EP0222221A1 - Erhitzer - Google Patents

Erhitzer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0222221A1
EP0222221A1 EP86114671A EP86114671A EP0222221A1 EP 0222221 A1 EP0222221 A1 EP 0222221A1 EP 86114671 A EP86114671 A EP 86114671A EP 86114671 A EP86114671 A EP 86114671A EP 0222221 A1 EP0222221 A1 EP 0222221A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
chamber
heating apparatus
heater unit
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86114671A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0222221B1 (de
Inventor
Peter John Hall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carver and Co Engineers Ltd
Original Assignee
Carver and Co Engineers Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10555981&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0222221(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Carver and Co Engineers Ltd filed Critical Carver and Co Engineers Ltd
Publication of EP0222221A1 publication Critical patent/EP0222221A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0222221B1 publication Critical patent/EP0222221B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/02—Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/04—Balanced-flue arrangements, i.e. devices which combine air inlet to combustion unit with smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/186—Water-storage heaters using fluid fuel

Definitions

  • This invention concerns improvements in or relating to heating apparatus such as gas fuelled heaters for habitable static or mobile structures, and especially for touring caravans.
  • a heater unit is mounted on a floor of the caravan or other habitable structure so as to draw air from and discharge exhaust into an underfloor space via a downwardly projecting inlet and flue assembly.
  • This first type of apparatus has the advantage that the inlet and flue assembly is shielded by the structure from any wind in the vicinity of the structure, so that the inlet and flue assembly is not subjected to wind generated disturbances of the air and exhaust flows; but this first type of apparatus has the major disadvantage that any blockage or restriction of the openings to the underfloor space, caused by drifting snow or long grass, can cause an unacceptable or even dangerous build up or accumulation of exhaust gas in the underfloor space, and any escape of fuel gas can likewise accumulate.
  • the apparatus has the further disadvantage, in that the service or repair the heater unit a person has to remove the apparatus from the floor or work from below the floor.
  • a heater unit is disposed within the habitable structure, which unit draws air in through an inlet duct leading to an inlet and discharges its exhaust through a flue leading to an outlet above the level of the inlet.
  • This type of apparatus if properly installed in a structure, substantially avoids the risks of blockage by snow causing gas accumulation and wind disturbances of the inlet air and exhaust flows; but has numerous disadvantages including the need to design the ductwork flue inlet and outlet to suit the structure (or vice versa), installation costs, maintainance costs, the volume occupied by the apparatus within the structure and weight, all of which are serious disadvantages for compact lightweight structures such as caravans.
  • the apparatus has the further disadvantage in that it may be situated in a relatively confined and inaccessible part of the structure, and requires to be partially dismantled within the structure for service or repair of the heater unit.
  • a heater unit is connected by ductwork to any one of various forms of balanced flue assembly mounted on an external wall of the structure, and whilst the balanced flue assembly can be located to minimise the risks of blocking by snow it projects a considerable distance, e.g. some twenty or more centimetres, from the external wall so that the air inlet and exhaust openings of the balanced flue assembly are well away from the external surface of the wall, so that the third type of apparatus has the major disadvantage that it is not suitable for mobile structures such as touring caravans, and is only suitable for static structure such as houses and planets.
  • This type also has many disadvantages similar to those of the second type, particularly the cost, bulk and weight of the ductwork in addition to the bulk and cost of the balanced flue assembly.
  • the balanced flue assembly has to project a considerable distance from the external surface of the wall, because the air inlet and exhaust outlet have to be subject to similar wind generated effects, so as to minimise the disturbance of the air and exhaust flows through the apparatus. Furthermore, the length of the ductwork required is considerable in order to attenuate disturbance of said flows.
  • the apparatus has the furthe disadvantage in that it may be situated in a relatively confined and inaccessible part of the structure, and requires to be partially dismantled within the structure for service or repair of the heater unit.
  • a fourth type of heating apparatus for example, our Trumatic "E" series warm air heating apparatus, avoids all the problems and disadvantages associated with the first three types of apparatus, by using an electrically powered fan or pump to provide a controlled air flow to and exhaust flow from a heater unit.
  • the flow through the heater unit, being controlled, can easily be made substantially immune to wind generated disturbance, so that combustion within the heater unit can be arranged easily for optimum efficiency and to control the production of toxic or otherwise harmful exhaust emissions.
  • This fourth type of apparatus is particularly suitable for mobile structures such as motor caravans and boats, because like the first type it is compact and enables the air inlet and exhaust outlet to be situated where they are not exposed to impact damage, but has the disadvantage of requiring a continuous substantial electrical power supply for the fan or pump.
  • This type of apparatus is often installed so as to be relatively inacessible for service and repair.
  • a heater unit comprising a thermally conductive main body, a burner assembly for burning fuel in a combustion chamber for heating said body, a valve assembly for controlling a supply of combustible fuel to the burner assembly, ignition means for initiating combustion, sensor means for sensing at least the presence of combustion and/or the temperature of said body, electronic automatic control means responsive to manually actuable means and said sensor means to control and actuate said valve assembly and said ignition means; characterised in that said burner assembly, valve assembly, ignition means, sensor means and electronic automatic control means are assembled together as a single repleaceable unit removably installed in said heater unit, and in that the replaceable unit is provided with a separable electrical connector device or devices for releasably electrically connecting said unit to said manually actuable means, and is releasably connected to a fuel supply duct.
  • the single replaceable unit can be assembled, tested, adjusted or repaired as a complete working unit in the factory prior to being inserted into the heater unit either during manufacture or to replace an existing faulty or damaged unit.
  • the replaceable unit is preferably mounted on the body so as to extend through an apertured part of the body so that the burner assembly is at one side of the apertured part and the electronic control means is at the other side of said apertured part, so that the electronic control means is shielded from burner heat.
  • the body preferably serves as a mounting for an enclosure which constrains a fluid to be heated to contact said body.
  • the enclosure may be part of hot air flow duct or a water container.
  • the sensor means preferably comprises a flame sensor for the burner and a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the body.
  • the heater unit may be constructed as a water heater unit comprising a reservoir, the thermally conductive main body being arranged to heat water in said reservoir; and is characterised in that the electronic automatic control means is responsive to flame failure at the burner assembly to shut off the valve means, and in that relief means is provided to cause a proportion of the contents of the reservoir to be ejected at the burner assembly and/or the ignition means in the event of the temperature and/or pressure in the reservoir exceeding a predetermined value.
  • the relief means is preferably a replaceable fusible (melting) device screwed into the body.
  • the electronic automatic control means preferably latches or locks out in a valve-off condition automatically upon failure of a predetermined ignition sequence, so that any automatically actuated ignition sequence after flame failure which is abortive, e.g. due to dousing of the burner assembly by operation of the relief means, gives rise to automatic shut-down of the heater unit.
  • the heater unit preferably forms part of heating apparatus of the invention, the apparatus further including a combined air inlet and exhaust outlet device, and which is characterised in that:-
  • the partition or removable part thereof may be mounted on the main body, or the removable part of the partition may be mounted on the replaceable unit for removal therewith.
  • This apparatus is extremely compact, can be constructed to give good control of the air and exhaust flows, and provides simple access to the replaceable unit, e.g. for cleaning or replacement of the replaceable unit without requiring special tools or skills.
  • An object of preferred forms of the invention is to enable at least some of the aforementioned disadvantages, characteristic of the previously mentioned types of heating apparatus, to be reduced or avoided.
  • the combined device comprises a divider plate, an outer plate, and an exhaust duct extending through the inlet duct and the divider plate to terminate at an exhaust outlet in a flow space between the divider and outer plates.
  • An outer end of the inlet duct is preferably peripherally surrounded by a surround, the divider plate is preferably disposed so as to partially close the outer end of the inlet duct to leave an inlet opening or openings between the divider plate and the surround.
  • the combined device preferably includes an air permeable screen, e.g. of wire mesh, at the inner end of the air inlet duct so that the space within the duct between the screen and a divider plate forms an entrance chamber. It has been found that the screen and this chamber substantially dampen or attenuate any directionally forceful or surge air flows through the inlet opening.
  • an air permeable screen e.g. of wire mesh
  • the exhaust opening is preferably situated in the flow space so that the spacing between the exhaust opening and the outer plate is less than, preferably less than about one third, of the minimum distance between the exhaust opening and the periphery of the flow space.
  • the periphery of the flow space is preferably provided with a barrier to obstruct ingress of objects into the flow space.
  • the outer plate is preferably parallel to said first plane and is spaced no more than three centimetres from said divider plate, the preferred spacing being about two centimetres.
  • the entrance chamber is preferably narrow so that the screen is parallel to and within five centimetres of the divider plate, and is preferably about one centimetre from the divider plate, so that the overall distance from the screen to the outer plate is less than eight centimetres, and can be about three centimetres.
  • the combined device provides the major advantage that even when the surround is mounted directly on an external wall of a structure so that the first plane is level with or no more than a few millimetres out from the outer surface of the wall, so that the outer plate is very close to the wall, the combined device successfully overcomes the problems of permitting and promoting orderly air inlet flow to and exhaust flow from the heater unit substantially irrespective of the force, variability and direction of the wind to which the combined device is exposed.
  • the heating apparatus is thus substantially universally acceptable and suitable for use in both mobile and static habitable structures.
  • the combined device is particularly suitable for close coupling to the heater unit so that the whole apparatus can be made very compact and suitable for mounting directly on the wall of the structure.
  • the costs and problems of lengthy ductwork can thus be eliminated because the flow smoothing and surge damping characteristics of such ductwork, which minimise or attenuate wind induced disturbances of the air and exhaust flows, are not needed.
  • the surround is preferably adapted for direct mounting on a wall of a structure, or on a part of a heater unit which part is adapted to abut the wall so that the surround is close to the wall.
  • the partition is preferably disposed between the combustion chamber and the air chamber so as to provide a secondary air inlet between a lower portion of the combustion chamber and a lower portion of the air chamber; and the an air permeable screen preferably confronts said partition across a main portion of the air chamber, which main portion of the air chamber is disposed above the lower portion of the air chamber.
  • air flowing through the screen enters the main portion in a direction towards the partition, is constrained to change direction to move downwards to the lower portion, and thereafter has to change direction again in order to pass through the secondary air inlet to provide a flow of secondary combustion air, which flow is further constrained to change direction in the lower portion of the combustion chamber prior to flowing upwards around the burner to a flame zone above the burner so that the secondary combustion air has to follow a tortuous path from the air inlet to the flame zone.
  • the direct distance between the screen and the flame zone is preferably small in comparison with the overall height and/or width of the air and combustion chambers, and in particular the distance between the screen and the partition is preferably less than 10cm, e.g. about 2 to 4cm.
  • the flame zone is preferably slightly above the level of the bottom of the screen.
  • the burner is preferably supplied with a primary combustion air and fuel mixture in which the primary combustion air is drawn from the lower portion of the air chamber via a further tortuous path in which the flow from this lower portion is constrained to change direction to flow along a restricted path to enter a mixing chamber, to change direction again to flow upwards in the mixing chamber to the level of a fuel jet and to further change direction to enter the burner.
  • the exhaust duct preferably extends across the main portion of the air chamber, through the screen and through the inlet duct.
  • This heating apparatus has the advantage that the effects upon the combustion efficiency of the apparatus of any wind generated disturbance of the flows in the inlet and exhaust ducts are very small; and the advantage that the apparatus is compact and easy to construct and instal.
  • the heating apparatus is particularly suitable for and preferably includes the combined air inlet and exhaust outlet device so that the air inlet and exhaust outlet ducts of the combined device serve as or are continuations of the air inlet and exhaust outlet ducts of the apparatus.
  • the screen of the apparatus preferably serves as a or is the air permeable screen of the combined device.
  • the apparatus can thus be made extremely compact, e.g. the overall direct distance between the flame zone and the outer plate can be, and preferably is, less than 15cm e.g. about 7 to 8 cm.
  • heating apparatus constructed and arranged to be installed in a structure having an external wall, the heating apparatus comprising a heater unit and an air inlet and exhaust outlet device which device provides an air inlet duct having an inner end open towards an air chamber in the heater unit, and characterised in that:
  • the divider plate and surround, or part of the surround, may be integral and apertured to provide one or more apertures serving as the air inlet opening or openings.
  • the replaceable unit and the heater unit are preferably arranged so that removal of the air inlet duct or air inlet duct and partition provides access for removal of the replaceable unit.
  • the body preferably incorporates a mounting extension which can be mounted on a wall of habitable structure so as to extend through said wall, and the air inlet duct is preferably connected releasably to said mounting extension.
  • the heater unit is preferably constructed as a water heater unit comprising a reservoir provided by an assembly comprising a container clamped to a mounting by a clamping device, and is characterised in that the clamping device extends through one end part of the container and within the interior of the container to engage the mounting so that the other end part of the container is thrust onto the mounting and a seal on the mounting to make sealing engagement therewith; and in that the assembly is adapted to yield resiliently, upon a predetermined internal pressure or thrust being reached, so that said other end part can be moved by the internal pressure or thrust to an extent sufficient to interrupt said sealing engagement.
  • the reservoir is preferably adapted and arranged to provide an internal expansion space above normal water level, which space allows sufficient room for the water to freeze without said predetermined pressure being reached if the ice occupies said space.
  • Said one end part is preferably dished so as to project into the reservoir.
  • the preferred features of the invention are preferably used in combination in order to provide an extremely safe, compact, easy to construct, instal and repair water heating form of the apparatus.
  • the heating apparatus broadly comprises a heater unit 10 close coupled to a combined air inlet and exhaust outlet device 11.
  • the heater unit 10 broadly comprises a gas fueled heater assembly 12, and an enclosure 13 to constrain fluid to be heated to contact the heater assembly 12.
  • the heater assembly 12 includes a main body 14, in the form of a single aluminium alloy casting, which main body 14 is directly secured to said structure, serves as a mounting for a replaceable burner and control unit 15 (FIGURE 2) of the heater assembly, serves as a mounting for the enclosure 13, serves as a mounting for the combined device 11, and serves as a direct heat transfer body to transfer heat generated in the heater assembly to the fluid to be heated, as hereinafter described.
  • the combined device 11 includes a main assembly comprising an outer plate 16 about 18 cm wide by 18 cm high; a divider plate 17 spaced about 2 cm from the outer plate 16 so as to define a flow space 18 therebetween; a shaped surround 19 which supports several pillars 20 which locate the plates 16 and 17; a barrier 21 of round wire mounted on the pillars 20 so as to be located around the periphery of the flow space 18; and a wire mesh screen 22 located on the surround 19.
  • the surround 19 has a peripheral portion 23 and a convergent inner portion 24; disposed around a short air inlet duct 25 so that an outer end 26 of the inlet duct 25 lies in a first plane 27 and is bounded by a flow affecting portion 28 of an outer surface of the peripheral portion 23, which portion 28 lies in said first plane, and so that an inner end of the inlet duct 25 is bounded by an apertured inner end 29 of the inner portion 24.
  • the inner end of the inlet duct 25 is occupied by the screen 22.
  • the divider plate 17 is located substantially in said first plane so as to occupy most of the outer end 26 of the inlet duct 25 whereby to leave a narrow inlet opening 26A in said plane between the periphery of the divider plate 17 and the portion 28 of the outer surface.
  • the inlet duct is about 1 cm long between the plate 17; and the screen 22, and the inlet opening is about 1 cm wide at the top and sides of the plate 17 and about 3 cm wide at the bottom.
  • the assembly is only about 31 ⁇ 2 cm in depth between the outer plate and the screen and projects about 21 ⁇ 2 cm outwardly from said first plane.
  • the divider plate 17 and screen 22 are apertured to receive an outer portion 30 of an exhaust member 31 which defines an exhaust duct and is common to the heater unit 10 and the combined device 11.
  • the outer portion 30 is about 7 cm in height and width and projects about 11 ⁇ 4 cm from the divider plate 17 into the flow space 18 to terminate at an exhaust outlet 32.
  • the portion 30 is located so that the outlet 32 is about 3 cm from the top of the periphery of the flow space 18, and is about 5 cm from the sides and 8 cm from the bottom of said periphery.
  • the outer portion 30 extends through the inlet duct so as to occupy part of the space between the divider plate and the screen, which space serves as a damping chamber 33.
  • the main body 14 comprises a main wall 34 at an inner end of a mounting extension comprising an outwardly projecting peripheral wall 35 having an outer flanged end 36.
  • the wall 35 extends, in use, through a wall 1 of the structure so that the flanged end abuts an outside surface 2 of the wall, and so that the body 12 rests on a floor 3 of the structure.
  • the flanged end 36 is apertured to receive fasteners to serve as means 36A for securing the body 12, and thus the apparatus, to the structure, and to receive further fasteners securing the peripheral portion 23 of the surround 19 (and thus the main assembly) to the flanged end 36, so that the surround 19 overlies and conceals the flanged end 36 and so that said first plane is close to, e.g. to about 5mm, from the plane of outside surface 2.
  • the structure may be recessed to allow the flanged end to be let into the wall 1 so that the first plane is closer to, is coplanar with or is even behind the plane of the surface 2.
  • the main wall 34 is provided on one side, as shown in Figure 5, with:-
  • the main wall 34 has therein:-
  • the main wall is provided on its other side (FIGURE 1) with a circular flange 60 having a chamfered annular projection 61 to support an elastomeric ring seal 62; water inflow baffle 63, and a clamp securing socket 64 co-axial with the axis of the circular flange 60.
  • the exhaust member 31 has a horizontal top wall and the tapered portion 37 decreases in height and increases in width from the outer portion 30 to an inner end flange 38 clamped to the webs 40.
  • the portion 37 engages the partition 51 so that the latter serves as a partition between the combustion chamber 41, 42 and an air chamber 65, 66, 67 bounded by the peripheral wall 35, the screen 22 and the partition 51.
  • the air chamber 65, 66 and 67 comprises an upper portion 65 above the level of the combustion chamber, a main portion 66 between the screen 22 and the partition, and a lower portion 67 between the partition and the part of the surround 19 below the level of the screen 22.
  • the burner and control unit 15 (FIGURE 2) comprises a burner assembly 70, a solenoid actuated gas valve assembly 71, automatic electronic control means in a housing 72, ignition means in the form of an ignition electrode 73, sensor means comprising a flame sensor electrode 74 and a thermostat 75 manually presettable by means of a rotatable knob 76 which projects through an opening 77 in the thermostat socket 45, and a mounting 78 dimensioned to abut the main wall 34 so as to close the lower aperture 48.
  • the valve assembly 71 is secured to the main wall 34 by the fastenes 79 to receive gas from the duct 53.
  • the burner assembly 70 comprises an elongate hollow rectangular burner 80 mechanically connected to the valve assembly 71 by a mixing chamber 81 in which a jet 82 (FIGURE 4) of the assembly 71 confronts a partially open end of the burner 80.
  • the burner 80 is mounted adjacent one side of the mounting 78 by spacer supports 83, and the housing 72 is mounted adjacent the other side of the mounting 78 by the same spacer supports 83.
  • One of these supports 83 secures a carrier 84, on which the electrodes 73 and 74 are mounted, to the mounting 78, and these electrodes are connected electrically to the automatic electronic control means.
  • the latter is also electrically connected 6 to the solenoid actuated gas valve assembly 71 and to the thermostat 75 which is mounted on a carrier 85 secured to said assembly 71.
  • the mixing chamber 81 has open opposite sides 86 which are blanked-off by the mounting 78, the main wall 34 and the partition member 51; has a small opening 87 in one end below the bottom level of a valve body 88 of the valve assembly 71; a further opening 89 in the end opposite and co-axial with the jet 82, which end restricts the open end of the burner 80; and an upper flange 91 which engages one side wall 40 of the combustion chamber 41, 42 so that the valve assembly 71 is protected from heat in the combustion chamber 41, 42 by said mixing chamber 81.
  • Fasteners 88A secure the valve body 88 to the mixing chamber 81.
  • the burner 80 is located in a lower portion 42 of the combustion chamber so as to provide spaces therein at each side of and below the burner, and so that a flame zone 92 in the combustion chamber above the burner is located above the level of the bottom of the screen.
  • the bottom portion of the partition 51 is shaped to provide a primary air inlet 93 between the lower portion 67 of the air chamber and a space 94 below the valve body 88; and to provide a larger secondary air inlet 95 between the lower portion 67 and the space below the burner in the lower portion 42.
  • the partition member 51 abuts the other end 80A of the burner to hold the end 80A against the main wall 34.
  • a thermal insulation member 96 extends upwards within the combustion chamber alongside the partition member 51, and is held by the latter against the fins 43.
  • the automatic electronic control means may be of any suitable form, but in this embodiment is substantially as described in our aforesaid co-pending application.
  • the housing 72 incorporates a socket 97 for a multiple pin connector plug 98 which has leads to a remote control unit 99 providing a manually actuable switch, indicators, a fuse and electricity supply connectors.
  • a supply voltage discriminator is included in the electronic control means to shut-down the heating apparatus when the supply voltage is below a predetermined voltage, and to re-start the apparatus when the necessary working voltage is restored.
  • the unit 99 includes an indicator diode labled "low voltage" which is illuminated whilst the voltage is low, in addition to diodes to indicate normal heater operation, and a fault or malfunction induced "lock-out" condition.
  • the safety device 58 comprises a screwed-in hollow replaceable insert having discharge openings 100 in the combustion chamber and, at the other side of the main wall 34, is closed by a plug 101 of a material which melts at a specific temperature.
  • the enclosure 13 comprises an elongate cylindrical water container 103 having a re-entrant end portion 104 through which one end part 102 of tie bar 105 of a clamping device extends to receive a nut 108.
  • the other end part 107 of the tie bar is secured in the threaded socket 64.
  • the nut 108 recessed to accept a seal 109, engages the portion 104 to thrust the container 103 towards the main wall 34, whereby to engage the other end portion 110 against the flange 60 and the seal 62 to make sealing engagement therewith.
  • a moulded two part insulating cover 112 surrounds the container 103 and provides a moulded-in recess to receive the housing 72.
  • the container 103 and main body 14 together serve as a reservoir 13A for water which is supplied via a pipe (or hose) not shown and the internal duct 56 to enter the reservoir via the opening 57 to bring the water to a normal level 113 just covering the top of the opening 55 to leave a normal air space 114 above the water.
  • the remote manually actuable switch When the remote manually actuable switch is closed, electricity is supplied via the remote control unit 99 and the plug 98 to the automatic electronic control unit. The latter actuates the solenoid gas valve assembly 71, to allow gas from a supply pipe 115 to flow to the jet 82 via the duct 53 and the assembly 71, and energises the ignition electrode 73.
  • the gas flow from the jet 82 causes a gas and primary combustion air mixture to flow from an upper part of the mixing chamber 81 into the burner 80 via the opening 89, and causes primary combustion air to be drawn into the upper part of the mixing chamber along a tortuous flow path through the inlet opening 26A, the inlet duct 25, the screen 22, the main and lower portions 66 and 67 of the air chamber, the primary air inlet 93, the space below the valve body 88, the opening 87 and the lower part of the mixing chamber 81 so that the air undergoes at least five or six changes in direction along said flow path prior to changing direction in the upper part to enter the opening 89.
  • the automatic electronic control unit halts the ignition electrode energisation and assumes a running condition requiring only a few milliwatts of electrical power as described in our said co-­pending Application. Heat is absorbed by the fins 43 and the main wall 34 and is conducted through the latter to the water in the reservoir.
  • Combustion heat causes an exhaust flow to rise in the combustion chamber and thus to flow through the exhaust duct and the flow space 18 to atmosphere; and causes a flow of secondary combustion air to be drawn to the flame zone above the burner 80 along a tortuous path through the inlet opening 26A, the inlet duct 25, the screen 22, the main and lower portions 66 and 67 of the air chamber, the secondary air inlet 95 and the spaces at each side of and below the burner 80, so that the air undergoes at least four or five changes in direction along said flow path.
  • Heating continues until the thermostat responds to the main wall (and thus the water) reaching a desired temperature, whereupon the gas flow to the burner is shut off, and the automatic electronic control unit assumes a stand-by (monitoring) condition requiring minimal electrical power, until such time as the thermostat responds to a fall in temperature whereupon the ignition sequence is commenced to re-­start heating.
  • the heating apparatus has many advantages in that, for example:-
  • the heater assembly may include a main body which has further fins on the side opposite to the combustion chamber for heating air constrained to flow past these further fins by an enclosure having openings to receive air from and to return heated air to space within a structure, whereby to provide a warm air space heater unit.
  • the exhaust member 31 may be replaced by other suitable means for providing a suitable exhaust duct, e.g. an outer duct portion defined by a hollow exhaust part, carried by or integrally formed with the divider plate, and an inner duct portion defined by an exhaust member which is mounted on the heater assembly so as to engage said outer duct portion.
  • the exhaust member may be integral with or secured to the partition or an upper part of the partition 51.
  • the surround and divider plate may be integral, e.g. formed as a moulding or casting, and apertured to provide an array of inlet openings 26B in said plane 27, as indicated in broken lines in FIGURE 3.
  • the partition 51 may be modified so that only a lower part 51A of the partition has to be removed for removal of the unit 15, and said lower part 51A may be attached to the unit 15 as indicated in broken lines in FIGURE 2.
  • Additional insulation may be provided e.g. as indicated in broken lines and by reference numerals 120 and 121 in FIGURE 1, and additional locating devices, such as the insulation locating clip 122 and a mounting locating lug 123 (indicated in FIGURE 3) may also be provided.
  • the electrodes 73 and 74 may be mounted directly on the mounting 78.
  • the heater preferably includes a normal pressure relief valve 124 removably inserted into a pressure relief duct, in a part 125, which duct leads to the outlet duct 54 and opening 55, for discharging steam or water, e.g. onto the burner assembly, if a predetermined pressure, e.g. below that at which the end portion 104 yields, is exceeded.
  • the replaceable burner and control unit may be used in other types of heating apparatus; and said unit may be modified for insertion into a heater unit upwardly from below or from either side of a part of the heater unit which defines part of the combustion chamber.
  • the outer and divider plates and the screen may be partially instead of wholly, removable; and may be pivotally or hingedly connected to the surround or main body, so that the air inlet duct, or the lower part thereof, can be swung open for access to the partition and burner assembly, upon releasable retaining means, e.g. a catch or fastener, being released.
  • releasable retaining means e.g. a catch or fastener

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Housings, Intake/Discharge, And Installation Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
EP86114671A 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer Expired - Lifetime EP0222221B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848402803A GB8402803D0 (en) 1984-02-02 1984-02-02 Heating apparatus
GB8402803 1984-02-02

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85300601.3 Division 1985-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0222221A1 true EP0222221A1 (de) 1987-05-20
EP0222221B1 EP0222221B1 (de) 1990-11-07

Family

ID=10555981

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86114671A Expired - Lifetime EP0222221B1 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer
EP85300601A Expired EP0153046B1 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85300601A Expired EP0153046B1 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0222221B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE41992T1 (de)
DE (2) DE3569285D1 (de)
GB (2) GB8402803D0 (de)
HK (2) HK32889A (de)
SG (2) SG31188G (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2222871A (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-03-21 Potterton Int Ltd Heating boiler installations
GB2366609A (en) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-13 Taiwan Sakura Corp A gas heater for mounting within a wall

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8402803D0 (en) 1984-02-02 1984-03-07 Carver & Co Eng Heating apparatus
EP1132692A3 (de) * 2000-03-10 2003-01-22 Comercial Caravaning, S.C. Gasbeheizter Durchlauferhitzer für Wohnwagen
EP1504804A1 (de) * 2003-08-01 2005-02-09 Eurotecno S.R.L. Anordnung für partielle Rezirkulation der Abgase von mit Gas oder anderen Brennstoffen betriebenen Heizkesseln

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3168091A (en) 1962-04-24 1965-02-02 Utah Hydro Corp Controlled draft device for combustion heaters for enclosed vehicular structures
GB1076677A (en) * 1965-06-22 1967-07-19 Empire Stove Company Gas-fired space heater
GB1334003A (en) * 1972-06-27 1973-10-17 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Gas or liquid fuel-fired water heaters
US3789827A (en) * 1971-12-08 1974-02-05 T Kolkka Rock heater for sauna bath
EP0036997A2 (de) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-07 Philipp Kreis GmbH & Co. TRUMA-Gerätebau Heisswasserbereiter, insbesondere zur Installation in fahrbaren Räumen od.dgl.
GB2076508A (en) * 1980-05-10 1981-12-02 Morco Products Ltd Gas-fired water heater
GB2090387A (en) 1980-12-12 1982-07-07 Jacques Robert A radiant heating assembly for a boiler
GB2123525A (en) 1982-07-17 1984-02-01 Carver And Co Improvements in or relating to the actuation of fluid flow control valves
EP0153046A2 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-08-28 CARVER & CO. (ENGINEERS) LIMITED Erhitzer

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3168091A (en) 1962-04-24 1965-02-02 Utah Hydro Corp Controlled draft device for combustion heaters for enclosed vehicular structures
GB1076677A (en) * 1965-06-22 1967-07-19 Empire Stove Company Gas-fired space heater
US3789827A (en) * 1971-12-08 1974-02-05 T Kolkka Rock heater for sauna bath
GB1334003A (en) * 1972-06-27 1973-10-17 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Gas or liquid fuel-fired water heaters
EP0036997A2 (de) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-07 Philipp Kreis GmbH & Co. TRUMA-Gerätebau Heisswasserbereiter, insbesondere zur Installation in fahrbaren Räumen od.dgl.
GB2076508A (en) * 1980-05-10 1981-12-02 Morco Products Ltd Gas-fired water heater
GB2090387A (en) 1980-12-12 1982-07-07 Jacques Robert A radiant heating assembly for a boiler
GB2123525A (en) 1982-07-17 1984-02-01 Carver And Co Improvements in or relating to the actuation of fluid flow control valves
EP0153046A2 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-08-28 CARVER & CO. (ENGINEERS) LIMITED Erhitzer

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PROSPECT DISTRIBUTED BY CARVER, November 1981, pages 1-13: "Heaters and accessories" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2222871A (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-03-21 Potterton Int Ltd Heating boiler installations
GB2366609A (en) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-13 Taiwan Sakura Corp A gas heater for mounting within a wall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2153989A (en) 1985-08-29
GB8502183D0 (en) 1985-02-27
SG12389G (en) 1989-07-07
HK32889A (en) 1989-04-28
DE3569285D1 (en) 1989-05-11
GB8402803D0 (en) 1984-03-07
GB2153989B (en) 1987-09-03
EP0153046A3 (en) 1986-02-12
SG31188G (en) 1988-09-30
EP0153046B1 (de) 1989-04-05
EP0222221B1 (de) 1990-11-07
HK42589A (en) 1989-06-09
DE3580483D1 (de) 1990-12-13
ATE41992T1 (de) 1989-04-15
EP0153046A2 (de) 1985-08-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1873343B (zh) 带加压燃烧的热水器和操作该热水器的方法
US5429112A (en) Infra-red radiant tube heater
US4550689A (en) Gas instantaneous water heater
US6295951B1 (en) Ignition inhibiting gas water heater
AU2008200697B2 (en) Absorption refrigerator flame arrestor system
US20110277706A1 (en) Gas-fired heating device having a thermopile
EP0222221A1 (de) Erhitzer
US7438023B2 (en) Heating device having a thermal cut-off circuit for a fuel line and method of operating the same
GB2154314A (en) Balanced flue beating apparatus
GB2220059A (en) Water heating apparatus
US3056400A (en) Air inlet and smoke outlet baffle structure for gas fired heater
US4303055A (en) Waste oil heater having fuel control system
CN213237465U (zh) 集成在蒸箱内部的蒸汽发生器
US20180363949A1 (en) Safety system for a gas fueled water heater
US1691334A (en) Hot-water heater
US2811962A (en) Forced air ventilating heaters
EP0390326A2 (de) Gasbeheizte Vorrichtung und elektrischer Steuerschaltkreis
JPS6023636Y2 (ja) 給湯装置
US2099383A (en) Heating apparatus
CN212205082U (zh) 一种安全性高的壁挂炉
AU657340B2 (en) A gas booster apparatus for a tank of a solar hot water heater
KR900009734Y1 (ko) 연소실을 수평으로 5도 경사지게 장착한 가스 온수보일러
JP2517916Y2 (ja) ドロップインコンロ
GB2232239A (en) Gas fired heating unit
JPS6038830Y2 (ja) 瞬間湯沸器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19861030

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 153046

Country of ref document: EP

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19880509

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 153046

Country of ref document: EP

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3580483

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19901213

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19940127

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19940131

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940326

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19950131

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: CARVER & CO. (ENGINEERS) LTD

Effective date: 19950131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950929

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19951003

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST