烟梗加工生产线的装置
CN106031523B (zh) * 2015-03-18 2019-05-14 北京航天试验技术研究所 一种密封设置的烟丝浸渍膨胀系统
WO2017153827A1 (en) 2016-03-07 2017-09-14 Wallbrooke Investments Ltd. Inductive heating apparatus and related method
CN107259633B (zh) * 2017-07-18 2019-06-04 云南中烟新材料科技有限公司 一种提升微波膨胀烟梗加工性的体积控制装置

Family Cites Families (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2119789A6 (en) * 1968-04-10 1972-08-04 Reynolds Leasing Corp Tobacco treatment process
US3524451A (en) * 1968-04-10 1970-08-18 Reynolds Tobacco Co R Process for increasing the filling capacity of tobacco
US3524452A (en) * 1968-04-10 1970-08-18 Reynolds Tobacco Co R Process for increasing the filling capacity of tobacco
US3693631A (en) * 1971-04-28 1972-09-26 Reynolds Leasing Corp Tobacco expansion process
BE786024A (fr) * 1971-07-07 1973-01-08 Reynolds Leasing Corp Procede pour augmenter le volume du tabac par exposition a des ondes dehaute frequence
US3765425A (en) * 1971-09-02 1973-10-16 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Puffing of tobacco
US3870053A (en) * 1972-06-06 1975-03-11 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Enhancement of flavor and aroma by microwave treatment
US3842846A (en) * 1973-01-22 1974-10-22 Philip Morris Inc Microwave expansion of tobacco
US4248252A (en) * 1978-06-02 1981-02-03 Philip Morris Incorporated Continuous process for expanding tobacco
DE2903300C2 (de) * 1979-01-29 1982-06-09 H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabaken
US4333482A (en) * 1980-07-22 1982-06-08 Philip Morris Incorporated Process for increasing filling power of reconstituted tobacco
DE3661587D1 (en) * 1986-04-23 1989-02-09 Reynolds Tobacco Gmbh Process for treating tobacco and similar organic materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0242873A1 (de) 1987-10-28
US4821747A (en) 1989-04-18
JPS62257374A (ja) 1987-11-09
US4944316A (en) 1990-07-31
DE3661587D1 (en) 1989-02-09
ATE39600T1 (de) 1989-01-15
GR3000206T3 (en) 1990-12-31
DE3760403D1 (en) 1989-09-14
EP0242418A1 (de) 1987-10-28
EP0242873B1 (de) 1989-08-09
ATE45272T1 (de) 1989-08-15
ES2010686B3 (es) 1989-12-01

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