EP0221978A1 - Flasche für wassernotverpflegung und verfahren zur herstellung einer flasche mit wassernotverpflegung. - Google Patents
Flasche für wassernotverpflegung und verfahren zur herstellung einer flasche mit wassernotverpflegung.Info
- Publication number
- EP0221978A1 EP0221978A1 EP86903337A EP86903337A EP0221978A1 EP 0221978 A1 EP0221978 A1 EP 0221978A1 EP 86903337 A EP86903337 A EP 86903337A EP 86903337 A EP86903337 A EP 86903337A EP 0221978 A1 EP0221978 A1 EP 0221978A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bottle
- water
- bottle according
- spout
- thread
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
- B65D1/0223—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2203/00—Decoration means, markings, information elements, contents indicators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2501/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece
- B65D2501/0009—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures designed for pouring contents
- B65D2501/0081—Bottles of non-circular cross-section
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bottle for emergency water supply and a method for producing a bottle with emergency water supply.
- a water-containing bottle serving as an emergency preserve or as emergency catering is thrown off an aircraft or from ships in life rafts and is used on life rafts and in life boats.
- High demands are placed on such a bottle.
- packed in a life raft it must be able to be thrown into the water from a height of at least 36 meters without any risk of damage, it also having to be insensitive, in particular, to crude oil and the content of the triric water being storable. t of up to 5 years.
- plastic packs are sometimes used to avoid these disadvantages.
- These are small sachets that are made from a tubular film by first filling the tubular structure with water and then welding and dividing it up at predetermined intervals.
- Such water-containing packages made of plastic have a content of approx. 100 ml.
- Polypropylene is preferably used as the material for the tube, the filled packages being sterilized using a UV lamp.
- silver nitrate for the sterilization of the water used for emergency catering, whereby such disinfection is often rejected and in individual countries only boiled water is approved as emergency catering.
- These small, relatively small amounts of water-containing packages made of plastic have the disadvantage that they are not sufficiently resistant to mechanical effects such as occur when they are dropped from a height of at least 36 meters. These packages usually tear open so that the water escapes.
- the invention has for its object to provide a bottle for emergency water supply, which, packaged in a life raft, remains dimensionally stable even when dropped from heights of up to 40 meters and which allows a comparatively high packing density.
- a method for producing such a bottle with boiled, sterilized water is to be specified.
- the bottle for water emergency laying according to the invention is very dimensionally stable due to its material and its special spatial shape.
- the high density polyethylene is particularly suitable for the intended purpose. In addition to a comparatively high compressive and tensile strength, it has excellent resistance in the range of atmospheric temperatures. Due to the fact that the bottle is designed as a flat body and has a bevelled end face with the spout, it is possible to pack several bottles in a small space.
- the arched lower floor and the displacement of the filling funnel in the upper floor on one side serve to dampen the impact energy when the bottle hits the water level when it is ejected from a greater height and prevent the bottle neck from striking.
- the one-sided attachment of the filling funnel or spout to the bottle also serves for better handling of the bottle when drinking without spilling drinking water, for example in high seas.
- the bottle has a closure stopper also made of high-density polyethylene, which has a conically shaped stopper engaging in the bottle neck and a thread engaging in the thread of the spout.
- a closure stopper also made of high-density polyethylene, which has a conically shaped stopper engaging in the bottle neck and a thread engaging in the thread of the spout.
- both the plug and the spout have a saw thread.
- This special thread has the advantage that after the sterilization process of the filled drinking water has taken place, the screw cap cannot be clamped in such a way that it is undesirably difficult to open the bottle.
- both the sealing plug and the spout can carry a trapezoidal thread.
- the spout has a flange beneath the thread.
- the lower annular surface of the sealing plug is slightly distant from the upper annular surface of the flange.
- the polyethylene is kept free of organic dyes or the like. This ensures that the material of the bottle does not release any substances that affect the taste of the water.
- the invention further proposes that a glass-clear viewing strip running in the longitudinal direction of the bottle is formed in a side wall of the bottle.
- the sight bar which is preferably provided in a narrow side, enables the bottle's degree of filling to be read correctly, which is not readily possible through the other wall parts, which are not necessarily crystal-clear.
- the view bar can be provided with a corresponding scale for the purpose of an accurate reading.
- radii of the interior edges of the bottle are rounded off by at least 5 mm so that point loads, such as can occur when the bottle is ejected from a great height, are avoided.
- the spout is also integrally formed on the inclined surface with radius transitions, as a result of which the bottle maintains the required stability even in this critical area.
- a text field is provided on a side wall of the bottle with information given in a friction-resistant profile font.
- the profile lettering can be pressed or milled into the side wall and contains, among other things, information about permits and regulations of the respective countries for the water quality of the emergency water supply.
- the degree of filling of the bottle with water be approximately 95%. Because of the advantageous shape of the bottle, the packaging requirement of a filled bottle is only 20 to 25% larger than that. Bottle volume, so that the space available in a cleaning island is used very well. The cans previously used require a larger packaging space for a comparable amount of drinking water.
- the bottle is petroleum-resistant and resistant to temperatures from -35 ° C to 125 ° C, so that the sterilization process of the filled water can take place without damaging the bottle and it is ready for use under the most varied climatic conditions.
- the process according to the invention provides that a high-density polyethylene free from organic dyes is used for the production of the bottle, that the polyethylene is stabilized in the finished state of the bottle by means of UV light and that the bottle is then filled with water, sealed and sterilized becomes. It is essential here that the polyethylene, which is kept free of organic dyes or the like, does not give off any substances which influence the taste of the water. For this reason, the material of the manufactured bottle is stabilized again with UV light, which prevents traces of the substances contained in the polyethylene from being able to pass into the drinking water.
- the drinking water is sterilized in the finished bottle in such a way that the bottle is filled with filtered drinking water, closed and then heated to .20 ° C. in a pressurized water bath.
- the duration of the heating is not critical, but it should be at least 10 minutes.
- the high dimensional stability of the stabilized polyethylene of the type mentioned is particularly useful when sterilizing the water in the bottle.
- the material of the bottle was stabilized before sterilization, so that during the heating process it is avoided that components of the bottle which distort the taste get into the drinking water.
- the bottles are labeled, in particular the date of filling and the last day of use being placed next to the pouring of the bottle.
- the invention is partly shown schematically in the drawing. Show it: 1A to F show various process stations in the manufacture of the emergency containers containing drinking water;
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the bottom of the bottle according to FIG. 2;
- Fig. '5 is a diagram over the stacking of the bottle ge Frankfurtss Fig. 2;
- FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the bottle according to the invention in a side view
- FIGS. 6 and 7 shows a view of a narrow side of the bottle according to FIGS. 6 and
- FIG. 8 shows a cross section through the saw thread of the bottle according to FIG. 6.
- the high-density polyethylene present as granules is melted at A and driven into a multi-part mold 2 by means of a spraying and blowing machine 1 having an annular nozzle. After cooling the.
- the shape of the molded part in the present case the bottle 3 used to accommodate the emergency catering, is removed from the shape.
- station C the material of the bottle is stabilized by means of UV rays.
- the chamber 5 serves this purpose, through which the bottles 3 are successively passed, whereby they are advantageously rotated about their central axis 6 so that all surfaces are uniformly exposed to UV light.
- the next station D is made from a purified drinking water Tank 7 water into the bottle 3, whereupon they are closed by a stopper 8.
- the drinking water is now sterilized or sterilized, as indicated at E.
- the individual bottles 3 are placed in a water bath 9, which is then closed by the lid 10 and, as indicated at 11, is heated up to 120 ° under pressure. This temperature must be maintained for at least 10 minutes, but not longer than 20 minutes. This ensures / that all virulent germs and algae in drinking water and on the bottle are killed. This process should not take longer than 20 minutes, otherwise there is a risk that permanent deformations will occur due to the permanent load.
- the bottles that are now finished, as shown at F are now cooled by means of compressed air 12, and then surrounded with a thin plastic skin and stored for shipping.
- the container 3 formed in bottle form is formed as a flat body with an edge ratio of the high edge 13, 13 'to the bottom edge 14 and deep edge 15 of 1: 0, 6: 0.4.
- the high edge 13 is somewhat longer than the edge 13 ', the mean value being taken for the high edge.
- the interior 17 of the bottle 3 is 5% larger than the water volume 16 of the bottle. This creates a cavity 18 above the bottle, which serves as an air cushion when the bottle is ejected and strikes e.g. serves on the surface of the sea.
- the bottom 19 of the bottle has an internal curvature 20, this internal curvature serving to absorb the impact movement during a violent impact movement of the water, for example in the direction of the arrows 21, with deformation.
- the wall thickness of the wall 22 is 1 to 1.5 mm, depending on the volume of the room; for a 500 ml bottle 1 mm.
- the projection 23 'of the spout 23 is also well rounded, so that point loads are avoided in this critical area as well.
- the spout 23 is arranged near the area of the long edge 13. It carries a trapezoidal thread 25 into which the thread 26 of the sealing plug 27 engages.
- this cone comes to rest against the spout in region 24.
- the consequence of this is that the bottle neck of the spout widens slightly when the screw is moved further, and thus the thread 25, 26 has a self-locking effect.
- the inclined surface 28 serves to produce a transverse component S when the water hits in the direction of the arrow R.
- the cross flow S which is formed creates water in the region of the critical cross section or attachment of the closure to the container 3, which mitigate the impact energy in the endangered region.
- FIG. 6 and 7 show a modified embodiment of the bottle according to the invention with the most important dimensions, this bottle being intended to hold 500 ml of drinking water.
- the spout has a saw thread 33, which is shown in FIG. 8 on an enlarged scale. The arrangement of this saw thread ensures that the screw cap does not get into such a clamped fit after the sterilization process that the bottle can only be opened with great effort.
- the spout is provided with a flange 34, from which the lower ring surface of the sealing plug is slightly spaced in the closed position.
- a shrink seal not shown in the drawing, is applied.
- a text field 35 is provided (FIG. 6), which contains, among other things, approval information for the water filling, which has been issued by the individual countries in question.
- a crystal-clear viewing strip 36 is formed, which contains a scale, with which the degree of filling of the water content of the bottle 3 can be read.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
- Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT86903337T ATE37834T1 (de) | 1985-05-17 | 1986-05-16 | Flasche fuer wassernotverpflegung und verfahren zur herstellung einer flasche mit wassernotverpflegung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8514691U | 1985-05-17 | ||
| DE8514691U DE8514691U1 (de) | 1985-05-17 | 1985-05-17 | Aus einem Kunststoff bestehende Flasche mit Wasser-Notverpflegung |
| DE3545116 | 1985-12-19 | ||
| DE19853545116 DE3545116A1 (de) | 1985-05-17 | 1985-12-19 | Flasche fuer wassernotverpflegung und verfahren zur herstellung einer flasche mit wassernotverpflegung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0221978A1 true EP0221978A1 (de) | 1987-05-20 |
| EP0221978B1 EP0221978B1 (de) | 1988-10-12 |
Family
ID=25839074
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86903337A Expired EP0221978B1 (de) | 1985-05-17 | 1986-05-16 | Flasche für wassernotverpflegung und verfahren zur herstellung einer flasche mit wassernotverpflegung |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4832965A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0221978B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH01502738A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR910007959B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE37834T1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR8606679A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE3545116A1 (de) |
| NO (1) | NO169222C (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1986006700A1 (de) |
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| USD353464S (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1994-12-13 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Reagent container for a chemical analyzer |
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| US5464107A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-11-07 | Owens-Illinois Plastic Products Inc. | Hollow plastic container with viewing stripe and method of making |
| GB9420650D0 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1994-11-30 | Metal Box Plc | Thermal processing method and apparatus for use with packaging containers |
| CA2166450C (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 2008-03-25 | Ronald Salovey | Chemically crosslinked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene for artificial human joints |
| US5606169A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-02-25 | Westvaco Corporation | Ultraviolet light sterilization retrofit for paperboard packaging filling machines |
| US8563623B2 (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 2013-10-22 | The General Hospital Corporation | Radiation melt treated ultra high molecular weight polyethylene prosthetic devices |
| US8865788B2 (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 2014-10-21 | The General Hospital Corporation | Radiation and melt treated ultra high molecular weight polyethylene prosthetic devices |
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| US5918753A (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1999-07-06 | Graham Packaging Corporation | Container for automotive fluids |
| US5690958A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1997-11-25 | Medi-Flex Hospital Products, Inc. | Unit dose chlorhexadine gluconate(CHG) applicator having extended CHG shelf life |
| US6237792B1 (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2001-05-29 | State Industrial Products | Reinforced bottle having integral handles |
| CA2370208C (en) | 1999-04-21 | 2008-09-09 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Selectively cross-linked polyethylene orthopedic devices |
| CA2429930C (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2008-10-14 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Sequentially cross-linked polyethylene |
| USD512641S1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-12-13 | Mark L. Anderson | Calf bottle |
| JP2007135473A (ja) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-07 | Nippon Kurea Kk | 実験動物飼育用の給水具 |
| EP1954994A4 (de) * | 2005-12-02 | 2012-03-21 | Glaxosmithkline Llc | Kühl- und lagerbehalter für biopharmazeutische wirkstoffe |
| EP2139777B1 (de) | 2007-03-16 | 2012-09-26 | Treofan Germany GmbH & Co.KG | Verpackung für uv sterilisation |
| US20090184027A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Rose Plastic Usa, L.P. | Impact resistant container |
| US7514006B1 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-04-07 | Calpoly Corporation | Field water purification system |
| US8287729B2 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2012-10-16 | California Polytechnic Corporation | Field water purification system |
| USD630516S1 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2011-01-11 | Plastipak Packging, Inc. | Container body portion |
| US8864399B2 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2014-10-21 | Carefusion 2200, Inc. | Antiseptic applicator assembly |
| CA2846612C (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-01-15 | Mccormick & Company, Incorporated | Dispensing container for liquids |
| US11913600B2 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2024-02-27 | Khurram Raza | Shaped bottle with attachment feature |
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| US4592884A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1986-06-03 | Little Rapids Corp. | Method for making specimen containers |
| GB2164914B (en) * | 1984-10-02 | 1988-06-22 | Bell Products Limited | A petrol can |
| JPH0714511B2 (ja) * | 1984-10-27 | 1995-02-22 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体製造ライン用純水製造装置 |
| USD289376S (en) | 1984-11-20 | 1987-04-21 | Pennzoil Company | Bottle or similar article |
-
1985
- 1985-12-19 DE DE19853545116 patent/DE3545116A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-05-16 EP EP86903337A patent/EP0221978B1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-05-16 US US07/006,498 patent/US4832965A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-05-16 WO PCT/EP1986/000298 patent/WO1986006700A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1986-05-16 DE DE8686903337T patent/DE3660892D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-05-16 BR BR8606679A patent/BR8606679A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-05-16 KR KR1019870700031A patent/KR910007959B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1986-05-16 JP JP61502807A patent/JPH01502738A/ja active Pending
- 1986-05-16 AT AT86903337T patent/ATE37834T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-01-16 NO NO870203A patent/NO169222C/no unknown
-
1988
- 1988-12-08 US US07/281,214 patent/US4957209A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8606700A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR910007959B1 (ko) | 1991-10-04 |
| NO169222C (no) | 1992-05-27 |
| DE3545116A1 (de) | 1986-11-20 |
| US4832965A (en) | 1989-05-23 |
| DE3660892D1 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
| KR870700552A (ko) | 1987-12-30 |
| US4957209A (en) | 1990-09-18 |
| JPH01502738A (ja) | 1989-09-21 |
| ATE37834T1 (de) | 1988-10-15 |
| WO1986006700A1 (fr) | 1986-11-20 |
| EP0221978B1 (de) | 1988-10-12 |
| BR8606679A (pt) | 1987-08-11 |
| NO870203L (no) | 1987-01-16 |
| NO169222B (no) | 1992-02-17 |
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