EP0022016B1 - Verzögerungsleitung mit veränderlicher Steghöhe für eine Wanderfeldröhre und Wanderfeldröhre mit einer solchen Verzögerungsleitung - Google Patents

Verzögerungsleitung mit veränderlicher Steghöhe für eine Wanderfeldröhre und Wanderfeldröhre mit einer solchen Verzögerungsleitung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022016B1
EP0022016B1 EP80400940A EP80400940A EP0022016B1 EP 0022016 B1 EP0022016 B1 EP 0022016B1 EP 80400940 A EP80400940 A EP 80400940A EP 80400940 A EP80400940 A EP 80400940A EP 0022016 B1 EP0022016 B1 EP 0022016B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
delay line
section
pitch
variation
structures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80400940A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0022016A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Deville
Philippe Lafuma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0022016A1 publication Critical patent/EP0022016A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0022016B1 publication Critical patent/EP0022016B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/38—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a delay line for traveling wave tube of cylindrical structure, more particularly a delay line of the type with ceiling (s) and rings.
  • a delay line of the above type consisting of a cylindrical metal guide for example and, in the straight sections of this guide, coaxial metal rings each fixed to the wall of the guide by at least one metal rod; it further comprises at least one ceiling constituted by a metallic wedge fixed to the inner wall of the guide and extending over the entire length of the latter any section of this ceiling by a plane perpendicular to the axis of the guide having the shape of a circular crown sector.
  • the delay lines of the above type, used in traveling wave tubes appear as formed by a succession of elementary sections or cells made up of the elements described above, all identical, repeating periodically along of the electron beam propagation axis.
  • traveling wave tubes using this type of constant pitch line have an HF power available at the tube outlet, limited to about a third of that applied by the power supplies.
  • the object of the present invention is to increase the interaction efficiency of traveling wave tubes using lines of the ceiling (s) and ring type by providing a new line structure.
  • the present invention can also be applied to delay lines of the above type comprising a metallic conductor in contact with the ceilings on one of the faces of the section and forming a short circuit between them, as described in the first addition to the patent. number 82.236.
  • This feature eliminates certain parasitic operating modes. In this case, the variation of the pitch can be achieved by modifying the distance between rings and short-circuits.
  • FIG. 1 represents, in perspective, an elementary cell 10 of a delay line of the invention.
  • Each of these cells consists, in accordance with the art of the cited patents, in a metal guide section with circular section 11, comprising two metal ceilings 1 extending symmetrically from the wall of the guide section up to a certain distance from the center from the right section of it.
  • a circular metal ring 3 In a plane parallel to that of the ceilings, is disposed a circular metal ring 3 supported by two diametrically opposite rods 4 fixed to the wall of the guide section.
  • the two ceilings 1 are interconnected by a loop 2 made of an electrically conductive material.
  • this loop, or short circuit consists of a linear conductor applied to the two ceilings and entirely located in their plane; the figure shows, without markers, the four holes used in the example for cooling the line by circulation of fluid; the different guide sections similar to that described are mounted and clamped against each other, to form the delay line of the invention, the rods 4 all parallel to each other, as well as the ceilings 1; the assembly is made vacuum tight by brazing.
  • step L is carried out, according to the invention, by modifying, inside each cell, or the dimensions of the constituent elements of the cell, thickness of the ring and support rod assembly, or the distance between ring and short circuit, in particular.
  • the delay rate imparted to the electromagnetic wave propagating along the line varies in opposite direction to the pitch.
  • the pitch of the structure decreases first (section II) compared to that in the first section, I, near the electron gun, then increases in section III , beyond its value in section I.
  • the thickness of the assembly formed by the ring 3 and its support rods 4, roughly uniform in the example of Figure 1, is designated by d in this figure; the distance between ring 3 and short circuit 2 by d 'in Figure 2.
  • the thickness of the support rods is very substantially greater than that of the ring itself.
  • the variation of the pitch of the line of the invention can be obtained in two ways: either by modifying the thickness of the assembly, 3-4, formed by the ring and its supports, or by modifying the distance from the ring 3 to the short circuit 2.
  • the first way of proceeding proves to be the most effective for varying the pitch; it also has the advantage of causing a slight disturbance in the coupling impedance between the electron beam and the delay line.
  • the improvement in efficiency obtained with the delay line of the invention is further increased precisely because of this coupling impedance.
  • the increase in pitch in the last part of the line is not incompatible with a reduction in the coupling impedance in this part, and a lesser dispersion of the electronic speeds, confirmed by calculation.
  • the focusing of the electron beam is thereby facilitated and the transmission coefficient of the beam improved: the losses of electrons along the line are less, which allows a better beam utilization factor and an average power. higher frequency available at the outlet of the stronger tube, all other things being equal.
  • a low coupling impedance generally corresponds to a poorly dispersive structure, that is to say a large passband.
  • the arrangements provided by the invention to increase the efficiency of the tube therefore go in the direction of a greater bandwidth, which, as is known, is one of the main characteristics of traveling wave tubes.
  • variable-pitch delay line of the invention has many advantages, which result from the above, without causing technological complications of implementation.
  • the invention is not limited to the examples described and shown but applies, in general, to any delay line with ceiling (s) and rings, in particular in the case of lines which would include a number of ceilings, different from that of the example shown, arranged in the intervals between the support rods of the rings. It applies, inter alia, also to the case of waveguides having a section other than the circular section shown and, in general, it includes all the variants accessible to those skilled in the art from that shown .
  • FIG. 2 to which reference has been made for the description of the delay line of the invention shows in section the whole of a tube constructed with this line, the latter, formed of three sections l, II and III, bears the reference 20.
  • the tube comprises a metal envelope 21 closed at its two ends by an electron collector 22 and by an insulating foot 23 in which is housed an electron gun whose cathode has been shown at 24 and its heating filament at 25, a focusing electrode 26, as well as an acceleration electrode 27.
  • the cathode emits, under the action of the power source 28, an electron beam 29 whose outline is shown in dotted lines.
  • the delay line is coupled to the input and output circuits of the tube, amplifier in the example, by the antennas 30 and 31.
  • the reference 32 designates the solder ring ensuring the vacuum-tight assembly of the cells 10 between them.
  • the cells For clarity, finally, we have limited, in each section, the cells to a small number, when in reality each of these sections can comprise of the order of several tens.
  • a tube equipped with a delay line according to the invention supplied on the frequency of 3 gigahertz for high frequency power of 300 kilowatts peak, for a total applied peak power of 600 kilowatts, in the form of pulses of 25 fJS with a form factor of 60 and a beam intensity of 17 amps.
  • the line included a hundred cells.
  • the invention is generally applicable to the production of high power levels with a large bandwidth and with a high efficiency in the microwave field, particularly in the centimeter range.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Verzögerungsleitung für eine Wanderfeldröhre, mit aneinander angefügten Zellen (10), die jeweils aus den folgenden Elementen zusammengesetzt sind :
- ein metallischer Wellenleiterabschnitt (11), der Deckenelemente (1) von derselben Dicke wie der Abschnitt enthält, welche jeweils einen Teil seines Querschnitts einnehmen und sich von einem Bruchteil seines Umfangs bis zu einer bestimmten Entfernung von seiner Mitte erstrecken ;
- ein koaxialer Metallring (3), der an der Wandung des Wellenleiterabschnitts durch Trägerstangen (4) befestigt ist, die in den freien Räumen zwischen den Deckenelementen angeordnet sind ; wobei die Gesamtheit der Zellen einen Wellenleiter gleichförmigen Querschnitts bildet, in dem die Deckenelemente einerseits und die Trägerstangen andererseits miteinander fluchten und sich um das Elektronenbündel herum längs dessen Bahn im Inneren der Röhre erstrekken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung unterteilt ist in drei Gruppen von Zellen (I, II, 111), innerhalb welchen jeweils die Teilung konstant ist, wobei die Teilung der zweiten Zellengruppe kleiner und die der dritten Zellengruppe größer ist als die der ersten Zellengruppe, bezogen auf eine Bewegungsrichtung entlang der Leitung ausgehend von der Elektronenkanone, wobei die Teilungsvariation durch Dehnung oder Kontraktion wenigstens eines Maßes der Zellen erhalten ist.
2. Verzögerungsleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Variation des Maßes in einer Veränderung der Dicke der Ringe (3) und ihrer Trägerstangen (4) besteht, die alle dieselbe Dicke d aufweisen.
3. Verzögerungsleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine Verzögerungsleitung, die ferner einen metallischen Leiter (2) umfaßt, der mit den Deckenelementen (1) an einer der Flächen des Abschnitts in Berührung ist und zwischen ihnen einen Kurzschluß herstellt, die Maßvariation in einer Änderung der Entfernung zwischen Ringen (3) und Kurzschlüssen (2) besteht.
4. Verzögerungsleitung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß gleichzeitig die Kopplungsimpedanz vermindert wird.
5. Verzögerungsleitung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Absenkung der Kopplungsimpedanz durch Vergrößern der Dicke (a) der Ringe (3) erhalten ist.
6. Verzögerungsleitung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Absenkung der Kopplungsimpedanz durch Vergrößerung der Breite (b) der Trägerstangen (4) für die Ringe erhalten ist.
7. Wanderfeldröhre, besonders eine verstärkerröhre, umfassend eine Einrichtung, welche ein Elektronenbündel erzeugt und es zu einem es einfangenden Kollector übernimmt, und eine Verzögerungsleitung, welche der Elektronenbahn entlang angeordnet ist und längs welcher die in Betrieb mit dem Bündel zusammenwirkenden elektromagnetischen Wellen ausbreiten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verzögerungsleitung eine Leitung gemäß dem Anspruch 1 ist.
EP80400940A 1979-07-03 1980-06-24 Verzögerungsleitung mit veränderlicher Steghöhe für eine Wanderfeldröhre und Wanderfeldröhre mit einer solchen Verzögerungsleitung Expired EP0022016B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7917201A FR2460539A1 (fr) 1979-07-03 1979-07-03 Ligne a retard a pas variable pour tube a onde progressive, et tube a onde progressive muni d'une telle ligne
FR7917201 1979-07-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0022016A1 EP0022016A1 (de) 1981-01-07
EP0022016B1 true EP0022016B1 (de) 1983-12-28

Family

ID=9227418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80400940A Expired EP0022016B1 (de) 1979-07-03 1980-06-24 Verzögerungsleitung mit veränderlicher Steghöhe für eine Wanderfeldröhre und Wanderfeldröhre mit einer solchen Verzögerungsleitung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4371852A (de)
EP (1) EP0022016B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5613641A (de)
DE (1) DE3065992D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2460539A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2528626A2 (fr) * 1978-12-29 1983-12-16 Thomson Csf Generateur d'ondes radioelectriques pour hyperfrequence
FR2490872A1 (fr) * 1980-09-19 1982-03-26 Thomson Csf Ligne a retard a cavites couplees pour tube a ondes progressives et tube a ondes progressives comportant une telle ligne
FR2520552A2 (fr) * 1982-01-22 1983-07-29 Thomson Csf Generateur d'ondes radioelectriques pour hyperfrequence
CA1219672A (en) * 1983-05-09 1987-03-24 National Aeronautics And Space Administration Linearized traveling wave amplifier with hard limiter characteristics
US4558256A (en) * 1983-06-09 1985-12-10 Varian Associates, Inc. Velocity tapering of comb-quad traveling-wave tubes
JPH0590762U (ja) * 1992-05-15 1993-12-10 日本開閉器工業株式会社 メンブレンスイッチ

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR969886A (fr) * 1948-07-23 1950-12-27 Csf Perfectionnements aux tubes à onde progressante
US3548246A (en) * 1966-09-29 1970-12-15 Gen Electric Biconical log periodic amplifier

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3527976A (en) * 1966-09-29 1970-09-08 Gen Electric Log periodic electron discharge device
DE1541979B2 (de) * 1967-07-04 1972-02-10 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin u 8000 München Wanderfeld verstaerkerroehre mit einer periodische struktur aufweisenden v erzoegerungsleitung
DE2239459C3 (de) * 1972-08-10 1975-04-30 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Lauffeldröhre mit extrem niedriger Phasenverzerrung
US4147956A (en) * 1976-03-16 1979-04-03 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Wide-band coupled-cavity type traveling-wave tube

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR969886A (fr) * 1948-07-23 1950-12-27 Csf Perfectionnements aux tubes à onde progressante
US3548246A (en) * 1966-09-29 1970-12-15 Gen Electric Biconical log periodic amplifier

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Annales de Radioélectricité, no. 9 (1954) p. 311-328, A. Leblond et al. "Etude des lignes à barreaux à structure périodique, deuxième partie" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2460539B1 (de) 1981-11-27
JPS5613641A (en) 1981-02-10
DE3065992D1 (en) 1984-02-02
JPH0119224B2 (de) 1989-04-11
FR2460539A1 (fr) 1981-01-23
EP0022016A1 (de) 1981-01-07
US4371852A (en) 1983-02-01

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