EP0239466B1 - Klystronausgangskopplungsvorrichtung und Klystron mit derselben - Google Patents

Klystronausgangskopplungsvorrichtung und Klystron mit derselben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239466B1
EP0239466B1 EP87400565A EP87400565A EP0239466B1 EP 0239466 B1 EP0239466 B1 EP 0239466B1 EP 87400565 A EP87400565 A EP 87400565A EP 87400565 A EP87400565 A EP 87400565A EP 0239466 B1 EP0239466 B1 EP 0239466B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
output circuit
klystron
output
coupling
cavity
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP87400565A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0239466A1 (de
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Duc Tien Tran
Georges Faillon
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to output circuits for conventional klystrons with a single beam, as well as for klystrons with multiple beams.
  • US-A 2,901,660 describes a klystron comprising an output cavity to which is coupled an output circuit which is also coupled to at least one use circuit.
  • the output circuit is constituted by an annular cavity, formed by a waveguide closed on itself and being placed around the output cavity.
  • the annular cavity has an internal cylindrical wall and an external cylindrical wall, the orifices for coupling with the outlet cavity being regularly arranged on its internal cylindrical wall.
  • the output circuits according to the invention make it possible to solve the problem of manufacturing the output window of klystrons of high output power, for example of the order of several megawatts in continuous mode.
  • the invention makes it possible to use several outlet windows for a single klystron without disturbing the operation of the tube. Thus, each window is crossed only by a fraction of the output power of the tube. Even for klystrons with high output power, windows with the required qualities can be readily available.
  • Multi-beam klystrons are known in the prior art, from articles as well as from French patent NO 992 853. The principle of these klystrons and their structure will be recalled in the description of FIG. 1. None is specified in the prior art on the output circuit of these klystrons. If we use the energy from the tube, a single guide or a single loop, we introduce an asymmetry which disturbs the functioning of the tube. Another possibility is to use as many guides or loops as there are beams, but the output circuit thus produced is very bulky.
  • the present invention relates to an output circuit for a klystron, this klystron comprising an output cavity to which the output circuit is coupled which is also coupled to at least one use circuit, the output circuit being constituted by an annular cavity, formed by an H-shaped section waveguide which is closed on itself and being placed around the outlet cavity, and comprising an internal cylindrical wall and an external cylindrical wall, in that the output circuit comprises orifices for coupling with the outlet cavity which are regularly disposed on its internal cylindrical wall and comprising at least one orifice for coupling with a use circuit disposed on its external cylindrical wall.
  • the orifices which ensure the coupling of the output circuit according to the invention with the output cavity of the klystrons are provided with windows made of dielectric material.
  • the orifices which ensure the coupling of the output circuit according to the invention with the output cavity of the klystrons must be placed opposite the beams.
  • the klystrons with several beams are perfected klystrons for which we seek at the same time compactness, high efficiency while using only a low accelerating voltage.
  • the beam can be divided into several elementary beams.
  • the acceleration voltage applied between the anode and the cathode is therefore divided by the factor NPJ5.
  • the acceleration voltage is divided by 62/5, that is to say substantially by a factor of 2.
  • Figure 1 shows the diagram of a klystron with several beams according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a view in longitudinal section of a klystron with several beams according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • This tube comprises electron guns made up of cathodes which bear the reference 1 and an anode which bears the reference 2. This anode is pierced with holes arranged opposite the cathodes.
  • This klystron has four cavities of resonance 3 which are used to modulate the beams in speed.
  • Sliding tubes 4 connect the cavities to each other and ensure sealing.
  • the focusing of the beams is carried out by a set of coils 5. It can be seen in FIG. 2 that two shielding plates 6, made of magnetic material, for example, have been placed on either side of the set of coils 5 in soft iron. These plates are pierced with holes of diameter very close to those of the beams, so as to allow the passage of the beams of the electron guns into the cavities then from the cavities to the collector 7.
  • FIG. 2 two electron beams 8 and 9 are shown.
  • These plates 6 are equipotential surfaces from a magnetic point of view and contribute to creating along the tube a magnetic field as constant as possible.
  • the shielding plate 6 located on the side of the barrels makes it possible to prevent the leakage field of the coils from reaching the cathodes.
  • this shielding plate 6 carries include a bulge 10 directed towards the cathodes.
  • a cylinder 11 made of magnetic material is attached to this shielding plate 6. This cylinder 11 is connected to other parts 12, which are made of ceramic, for reasons of insulation.
  • an anode 2 made of magnetic material can be used to perfect the shielding of the cathodes.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view in the direction AA 'shown in Figure 2.
  • the klystron of Figure 2 has six sliding tubes 4, therefore has six electron beams.
  • the ends of a cavity 3 have been shown, but the focusing device has not been shown.
  • the sliding tubes are arranged in a circle centered on the longitudinal axis XX 'of the tube.
  • the angular difference between the tubes is constant.
  • the electric fields have an identical configuration, in each cavity, between the parts of the sliding tubes which face each other.
  • the distance separating two parts of a sliding tube which face each other is of the order of the internal diameter of the sliding tube.
  • the distribution of the electric field between two parts of a sliding tube which face each other has a cylindrical symmetry around the longitudinal axis of the sliding tube.
  • each cavity 3 of the tube has higher resonant frequencies very far from the frequency of the fundamental mode TM01 of the klystron.
  • FIG 4 there is shown a perspective view of an embodiment of the output circuit 13 according to the invention.
  • This output circuit collects the high frequency power and distributes it to the use circuit.
  • This output circuit is coupled to the output cavity of the klystron, that is to say to the last cavity of the klystron, that which is closest to the collector.
  • This output circuit must resonate at the same frequency as the tube output cavity.
  • a output circuit consisting of an annular cavity, formed by an H-shaped section waveguide which is closed on itself.
  • output circuit 13 is placed around the output cavity of the klystron, as clearly shown in Figure 2 and in Figure 5 which shows in more detail than Figure 2 the output cavity and the output circuit.
  • the output circuit 13 is coupled to the output cavity of the klystron by orifices 15 which are evenly distributed on the wall of the output circuit which is in contact with the output cavity. This wall is the internal cylindrical wall 22 of the output circuit.
  • the number of N holes is equal to the number of klystron beams.
  • Each orifice 15 is positioned so as to face an electron beam.
  • the output circuit is also coupled to the use circuit, which is a waveguide 16 in the example of FIGS. 4 and 5, by an orifice 19 carried by the wall of the output circuit which faces the bearing wall. the orifices 15. This wall is the external cylindrical wall 23 of the output circuit.
  • the orifices 15 may be empty as is the case in FIG. 4.
  • the use circuit 16 which has a window 17 ensuring the vacuum tightness while letting the then pass. high frequency.
  • the window 17 can be placed at the level of the coupling orifice 19 between the cir output cooked and the use circuit, or can be placed further in the guide 16 as is the case in FIG. 5.
  • each window placed in a coupling orifice 15 only lets through the N th part of the total power.
  • the H-shaped cross section of the output circuit 13 behaves like a capacitor and makes it possible to obtain a circuit resonant at the frequency of the tube output cavity but whose dimensions are smaller than in the case for example of a rectangular cross section.
  • the operating mode of this output circuit is of the transverse electrical type.
  • this H-shaped cross section makes it possible to prevent the arrangement of the coupling orifice (s) 19 - see FIG. 5 - between the output circuit 13 and the circuit (s) for using the tube does not disturb the symmetry of the beams. It is therefore possible without disadvantage to couple the output circuit 13 by a single coupling orifice 19 to a single user circuit or to couple the output circuit 13 by several coupling orifices 19, positioned in any manner, to several circuits of use .
  • the output circuit according to the invention is of great interest when used on conventional klystrons with a single beam of high output power.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the output cavity of a single beam klystron and the output circuit according to the invention which is coupled to this cavity.
  • the single beam propagates along the XX 'axis of the klystron.
  • the coupling orifices 15 between the output cavity and the output circuit are provided with windows 21 made of dielectric material which provide sealing and which are only passed through by a fraction of the total output power. If N windows are used, each window is only crossed by a fraction equal to 1 / N of the total output power. We can therefore easily have windows with the required qualities.
  • the number N of coupling orifices 15 is chosen according to the output power of the tube and the characteristics of the windows used.
  • the coupling orifices 15 between the outlet cavity of the tube and the outlet circuit are regularly distributed over the wall of the outlet circuit which is in contact with the outlet cavity, as shown in the example in Figure 4.
  • the coupling orifices 15 can be left empty and a window is provided in each use circuit.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Ausgangsschaltkreis für ein Klystron, wobei dieses Klystron einen Ausgangshohlraum (3) umfaßt, an den der Ausgangsschaltkreis (13) gekoppelt ist, der ebenfalls zumindest an einen Verbraucherstromkreis (16) gekoppelt ist, wobei der Ausgangsschaltkreis (13) aus einem ringförmigen Hohlraum besteht, der von einem Wellenleiter mit H-förmigem Querschnitt gebildet wird, der in sich geschlossen und um den Ausgangshohlraum herum gelegen ist und eine zylindrische Innenwand (22) und zylindrische Außenwand (23) umfaßt, wobei der Ausgangsschaltkreis Kopplungsöffnungen (15) zur Kopplung mit dem Ausgangshohlraum umfaßt, die gleichmäßig auf seiner zylindrischen Innenwand (22) angeordnet sind, die zumindest eine Kopplungs- öffnung (19) zur Kopplung mit einem Verbraucherstromkreis (16) umfaßt, der auf seiner zylindrischen Außenwand (23) angeordnet ist.
2. Ausgangsschaltkreis nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kopplungsöffnungen (15) des Ausgangsschaltkreises (13) für den Ausgangshohlraum (3) durch Fenster (21) aus dielektrischem Material geschlossen sind.
3. Ausgangsschaltkreis nach Anspruch 1, gekoppelt zumindest an einen Verbraucherstromkreis (16), der durch ein Fenster (17) aus dielektrischem Material geschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kopplungsöffnungen (15) für die Kopplung des Ausgangsschaltkreises (13) mit dem Ausgangshohlraum (3) leer sind.
4. Klystron mit einem Strahlenbündel, das einen Ausgangshohlraum (3) umfaßt, der an einen Ausgangsschaltkreis (13) gekoppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um einen Schaltkreis nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 handelt.
5. Klystron mit mehreren Bündeln, das einen Ausgangshohlraum (3) umfaßt, der an einen Ausgangsschaltkreis (13) gekoppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um einen Ausgangsschaltkreis nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 handelt, und daß der Ausgangsschaltkreis eine Anzahl Kopplungsöffnungen (15) für den Ausgangshohlraum (3) umfaßt, die gleich der Anzahl der Strahlenbündel des Klystrons ist, und daß sich diese Öffnungen (15) den Strahlenbündeln gegenüber befinden.
6. Klystron nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mehrere Resonanzhohlräume (3) und eine Vorrichtung zur Fokussierung (5) umfaßt, die um die Hohlräume herum angeordnet ist.
7. Klystron nach Anspruch 6, das eine Anzahl Elektronenkanonen gleich der Anzahl der Strahlenbündel umfaßt, wobei diese Kanonen eine gemeinsame Anode (2) besitzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Abschirmvorrichtung umfaßt, die gebildet ist aus:
- zwei Platten (6) aus magnetischem Material, die auf beiden Seiten der Vorrichtung zur Fokussierung (6) angeordnet und mit Löchern versehen
Figure imgb0005
ist, durch welche die Strahlenbündel passieren können;
- einem Zylinder (11) aus magnetischem Material, der an der Platte (6) angebracht ist, die sich seitlich an den Elektronenkanonen des Klystrons befindet;
- einer Anode aus magnetischem Material.
8. Klystron nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Gleitröhren (4) umfaßt, die regelmäßig in einem Kreis mittig auf der Längsachse der Röhre angeordnet sind, und daß in jedem Hohlraum (3) der Abstand, der zwei Teile einer gegenüberliegenden Gleitröhre (4) trennt, von der Größenordnung des Innendurchmessers der Röhre ist.
EP87400565A 1986-03-19 1987-03-13 Klystronausgangskopplungsvorrichtung und Klystron mit derselben Expired - Lifetime EP0239466B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8603949A FR2596199B1 (fr) 1986-03-19 1986-03-19 Circuit de sortie pour klystron et klystron comportant un tel circuit de sortie
FR8603949 1986-03-19

Publications (2)

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EP0239466A1 EP0239466A1 (de) 1987-09-30
EP0239466B1 true EP0239466B1 (de) 1990-01-17

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US (1) US4827192A (de)
EP (1) EP0239466B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH07118271B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3761464D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2596199B1 (de)

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FR2625836B1 (fr) * 1988-01-13 1996-01-26 Thomson Csf Collecteur d'electrons pour tube electronique
FR2737340B1 (fr) * 1995-07-28 1997-08-22 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube electronique multifaisceau a couplage cavite/faisceau ameliore
US5811943A (en) * 1996-09-23 1998-09-22 Schonberg Research Corporation Hollow-beam microwave linear accelerator
FR2756970B1 (fr) * 1996-12-10 2003-03-07 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube hyperfrequence a interaction longitudinale a cavite a sortie au dela du collecteur
FR2764730B1 (fr) * 1997-06-13 1999-09-17 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Canon electronique pour tube electronique multifaisceau et tube electronique multifaisceau equipe de ce canon
FR2780809B1 (fr) 1998-07-03 2003-11-07 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube electronique multifaisceau avec champ magnetique de correction de trajectoire des faisceaux
CN1110876C (zh) * 1999-09-24 2003-06-04 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 径向波激光器
FR2803454B1 (fr) * 1999-12-30 2003-05-16 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Generateur d'impulsions hyperfrequences integrant un compresseur d'impulsions
WO2005059946A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-30 European Organization For Nuclear Research Klystron amplifier
JP4653649B2 (ja) * 2005-11-30 2011-03-16 株式会社東芝 マルチビームクライストロン装置
JP4991266B2 (ja) * 2006-12-11 2012-08-01 株式会社東芝 マルチビームクライストロン
CN100536061C (zh) * 2007-03-29 2009-09-02 汕头大学 高次模多注速调管输出电路
US8847489B2 (en) * 2009-10-21 2014-09-30 Omega P-Inc. Low-voltage, multi-beam klystron
RU2483386C2 (ru) * 2011-08-29 2013-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное предприятие "Контакт" Мощный широкополосный клистрон
CN103632907B (zh) * 2012-08-23 2015-09-30 中国科学院电子学研究所 带状注速调管多间隙腔输出装置
US20150137513A1 (en) * 2013-11-21 2015-05-21 Swagelok Company Keyed fitting

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DE2953909A1 (de) * 1979-11-28 1982-02-04 V Pasmannik Klystron

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JPS62229735A (ja) 1987-10-08
DE3761464D1 (de) 1990-02-22
US4827192A (en) 1989-05-02
FR2596199A1 (fr) 1987-09-25
EP0239466A1 (de) 1987-09-30
FR2596199B1 (fr) 1994-03-18
JPH07118271B2 (ja) 1995-12-18

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