EP0232363A1 - Ethers de polyphenylene fonctionnalises et leurs procedes de preparation et d'utilisation. - Google Patents
Ethers de polyphenylene fonctionnalises et leurs procedes de preparation et d'utilisation.Info
- Publication number
- EP0232363A1 EP0232363A1 EP86905010A EP86905010A EP0232363A1 EP 0232363 A1 EP0232363 A1 EP 0232363A1 EP 86905010 A EP86905010 A EP 86905010A EP 86905010 A EP86905010 A EP 86905010A EP 0232363 A1 EP0232363 A1 EP 0232363A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polyphenylene ether
- ether
- acid
- polyamide
- polyphenylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08L71/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08L71/12—Polyphenylene oxides
- C08L71/126—Polyphenylene oxides modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08L71/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08L71/12—Polyphenylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
Definitions
- This invention relates to the functionalization of polyphenylene ethers, and to uses for the polyphenylene ethers so functionalized.
- compositions comprising polyphenylene ethers (also known as polyphenylene oxides) and polyamides or linear polyesters, illustrated by Nylon-6, Nylon-66, poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(butylene terephthal- ate), are of interest because of their high solvent resis ⁇ tance and potentially high impact strength.
- polyphenylene ethers also known as polyphenylene oxides
- polyamides or linear polyesters illustrated by Nylon-6, Nylon-66, poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(butylene terephthal- ate)
- compositions comprising polyphen ⁇ ylene ethers and polyamides, having high impact strength and solvent resistance, may be prepared by melt blending the two polymers with various olefinic or acetylenic carboxylic acids, functional derivatives thereof or other function- alized compounds, and optionally with impact modifiers such as high impact polystyrenes and partially hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers.
- Japanese Kokai 84/66452 describes similar compositions prepared by using a polyphen ⁇ ylene ether which has been pretreated with a similar olefin- ic compound in the mandatory presence of a free radical initiator.
- a principal object of the present invention is to provide functionalized polyphenylene ethers which form compatible compositions .when blended with such polymers as polyamides and linear polyesters.
- a further object is to provide polyphenylene ether-polyamide compositions having high impact strength and solvent resistance.
- the present invention is directed to a method for functionalizing a polyphenylene ether which comprises mixing said polyphenylene ether in the melt, in the absence of free radical initiators, with at least one functionalizing compound having within its molec ⁇ ular structure at least one carbon-carbon double or triple bond and at least one carboxylic acid, acid anhydride, acid amide, i ide, ester, amino or hydroxy group.
- polyphenylene ethers used in the present invention are a well known class of polymers. They are widely used in industry, especially as engineering plastics in applications requiring toughness and heat resistance. Since their discovery, they have given rise to numerous variations and modifications all of which are applicable to the present invention, including but not limited to those described hereinafter.
- the polyphenylene ethers comprise a plurality of structural units having the formula
- each Q is independ ⁇ ently halogen, primary or secondary lower alkyl (i.e., alkyl containing up to 7 carbon atoms), phenyl, haloalkyl, amino- alkyl, hydrocarbonoxy, or halohydrocarbonoxy wherein at least two carbon atoms separate the halogen and oxygen
- each Q is independently hydrogen, halogen, pri ⁇ mary or secondary lower alkyl, phenyl, haloalkyl, hydro ⁇ carbonoxy or halohydrocarbonoxy as defined for Q .
- suitable primary lower alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-amyl, isoamyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methylpentyl and the corresponding heptyl groups.
- secondary lower alkyl groups are isopropyl, sec-butyl and 3-pentyl.
- any alkyl radicals are straight chain rather than branched. Most often, each is alkyl or phenyl, especial-
- Suitable homopolymers are those con- taining, for example, 2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene ether units.
- Suitable copolymers include random copolymers con ⁇ taining such units in combination with (for example) 2,3,6- trimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether units.
- Many suitable random copolymers, as well as homopolymers, are disclosed in the patent literature.
- polyphenylene ethers containing moieties which modify properties such as molecular weight, melt viscosity and/or impact strength.
- Such polymers are described in the patent literature and may be prepared by grafting onto the polyphenylene ether in known manner such vinyl monomers as acrylonitrile and vinylaromatic compounds (e.g., styrene), or such polymers as polystyrenes and elastomers.
- the product typically contains both grafted and ungrafted- moieties.
- Suitable polymers are the coupled polyphenylene ethers in which the coupling agent is reacted in known manner with the hydroxy groups of two polyphenylene ether chains to produce a higher molecular weight polymer containing the reactioij product of the hydroxy groups and the coupling agent.
- Illustrative coupling agents are low molecular weight polycarbonates, quinones, heterocycles and formals.
- the polyphenylene ether generally has a number average molecular weight within the range of about 3,000- 40,000 and a weight average molecular weight within the range of about 20,000-80,000, as determined by ' gel permea ⁇ tion chromatography. Its intrinsic viscosity is most often in the range of about 0.35-0.6 dl./g., as measured in chloroform at 25°C.
- the polyphenylene ethers are typically prepared by the oxidative coupling of at least one corresponding mono- hydroxyaromatic compound.
- Particularly useful and readily available monohydroxyaromatic compounds are 2,6-xylenol (wherein each 1 is methyl and each Q2 is hydrogen), where ⁇ upon the polymer may be characterized as a poly(2,6-di- methyl-l,4-phenylene ether), and 2,3,6-trimethylphenol
- each Q 1 and one 2 is methyl and the other Q2 is hydrogen
- a variety of catalyst systems are known for the . preparation of polyphenylene ethers by oxidative coupling. There is no particular limitation as to catalyst choice and any of the known catalysts can be used. For the most part, they contain at least one heavy metal compound such as a copper, manganese or cobalt compound, usually in combination with various other materials.
- a first class of preferred catalyst systems con ⁇ sists of those containing a copper compound.
- Such catalysts are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patents 3,306,874, ' 3,306,875, 3,914,266 and 4,028,341. They are usually com ⁇ binations of cuprous or cupric ions, halide (i.e., chloride, bromide or iodide) ions and at least one amine.
- Catalyst systems containing manganese compounds constitute a second preferred class. They are generally alkaline systems in which divalent manganese is combined with such anions as halide, alkoxide or phenoxide.
- the manganese is present as a complex with one or more complexing and/or chelating agents such as dialkyl- amines, alkanolamines, alkylenediamines, o-hydroxyaromatic aldehydes, o-hydroxyazo compounds, ⁇ -hydroxyoximes (mono- meric and polymeric), o-hydroxyaryl oximes and ⁇ -diketones.
- complexing and/or chelating agents such as dialkyl- amines, alkanolamines, alkylenediamines, o-hydroxyaromatic aldehydes, o-hydroxyazo compounds, ⁇ -hydroxyoximes (mono- meric and polymeric), o-hydroxyaryl oximes and ⁇ -diketones.
- cobalt-containing catalyst systems Suitable manganese and cobalt-containing catalyst systems for polyphenylene ether preparation are- known in the art by reason of disclosure in numerous.patents and publications. Particularly useful polyphenylene ethers for the purposes
- each R1 is independently hydrogen or alkyl, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in both R radicals is 6 or
- each R is independently hydrogen or a C, fi pri ⁇ mary alkyl radical.
- each R is hydrogen and
- each R is alkyl, especially methyl or n-butyl.
- Polymers containing the aminoalkyl-substituted end groups of formula II may be obtained by incorporating an appropriate primary or " secondary monoamine as one of the constituents of the oxidative coupling reaction mixture, especially when a copper- or manganese-containing catalyst is used.
- Such amines, especially the dialkylamines and preferably di-n-butylamine and dimethylamine frequently become chemically bound to the polyphenylene ether, most often by replacing one of the ⁇ -hydrogen atoms on one or more Q radicals.
- the principal site of reaction is the Q radical adjacent to the hydroxy group on the terminal unit of the polymer chain.
- the aminoalkyl-substituted end groups may undergo various reactions, probably involving a quinone methide-type intermediate of the formula
- polyphenylene ethers contem ⁇ plated for use in the present invention include all those presently known, irrespective of variations in structural units or ancillary chemical features.
- the functionalizing compound employed according to the present invention contains one or more carbon-carbon double and/or triple bonds in combina- tion with various functional .groups including amino, hy ⁇ droxy, carboxylic acid .and carboxylic acid derivative groups.
- Illustrative " compounds of this type are maleic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, maleimides such as N-phenylmaleimide and 1,4-phenylene-bis-methylene- ⁇ ,o'- bismaleimide, maleic hydrazide, methylnadic anhydride, fatty oils (e.g., soybean oil, tung oil, linseed oil, sesame oil), unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, crotonic acid, methacrylic acid and oleic acid, unsaturated alcohols such as allyl alcohol and crotyl alcohol and unsaturated amines such as allylamine.
- the preferred compounds are maleic anhydride, maleimides and fumaric acid, particularly the latter by reason of its availability, relative no ⁇ -tox- icity and low activity as a skin and eye irritant.
- the functionalized polyphenylene ethers may be conveniently prepared by merely blending the two reagents under conditions adapted for the formation of an intimate blend, and at temperatures high enough to prepare a melt. Typical temperatures are within the range of about 230-390°CJ.
- the proportions of polyphenylene ether and func ⁇ tionalizing compound are not critical, provided the func- tionalizing compound is used in minor proportions compared to the polyphenylene ether. Most often, about 0.01-5.0 parts and preferably about 0.1-3.0 parts of functionalizing agent are present per 100 parts of polyphenylene ether.
- the mixing conditions often include extrusion, which may be conveniently effected in a screw-type or similar extruder which supplies a substantial shearing force to the composition. In certain instances, ' it may be advan ⁇ tageous to vacuum vent the extruder by connecting the vent thereof to a vacuum pump capable of drawing a vacuum of about 20 torr or less. It is also, sometimes found advanta ⁇ geous to extrude the mixture more than once, thereby ensur ⁇ ing effective blending.
- the principal reaction is more likely a thermally initiated free radical interac ⁇ tion of the carbon-carbon double or triple bonds with the aromatic rings or the substituents thereon, especially the latter, to produce a product which may include single moieties and/or grafted side chains derived from the func ⁇ tionalizing agent.
- the invention is in no way dependent on theory.
- a principal utility of the functionalized polyphenylene ethers of this invention is in the preparation of polyphenylene ether-poly ⁇ amide compositions.
- Such compositions may also contain other resinous materials such as polystyrenes and impact modifying resins, and it is frequently preferred to melt- blend at least one such other resinous material, especially an impact modifier, with the polyphenylene ether and the functionalizing compound.
- polystyrene as used herein includes resins comprising polymers which contain at least 25% by weight of structural units derived from a monomer of the formula
- R s y rogen, o wer a y or halogen; Z is vinyl, halogen or lower alkyl; and p is from 0 to 5.
- These resins include homopoly ers of styrene, chlorostyrene and vinyltoluene, random copolymers of styrene with one or more monomers illustrated by acrylonitrile, butadiene, o-methyl- styrene, ethylvinylbenzene, divinylbenzene and maleic anhydride, and rubber-modified polystyrenes comprising blends and grafts, wherein the rubber is a polybutadiene or a rubbery copolymer of about 98-70% styrene and about 2-30% diene monomer.
- These rubber-modified polystyrenes include high impact polystyrene, or HIPS.
- Impact modifiers for polyphenylene ether-polyamide compositions are well known in the art. They are typically derived from one or ' more monomers selected from the group consisting of olefins, vinyl aromatic monomers, acrylic and alkylacrylic acids and their ester derivatives as well as conjugated dienes. Especially preferred impact modifiers are the rubbery high-molecular weight materials including natural .and synthetic polymeric materials showing elasticity at room temperature. They include both homopolymers and copolymers, including random, block, radial block, graft and core-shell copolymers as well as combinations thereof.
- Polyolefins or olefin-based copolymers employable in the invention include low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene, poly(1-butene) , poly(4-methyl- 1-pentene), propylene-ethylene copolymers and the like.
- Additional olefin copolymers include copolymers of one or more o-olefins, particularly ethylene, with copolymerizable monomers including, for example, vinyl acetate, acrylic acids and alkylacrylic acids as well as the ester deriva ⁇ tives thereof including, for example, ethylene-acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate and the like.
- copolymerizable monomers including, for example, vinyl acetate, acrylic acids and alkylacrylic acids as well as the ester deriva ⁇ tives thereof including, for example, ethylene-acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate and the like.
- the ionomer resins which may be wholly or partially neutralized with metal ions.
- a particularly useful class of impact modifiers are those derived from the vinyl aromatic monomers. These include AB and ABA type block and radial block copolymers and vinyl
- An especially preferred subclass of vinyl aromatic monomer-derived resins is the block copolymers comprising monoalkenyl arene (usually styrene) blocks and conjugated diene (e.g., butadiene or isoprene) or olefin (e.g., ethy- lene-propylene, ethylene-butylene) blocks and represented as AB and ABA block copolymers.
- the conjugated diene blocks may be partially or entirely hydrogenated, whereupon the properties are similar to the olefin block copolymers.
- Suitable AB type block copolymers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Patents 3,078,254; 3,402,159;
- AE block copolymers there may be given: polystyrene-polybutadiene (SBR) polystyrene-polyisoprene and poly(alpha-methylstyrene)-polybutadiene.
- SBR polystyrene-polybutadiene
- AB block copolymers are available commercially from a number of sources, including Phillips Petroleum under the trademark SOLPRENE.
- ABA triblock copolymers and process ⁇ es for their production as well as hydrogenation, if de ⁇ sired, are disclosed in U.S.
- triblock copolymers include: polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (SBS), polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene (SIS), poly( ⁇ -methylstyrene)-polybutadiene-poly- ( ⁇ -methy1styrene) and pol ( ⁇ -methylstyrene)-polyisoprene-poly- ( ⁇ -methylstyrene) .
- SBS polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene
- SIS polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene
- Particularly preferred triblock copolymers are available commercially as CARIFLEX®, KRATON D® and KRATON G® from Shell.
- conjugated dienes Another class of impact modifiers is derived from conjugated dienes. While many copolymers containing conju ⁇ gated dienes have been discussed above, additional conjugat- ed diene modifier resins include, for example, homopolymers and copolymers of one or more conjugated dienes including, for example, polybutadiene, butadiene-styrene copolymers, isoprene-isobutylene copolymers, chlorobutadiene polymers, butadiene->acrylonitrile copolymers, polyisoprene, and the . like. Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubbers may also be used.
- EPDM's are typified as comprising predominantly ethylene units, a moderate amount of propylene. units and up to about 20 mole percent of non-conjugated diene monomer units.
- Many such EPDM's and processes for the production thereof are disclosed in U.S. Patents 2,933,480; 3,000,866; 3,407,158; 3,093,621 and 3,379,701, incorporated herein by reference.
- Suitable impact modifiers are the core-shell type graft copolymers.
- these have a predomi- nantly conjugated diene rubbery core or a predominantly cross-linked acrylate rubbery core and one or more shells polymerized thereon and derived from monoalkenylarene and/or acrylic monomers alone or, preferably, in combination with other vinyl monomers.
- core-shell copolymers are widely available commercially, for example, from Rohm and Haas
- -Also useful are the core.-shell copolymers wherein an interpenetrating network of the resins employed charac ⁇ terizes the interface between the core and shell.
- Espec ⁇ ially preferred in this regard are the ASA type copolymers available from General Electric Company and sold as GELOYTM resin and described in U.S. Patent 3,944,631.
- Suitable impact modifiers include Thiokol rubber, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane rubber, polyether rubber (e.g., polypropylene oxide), epichlorohydrin rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, thermoplastic polyester elastomers and thermoplastic ether- ester elastomers.
- the proportion of impact modifier or other resin ⁇ ous material is subject to wide variation. Generally, about 1-150 parts by weight of styrene homopolymer or HIPS is employed per 100 parts of polyphenylene ether. Impact modifiers such as diblock or triblock copolymers are usually present in an amount up to about 50 parts per 100 parts of polyphenylene ether.
- the preparation of the functionalized polypheny ⁇ lene ethers of this invention is illustrated by the follow- ing examples. All parts and percentages are by weight.
- the polyphenylene ether used in these examples was a poly-(2,6- dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) having a number average molecular weight of about 20,000 and an intrinsic viscosity in chloroform at 25°C of 0.48-0.49 dl./g. Examples 1-3
- the products were the desired functionalized polyphenylene ethers.
- Example 4 - 0.7 part
- Example 5 - 1.5 parts.
- Examples 6-10
- Example 6 75% of a triblock copolymer similar to that of Example 1 but with a somewhat higher molecular weight, 25% of an EPDM rubber.
- Example 7 100% of the triblock copolymer of
- Example 6 Example 8 - 75% of the triblock copolymer of
- Example 1 25% of the EPDM rubber of Example 6.
- Example 9 - 75% of a partially hydrogenated styrene-isoprene (26:74) diblock copolymer, 25% of the EPDM rubber of Example 6.
- Example 10 - 100% of the diblock copolymer of Example* 9,
- the functionalized polyphen ⁇ ylene ethers prepared by the method of this invention are useful in the preparation of blends of polyphenylene ethers with polyamides and linear polyesters.
- another aspect of the invention is a method for preparing a polyphenylene ether-polyamide composition which comprises:
- Suitable polyamides may be made by any known method, including the polymerization of a monoamino-mono- carboxylic acid or a lactam thereof having at least 2 carbon atoms between the amino and carboxylic acid group, of substantially equimolar proportions of a diamine which contains at least 2 carbon atoms between the amino groups and a dicarboxylic acid, or of a monoaminocarboxylic acid or a lactam thereof as defined above together with substantial ⁇ ly equimolar proportions of a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid.
- the dicarboxylic acid may be used in the form of a functional derivative thereof, for example, an ester or acid chloride.
- Examples of the aforementioned monoamino-monocar- boxylic acids or ' lactams thereof which are useful in prepar ⁇ ing the polyamides include those compounds containing from 2 to 16 carbon atoms between the amino and carboxylic acid groups, said carbon atoms forming a ring with the -CO-NH- group in the case of a lactam.
- aminocarboxylic acids and lactams there may be mentioned ⁇ -aminocaproic acid, butyrolactam, pivalolactam, ⁇ -caprolac- tarn, capryllactam, enantholactam, undecanolactam, dodecan- olactam and 3- and 4-aminobenzoic acids.
- Diamines suitable for use in the preparation of the polyamides include the straight chain and branched chain alkyl, aryl and alkaryl dia ines. Such diamines include, for example, those represented by the general formula
- n is an integer of from 2 to 16.
- Illustrative diamines are trimethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine, hexamethyl- enediamine (which is often preferred), trimethylhexameth- ylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine and m-xylylenediamine.
- the dicarboxylic acids may be represented by the formula
- Y is a divalent aliphatic or aromatic group contain ⁇ ing at least 2'carbon atoms.
- alipha'tic acids are sebacic acid', octadecanedioic acid, suberic acid, glu- taric acid, pimelic acid and adipic acid.
- Aromatic acids such as isophthalic and terephthalic acids, are preferred.
- polyamides or nylons as these are often called, include, for example, polyamide-6,
- Preferred polyamides are polyamide-6, 66, 11 and 12, most preferably polyamide-66.
- Linear polyesters which may be blended with the functionalized polyphenylene ethers include thermoplastic poly(alkylene dicarboxylates) and alicyclic analogs thereof. They typically comprise structural units of the formula
- R is a saturated divalent aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radical containing about 2-10 and usually about 2-6 carbon atoms and A is a divalent aromatic radical containing about 6-20 carbon atoms.
- A is a divalent aromatic radical containing about 6-20 carbon atoms.
- They are ordinarily prepared by the reaction of at least one diol such as ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol or 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol with at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as isoph ⁇ thalic or terephthalic acid, or lower alkyl ester thereof.
- the polyalkylene " terephthalates, particularly polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate and especially the latter, are preferred.
- Such polyesters are known in the art as illustrated by the following patents:
- the polyphenylene ether which is blended with the polyamide or polyester may be solely functionalized poly- phenylene ether prepared by the method of this invention. However, it is also contemplated to include both function ⁇ alized and unfunctionalized polyphenylene ether in the blend, the latter being present in an amount up to about 90% by weight of total polyphenylene ether.
- the polyphenylene ether-polyamide or polyester blend generally contains about 5-75% by weight polyphenylene ether and about 25-95% poly- amide or polyester.
- the method of this invention for preparing polyphenylene ether-polyamide compositions there is also blended into said composition at least one of the previously identified impact modifiers.
- the impact modifier may be introduced at any time during the blending operation, or over an extended time period separate from or concurrent with the addition of other blend constituents. It is preferred, however, to complete addition of the impact modifier before beginning polyamide addition. More preferably, all of the impact modifier is blended with the polyphenylene ether concurrent with functionalization thereof (i.e., during step A), as described hereinabove. Blending may be achieved by known methods, typi ⁇ cally involving melt blending a'nd extrusion.
- the functionalized polyphenylene ether is prepared in a first extruder, preferably in the presence of the impact modifier as previously noted, and subsequently blended in a second extruder with the remaining constitu ⁇ ents, including polyamide and any unfunctionalized polyphen ⁇ ylene ether.
- a blend containing the functionalized polypheny ⁇ lene ether of Example 1, in combination with unfunctional- ized polyphenylene ether, polyamide and impact modifier, was prepared by extrusion on a Werner-Pfleiderer twin screw extruder at 300 rpm. and 285°C..
- the polyamide was a pre-dried polyamide-66 having a number average molecular weight of about 20,000 and a moisture content after drying less than 0.2% by weight.
- the impact modifier was a non- hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer having a styrene-butadiene ratio of 28:72 and a number average molecular weight of about 80,000.
- Polyphenylene ether-polyamide compositions con ⁇ taining the products of Examples 2-3 were prepared by .extrusion as described in Example 6.
- the relative propor ⁇ tions and parameters are given in Table III.
- the controls are blends prepared similarly, but not containing the functionalized polyphenylene ethers.
- Polyphenylene ether-polyamide compositions con ⁇ taining the functionalized polyphenylene ethers of Examples 4-5, in combination with the polyamide of Example 11 and the impact modifier of Examples 1-3, were prepared by tumble mixing the ingredients on a roll mill for 30 minutes and extruding in a Welding Engineers twin screw extruder at 400 rpm. and 288°C, with full vacuum vent. The relative para ⁇ meters and test results are given in Table IV. The controls were prepared similarly, using unfunctionalized polypheny ⁇ lene ether and including fumaric acid in the blends.
- Polyphenylene ether composition - ' Unfunctionalized -- -- 49 .49 ' 49
- Block copolymer 10 10 10 Fumaric acid -- 0.15 0.35 0.7
- Izod impact strength (notched), 748 721 ⁇ 50 ( 50 ⁇ 50 joules/m.
- Blends are prepared by the procedures of Examples 11-15, substituting for the polyamide-66 a similar polyam- ide-6. Comparable results are obtained. Examples 21-25
- Example 11 By a procedure similar to that of Example 11, 58.6 parts of a functionalized polyphenylene ether (containing impact modifier) was extruded with 40 parts of a polyamide- 66 and 0.4 part of a hindered phenol stabilizer. The extrudates were molded into test specimens and various physical properties were determined. Comparison was made with controls in which the same ingredients were blended and subjected to a single extrusion. The results are given in Table V, with corresponding controls designated "C".
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Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL8502116 | 1985-07-24 | ||
NL8502116A NL8502116A (nl) | 1985-07-24 | 1985-07-24 | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van een polymeermengsel, dat een polyfenyleen ether en een polyamide bevat. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0232363A1 true EP0232363A1 (fr) | 1987-08-19 |
EP0232363B1 EP0232363B1 (fr) | 1990-04-04 |
Family
ID=19846355
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86905010A Expired - Lifetime EP0232363B1 (fr) | 1985-07-24 | 1986-07-23 | Ethers de polyphenylene fonctionnalises et leurs procedes de preparation et d'utilisation |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4888397A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0232363B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2562137B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR940011161B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU602311B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR8606822A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3670091D1 (fr) |
NL (1) | NL8502116A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1987000540A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4923924A (en) * | 1985-12-06 | 1990-05-08 | Borg-Warner Chemicals, Inc. | Thermoplastic impact modified polyamide-polyphenylene ether composition |
US5039746A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1991-08-13 | Huels Aktiengesellschaft | Thermoplastic molding compounds based on functionalized polyphenylene ethers and polyamides |
US5561193A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-10-01 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Polyphenylene ether/polyamide molding materials |
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- 1986-07-23 DE DE8686905010T patent/DE3670091D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-23 AU AU61996/86A patent/AU602311B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-07-23 WO PCT/US1986/001511 patent/WO1987000540A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1986-07-23 KR KR1019870700256A patent/KR940011161B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-23 JP JP61504197A patent/JP2562137B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-23 EP EP86905010A patent/EP0232363B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4923924A (en) * | 1985-12-06 | 1990-05-08 | Borg-Warner Chemicals, Inc. | Thermoplastic impact modified polyamide-polyphenylene ether composition |
US5039746A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1991-08-13 | Huels Aktiengesellschaft | Thermoplastic molding compounds based on functionalized polyphenylene ethers and polyamides |
US5561193A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-10-01 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Polyphenylene ether/polyamide molding materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4888397A (en) | 1989-12-19 |
JPS63500803A (ja) | 1988-03-24 |
AU602311B2 (en) | 1990-10-11 |
DE3670091D1 (de) | 1990-05-10 |
BR8606822A (pt) | 1987-11-03 |
AU6199686A (en) | 1987-02-10 |
EP0232363B1 (fr) | 1990-04-04 |
KR940011161B1 (ko) | 1994-11-24 |
NL8502116A (nl) | 1987-02-16 |
WO1987000540A1 (fr) | 1987-01-29 |
JP2562137B2 (ja) | 1996-12-11 |
KR880700002A (ko) | 1988-02-15 |
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