EP0235121B1 - Verbrennungskraftmaschine - Google Patents
Verbrennungskraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0235121B1 EP0235121B1 EP19870890035 EP87890035A EP0235121B1 EP 0235121 B1 EP0235121 B1 EP 0235121B1 EP 19870890035 EP19870890035 EP 19870890035 EP 87890035 A EP87890035 A EP 87890035A EP 0235121 B1 EP0235121 B1 EP 0235121B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valves
- combustion engine
- valve
- camshaft
- combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
- F01L1/262—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with valve stems disposed radially from a centre which is substantially the centre of curvature of the upper wall surface of a combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
- F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
- F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
- F01L2003/256—Valve configurations in relation to engine configured other than perpendicular to camshaft axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
- F02F2001/246—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis and orientated radially from the combustion chamber surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with at least one row of cylinders with closely spaced combustion chambers, each combustion chamber containing three valves.
- DE-A-3 342 115 relates to a valve actuation mechanism of a three-valve internal combustion engine, the two valves having the same function being aligned parallel to one another, so that a roof-shaped combustion chamber is created with the third valve at an oblique angle to it.
- This shape of the combustion chamber is unfavorable because of the highly eccentric position of the spark plug, since the combustion paths are of different lengths.
- the most advantageous shape of the combustion chamber is a spherical cap, which, however, requires a radial valve arrangement in which the valve stems protrude very far from the cylinder bore, so that this system is only uneconomical for single cylinders, as disclosed in GB-A-695 546, or for multi-cylinder in-line engines cylinders far apart can be used.
- the object of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages and to provide an internal combustion engine with closely spaced combustion chambers and a radial valve arrangement.
- the invention solves the problem in that the valves are arranged freely suspended, the axes of which intersect approximately the center of the combustion chamber and, viewed in plan view, form a "Y" which is normal to the longitudinal axis of the internal combustion engine, in that the position of the valves is adjacent to one another in the combustion chambers Cylinder is rotated by 180 ° and that the shaft ends of the individual valves to the left and right of the longitudinal axis of the internal combustion engine each form a valve row, in the planes of which there is a camshaft, which the valves standing at an oblique angle to the camshaft axis via conical cams acting on the tappet operated.
- conical cams are cranked in their elevation region in the direction of the valve axis, and that the valve clearance of the valves which are at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the camshaft is adjusted by axially displacing the individual cams on the camshaft.
- spark plug is arranged approximately in the middle of the combustion chamber.
- a final feature of the invention is that each of the two valves standing at an oblique angle to the camshaft axis is assigned its own channel.
- the cylinder heads have a hemispherical combustion chamber 1, 2 and are each formed with three valves 3, 4, of which the two smaller ones take over the inlet function, while the remaining one falls into the exhaust or vice versa.
- the axes of the individual valve stems 3 ', 4' intersect approximately the vertical axis of the cylinder 1 'and, viewed in plan, form a "Y".
- the two intake valves 4 protrude from the cylinder bore in the longitudinal axis of the engine.
- the valve arrangement in the adjacent combustion chamber 2 is rotated by 180 °, so that intake ports 7 and exhaust ports 6 alternate in the cylinder head.
- valves are controlled by two camshafts 8 placed in the planes formed by the valve stems, which open the outlet valves 3 which are perpendicular to the camshaft axis by means of cylindrical cams 10 "acting on tappets 3", while the inlet valves 4 operate by means of conical tappets 4 " Cam 9 are operated. This makes it possible to adjust the valve clearance by axially displacing the individual cams 9 on the camshaft 8.
- the spark plug 5 is almost in the middle of the combustion chamber 1, 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit wenigstens einer Zylinderreihe mit eng aneinanderliegenden Brennräumen, wobei jeder Brennraum drei Ventile enthält.
- Verbrennungskraftmaschinen mit drei Ventilen je Brennraum sind an sich bekannt.
- Die DE-A-3 342 115 betrifft einen Ventil-Betätigungsmechanismus einer Drei-Ventil-Brennkraftmaschine, wobei die beiden Ventile gleicher Funktion parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind, so daß mit dem im schrägen Winkel dazu stehenden dritten Ventil ein dachförmiger Brennraum entsteht. Diese Brennraumform ist wegen der stark außermittigen Lage der Zündkerze ungünstig, da die Brennwege unterschiedlich lang werden. Die vorteilhafteste Brennraumform bildet eine Kugelkalotte, die jedoch eine radiale Ventilanordnung erfordert, bei der die Ventilschäfte die Zylinderbohrung sehr weit überragen, so daß dieses System nur bei einzelnstehenden Zylindern, wie in der GB-A-695 546 geoffenbart, oder bei mehrzylindrigen Reihenmotoren mit unwirtschaftlich weit voneinander entfernten Zylindern angewandt werden kann.
- Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile zu beseitigen und eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit eng aneinanderliegenden Brennräumen und radialer Ventilanordnung zu schaffen. Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe dadurch, daß die Ventile frei hängend angeordnet sind, deren Achsen sich in etwa der Brennraummitte schneiden und in Draufsicht betrachtet ein normal auf die Längsachse der Verbrennungskraftmaschine stehendes «Y» bilden, daß die Lage der Ventile zueinander in den Brennräumen benachbarter Zylinder jeweils um 180° verdreht ist und daß die Schaftenden der einzelnen Ventile links und rechts der Längsachse der Verbrennungskraftmaschine je eine Ventilreihe bilden, in deren Ebenen je eine Nockenwelle liegt, welche die im schrägen Winkel zur Nockenwellenachse stehenden Ventile über konische, auf Tassenstößel wirkende Nocken betätigt.
- Durch diesen Wechsel der Ventilanordnung innerhalb benachbarter Brennräume wird es ermöglicht, daß die über die Zylinderbohrung hinausreichenden Ventile in den Freiraum des benachbarten Zylinders ragen.
- Ein weiteres Merkmal der Erfindung ist es, daß die konischen Nocken in ihrem Erhebungsbereich in Richtung der Ventilachse vorgekröpft sind, und daß das Ventilspiel der schräg zur Nockenwellenlängsachse stehenden Ventile durch axiales Verschieben der einzelnen Nocken auf der Nockenwelle eingestellt wird.
- Ein anderes Merkmal der Erfindung ist es, daß die Zündkerze annähernd in der Mitte des Brennraumes angeordnet ist.
- Ein abschließendes Merkmal der Erfindung ist es, daß jedem der beiden im schrägen Winkel zur Nokkenwellenachse stehenden Ventile ein eigener Kanal zugeordnet ist.
- Die Erfindung ist in einem Ausführungsbeispiel schematisch dargestellt.
- Fig. 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch den erfindungsgemäßen Zylinderkopf eines Reihenmotors,
- Fig. 2 zeigt die Draufsicht durch denselben Zylinderkopf,
- Fig. 3 veranschaulicht einen Querschnitt nach Linie A/A der Fig. 1 und 2.
- In Fig. 1 und 2 werden lediglich die bewegten Teile dargestellt, während in Fig. 3 der Zylinderkopf teilweise durchsichtig gedacht ist.
- Die Zylinderköpfe weisen einen halbkugelförmigen Verbrennungsraum 1, 2 auf und sind mit je drei Ventilen 3, 4 ausgebildet, von denen die beiden kleineren die Einlaßfunktion übernehmen, während dem verbleibenden der Auspuff zufällt oder umgekehrt.
- Die Achsen der einzelnen Ventilschäfte 3', 4' verschneiden sich in etwa der Hochachse des Zylinders 1' und bilden im Grundriß betrachtet ein «Y». Dabei überragen die beiden Einlaßventile 4 die Zylinderbohrung in Motorlängsachse. Um das Kollidieren der einzelnen Ventilfedern und Tassenstößel 4" zu verhindern, wird die Ventilanordnung im benachbarten Brennraum 2 um 180° verdreht, so daß sich im Zylinderkopf Einlaßkanäle 7 und Auslaßkanäle 6 abwechseln.
- Die Steuerung der Ventile erfolgt durch zwei in die durch die Ventilschäfte gebildeten Ebenen gelegten Nockenwellen 8, welche die senkrecht zur Nockenwellenachse stehenden Auslaßventile 3 durch zylindrische auf Tassenstößel 3" wirkende Nocken 10 öffnen, während die Einlaßventile 4 mittels konischer, ebenfalls auf Tassenstößel 4" wirkenden Nocken 9 betätigt werden. Damit wird es möglich, das Ventilspiel durch axiales Verschieben der Einzelnocken 9 auf der Nockenwelle 8 einzustellen.
- Die Zündkerze 5 liegt bei dieser Art der Ventilanordnung nahezu in der Mitte des Brennraumes 1, 2.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT442/86 | 1986-02-20 | ||
| AT44286A AT404388B (de) | 1986-02-20 | 1986-02-20 | Brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0235121A1 EP0235121A1 (de) | 1987-09-02 |
| EP0235121B1 true EP0235121B1 (de) | 1989-07-05 |
Family
ID=3490718
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19870890035 Expired EP0235121B1 (de) | 1986-02-20 | 1987-02-20 | Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0235121B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | AT404388B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3760298D1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5016592A (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1991-05-21 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushika Kaisha | Cylinder head and valve train arrangement for multiple valve engine |
| GB8928386D0 (en) * | 1989-12-15 | 1990-02-21 | Ricardo Group Plc | Internal combustion engine |
| US5501191A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1996-03-26 | Feuling; James J. | Combustion chamber system having an improved valve arrangement |
| IT1293668B1 (it) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-03-08 | Fiat Ricerche | Motore a combustione interna ad accensione comandata con camera di combustione dotata di tre valvole e candela centrale. |
| JPH11182330A (ja) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-07-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 直噴火花点火式内燃機関 |
| DE102008019242B4 (de) * | 2008-04-17 | 2020-06-04 | Audi Ag | Ventiltrieb für Gaswechselventile einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE102010026440B4 (de) | 2010-07-08 | 2023-06-01 | Kurt Imren Yapici | Dreiventilzylinderkopf für Mehrzylindermotoren |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB695546A (en) * | 1950-04-19 | 1953-08-12 | Associated Motor Cycles Ltd | Improvements relating to high performance air-cooled internal combustion engines |
| GB967697A (en) * | 1962-08-23 | 1964-08-26 | Vauxhall Motors Ltd | Internal combustion engine valve gear |
| GB1322429A (en) * | 1970-08-07 | 1973-07-04 | Fiat Spa | Internal combustion reciprocating engine with three valves per cylinder |
| DE3125077A1 (de) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München | Zweizylinder-viertakt-boxermotor, insbesondere fahrtwindluftgekuehlt fuer motorraeder |
| JPS5996406A (ja) * | 1982-11-24 | 1984-06-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 3弁式内燃機関における動弁装置 |
| AT382933B (de) * | 1984-03-14 | 1987-04-27 | Weichsler Hermann | Ventilbetaetigung fuer hubkolben - brennkraftmaschinen |
| AT399021B (de) * | 1985-03-18 | 1995-03-27 | Weichsler Hermann | Ventilsteuerung für brennkraftmaschinen |
-
1986
- 1986-02-20 AT AT44286A patent/AT404388B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-02-20 EP EP19870890035 patent/EP0235121B1/de not_active Expired
- 1987-02-20 DE DE8787890035T patent/DE3760298D1/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0235121A1 (de) | 1987-09-02 |
| ATA44286A (de) | 1998-03-15 |
| DE3760298D1 (en) | 1989-08-10 |
| AT404388B (de) | 1998-11-25 |
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