EP0333568B1 - Mehrweg-Addierer/Verteiler - Google Patents

Mehrweg-Addierer/Verteiler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0333568B1
EP0333568B1 EP89400677A EP89400677A EP0333568B1 EP 0333568 B1 EP0333568 B1 EP 0333568B1 EP 89400677 A EP89400677 A EP 89400677A EP 89400677 A EP89400677 A EP 89400677A EP 0333568 B1 EP0333568 B1 EP 0333568B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radial
combiner
discs
divider according
divider
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89400677A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0333568A1 (de
Inventor
Guy Benahim
Jean-Michel Dutaut
Jean-Claude Giraudon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0333568A1 publication Critical patent/EP0333568A1/de
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Publication of EP0333568B1 publication Critical patent/EP0333568B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports

Definitions

  • the invention relates to devices for summing or combining N equiphase and equiamplitude microwave signals originating from N power amplifiers or channels; it also relates to these same devices in which a microwave signal is distributed or divided identically over N channels or channels.
  • the last power stages of microwave transmitters are increasingly produced using semiconductor devices.
  • the power supplied by the semiconductors does not yet reach that of the tubes, it is planned to combine the output signals from several identical channels to obtain the required power by addition. This combination or summation can be carried out in different ways.
  • This structure comprises for example a number k of divider couplers Dk to D1 arranged in series which divide the input power Pe in the ratios 1 / k and k / k + 1 so as to direct a power signal Pe / k + 1 to a G gain amplifier Ak and a power signal kPe / k + 1 to the input of the next coupler.
  • the amplified signals are recombined using k coupler couplers or adders C1 to Ck which have the same ratios defined above for the divider couplers D1 to Dk so as to add the signals which are applied to their two inputs.
  • Such a structure allows the use of amplifiers power A0 to Ak semiconductor whose output signals are combined in couplers Ck to C1 so that the power Pe of the signal at the input of the structure is multiplied by a gain G.
  • This structure has the major drawback of having significant insertion losses so that its efficiency rapidly decreases with the number of amplification channels used.
  • a structure of this type is for example described in RCA REVIEW, Vol. 47, No. 4 December 1986, pages 487-508, Princeton, NJ., USA; A. Fathy et al. : "Analysis and design of a 30 - way radial combine of ku-band applications”.
  • This structure has a high efficiency, of the order of 95%, but it can only be suitable for relatively low powers of the order of fifty watts in average value and one to two kilowatts in peak value in the center.
  • a structure of the radial type is used but in which the propagation of the waves takes place in a radial mode.
  • the structure comprises two parallel discs 10 and 11 which define between them a circular space 12 ending at the periphery of the discs by a wall 13.
  • the upper disc does not has no opening, but the lower disc 10 is open at its center to set up a coupler 16 whose central part 17 has a flared shape from a cylindrical bar 18 and whose lateral part 19 is of cylindrical shape with circular section, the rod-cylinder assembly forming a coxial line.
  • the signals penetrate the center of the disc and the effect of the flared part 17, called according to the English term "door knob", is to gradually modify the distribution of the electric field so that it propagates between the two discs 10 and 11.
  • the density of the electric field decreases as one moves away from the center and this results in a division by N when it is collected by N couplers 15.
  • Patent application GB 2,045,005 also describes a structure of the above type.
  • US-A-4,673,899 describes a completely different structure based on input, output waveguides and a radial waveguide intermediate, this structure comprising a device for removing unwanted modes containing radial slots corresponding to the different outputs.
  • This structure does not, however, respond to the problem that arises in the present invention, namely to produce a multichannel combiner / divider of the radial type which has improved decoupling so as to support an increased number of couplers which are not supplied without the risk of degradation of the amplifiers associated with the couplers supplied.
  • the invention relates to a multi-channel combiner / divider of the radial type as defined in claims 1 to 11.
  • the radial slots have a length which is an integer multiple of b / 4 and have an absorption resistance at each distance b / 4.
  • Each transmission channel is provided with a radial spine which extends from the center to the coupler and which can be of variable height.
  • the coupler is produced using a pallet which has the shape of an annular sector and which is surmounted by a radial spine whose height can be variable.
  • the upper disc When the radial slots do not extend to the center, the upper disc has radial slots which extend those of the lower disc.
  • Means are provided for absorbing the microwave energy which is radiated by the radial slots.
  • the roles of the upper and lower disks can be reversed.
  • the radial chines can be placed on each disc provided that they are not in contact.
  • the multi-channel combiner / divider according to the invention will be described in relation to FIGS. 6 to 9. It comprises, as in the structure of the prior art of FIGS. 4 and 5, two metallic discs of circular shape, one lower 20 and the other upper 21, which are separated from each other by a distance e imposed by the height of a peripheral wall or crown 22.
  • This wall 22, which rests on the lower disc 20, is metallic and of circular or polygonal shape.
  • the wall 22 serves to support and fix the two discs 20 and 21 by means of holes, tapped holes and associated screws which have not been shown.
  • the upper disc 21 is full but may have radial openings as will be explained below.
  • the lower disc 20 has a circular central opening 25 in the middle of which is arranged a cylindrical rod 26 of a valve-shaped element 27, a valve whose head 30 comes into contact with the upper disc 21 and is fixed there by any means known.
  • a sleeve or was cylindrical 29 which cooperates with the rod 26 to form a coaxial line.
  • the head 30 of the element 27 and in particular the flared part cooperates with the annular space 23 to produce an electromagnetic coupling between the coaxial line and said space 23.
  • the coupling is obtained by a progressive modification of the orientation of the electric field like show the arrows 31 representing the direction of said field.
  • radial slots 43 which extend not only over the radial length of the couplers 24 but which extend towards the center up to a certain distance from the edge. circular 28.
  • the length and width of the slots must be compatible with good mechanical strength not only of the lower disc 20, but also of the assembly since the latter supports the rest of the structure.
  • the radial slits have a length equal to 3b / 4 if b is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves.
  • These N 16 slots define between them N parallel channels which behave like ribbon or microstrip lines.
  • resistors 32 are arranged at a distance b / 4 from each end of the radial slots and are therefore separated from each other by b / 4 in the case of a slot of length 3b / 4.
  • Figures 8 and 9 correspond to a particular embodiment of a spine 33 associated with a coupler 24.
  • the spine 33 has from the center an inclined edge 34 which continues towards the periphery by a horizontal edge 35 whose height h is less than the distance e between the two discs 20 and 21.
  • the spines 33 are fixed to the lower disc 20 by a system of tapped holes 36 cooperating with screws and orifices of the lower disc 20 (not shown).
  • Each spine 33 comes into mechanical and electrical contact with an associated coupler 24 which is constituted by a metal pallet 37.
  • This pallet 37 has, in radial section, the general shape of the letter L, a branch 46 of which rests and is fixed on the disc. lower 20 and the other branch 42 of which is electrically connected to the central conductor of the coaxial connector 41.
  • the top of each pallet 37 is surmounted by a spine 38 which is arranged radially in the extension of the spine 33. In vertical section, this spine has an inclined edge 39 whose crest 40 overhangs the spine 33 and whose height decreases in the direction of the crown 22.
  • the electromagnetic coupling between each coaxial terminal 41 and the associated pallet is achieved by any known means and in particular by connecting the core 44 of the coaxial line 41 to the pallet (orifice 45) so as to produce a short-circuited triplate line at b / 4 (radial length of the pallet)
  • the electromagnetic coupling between each pallet 37 and the associated channel is obtained by a "Balun" type transformation between a symmetrical coaxial line and an asymmetrical line in radial TEM mode.
  • the radial slots extend between the crown and the central opening of the lower disc 20.
  • the radius of the discs is greater than 3b / 4
  • These new radial slots are located in vertical planes which also contain the radial slots of the lower disc so as to constitute the extension of these with or without overlap.
  • the invention has been described in relation to a particular embodiment, but it can be implemented more generally.
  • the roles of the upper and lower disks can be reversed while obtaining the results of the invention.
  • the radial slots can have lengths other than 3b / 4, for example b / 4, b / 2 or another integer multiple of b / 4. With these new slot lengths, the resistors are placed at distances b / 4 from each other along each slot.
  • the chines can be placed on each disc provided that they are not in electrical contact with each other.
  • the slots can be made on the upper disc instead of being on the lower disc.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Mehrweg-Vereiniger/Verteiler mit radialer Ausbreitung für Höchstfrequenzsignale der Wellenlänge b, mit:
    - einem Paar von metallischen Scheiben (20, 21), die Kreisform oder Polygonform besitzen und durch einen Zwischenraum (23) der Breite e getrennt sind, wobei eine der Scheiben eine kreisförmige mittige Öffnung (25) aufweist, in der ein Koppler (27) angeordnet ist;
    - einem peripheren Kranz (22), der an den beiden Scheiben befestigt ist und an dem in regelmäßigen Abständen N Anschlüsse (41) angeordnet sind;
    - N radialen Schlitzen (43) in einer der Scheiben, wobei die Schlitze beiderseits der N Anschlüsse (41) angeordnet sind und sich zwischen dem Kranz (22) und dem Rand (28) der kreisförmigen Öffnung erstrecken;
    wobei der Vereiniger/Verteiler dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Koppler (27) zwischen einer durch die kreisförmige mittige Öffnung (25) eintretenden Leitung und dem Zwischenraum (23) verwirklicht ist, daß die N Anschlüsse (41) Koaxialanschlüsse sind, die dazu geeignet sind, N Koaxialleitungen aufzunehmen, mit denen N im Zwischenraum befindliche Koppler (24) verbunden sind, um die Kopplung der elektromagnetischen Energie zwischen dem genannten Zwischenraum und den N Anschlüssen sicherzustellen, und daß sich die N radialen Schlitze über eine Länge in der Umgebung von b/4 oder eines ganzzahligen Vielfachen von b/4 erstrecken, um die benachbarten internen Koppler vollständig zu trennen, derart, daß im Inneren des Zwischenraums N getrennte Übertragungswege definiert sind.
  2. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ränder eines jeden radialen Schlitzes (43) über Widerstände (32) verbunden sind, die in gegenseitigen Abständen von b/4 angeordnet sind.
  3. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemaß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Übertragungsweg zwischen zwei radialen Schlitzen eine radiale Rippe (33) aufweist, die sich vom internen Koppler (24) zum Zentrum erstreckt.
  4. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die radiale Rippe (33) an wenigstens einer der zwei Scheiben (20, 21) befestigt ist.
  5. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe der radialen Rippe (33) kleiner als der Abstand e zwischen den beiden Scheiben (20, 21) ist.
  6. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß Anspruch 3, 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe der radialen Rippe (33) variabel ist.
  7. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder interne Koppler (24) von einer Schaufel (37) in Form eines L gebildet ist, wovon ein Schenkel (46) an einer der beiden Scheiben befestigt ist, während der andere (42) mit dem zentralen Leiter der Koaxialleitung elektrisch verbunden ist.
  8. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaufel (37) in der Verlängerung der radialen Rippe (33) des Übertragungsweges eine radiale Rippe (38) aufweist.
  9. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die radiale Rippe (38) der Schaufel (37) des internen Kopplers (24) einen schrägen Girat (39) aufweist, dessen Höhe zum Umfang abnimmt.
  10. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die radialen Schlitze in einer der beiden Scheiben (20) nicht bis zur mittigen Öffnung (25) erstrecken und daß die andere Scheibe radiale Schlitze aufweist, die in den vertikalen Ebenen der radialen Schlitze der ersten Scheibe angeordnet sind.
  11. Vereiniger/Verteiler gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die radialen Schlitze der anderen Scheibe teilweise die radialen Schlitze der ersten Scheibe überlappen.
EP89400677A 1988-03-18 1989-03-10 Mehrweg-Addierer/Verteiler Expired - Lifetime EP0333568B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8803526 1988-03-18
FR8803526A FR2628894B1 (fr) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Combineur diviseur multivoie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0333568A1 EP0333568A1 (de) 1989-09-20
EP0333568B1 true EP0333568B1 (de) 1993-12-15

Family

ID=9364393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89400677A Expired - Lifetime EP0333568B1 (de) 1988-03-18 1989-03-10 Mehrweg-Addierer/Verteiler

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4933651A (de)
EP (1) EP0333568B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2693807B2 (de)
AU (1) AU612802B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1312930C (de)
DE (1) DE68911343T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2047137T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2628894B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5142253A (en) * 1990-05-02 1992-08-25 Raytheon Company Spatial field power combiner having offset coaxial to planar transmission line transitions
CA2066887C (en) * 1991-05-06 1996-04-09 Harry Wong Flat cavity rf power divider
JPH05175712A (ja) * 1991-12-24 1993-07-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力合成・分配器
US5446426A (en) * 1994-12-27 1995-08-29 Industrial Technology Research Institute Microwave power combiner
US6839543B1 (en) 1996-09-09 2005-01-04 Victory Industrial Corporation Method and system for detecting and discriminating multipath signals
US6721161B2 (en) * 2001-03-21 2004-04-13 Iron Age Corporation Sole structure for electrostatic dissipative footwear and method of making same
US6982613B2 (en) * 2004-02-06 2006-01-03 L-3 Communications Corporation Radial power divider/combiner
US7482894B2 (en) * 2004-02-06 2009-01-27 L-3 Communications Corporation Radial power divider/combiner using waveguide impedance transformers
US7271680B2 (en) * 2005-06-29 2007-09-18 Intel Corporation Method, apparatus, and system for parallel plate mode radial pattern signaling
US7616058B1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2009-11-10 Raif Awaida Radio frequency power combining
US9065163B1 (en) * 2011-12-23 2015-06-23 Nuvotronics, Llc High frequency power combiner/divider
JP5630916B2 (ja) * 2012-01-19 2014-11-26 日本高周波株式会社 電力合成・分配器
WO2019055476A2 (en) 2017-09-14 2019-03-21 Cellencor, Inc. HIGH POWER SEMICONDUCTOR MICROWAVE GENERATOR FOR RADIO FREQUENCY ENERGY APPLICATIONS
CN107799859B (zh) * 2017-09-18 2020-04-10 西安空间无线电技术研究所 一种非级联任意奇数路微带功分器
US10770775B2 (en) 2018-06-08 2020-09-08 SAAB Defense and Security USA LLC t/a Sensor System Radial combiner
CN110311202A (zh) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-08 中电科仪器仪表有限公司 基于渐变脊的宽带脊波导功率合成器和功率合成器装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3023382A (en) * 1960-07-15 1962-02-27 Microwave Dev Lab Inc Inline waveguide to coaxial transition
JPS5136433U (de) * 1974-09-09 1976-03-18
US4263568A (en) * 1979-03-12 1981-04-21 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Large scale low-loss combiner and divider
GB2157504B (en) * 1984-03-21 1987-05-28 Plessey Co Plc Radially fed microwave signal combiner/distributor apparatus
US4673899A (en) * 1985-09-23 1987-06-16 General Electric Company H-plane stacked waveguide power divider/combiner
WO1987002186A1 (en) * 1985-10-03 1987-04-09 Hughes Aircraft Company Non-reactive radial line power divider/combiner with integral mode filters
JPS63300604A (ja) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-07 Fujitsu Ltd 電力分配／合成器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0333568A1 (de) 1989-09-20
AU3136289A (en) 1989-09-21
FR2628894A1 (fr) 1989-09-22
AU612802B2 (en) 1991-07-18
DE68911343D1 (de) 1994-01-27
ES2047137T3 (es) 1994-02-16
JP2693807B2 (ja) 1997-12-24
DE68911343T2 (de) 1994-04-21
CA1312930C (fr) 1993-01-19
JPH02230802A (ja) 1990-09-13
FR2628894B1 (fr) 1990-03-23
US4933651A (en) 1990-06-12

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