EP0210138A2 - Fermeture en matière plastique munie d'une bande de garantie - Google Patents
Fermeture en matière plastique munie d'une bande de garantie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0210138A2 EP0210138A2 EP86810329A EP86810329A EP0210138A2 EP 0210138 A2 EP0210138 A2 EP 0210138A2 EP 86810329 A EP86810329 A EP 86810329A EP 86810329 A EP86810329 A EP 86810329A EP 0210138 A2 EP0210138 A2 EP 0210138A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cap
- guarantee band
- guarantee
- closure
- plastic closure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 206010053648 Vascular occlusion Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
- B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
- B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
- B65D47/08—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures
- B65D47/0804—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage
- B65D47/0809—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage and elastically biased towards both the open and the closed positions
- B65D47/0814—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage and elastically biased towards both the open and the closed positions by at least three hinge sections, at least one having a length different from the others
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
- B65D2401/15—Tearable part of the closure
- B65D2401/25—Non-metallic tear-off strips
Definitions
- Guarantee tapes on plastic closures serve as a guarantee of integrity for a product packaged in a container with a plastic closure. So far, guarantee tapes are only known on two-part plastic closures. In the case of such closures, which consist of a separate lower part and a cap that can be placed thereon, the guarantee band is connected to the lower part via webs and completely wrap around the closure, that is to say by 360 degrees.
- Form-locking means arranged on the guarantee band make it impossible to open the cap before the guarantee band is torn.
- the guarantee band can also be fastened to the cap and engage positively in the lower part.
- the present invention relates to a plastic closure consisting of a lower part and a cap connected to it in one piece via a hinge and a guarantee band arranged on the lower closure part.
- a plastic closure of the type mentioned which is characterized in that on Closure part of a guarantee band is arranged which extends at most over half the circumference around the cap and in this area extends at least approximately according to the height of the cap, the guarantee band being arranged symmetrically to the hinge on its opposite side of the cap.
- Such a closure can have a nose arranged on the cap, which protrudes approximately by the thickness of the guarantee band and engages in a positive recess in the guarantee band in the closed state.
- the guarantee band can absorb pressure forces of the cap in the opening direction, such as occur during transport and due to pressure differences. In this way, the snap hinge closure can withstand the pressure even without additional locking elements when pasteurizing or sterilizing the packaged product.
- a further advantageous embodiment provides that a lateral recessed grip that runs into the cap surface is formed in the cap.
- cap of the plastic closure according to the invention is provided on the side opposite the hinge with a pressure trough which is completely covered by the guarantee band when the closure is closed, a simple opening aid is obtained.
- the guarantee band lies as close as possible to the cap, the risk of the guarantee band being inadvertently broken is low.
- the guarantee band is connected to the lower closure part via webs, the length of which corresponds at least approximately to the material thickness of the guarantee band.
- the design of the guarantee band according to the invention always causes a tear perpendicular to the band when it is torn off Force component running in the direction of the web.
- This force component causes a large notch effect on the webs, by means of which the sealing tape is attached to the lower part. This apparently insignificant fact makes it possible for the first time to manufacture a plastic closure with a guarantee tape made of polypropylene.
- FIGS. 1-5 show one and the same closure in different views, the sealing tape being present in FIGS. 1-4, the same being removed in FIG. 5.
- the closure consists of a lower part 1, a cap 2 and a hinge 3 pivotally connecting the two parts.
- a guarantee band molded onto the lower part 1 is designated by 4.
- the guarantee band 4 is located opposite the hinge 3 and extends around half the circumference of the cap.
- the guarantee band 4 is aligned symmetrically or centrally with respect to the hinge 3.
- the height of the guarantee band 4 corresponds approximately to the height of the cap 2.
- the upper edge of the cap 2 is rounded and the curve 5 only runs below the top edge of the guarantee band into the vertical, cylindrical wall of the cap. A small upper edge area of the guarantee band 4 can thus be detected. This makes it possible to grasp one end of the guarantee band and pull it radially downward.
- a second way of removing the guarantee band 4 is to slide your thumb diagonally over the cap 2 away from the hinge 3 and to strip the guarantee band 4 downwards.
- the guarantee band 4 can also cover an opening aid. The same can be seen in FIG. 5, in which the same closure is shown in the open position, in which the sealing tape has already been removed.
- the opening aid consists of an indentation or depression of the depression 7 in the vertical side wall of the cap 2.
- a bead 8 remaining in the upper edge region of the cap 2 makes it easier to exert an upward force with the finger in order to open the closure.
- FIGs 6 to 8 show a solution to this problem.
- the cap 2 there is a side recessed recessed as recessed grip 9, which runs into the surface of the cap 2. Due to its lateral arrangement, the recessed grip 9 is only partially covered by the guarantee tape 4 (FIG. 7).
- the recessed grip 9, which can be clearly seen from above (FIG. 8), allows the guarantee band to be gripped behind with one finger, so that it can be easily torn off.
- the outwardly inclined depression 9 in turn also causes the sealing tape 4 to be pulled off radially downward.
- the connecting webs 6 between the guarantee tape 4 and the lower part 1 can only be seen in the view from above.
- FIGS. 9 to 11 A detailed variant of the plastic closure with a guarantee band is shown in FIGS. 9 to 11.
- the features of the closure which are insignificant for the invention are not dealt with.
- the one-piece closure is drawn in all the figures in the fully opened state as it is sprayed.
- Figure 9 you can see the lower part 1 from below and the cap 2 from above.
- the webs 6, via which the guarantee band 4 is connected to the lower part 1, are clearly recognizable.
- the cap 2 instructs a nose 10 on the side opposite the film hinge 3.
- This nose 10 serves the position of use of the closure, that is to say after removal of the sealing tape 4, as an opening aid.
- the nose 10 protrudes from the cap 2 by slightly more than the thickness of the guarantee tape 4.
- a recess 11 is left free.
- the nose 10 engages in this recess 11. Once the nose 10 has snapped into the recess 11, the cap 2 cannot be swung open without destroying the guarantee band.
- the guarantee band can absorb considerable forces that act on the inside of the cap from the container. Such forces always occur when there is overpressure in the closed container. Such overprints are always generated when a product is to be sterilized or pasteurized in a container closed with the closure. This problem was not solved for all plastic closures with snap hinge, unless an additional locking was provided. Closures with locks are in the However, handling is inconvenient, complicated in design and consequently expensive to manufacture. It is an additional merit of the present invention to have solved this troublesome problem simply and inexpensively.
- a protruding shaped element can be provided on the inside of the guarantee band, which corresponds to the nose 10. This shaped element can snap into a corresponding recess in the cap 2, which in turn forms a closure that is secure against pressure from the inside.
- connection between the guarantee band and cap can not only be made by webs.
- the connection can also be made along the entire connection line and weakened accordingly by predetermined breaking points or perforations.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
- Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86810329T ATE62639T1 (de) | 1985-07-23 | 1986-07-21 | Kunststoffverschluss mit garantieband. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH3189/85 | 1985-07-23 | ||
CH3189/85A CH667059A5 (de) | 1985-07-23 | 1985-07-23 | Kunststoffverschluss mit garantieband. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0210138A2 true EP0210138A2 (fr) | 1987-01-28 |
EP0210138A3 EP0210138A3 (en) | 1988-08-03 |
EP0210138B1 EP0210138B1 (fr) | 1991-04-17 |
Family
ID=4250560
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86810329A Expired - Lifetime EP0210138B1 (fr) | 1985-07-23 | 1986-07-21 | Fermeture en matière plastique munie d'une bande de garantie |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4696408A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0210138B1 (fr) |
JP (2) | JPS6278064A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE62639T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU593266B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1266624A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH667059A5 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3678762D1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK164037C (fr) |
IL (1) | IL79394A0 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA865288B (fr) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0621199A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-10-26 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fermeture avec témoin de spoliation |
WO1994027881A1 (fr) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-12-08 | Universal Container Corporation | Compte-gouttes |
FR2707958A1 (fr) * | 1993-07-21 | 1995-01-27 | Kerplas Snc | Capsule distributrice en matière plastique pour flacon, tube ou analogue, munie d'un dispositif d'inviolabilité. |
FR2715381A1 (fr) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-07-28 | Kerplas Snc | Récipient muni d'une capsule de fermeture inviolable. |
EP0649380B2 (fr) † | 1993-05-06 | 2000-01-26 | Taplast S.P.A. | Bouchon en matiere plastique pour distribuer des liquides |
DE4407468B4 (de) * | 1994-03-05 | 2005-07-21 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Extrusion von Kunststofftafeln |
ITRE20110089A1 (it) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-04-25 | Pibiplast S P A | Chiusura di sicurezza |
CH713025A1 (de) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-13 | Fostag Formenbau Ag | Kunststoffverschluss mit einem Unversehrtheitsgarantieelement. |
Families Citing this family (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH672626A5 (fr) * | 1987-06-16 | 1989-12-15 | Alfatechnic Ag | |
CH673631A5 (fr) * | 1987-09-25 | 1990-03-30 | Alfatechnic Ag | |
US4787525A (en) * | 1987-12-23 | 1988-11-29 | Michael Joyce | Child-resistant closures |
JPH0621885Y2 (ja) * | 1988-05-11 | 1994-06-08 | 株式会社吉野工業所 | 弾性反転する蓋板付き容器等 |
JPH0621886Y2 (ja) * | 1988-05-30 | 1994-06-08 | 株式会社吉野工業所 | 弾性反転する蓋板付き容器等 |
JPH082125Y2 (ja) * | 1988-09-05 | 1996-01-24 | 株式会社吉野工業所 | 弾性反転する蓋板付き容器等 |
FR2649678B1 (fr) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-09-27 | Bouchons Plastiques | Bouchon-verseur a bande de garantie dechirable |
DE8911643U1 (de) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-02-07 | Zeller Plastik GmbH, 5583 Zell | Verschluß aus Kunststoff für Behälter- und Flaschenmündungen |
US5246145A (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 1993-09-21 | Nalge Company | Liquid dropper spout having lockable pivoted closure cap |
US5328058A (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 1994-07-12 | Nalge Company | Dropper bottle assembly with squeeze cap |
CH680782A5 (fr) * | 1990-06-08 | 1992-11-13 | Createchnic Ag | |
CH683174A5 (de) * | 1991-02-12 | 1994-01-31 | Createchnic Ag | Kunststoffverschluss mit Garantieelement. |
CH683417A5 (de) * | 1991-06-21 | 1994-03-15 | Createchnic Ag | Schnappscharnierverschluss mit Garantieband. |
CH683611A5 (de) * | 1991-09-10 | 1994-04-15 | Zeller Plastik Koehn Graebner | Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Herstellung eines Verschlusses für Behälter sowie nach dem Verfahren hergestellter Verschluss. |
CH686300A5 (de) * | 1992-08-06 | 1996-02-29 | Createchnic Ag | Kunststoffverschluss mit Garantieelement. |
CH687253A5 (de) * | 1993-03-30 | 1996-10-31 | Createchnic Ag | Kunststoffverschluss. |
US5348201A (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1994-09-20 | Kerr Group, Inc. | Flip top closure |
US5462183A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1995-10-31 | Aptargroup, Inc. | Closure with a tamper-evident element |
US5709318A (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-01-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dispensing closure with integral locking switch and tamper evidency structure |
US5829610A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-11-03 | Aptargroup, Inc. | Closure with a tamper-indicating element optionally suitable for use as a tool |
FR2756261B1 (fr) | 1996-11-22 | 1998-12-31 | Nord Est Dev | Bouchon a charniere, monopiece, pour bouteille a bague faisant office de verseur |
GR980100387A (el) * | 1998-10-20 | 2000-06-30 | Εξωτερικη ασφαλεια για αναδιπλουμενο πωμα | |
AU1766400A (en) | 1999-01-14 | 2000-08-01 | Soplar Sa | Hinged closure with tamperproof element |
US6631820B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2003-10-14 | Seaquist Closures Foreign, Inc. | Tamper-evident dispensing closure with partial breakaway cover |
US6405885B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-18 | Seaquist Closures Foreign, Inc. | Locking tamper-evident dispensing closure |
DE20117343U1 (de) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-03-06 | Gizeh Verpackungen GmbH & Co. KG, 51702 Bergneustadt | Verschluss |
DE20207423U1 (de) * | 2002-05-10 | 2002-08-29 | Seaquist-Löffler Kunststoffwerk GmbH, 94078 Freyung | Klappdeckelverschluß mit Originalitätssicherung für fließfähiges Gut enthaltende Behälter |
DE10308825B4 (de) * | 2003-02-27 | 2008-03-13 | Rösler, Peter | Schließvorrichtung an einem Halter oder einer Verpackung |
US7510095B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2009-03-31 | Berry Plastics Corporation | System comprising a radially aligned container and closure |
DE202005016596U1 (de) * | 2005-10-22 | 2007-03-08 | Merten Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gefahrenmelder |
AR056770A1 (es) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-10-24 | Bayer Consumer Care Ag | Cierre de garantia |
CN101636325B (zh) * | 2006-11-20 | 2012-01-25 | 麦克考米克有限公司 | 无液滴喷嘴封闭件 |
US20090166361A1 (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-07-02 | Airsec | Two-part, flip top, snap cap for vials |
WO2009101117A1 (fr) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-20 | Creanova Universal Closures Ltd. | Fermeture pourvue d’une articulation externe |
ITMI20090272A1 (it) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-08-26 | Capsol Berry Plastics S P A | Tappo per contenitori di prodotti liquidi |
US20110284589A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Tricorbraun Inc. | Container cap |
US8857638B2 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2014-10-14 | Bprex Healthcare Packaging Inc. | Push-and-turn child-resistant closure, shells, and package |
EP2532602A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-12 | Nestec S.A. | Fermeture d'un seul tenant pour équiper un conteneur |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2113896A1 (fr) * | 1970-11-13 | 1972-06-30 | Captocap Ltd | |
US4487324A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1984-12-11 | Seaquist Closures | Tamper-evident dispensing closure |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3272368A (en) * | 1964-10-20 | 1966-09-13 | Paul S Van Baarn | Plastic stopper with guarantee strip |
US3441161A (en) * | 1967-03-09 | 1969-04-29 | Paul S Van Baarn | Bottle cap |
US4024976A (en) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-05-24 | Anchor Hocking Corporation | Tamperproof molded package |
JPS583464B2 (ja) * | 1978-11-24 | 1983-01-21 | 新神戸電機株式会社 | 鉛塊鋳造装置 |
JPS55103890A (en) * | 1979-01-31 | 1980-08-08 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Inner edge body of reciprocating electric razor |
JPS55130828A (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1980-10-11 | Ohara Inc | Formation of rod type or plate type optical glass |
AU1859383A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-05 | Sunbeam Plastics Corp. | Tamper indicating dispenser |
GB8328326D0 (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1983-11-23 | Johnsen Jorgensen Plastics Ltd | Closure |
-
1985
- 1985-07-23 CH CH3189/85A patent/CH667059A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-07-03 DK DK317186A patent/DK164037C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-09 US US06/883,615 patent/US4696408A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-11 IL IL79394A patent/IL79394A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-16 ZA ZA865288A patent/ZA865288B/xx unknown
- 1986-07-21 EP EP86810329A patent/EP0210138B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-21 DE DE8686810329T patent/DE3678762D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-21 AT AT86810329T patent/ATE62639T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-22 JP JP61172683A patent/JPS6278064A/ja active Pending
- 1986-07-22 CA CA000514415A patent/CA1266624A/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-07-22 AU AU60423/86A patent/AU593266B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1995
- 1995-02-16 JP JP1995000702U patent/JP2543571Y2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2113896A1 (fr) * | 1970-11-13 | 1972-06-30 | Captocap Ltd | |
US4487324A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1984-12-11 | Seaquist Closures | Tamper-evident dispensing closure |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0621199A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-10-26 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fermeture avec témoin de spoliation |
EP0649380B2 (fr) † | 1993-05-06 | 2000-01-26 | Taplast S.P.A. | Bouchon en matiere plastique pour distribuer des liquides |
WO1994027881A1 (fr) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-12-08 | Universal Container Corporation | Compte-gouttes |
FR2707958A1 (fr) * | 1993-07-21 | 1995-01-27 | Kerplas Snc | Capsule distributrice en matière plastique pour flacon, tube ou analogue, munie d'un dispositif d'inviolabilité. |
FR2715381A1 (fr) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-07-28 | Kerplas Snc | Récipient muni d'une capsule de fermeture inviolable. |
DE4407468B4 (de) * | 1994-03-05 | 2005-07-21 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Extrusion von Kunststofftafeln |
ITRE20110089A1 (it) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-04-25 | Pibiplast S P A | Chiusura di sicurezza |
EP2586722A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-01 | Pibiplast S.P.A. | Fermeture de sécurité |
CH713025A1 (de) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-13 | Fostag Formenbau Ag | Kunststoffverschluss mit einem Unversehrtheitsgarantieelement. |
WO2018069153A1 (fr) | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-19 | Fostag Formenbau Ag | Fermeture en plastique comprenant un élément d'inviolabilité |
US11292641B2 (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2022-04-05 | Mühlemann Ip Gmbh | Plastic closure for a container having an integrity guarantee element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK317186D0 (da) | 1986-07-03 |
IL79394A0 (en) | 1986-10-31 |
ATE62639T1 (de) | 1991-05-15 |
US4696408A (en) | 1987-09-29 |
EP0210138B1 (fr) | 1991-04-17 |
DK164037C (da) | 1992-09-28 |
DE3678762D1 (de) | 1991-05-23 |
AU593266B2 (en) | 1990-02-08 |
DK164037B (da) | 1992-05-04 |
CH667059A5 (de) | 1988-09-15 |
JPH0744508U (ja) | 1995-11-21 |
ZA865288B (en) | 1987-03-25 |
DK317186A (da) | 1987-01-24 |
JPS6278064A (ja) | 1987-04-10 |
EP0210138A3 (en) | 1988-08-03 |
AU6042386A (en) | 1987-01-29 |
JP2543571Y2 (ja) | 1997-08-06 |
CA1266624A (fr) | 1990-03-13 |
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