EP0222221B1 - Erhitzer - Google Patents

Erhitzer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0222221B1
EP0222221B1 EP86114671A EP86114671A EP0222221B1 EP 0222221 B1 EP0222221 B1 EP 0222221B1 EP 86114671 A EP86114671 A EP 86114671A EP 86114671 A EP86114671 A EP 86114671A EP 0222221 B1 EP0222221 B1 EP 0222221B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
burner
chamber
heater unit
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86114671A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0222221A1 (de
Inventor
Peter John Hall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carver and Co Engineers Ltd
Original Assignee
Carver and Co Engineers Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10555981&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0222221(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Carver and Co Engineers Ltd filed Critical Carver and Co Engineers Ltd
Publication of EP0222221A1 publication Critical patent/EP0222221A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0222221B1 publication Critical patent/EP0222221B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/02—Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/04—Balanced-flue arrangements, i.e. devices which combine air inlet to combustion unit with smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/186—Water-storage heaters using fluid fuel

Definitions

  • This invention concerns improvements in or relating to heating apparatus such as gas fuelled heaters for habitable static or mobile structures, and especially for touring caravans; and heater units for such apparatus.
  • the invention more particularly concerns a heater unit of a kind comprising a thermally conductive main body, a burner, for burning fuel in a combustion chamber for heating said body, a valve assembly which is associated with control means to control a supply of combustible fuel to the burner and to operate ignition means for initiating combustion in response to manually actuable electrical switch means connectable to the control means, to sensor means comprising a flame sensor, for sensing the presence of combustion, and to a thermostat.
  • a heater unit which, in some respects, resembles a heater unit of said kind, but which is for a central heating system, and the main body is a boiler which sits on the burner as shown in figure 3 of that specification.
  • a heater unit of said kind which is characterised in that:
  • the heater unit is intended for mounting on an external wall of a structure, such as a caravan, to form heating apparatus of a kind, such as is known from US-A 3 168 091, comprising a heater unit at the inside of the wall and an air inlet and exhaust outlet at the outside of the wall, the heater unit including a main body mounted on the external wall, a burner assembly for burning fuel in a combustion chamber for heating said body, a valve assembly which is mounted on the main body and is associated with control means to control a supply of combustible fuel to burner assembly via a mixing chamber.
  • the invention provides heating apparatus installed in a structure having an external wall, the heating apparatus comprising the heater unit at the inside of the wall and an air inlet and exhaust outlet device at the outside of the wall and characterised in that at least parts of the air inlet and exhaust outlet device are releasably connected to the heater unit of the invention or the wall to reveal an opening through which the entire integral replaceable unit can be removed from the outside of the wall when the fasteners are released, without detaching a fuel supply pipe from the body.
  • the single replaceable unit can be assembled, tested, adjusted or repaired as a complete working unit in the factory prior to being inserted into the heater unit either during manufacture or to replace an existing faulty or damaged unit.
  • the replaceable unit is preferably mounted on the body so as to extend through an apertured part of the body so that the burner and valve assembles are at one side of the apertured part and the electronic control means is at the other side of said apertured part.
  • the body preferably serves as a mounting for an enclosure which constrains a fluid to be heated to contact said body.
  • the enclosure may be part of hot air flow duct or a water container.
  • the heater unit may be constructed as a water heater unit comprising a reservoir, the thermally conductive main body being arranged to heat water in said reservoir; and is characterised in that the electronic automatic control means is responsive to flame failure at the burner assembly to shut off the valve means, and in that relief means is provided to cause a proportion of the contents of the reservoir to be ejected at the burner assembly and/or the ignition means in the event of the temperature and/or pressure in the reservoir exceeding a predetermined value.
  • the relief means is preferably a replaceable fusible (melting) device screwed into the body.
  • the electronic automatic control means preferably latches or locks out in a valve-off condition automatically upon failure of a predetermined ignition sequence, so that any automatically actuated ignition sequence after flame failure which is abortive, e.g. due to dousing of the burner assembly by operation of the relief means, gives rise to automatic shut-down of the heater unit.
  • the present invention further provides heating apparatus comprising the heater unit of the invention and a combined air inlet and exhaust outlet device, and which is characterised in that:
  • the partition or removable part thereof may be mounted on the main body, or the removable part of the partition may be mounted on the replaceable unit for removal therewith.
  • This apparatus is extremely compact, can be constructed to give good control of the air and exhaust flows, and provides simple access to the replaceable unit, e.g. for cleaning or replacement of the replaceable unit without requiring special tools or skills.
  • the heating apparatus may be constructed to primarily comprise three preassembled units namely the combined device, the main body with enclosure and safety devices, and the replaceable unit.
  • the combined device comprises a divider plate, an outer plate, and an exhaust duct extending through the inlet duct and the divider plate to terminate at an exhaust outlet in a flow space between the divider and outer plates.
  • An outer end of the inlet duct is preferably peripherally surrounded by a surround, the divider plate is preferably disposed so as to partially close the outer end of the inlet duct to leave an inlet opening or openings between the divider plate and the surround.
  • the combined device preferably includes an air permeable screen, e.g. of wire mesh, at the inner end of the air inlet duct so that the space within the duct between the screen and a divider plate forms an entrance chamber. It has been found that the screen and this chamber substantially dampen or attenuate any directionally forceful or surge air flows through the inlet opening.
  • an air permeable screen e.g. of wire mesh
  • the exhaust opening is preferably situated in the flow space so that the spacing between the exhaust opening and the outer plate is less than, preferably less than about one third, of the minimum distance between the exhaust opening and the periphery of the flow space.
  • the periphery of the flow space is preferably provided with a barrier to obstruct ingress of objects into the flow space.
  • the outer plate is preferably parallel to and is spaced no more than three centimetres from said divider plate, the preferred spacing being about two centimetres.
  • the entrance chamber is preferably narrow so that the screen is parallel to and within five centimetres of the divider plate, and is preferably about one centimetre from the divider plate, so that the overall distance from the screen to the outer plate is less than eight centimetres, and can be about three centimetres.
  • Heating apparatus incorporating a particular form of the combined device is the subject of our application No. EP-A 0 153 046 from which this present Application was divided.
  • the combined device provides the major advantage that even when the surround is mounted directly on an external wall of a structure so that the first plane is level with or no more than a few millimetres out from the outer surface of the wall, so that the outer plate is very close to the wall, the combined device successfully overcomes the problems of permitting and promoting orderly air inlet flow to and exhaust flow from the heater unit substantially irrespective of the force, variability and direction of the wind to which the combined device is exposed.
  • the heating apparatus is thus substantially universally acceptable and suitable for use in both mobile and static habitable structures.
  • the combined device is particularly suitable for close coupling to the heater unit so that the whole apparatus can be made very compact and suitable for mounting directly on the wall of the structure.
  • the costs and problems of lengthy ductwork can thus be eliminated because the flow smoothing and surge damping characteristics of such ductwork, which minimise or attenuate wind induced disturbances of the air and exhaust flows, are not needed.
  • the surround is preferably adapted for direct mounting on a wall of a structure, or on a part of a heater unit which part is adapted to abut the wall so that the surround is close to the wall.
  • the partition is preferably disposed between the combustion chamber and the air chamber so as to provide a secondary air inlet between a lower portion of the combustion chamber and a lower portion of the air chamber; and the an air permeable screen preferably confronts said partition across a main portion of the air chamber, which main portion of the air chamber is disposed above the lower portion of the air chamber.
  • air flowing through the screen enters the main portion in a direction towards the partition, is constrained to change direction to move downwards to the lower portion, and thereafter has to change direction again in order to pass through the secondary air inlet to provide a flow of secondary combustion air, which flow is further constrained to change direction in the lower portion of the combustion chamber prior to flowing upwards around the burner to a flame zone above the burner so that the secondary combustion air has to follow a tortuous path from the air inlet to the flame zone.
  • the direct distance between the screen and the flame zone is preferably small in comparison with the overall height and/or width of the air and combustion chambers, and in particular the distance between the screen and the partition is preferably less than 10 cm, e.g. about 2 to 4 cm.
  • the flame zone is preferably slightly above the level of the bottom of the screen.
  • the burner is preferably supplied with a primary combustion air and fuel mixture in which the primary combustion air is drawn from the lower portion of the air chamber via a further tortuous path in which the flow from this lower portion is constrained to change direction to flow along a restricted path to enter a mixing chamber, to change direction again to flow upwards in the mixing chamber to the level of a fuel jet and to further change direction to enter the burner.
  • the exhaust duct preferably extends across the main portion of the air chamber, through the screen and through the inlet duct.
  • This heating apparatus has the advantage that the effects upon the combustion efficiency of the apparatus of any wind generated disturbance of the flows in the inlet and exhaust ducts are very small; and the advantage that the apparatus is compact and easy to construct and instal.
  • the apparatus can thus be made extremely compact, e.g. the overall direct distance between the flame zone and the outer plate can be, and preferably is, less than 15 cm e.g. about 7 to 8 cm.
  • the body preferably incorporates a mounting extension which can be mounted on a wall of a habitable structure so as to extend through said wall, and the air inlet duct is preferably connected releasably to said mounting extension.
  • the heater unit is preferably constructed as a water heater unit comprising a reservoir provided by an assembly comprising a container clamped to a mounting by a clamping device, and is further characterised in that the clamping device extends through one end part of the container and within the interior of the container to engage the mounting so that the other end part of the container is thrust onto the mounting and a seal on the mounting to make sealing engagement therewith; and in that the assembly is adapted to yield resiliently, upon a predetermined internal pressure or thrust being reached, so that said other end part can be moved by the internal pressure or thrust to an extent sufficient to interrupt said sealing engagement.
  • the reservoir is preferably adapted and arranged to provide an internal expansion space above normal water level, which space allows sufficient room for the water to freeze without said predetermined pressure being reached if the ice occupies said space.
  • Said one end part is preferably dished so as to project into the reservoir.
  • the preferred features of the invention are preferably used in combination in order to provide an extremely safe, compact, easy to construct, instal and repair water heating form of the apparatus.
  • the heating apparatus broadly comprises a heater unit 10 close coupled to a combined air inlet and exhaust outlet device 11.
  • the heater unit 10 broadly comprises a gas fueled heater assembly 12, and an enclosure 13 to constrain fluid to be heated to contact the heater assembly 12.
  • the heater assembly 12 includes a main body 14, in the form of a single aluminium alloy casting, which main body 14 is directly secured to said structure, serves as a mounting for a integrally replaceable burner and control unit 15 (figure 2) of the heater assembly, serves as a mounting for the enclosure 13, serves as a mounting for the combined device 11, and serves as a direct heat transfer body to transfer heat generated in the heater assembly to the fluid to be heated, as hereinafter described.
  • the combined device 11 includes a main assembly comprising an outer plate 16 about 18 cm wide by 18 cm high; a divider plate 17 spaced about 2 cm from the outer plate 16 so as to define a flow space 18 therebetween; a shaped surround 19 which supports several pillars 20 which locate the plates 16 and 17; a barrier 21 of round wire mounted on the pillars 20 so as to be located around the periphery of the flow space 18; and a wire mesh screen 22 located on the surround 19.
  • the surround 19 has a peripheral portion 23 and a convergent inner portion 24; disposed around a short air inlet duct 25 so that an outer end 26 of the inlet duct 25 lies in a first plane 27 and is bounded by a flow affecting portion 28 of an outer surface of the peripheral portion 23, which portion 28 lies in said first plane, and so that an inner end of the inlet duct 25 is bounded by an apertured inner end 29 of the inner portion 24.
  • the inner end of the inlet duct 25 is occupied by the screen 22.
  • the divider plate 17 is located substantially in said first plane so as to occupy most of the outer end 26 of the inlet duct 25 whereby to leave a narrow inlet opening 26A in said plane between the periphery of the divider plate 17 and the portion 28 of the outer surface.
  • the inlet duct is about 1 cm long between the plate 17; and the screen 22, and the inlet opening is about 1 cm wide at the top and sides of the plate 17 and about 3 cm wide at the bottom.
  • the assembly is only about 3 cm in depth between the outer plate and the screen and projects about 2h cm outwardly from said first plane.
  • the divider plate 17 and screen 22 are apertured to receive an outer portion 30 of an exhaust member 31 which defines an exhaust duct 30A and is common to the heater unit 10 and the combined device 11.
  • the outer portion 30 is about 7 cm in height and width and projects about 1 cm from the divider plate 17 into the flow space 18 to terminate at an exhaust outlet 32.
  • the portion 30 is located so that the outlet 32 is about 3 cm from the top of the periphery of the flow space 18, and is about 5 cm from the sides and 8 cm from the bottom of said periphery.
  • the outer portion 30 extends through the inlet duct so as to occupy part of the space between the divider plate and the screen, which space serves as a damping chamber 33.
  • the main body 14 comprises a main wall 34 at an inner end of a mounting extension comprising an outwardly projecting peripheral wall 35 having an outer end flanges 36.
  • the wall 35 extends, in use, through a wall 1 of the structure so that the flanged end abuts an outside surface 2 of the wall, and so that the body 12 rests on a floor 3 of the structure.
  • the flanged end 36 is apertured to receive fasteners to serve as means for securing the body 12, and thus the apparatus, to the structure, and to receive further fasteners securing the peripheral portion 23 of the surround 19 (and thus the main assembly) to the flanges 36, so that the surround 19 overlies and conceals the flanges 36 and so that said first plane is close to, e.g. to about 5 mm, from the plane of outside surface 2.
  • the structure may be recessed to allow the flanged end to be let into the wall 1 so that the first plane is closer to, is coplanar with or is even behind the plane of the surface 2.
  • the main wall is provided on one side, as shown in Figure 5, with:
  • the main wall 34 has therein:
  • the main wall is provided on its other side ( Figure 1) with a circular flange 60 having a chamfered annular projection 61 to support an elastomeric ring seal 62; water inflow baffle 63, and a clamp securing socket 64 co-axial with the axis of the circular flange 60.
  • the exhaust member 31 has a horizontal top wall and the tapered portion 37 decreases in height and increases in width from the outer portion 30 to an inner end flange 38 clamped to the webs 40.
  • the portion 37 engages the partition 51 so that the latter serves as a partition between the combustion chamber 41, 42 and an air chamber 65, 66, 67 bounded by the peripheral wall 35, the screen 22 and the partition 51.
  • the air chamber 65, 66 and 67 comprises an upper portion 65 above the level of the combustion chamber, a main portion 66 between the screen 22 and the partition, and a lower portion 67 between the partition and the part of the surround 19 below the level of the screen 22.
  • the burner and control unit 15 ( Figure 2) comprises a burner assembly 70; a solenoid actuated gas valve assembly 71; automatic electronic control means in a housing 72; ignition means in the form of an ignition electrode 73, sensor means comprising a flame sensor electrode 74 and a thermostat 75 located in the socket 45 in thermal contact therewith and manually presettable by means of a rotatable knob 76 which projects through an opening 77 in the thermostat socket 45, and a mounting 78 dimensioned to abut the main wall 34 so as to close the lower aperture 48.
  • the valve assembly 71 is secured to the main wall 34 by the fasteners 79 to receive gas from the duct 53.
  • the burner assembly 70 comprises an elongate hollow rectangular burner 80 mechanically connected to the valve assembly 71 by a mixing chamber 81 in which a jet 82 ( Figure 4) of the assembly 71 confronts a partially open end of the burner 80.
  • the burner 80 is mounted adjacent one side of the mounting 78 by spacer supports 83, and the housing 72 is mounted adjacent the other side of the mounting 78 by the same spacer supports 83.
  • One of these supports 83 secures a carrier 84, on which the electrodes 73 and 74 are mounted, to the mounting 78, and these electrodes are connected electrically to the automatic electronic control means.
  • the latter is also electrically connected to the solenoid actuated gas valve assembly 71 and to the thermostat 75 which is mounted on a carrier 85 secured to said assembly 71.
  • the mixing chamber 81 has open opposite sides 86 which are blanked-off by the mounting 78, the main wall 34 and the partition member 51; has a small opening 87 in one end below the bottom level of a valve body 88 of the valve assembly 71; a further opening 89 in the end opposite and co-axial with the jet 82, which end restricts the open end of the burner 80; and an upper flange 91 which engages one side wall 40 of the combustion chamber 41, 42 so that the valve assembly 71 is protected from heat in the combustion chamber 41, 42 by said mixing chamber 81. Fasteners secure the valve body 88 to the mixing chamber 81.
  • the burner 80 is located in a lower portion 42 of the combustion chamber so as to provide spaces therein at each side of and below the burner, and so that a flame zone 92 in the combustion chamber above the burner is located above the level of the bottom of the screen.
  • the bottom portion of the partition 51 is shaped to provide a primary air inlet 93 between the lower portion 67 of the air chamber and a space 94 below the valve body 88; and to provide a larger secondary air inlet 95 between the lower portion 67 and the space below the burner in the lower portion 42.
  • the partition member 51 abuts the other end 80A of the burner to hold the end 80A against the main wall 34.
  • a thermal insulation member 96 extends upwards within the combustion chamber alongside the partition member 51, and is held by the latter against the fins 43.
  • the automatic electronic control means may be of any suitable form, but in this embodiment is substantially as described in our aforesaid co-pending application.
  • the housing 72 incorporates a socket 97 for a multiple pin connector plug 98 which has leads to a remote control unit 99 providing a manually actuable switch, indicators, a fuse and electricity supply connectors.
  • a supply voltage discriminator is included in the electronic control means to shut-down the heating apparatus when the supply voltage is below a predetermined voltage, and to restart the apparatus when the necessary working voltage is restored.
  • the unit 99 includes an indicator diode labled "low voltage" which is illuminated whilst the voltage is low, in addition to diodes to indicate normal heater operation, and a fault or malfunction induced "lock-out" condition.
  • the safety device 58 comprises a screwed-in hollow replaceable insert having discharge openings 100 in the combustion chamber and, at the other side of the main wall 34, is closed by a plug 101 of a material which melts at a specific temperature.
  • the enclosure 13 comprises an elongate cylindrical water container 103 having a re-entrant end portion 104 through which one end part 102 of tie bar 105 of a clamping device extends to receive a nut 108.
  • the other end part 107 of the tie bar is secured in the threaded socket 64.
  • the nut 108 recessed to accept a seal 109, engages the portion 104 to thrust the container 103 towards the main wall 34, whereby to engage the other end portion 110 against the flange 60 and the seal 62 to make sealing engagement therewith.
  • a moulded two part insulating cover 112 surrounds the container 103 and provides a moulded-in recess to receive the housing 72.
  • the container 103 and main body 14 together serve as a reservoir 13A for water which is supplied via a pipe (or hose) ' not shown and the internal duct 56 to enter the reservoir via the opening 57 to bring the water to a normal level 113 just covering the top of the opening 55 to leave a normal air space 114 above the water.
  • the gas flow from the jet 82 causes a gas and primary combustion air mixture to flow from an upper part of the mixing chamber 81 into the burner 80 via the opening 89, and causes primary combustion air to be drawn into the upper part of the mixing chamber along a tortuous flow path through the inlet opening 26A, the inlet duct 25, the screen 22, the main and lower portions 66 and 67 of the air chamber, the primary air inlet 93, the space below the valve body 88, the opening 87 and the lower part of the mixing chamber 81 so that the air undergoes at least five or six changes in direction along said flow path prior to changing direction in the upper part to enter the opening 89.
  • the automatic electronic control unit halts the ignition electrode energisation and assumes a running condition requiring only a few milliwatts of electrical power as described in our said British Application. Heat is absorbed by the fins 43 and the main wall 34 and is conducted through the latter to the water in the reservoir.
  • Combustion heat causes an exhaust flow to rise in the combustion chamber and thus to flow through the exhaust duct and the flow space 18 to atmosphere; and causes a flow of secondary combustion air to be drawn to the flame zone above the burner 80 along a tortuous path through the inlet opening 26A, the inlet duct 25, the screen 22, the main and lower portions 66 and 67 of the air chamber, the secondary air inlet 95 and the spaces at each side of and below the burner 80, so that the air undergoes at least four or five changes in direction along said flow path.
  • Heating continues until the thermostat responds to the main wall (and thus the water) reaching a desired temperature, whereupon the gas flow to the burner is shut off, and the automatic electronic control unit assumes a stand-by (monitoring) condition requiring minimal electrical power, until such time as the thermostat responds to a fall in temperature whereupon the ignition sequence is commenced to restart heating.
  • the heating apparatus has many advantages in that, for example:
  • the heater assembly may include a main body which has further fins on the side opposite to the combustion chamber for heating air constrained to flow past these further fins by an enclosure having openings to receive air from and to return heated air to a space within a structure, whereby to provide a warm air space heater unit.
  • the exhaust member 31 may be replaced by other suitable means for providing a suitable exhaust duct, e.g. an outer duct portion defined by a hollow exhaust part, carried by or integrally formed with the divider plate, and an inner duct portion defined by an exhaust member which is mounted on the heater assembly so as to engage said outer duct portion.
  • the exhaust member may be integral with or secured to the partition or an upper part of the partition 51.
  • the surround and divider plate may be integral, e.g. formed as a moulding or casting, and apertured to provide an array of inlet openings 26B in said plane 27, as indicated in broken lines in Figure 3.
  • the partition 51 may be modified so that only a lower part 51 A of the partition has to be removed for removal of the unit 15, and said lower part 51 A may be attached to the unit 15 as indicated in broken lines in Figure 2.
  • Additional insulation may be provided e.g. as indicated in broken lines and by reference numerals 120 and 121 in Figure 1, and additional locating devices, such as the insulation locating clip 122 and a mounting locating lug 123 (indicated in Figure 2) may also be provided.
  • the electrodes 73 and 74 may be mounted directly on the mounting 78.
  • the heater preferably includes a normal pressure relief valve 124 removably inserted into a pressure relief duct, in a part 125, which duct leads to the outlet duct 54 and opening 55, for discharging steam or water, e.g. onto the burner assembly, if a predetermined pressure, e.g. below that at which the end portion 104 yields, is exceeded.
  • the replaceable burner and control unit may be used in other types of heating apparatus; and said unit may be modified for insertion into a heater unit upwardly from below or from either side of a part of the heater unit which defines part of the combustion chamber.
  • the outer and divider plates and the screen may be partially, instead of wholly, removable; and may be pivotally or hingedly connected to the surround or main body, so that the air inlet duct, or the lower part thereof, can be swung open for access to the partition and burner assembly, upon releasable retaining means, e.g. a catch or fastener, being released.
  • releasable retaining means e.g. a catch or fastener

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Housings, Intake/Discharge, And Installation Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Erhitzer, enthaltend einen thermisch leitenden Hauptkörper (14), einen Brenner (80) zum Verbrennen von Brennstoff in einer Verbrennungskammer (41, 42), um den Hauptkörper zu erwärmen, eine Ventilanordnung (71), der eine Steuereinrichtung zugeordnet ist, um eine Zufuhr von verbrennbarem Brennstoff zu regeln und eine Zündvorrichtung (73) zum Einleiten der Verbrennung in Abhängigkeit von einem handbetätigten, elektrischen Schalter zu betätigen, der an die Steuereinrichtung, eine Sensoreinrichtung, die einen Flammensensor (74) zum Feststellen des Vorhandenseins einer Verbrennung umfaßt, und einen Thermostat (75) anschließbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
(a) der Körper eine aufrecht stehende Wärme- übertragungs-Hauptwand (34) enthält, die eine der Wärme in der Verbrennungskammer ausgesetzte Verbrennungskammerseite hat und mit einem Brennstoff-Anschlußkanal (53) versehen ist, um Brennstoff durch eine an den Körper (14) anschließbare Versorgungsleitung (115) zu erhalten,
(b) der Erhitzer eine insgesamt auswechselbare Einheit (15) aufweist, die zu ihrer Bildung zusammengefaßt den Flammensensor (74), den Thermostat (75), die Brennerzündvorrichtung (73), die Ventilanordnung (71), den Brenner (80) und eine elektronische, automatische Steuereinheit (72) der Steuereinrichtung enthält,
(c) die auswechselbare Einheit (15) mittels Befestigungsorganen (79) lösbar an der Hauptwand (34) des Körpers (14) befestigt ist, derart, daß
(I) der Brenner und die Ventilanordnung sich auf der Brennkammerseite der Hauptwand (34) befinden,
(11) die Ventilanordnung lösbar an dem Körper
(14) angebracht ist, um zum Empfang von Brennstoff abdichtend an dem Körper um den Brennstoff-Anschlußkanal (5) herum anzuliegen,
(111) der Thermostat (75) in thermisch leitendem Kontakt mit der Hauptwand (34) gehalten ist, und
(IV) die elektronische, automatische Steuereinheit (72) in einem Raum untergebracht ist, der von dem Heizraum getrennt ist, in dem sich der Brenner befindet, so daß die elektronische, automatische Steuereinheit (72) gegenüber der Brennkammerwärme abgeschirmt ist,
(d) der Flammensensor, die Zündvorrichtung, die Ventilanordnung und der Thermostat in der auswechselbaren Einheit (15) elektrisch an die elektronische, automatische Steuereinheit (72) angeschlossen sind, so daß die gesamte auswechselbare Einheit (15) unversehrt durch Lösen der Befestigungsorgane (79) abgenommen werden kann.
2. Erhitzer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Körper (14) eine Öffnung (48) angebracht ist, und daß zwischen der elektronischen, automatischen Steuereinrichtung (72) und dem Brenner (80) ein Montageelement (78) vorgesehen ist, um diese Öffnung (48) zu verschließen und gegen den Körper (14) zwischen der Verbrennungskammer und dem Raum anzuliegen, in welchem sich die elektronische, automatische Steuereinrichtung befindet.
3. Erhitzer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbrennungskammer zwischen der Hauptwand (34) und einer an dem Körper (14) befestigten Trennwand (51) liegt, die abnehmbar ist, um Zugang zum Herausnehmen der vollständigen, insgesamt auswechselbaren Einheit (15) zu erhalten.
4. Erhitzer nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieser Hauptkörper (14) Raum zur Unterbringung eines Teiles eines kombinierten Lufteinlaß-Abgasauslaßgerätes (11) in einer Seite des Hauptkörpers entlang der Trennwand (41) aufweist und weiterhin an der Hauptwand (34) ein Montageelement für ein Gehäuse (103) umfaßt, das ein strömungsfähiges Medium aufnimmt, welches in Kontakt mit dieser anderen Seite dieses Hauptkörpers erwärmt werden soll.
5. Erhitzer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 mit einem Speicher (13a) für von dem Hauptkörper (14) zu erwärmendes Wasser, wobei die elektronische, automatische Steuereinrichtung auf einen Flammendefekt im Bereich der Brenneranordnung (70) und auf den Thermostat (75) anspricht, um die Ventilanordnung (71) abzusperren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Sicherungseinrichtung (58) vorgesehen ist, die dazu dient, daß ein Teil des Inhaltes des Speichers (13A) gegen die Brenneranordnung (70) und/oder die Zündvorrichtung (73) für den Fall geschleudert wird, daß die Temperatur und/oder der Druck in dem Speicher einen vorgegebenen Wert überschreitet, und daß die elektronische, automatische Steuereinrichtung (72) darauf anspricht, um die Ventilanordnung abzusperren und eine weitere Betätigung der Zündvorrichtung (73) zu verhindern.
6. Erhitzer nach Anspruch 5, bei dem der Speicher (13A) durch eine Anordnung gebildet ist, die einen Behälter (103) umfaßt, der an einem Montageelement (60, 64) an dem Hauptkörper (14) mittels einer Befestigungseinrichtung (105) befestigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungseinrichtung (105) sich durch einen Endabschnitt (104) des Behälters und durch das Innere des Behälters erstreckt, um mit dem Montageelement (64) zusammenzuwirken, so daß der andere Endabschnitt des Behälters gegen das Montageelement (60) und eine Dichtung (62) an dem Montageelement (60) gedrückt wird, um abdichtend dagegen anzuliegen, und daß die Anordnung bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Innendruckes oder einer bestimmten Andruckkraft elastisch nachzugeben vermag, so daß dieser andere Endabschnitt (104) sich durch den Innendruck oder Anpreßdruck in einem Ausmaß bewegen kann, welches ausreicht, um dieses abdichtende Anliegen zu unterbrechen.
7. Heizeinrichtung mit einer Erhitzereinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 und mit einem kombinierten Lufteinlaß- und Abgasauslaßgerät (11), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
(a) das kombinierte Gerät (11) einen Lufteinlaßkanal (25) zu der Luftkammer (65, 66 und 67) in dieser Erhitzereinheit bildet, und
(b) mindestens ein Teil des kombinierten Gerätes (11) von dem Hauptkörper abnehmbar ist um Zugang zu der insgesamt auswechselbaren Einheit (15) zu schaffen.
8. Heizvorrichtung, die in einen Baukörper mit einer Außenwand (1) eingesetzt ist und einen Erhitzer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 an der Innenseite dieser Wand und ein Lufteinlaß- und Abgasauslaßgerät (11) an der Außenseite der Wand umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens Teile des Lufteinlaß- und Abgasauslaßgerätes (11) lösbar an der Erhitzereinheit oder der Wand befestigt sind, um eine Öffnung zu erhalten, durch die die vollständige, insgesamt auswechselbare Einheit (15) von der Außenseite her abgenommen werden kann, wenn die Befestigungsorgane (79) gelöst werden, ohne eine Brennstoffversorgungsleitung (115) von dem Körper (14) lösen zu müssen.
9. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 8, bei der
(a) das kombinierte Gerät (11) einen Lufteinlaßkanal (25) zu einer Luftkammer (65, 66 und 67) in der Erhitzereinheit bildet, und
(b) die oder eine Trennwand (51) zwischen den Luft- und Verbrennungskammern liegt, und
(c) mindestens Teile des kombinierten Gerätes (11) und der Trennwand (51) von dem Hauptkörper lösbar sind, um Zugang zu der insgesamt auswechselbaren einzigen Einheit (15) zu schaffen.
10. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 7, 8 oder 9, bei der das kombinierte Gerät (11) eine Trennplatte (17), eine Außenplatte (16) und einen sich durch den Einlaßkanal (25) erstreckenden Auslaßkanal (30A) enthält, wobei die Trennplatte an einem Abgasauslaß (32) in einem Strömungsraum (18) zwischen den Trenn- und Außenplatten endet, wobei ein Außenende (26) des Einlaßkanals peripher von einer Einfassung (19) umgeben ist, und wobei die Trennplatte (17) derart angeordnet ist, daß sie partiell das Außenende (26) des Einlaßkanals (25) verschließt, um eine oder mehrere Einlaßöffnungen (276A) zwischen der Trennplatte und der Einfassung (19) frei zu lassen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenplatte (16), die Trennplatte (17) und die Einfassung (19) aneinander befestigt sind, um eine Hauptgruppe zu bilden, die von dem oder einem Teil des Abgaskanals (30A) und dieser Erhitzereinheit abnehmbar ist, und daß eine luftdurchlässige Abschirmung (22) zwischen dem Lufteinlaßkanal (25) und der oder einer Luftkammer (65, 66 und 67) angeordnet ist.
11. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 10, bei der die luftdurchlässige Abschirmung (22) an dem inneren Ende des Lufteinlaßkanals (25) angeordnet ist, derart daß der Raum innerhalb des Kanals zwischen der Abschirmung (22) und der Trennplatte (17) eine Eintrittskammer (33) bildet.
12. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 11, bei der das kombinierte Gerät (11) dicht an die Erhitzereinheit angeschlossen ist, so daß diese Luftkammer (65, 66 und 67) zwischen und parallel zu den Eintritts- und Verbrennungskammern (33, 41 und 42) liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenplatte (16) parallel zu dieser Trennplatte (17) liegt und nicht mehr als 3 cm von dieser Trennplatte entfernt ist, daß die Eintrittskammer (33) schmal ist, so daß die Abschirmung (22) parallel zu und innerhalb eines Abstands von 5 cm von der Trennplatte liegt, und daß de Gesamtabstand von der Abschirmung (24) zu der Außenplatte (16). weniger als 8 cm beträgt.
13. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der direkte Abstand zwischen der Abschirmung (22) und der Trennwand (51) klein im Vergleich zu der Gesamthöhe und/oder Breite der Luft- und Verbrennungskammern ist und vorzugsweise weniger als 10 cm beträgt.
14. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennwand (51) zwischen der Verbrennungskammer (41, 43) und der Luftkammer (65, 66 und 67) angeordnet ist, so daß ein Sekundärlufteinlaß (95) zwischen dem unteren Abschnitt (42) der Verbrennungskammer und einem unteren Abschnitt (67) der Luftkammer gebildet wird, und daß die durchlässige Abschirmung (22) dieser Trennwand (51) über einen Hauptabschnitt der Luftkammer gegenüberliegt, wobei dieser Hauptabschnitt der Luftkammer sich oberhalb des unteren Abschnittes der Luftkammer befindet.
15. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brenner (80) mit einem primären Verbrennungsluft- und Brennstoffgemisch versorgt wird, bei dem die primäre Verbrennungsluft aus dem unteren Abschnitt (67) der Luftkammer durch einen gekrümmten Kanal angesaugt wird, in dem die Strömung von diesem unteren Abschnitt (67) dazu gezwungen wird, die Richtung an einem Primäreinlaß (53) zu ändern, entlang einem eingeschnürten Kanal zu strömen, um in die Mischkammer (81) einzutreten, die Strömungsrichtung wieder zu ändern, um in der Mischkammer bis zu der Höhe der Brennstoffdüse (82) nach oben zu strömen, und um nochmals die Richtung zum Eintritt in den Brenner (80) zu ändern.
EP86114671A 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer Expired - Lifetime EP0222221B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848402803A GB8402803D0 (en) 1984-02-02 1984-02-02 Heating apparatus
GB8402803 1984-02-02

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85300601.3 Division 1985-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0222221A1 EP0222221A1 (de) 1987-05-20
EP0222221B1 true EP0222221B1 (de) 1990-11-07

Family

ID=10555981

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86114671A Expired - Lifetime EP0222221B1 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer
EP85300601A Expired EP0153046B1 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85300601A Expired EP0153046B1 (de) 1984-02-02 1985-01-29 Erhitzer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0222221B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE41992T1 (de)
DE (2) DE3569285D1 (de)
GB (2) GB8402803D0 (de)
HK (2) HK32889A (de)
SG (2) SG31188G (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8402803D0 (en) 1984-02-02 1984-03-07 Carver & Co Eng Heating apparatus
GB8821591D0 (en) * 1988-09-15 1988-10-12 Potterton Int Ltd Heating boiler installation
EP1132692A3 (de) * 2000-03-10 2003-01-22 Comercial Caravaning, S.C. Gasbeheizter Durchlauferhitzer für Wohnwagen
GB2366609A (en) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-13 Taiwan Sakura Corp A gas heater for mounting within a wall
EP1504804A1 (de) * 2003-08-01 2005-02-09 Eurotecno S.R.L. Anordnung für partielle Rezirkulation der Abgase von mit Gas oder anderen Brennstoffen betriebenen Heizkesseln

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3168091A (en) * 1962-04-24 1965-02-02 Utah Hydro Corp Controlled draft device for combustion heaters for enclosed vehicular structures
GB1076677A (en) * 1965-06-22 1967-07-19 Empire Stove Company Gas-fired space heater
US3789827A (en) * 1971-12-08 1974-02-05 T Kolkka Rock heater for sauna bath
GB1334003A (en) * 1972-06-27 1973-10-17 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Gas or liquid fuel-fired water heaters
DE3012548C2 (de) * 1980-03-31 1984-11-08 Philipp Kreis GmbH & Co Truma-Gerätebau, 8000 München Heißwasserbereiter
GB2076508B (en) * 1980-05-10 1984-02-22 Morco Products Ltd Gas-fired water heater
GB2090387A (en) * 1980-12-12 1982-07-07 Jacques Robert A radiant heating assembly for a boiler
GB2123525B (en) 1982-07-17 1986-03-19 Carver And Co Improvements in or relating to the actuation of fluid flow control valves
GB8402803D0 (en) 1984-02-02 1984-03-07 Carver & Co Eng Heating apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2153989A (en) 1985-08-29
GB8502183D0 (en) 1985-02-27
SG12389G (en) 1989-07-07
HK32889A (en) 1989-04-28
DE3569285D1 (en) 1989-05-11
GB8402803D0 (en) 1984-03-07
GB2153989B (en) 1987-09-03
EP0153046A3 (en) 1986-02-12
SG31188G (en) 1988-09-30
EP0153046B1 (de) 1989-04-05
EP0222221A1 (de) 1987-05-20
HK42589A (en) 1989-06-09
DE3580483D1 (de) 1990-12-13
ATE41992T1 (de) 1989-04-15
EP0153046A2 (de) 1985-08-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4924816A (en) Water heater with flame spill-out prevention arrangement
US4651714A (en) High efficiency water heater
US5429112A (en) Infra-red radiant tube heater
US4550689A (en) Gas instantaneous water heater
EP0222221B1 (de) Erhitzer
US20110277706A1 (en) Gas-fired heating device having a thermopile
US5146911A (en) Exterior enclosure for gas-fired water heater
US7438023B2 (en) Heating device having a thermal cut-off circuit for a fuel line and method of operating the same
US4519458A (en) Flue fire controller
CN109416198A (zh) 一种车载燃气式热水器
CA2582201A1 (en) Water heater with flammable vapor and co sensors
GB2220059A (en) Water heating apparatus
GB2154314A (en) Balanced flue beating apparatus
US3056400A (en) Air inlet and smoke outlet baffle structure for gas fired heater
CN213237465U (zh) 集成在蒸箱内部的蒸汽发生器
US4303055A (en) Waste oil heater having fuel control system
US20180363949A1 (en) Safety system for a gas fueled water heater
US1691334A (en) Hot-water heater
US2448142A (en) Vaporizing type burner with
US2898980A (en) Conversion unit
US2099383A (en) Heating apparatus
JPS6023636Y2 (ja) 給湯装置
CN216790206U (zh) 一种可控气氛废气点火电阻装置
CN220958945U (zh) 一种具有气流监控保护功能的燃气壁挂炉
AU657340B2 (en) A gas booster apparatus for a tank of a solar hot water heater

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19861030

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 153046

Country of ref document: EP

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19880509

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 153046

Country of ref document: EP

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3580483

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19901213

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19940127

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19940131

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940326

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19950131

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: CARVER & CO. (ENGINEERS) LTD

Effective date: 19950131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950929

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19951003

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST