EP0226324B1 - Strahler mit Oberflächenverbrennung - Google Patents

Strahler mit Oberflächenverbrennung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226324B1
EP0226324B1 EP86308731A EP86308731A EP0226324B1 EP 0226324 B1 EP0226324 B1 EP 0226324B1 EP 86308731 A EP86308731 A EP 86308731A EP 86308731 A EP86308731 A EP 86308731A EP 0226324 B1 EP0226324 B1 EP 0226324B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiant
gas
bars
fire
areas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86308731A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0226324A1 (de
Inventor
Eric David Herbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermal Ceramics UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Thermal Ceramics Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB858527595A external-priority patent/GB8527595D0/en
Priority claimed from GB868620606A external-priority patent/GB8620606D0/en
Application filed by Thermal Ceramics Ltd filed Critical Thermal Ceramics Ltd
Priority to AT86308731T priority Critical patent/ATE76180T1/de
Publication of EP0226324A1 publication Critical patent/EP0226324A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0226324B1 publication Critical patent/EP0226324B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/08—Arrangement or mounting of burners
    • F24C3/085—Arrangement or mounting of burners on ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/24—Radiant bodies or panels for radiation heaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to surface combustion radiants and self aerating burners using them.
  • the invention provides a radiant, for a self-aerating burner, having a multiplicity of ports passing gas/air mixture for combustion at the surface of the radiant, wherein the ports are provided in discrete areas that alternate with unported areas formed by angled unported flanks of raised bars, the ports being narrow in relation to the width of the bars so as to give in operation visible radiation from the unported areas by impingement of flame but not from the tops of the bars.
  • the radiant may be incorporated in a heater having a divided plenum chamber from which successive sections of the radiant, particularly a hob wherein the bars are in the form of concentric rings, can be independently supplied with gas/air mixture.
  • the plenum chamber divisions are horizontally disposed so that a full-width heat exchanger in the fire operates across its whole width even at part fire with not all said sections in use.
  • a convenient optional feature of the radiants of the invention is a channel dividing the bars to allow a single ignitor to light all the ported areas.
  • the ported areas suitably occupy 30% to 70%, conveniently 30% to 50%, of the area of the radiant as seen in plan, being delimited by straight or smoothly curved lines drawn grazing successive ports adjacent to the bars.
  • the bars are conveniently continuous, broken only if desired by a lighting groove or channel as referred to above, connecting the ported areas so that they do not have to be lit individually.
  • the use of bars divided into sections is not excluded, provided they retain the characteristic of having angled, radiating flanks and a dark, i.e. not visibly radiating top.
  • the ports are in the form of multiple adjacent lines of holes, two or more lines to each ported area. Further, heat output is improved if those holes adjacent to the bars are in part formed to run into the flanks of the bars so flame plays directly on the flanks.
  • the application of the radiants is primarily in the domestic context whether in gas fires or for example in hobs or grill units, where conventional surface combustion radiants giving intensive heat over small areas are unsuitable.
  • Tests of gas fire radiants of equivalent size to conventional radiants heated by separate gas jets, and thus constituting straight replacements for such radiants in terms of gas fire design, have for example shown not merely a suitable heat output but a major and unexpected improvement in efficiency.
  • overall heat output related to gas used has been found typically improved by 5%, and radiant output by 30% or more.
  • the radiant output is particularly significant, in that perceived comfort depends only partly on air temperature. Direct radiant heating is desirable as well and conventional radiants are often deficient in this respect, especially at low fire.
  • a suitable radiant for use in a domestic gas fire is for example one wherein the bars run across the radiant and the upper flank of each bar forms a shallower included angle to a normal to the plane of the radiant than the lower side does, for example angles respectively within the ranges 10° to 40° and 20° to 60°.
  • the angles are suitable equal, for example within the range 15° to 55°.
  • the port sizes are in themselves conventional for surface combustion radiants, depending on the fuel gas for which the radiant is designed and its supply pressure, for example holes of 1.1 diameter up to 1.6mm for hydrogen rich (1st family) gases such as town (coal) gas, 1.1 up to 1.8mm for methane rich (2nd family) gases such as mains natural gas, and 1.1 up to 2mm for 3rd family gases such as LPG (liquified petroleum gases, bottled gas) all at the usual supply pressures.
  • 1st family gases such as town (coal) gas
  • 1.1 up to 1.8mm for methane rich (2nd family) gases such as mains natural gas
  • 3rd family gases such as LPG (liquified petroleum gases, bottled gas)
  • the radiants may be glazed, coloured or other surface coatings applied if desired, to reduce friability of radiants made of bonded fibre and/or to give special effects.
  • a grill radiant may be coloured black, giving somewhat longer wave length radiation with improved performance.
  • the radiants conveniently reduce the heat output of a radiant, per unit area, to a figure convenient for domestic use and in particular compatible with conventional gas fire design.
  • the radiants become effective replacements for traditional gas fire elements heated by impingement of flame from separate burners.
  • domestic gas fires have for many years been constructed to allow gas flames from a burner to impinge on radiants which then glow and radiate heat and light.
  • the gaseous products of combustion after passing through, or in some cases over, the radiant structure, are then either conveyed directly by means of a flue to the outside of a building ('radiant only' fires) or, in many cases, passed through a heat exchanger ('radiant convector' fires) so that a proportion of the residual heat can be extracted and passed into the room.
  • the cooled products of combustion and excess air are then passed outside the building.
  • a quite separate application concerns gas cookers, in for example grills and particularly in hobs such as the kind in which a radiant lies below a protective heat-transparent plate, usually of glass ceramic.
  • the heat output per unit area of the new burners is well suited to such applications, and more particularly there is the advantage that if the bars of a hob are essentially as concentric rings the burner area can be suited to pan size and/or to different classes of cooking, simply by having separate gas/air supplies to successive concentric zones of the radiant.
  • This new radiant when compared to previous usage of surface combustion radiants in cooker hobs shows similar advantages to the gas fire application but of particular importance is the controllability of the burner enabling the radiating area to be adjusted to match both the size of the pan in use and the heat input desired.
  • a burner radiant or plaque is indicated at 1 and a box or case 2 forming a plenum chamber, impregnated tape 3 joining them.
  • Conventional bonded fibre U.K. Patent No. 1 436 842
  • radiant clay may be used for the plaque, and clay or steel for example for the box or case.
  • the rest of the fire is conventional and not shown apart from a schematically indicated support frame 5 (Fig. 1) and gas jets 4.
  • gas jets 4 Formed integrally with or fixed into the box or case are one or more venturis 6 for the jets 4, conventional in themselves.
  • the fires use similar plaques fed from a plenum chamber 7, unitary as in Fig. 1 or divided into several separate sections with individually controlled gas jets, horizontally as indicated at 8 in Fig. 4 or vertically as in Fig. 5 by partitions 9.
  • the plaques are divided into bars 10 and ported areas 11 with holes 12 for passage of the gas/air mixture.
  • the holes are staggered in two rows and are at 3mm centres in the rows and 3mm row spacing, again on hole-centres.
  • the bar spacing ridge to ridge is 12mm with a 2mm wide flat channel between bars, so the hole centres are actually in the flanks of the bars.
  • the included angles between a normal to the plane of the radiant and the faces or flanks of the bars are 18° (upper flank) and 32° (lower flank), though these angles are only generally represented in the drawings.
  • a lighting groove (unreferenced) is indicated in Fig. 4 centrally of the radiant and shown at the left of Fig. 3, and is in fact conveniently provided in all the designs, with an appropriate ignitor of conventional kind.
  • heat exchangers are not shown as they are conventional, an advantage and indeed a considerable part of the point of the new units being that they can be used in existing gas fire designs as a straight replacement for the whole gas-supply/radiant assembly. Heat is produced over the sort of area people are used to and like, rather than in concentrated small areas such as surface combustion plaques give in uses when concentrated heat is required. The fire can be turned down without substantial loss in the glow, particularly in the designs where the plenum chamber is divided into sections. Designs such as those of Fig. 4 with horizontal division of the plenum chamber preserve the efficiency of heat exchange even at part fire.
  • the radiant burner may be produced in several ways for instance (Figs. 1 and 2) with a "Tennaglo” (Trade Mark) bonded ceramic fibre radiant or plaque, made by filter casting, as the front face, and a pressed clay burner box. The two may be held together by glass fibre tape and fire resistant cement.
  • the fibre is an alumino-silicate material made from fused kaolin and has the following properties:- Melting point 1760°C Continuous Service Temperature 1260°C Fibre Diameter, average 2.8 microns
  • the slurry is made from 5 parts by weight of fibre, having lengths of about 15cm to 25cm, with two parts by weight of ball clay and 0.1 parts by weight of tricalcium phosphate flux as bonding agent.
  • the ingredients are mixed together in a chopper mixer so as to produce a slurry in which the fibre lengths are for the most part between 0.025 and 1.25cm in length.
  • the vacuum casting gives a soft, pliable green shape which is dried at 150°C and then fired in air at about 1050°C for half an hour, sufficient to bond the fibres.
  • the radiant may be made of a traditional radiant clay, for example:- China Clay 39% Ball Clay 20% Fused Silica 30% Wood Flour 10% Bentonite 1%
  • An example of a ceramic box clay body is:- China Clay 39% Ball Clay 20% Molochite 30% Wood Flour 10% Bentonite 1%
  • the radiant itself as seen in Fig. 8 has concentric ring-form bars each in four segments. The bars are referenced 21 (Fig. 9) and the ported areas between them 22.
  • the radiant is held in a die cast metal base 23 by a bezel 24.
  • An ignitor 25 is disposed centrally and flame from it travels through the radial gaps 26 between the bar segments.
  • a plenum chamber formed by the base 23 is divided into four sections 27, as seen in Fig. 10 particularly, with venturis 28 and individual gas jets one of which is referenced 29. These gas jets are individually controlled in per se conventional manner at 30. The gas jets induce the air supply into the plenum chamber for passage of gas/air mixture through the part of the plaque supplied for combustion between the bars.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Strahler für einen selbstlüftenden Brenner mit einer Vielzahl von Öffnungen, durch welche das zur Verbrennung an der Oberfläche des Strahlers bestimmte Gas/Luftgemisch geht, bei dem die Öffnungen (12) in bestimmten Bereichen (11), (22) vorgesehen sind, die sich mit durch gewinkelte Flanken ohne Öffnungen, von erhabenen Stangen (10), (21) gebildeten Bereichen ohne Öffnungen abwechseln, wobei die Öffnungen in bezug auf die Stangenbreite so eng sind, daß sich durch das Auftreffen der Flamme im Betrieb sichtbare Strahlung zwar von den Bereichen ohne Öffnungen ergibt, jedoch nicht von den Oberseiten der Stäbe.
  2. Strahler nach Anspruch 1, der in einen Heizofen mit einer geteilten Luftmischkammer (7), (27) eingebaut ist, von der aus aufeinanderfolgende Abschnitte des Strahlers, besonders einer Kochmulde, bei der die Stäbe (21) die Form von konzentrischen Ringen haben, unabhängig mit dem Gas/Luftgemisch versorgt werden können.
  3. Strahler nach Anspruch 2, der in einen Gasheizofen eingebaut ist, bei dem die Luftmischkammerabteile horizontal so angeordnet sind, daß ein über die gesamte Breite des Heizofens verlaufender Wärmeaustauscher selbst dann über dessen ganze Breite wirkt, wenn nur ein Teil des Heizofens brennt und nicht alle jener Abschnitte in Betrieb sind.
  4. Strahler nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mit einem Kanal, der die Stäbe trennt, damit alle mit Öffnungen versehene Bereiche mit einem einzigen Anzünder (25) angezündet werden können.
EP86308731A 1985-11-08 1986-11-10 Strahler mit Oberflächenverbrennung Expired EP0226324B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86308731T ATE76180T1 (de) 1985-11-08 1986-11-10 Strahler mit oberflaechenverbrennung.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB858527595A GB8527595D0 (en) 1985-11-08 1985-11-08 Gas fire radiant burners
GB8527595 1985-11-08
GB868620606A GB8620606D0 (en) 1986-08-26 1986-08-26 Radiant burner assembly
GB8620606 1986-08-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0226324A1 EP0226324A1 (de) 1987-06-24
EP0226324B1 true EP0226324B1 (de) 1992-05-13

Family

ID=26289986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86308731A Expired EP0226324B1 (de) 1985-11-08 1986-11-10 Strahler mit Oberflächenverbrennung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0226324B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3685310D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2031069T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1987003067A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104110715A (zh) * 2014-07-19 2014-10-22 广东万和电气有限公司 红外辐射燃气灶的辐射器

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3928179C2 (de) * 1988-11-11 1994-01-20 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Allgasbrenner
AT396819B (de) * 1989-05-09 1993-12-27 Vaillant Gmbh Brennerplatte eines atmosphärischen brenners
US5137583A (en) * 1991-04-17 1992-08-11 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Emission technology
IT1281854B1 (it) * 1995-03-17 1998-03-03 Over All S R L Bruciatori a gas per piani di cottura in vetroceramico e per riscaldamento
ES2204212B1 (es) * 2000-11-07 2005-07-16 Nuevas Tecnicas Del Gas, S.L. Sistema de quemador en circulos concentricos, con canales de aporte de aire hacia el centro.
ITTO20111001A1 (it) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-04 Indesit Co Spa Bruciatore a gas di un piano cottura, in particolare ad uso domestico

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE412163C (de) * 1925-04-14 Wilhelm Burg Gasbrenner
US2677366A (en) * 1948-08-30 1954-05-04 De Witt H Wyatt Gas heater radiant
DE1116615B (de) * 1956-06-15 1961-11-09 Fr D Incandescence Par Le Gaz Gasbeheizter Waermestrahler
GB926966A (en) * 1960-08-16 1963-05-22 Oatley Technical Dev Gas-fire radiant
US3291188A (en) * 1964-03-23 1966-12-13 Partiot Maurice Deep combustion radiant elements
FR1408445A (fr) * 1964-08-13 1965-08-13 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Dispositifs d'émission de rayons infrarouges
GB1102105A (en) * 1967-01-13 1968-02-07 Gni I Pi Neftyanogo Mash A panel-type gas burner
ES162494Y (es) * 1970-10-19 1971-07-16 Sagardui, S. A. Nuevo quemador aplicable a estufa de rayos infrarrojos.
NL176301C (nl) * 1974-08-24 Schwank Gmbh Toestel met ten minste een gasbrander voor een kookplaat.
GB2010472A (en) * 1977-11-25 1979-06-27 Tennant & Sons Ltd Gas-Fire Radiant
JPS5546361A (en) * 1978-09-29 1980-04-01 Rinnai Corp Gas infrared ray radiation combustion plate

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104110715A (zh) * 2014-07-19 2014-10-22 广东万和电气有限公司 红外辐射燃气灶的辐射器
CN104110715B (zh) * 2014-07-19 2017-06-06 广东万和电气有限公司 红外辐射燃气灶的辐射器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0226324A1 (de) 1987-06-24
ES2031069T3 (es) 1992-12-01
DE3685310D1 (de) 1992-06-17
WO1987003067A1 (en) 1987-05-21

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