EP0208682B1 - Procédé pour lutter contre l'incendie - Google Patents

Procédé pour lutter contre l'incendie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0208682B1
EP0208682B1 EP85901410A EP85901410A EP0208682B1 EP 0208682 B1 EP0208682 B1 EP 0208682B1 EP 85901410 A EP85901410 A EP 85901410A EP 85901410 A EP85901410 A EP 85901410A EP 0208682 B1 EP0208682 B1 EP 0208682B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
foam
process according
extinguishing
agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85901410A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0208682A1 (fr
Inventor
Hilda Cordes
Ernst Achilles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ifp Holdings Ltd
Original Assignee
Ifp Holdings Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ifp Holdings Ltd filed Critical Ifp Holdings Ltd
Priority to AT85901410T priority Critical patent/ATE48533T1/de
Publication of EP0208682A1 publication Critical patent/EP0208682A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0208682B1 publication Critical patent/EP0208682B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0071—Foams
    • A62D1/0085—Foams containing perfluoroalkyl-terminated surfactant

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for fire fighting using a liquid foam extinguishing agent which contains at least one halogenated carbon (hydrogen) and a foaming agent and which can be conveyed over long distances.
  • a liquid foam extinguishing agent which contains at least one halogenated carbon (hydrogen) and a foaming agent and which can be conveyed over long distances.
  • liquid foam extinguishing agent which consists of one or two halogenated hydrocarbons and a foam agent for fire fighting.
  • foam extinguishing agents known in which the formation of the foam is caused by a foam tube with the addition of air or C0 2 to the extinguishing agent.
  • foam extinguishing agents disadvantageously arrive in the form of foam at the source of the fire, which means that the foam agent may have to be conveyed to the source of the fire over a longer distance in an already foamed form.
  • foaming agents allow only a small distance between the foam tube and the flame fronts. Despite the use of heat protection suits, the rescue teams are often unable to get close enough to the source of the fire.
  • liquid foam extinguishing agent containing at least one emulsifier which is suitable for fire extinguishing over long distances and which is characterized in that it contains 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane.
  • a foamable fire-fighting composition which is characterized in that it contains the following: a foaming agent, water, a flame-retardant halogen-containing compound with a boiling point of - 100 to + 200 ° C and a Surface active agent which has a terminal aliphatic perfluorocarbon chain with at least 3 carbon atoms
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for fire fighting of the type mentioned, which enables fire fighting, in particular fighting fuel fires or the like, in an effective manner.
  • the extinguishing agent used in the process according to the invention comprises a liquid or aqueous foam extinguishing agent which contains halogenated hydrocarbons and in which surfactants are provided as foaming agents.
  • the halogenated hydrocarbons are introduced into the foaming agent in such a way that a gel-like or aqueous homogeneous foam extinguishing agent is formed.
  • Mixed with water results in an extinguishing emulsion that surprisingly only foams at the source of the fire.
  • the halogenated hydrocarbon mixture advantageously develops its full effect only at the source of the fire, in that it only causes the foaming agent to foam at the source of the fire.
  • the foam bubbles resulting from emulsification droplets are filled with a quasi-inert gas, so that there is no risk of reignition.
  • the aqueous-looking or gel-like foam extinguishing agent is added to the extinguishing water in a certain ratio to form an emulsion and brought to the source of the fire in the form of a voli jet or spray jet such as water. Only in or at the source of the fire does the foam itself form due to the energy or heat present at the source of the fire due to evaporation of the halogenated hydrocarbons.
  • Another surprising effect is the adherence of the liquid foam extinguishing agent, which hardly flows off on vertical walls and which enables effective fire fighting even on vertical walls.
  • liquid foam extinguishing agent Due to the fact that the liquid foam extinguishing agent has shown itself to be surprising, only to foam up at the source of the fire itself due to the heat energy, it is readily possible to convey the foam extinguishing agent over long distances; This means that the liquid foam extinguishing agent can be used even over long distances without any problems and targeted 'fighting the source of the fire can be achieved.
  • the liquid foam extinguishing agent has at least one halogenated hydrocarbon, a stabilizer and a foam agent.
  • the foam extinguishing agent contains 20 to 90 percent by weight of chlorofluorocarbons or chlorofluorocarbons and the rest of the foam agent.
  • Surfactants are used as foaming agents.
  • the use of fluorosurfactants as foaming agents has proven particularly advantageous.
  • An amphoteric fluoroalkylaminocarboxylic acid or an anionic fluoroalkyl sodium sulfonate is used as the fluorosurfactant.
  • the fluorosurfactants used generally consist of anion-active perfluoroalkyl compounds.
  • the fluorosurfactants are based on perfluoroalkanesulfonates.
  • the liquid foam extinguishing agent preferably contains corrosion inhibitors and / or buffers and / or antifreeze agents.
  • corrosion inhibitors for example, glycols, amines as buffers and as corrosion inhibitors.
  • a propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block and copolymer are used as stabilizers and butyl diglycol as a solubilizer.
  • the incorporation of propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block and copolymers is particularly advantageous. Due to their solubilizing and consistency effect, a stable incorporation of the specifically heavier halogenated hydrocarbon is possible. The resulting foam extinguishing agent is particularly stable against polar solvent fires and fuel fires.
  • the low-boiling dichlorotetrafluoroethane with a boiling point of 3.6 ° C. and, in contrast, the higher-boiling trichlorotrifluoroethane with a boiling point of 47.6 ° C. are preferably used as the halogenated hydrocarbon mixture or chlorofluorocarbons.
  • the fluorosurfactants provided for the liquid foam extinguishing agent are perfluoroalkyl compounds.
  • Surfactants, synthetic foaming agents and AFFF foaming agents are used as foaming agents.
  • the AFFF foaming agents consist of pure fluoroside foam types based on water, such as B. Light Water.
  • Essential for the liquid foam extinguishing agent is the use of chlorofluorocarbons or chlorofluorocarbons in combination with the aforementioned foaming agents in the form of surfactants or fluorosurfactants.
  • the low-boiling component of the chlorofluorocarbons used namely the dichlorotetrafluoroethane in the fluorocarbon mixture, causes a foam to remain on the surface as soon as it passes through the flame fronts, so that a sinking of the higher-boiling hydrocarbons which have not yet evaporated is avoided.
  • the chlorofluorocarbon used or the chlorofluorocarbons used which can also be referred to as a chlorofluorocarbon mixture, only develop their full effect at the source of the fire, with foaming only taking place at the source of the fire and the emulsification droplets resulting from evaporation of the quasi-inert gas, causing blisters to form. risk of ignition is practically excluded.
  • the emulsification droplets determine the size of the bubbles. Foaming is caused by the fact that the chlorofluorocarbon evaporates by heat.
  • the chlorofluorocarbon mixture is contained in the foam extinguishing agent in the form of very small droplets. Every droplet of chlorofluorocarbon only evaporates due to the energy at the source of the fire.
  • Each of these small chlorofluorocarbon bubbles is coated with a surfactant film with a low surface tension, which is why the size of the bubbles in the resulting foam is predetermined by the droplet size in the liquid foam extinguishing agent. This surprisingly forms a fine-pored foam with great adhesiveness. Because each foam bubble is filled with a quasi-inert gas, any risk of reignition is excluded as long as there is a foam blanket.
  • the production of foam by means of a foam tube or the addition of air or C0 2 to the extinguishing agent is advantageously avoided; rather, the foam is formed by the emulsified quasi-inert propellant gas by the action of the heat present at the source of the fire.
  • the low-boiling part of the fluorocarbon mixture causes the bubbles to burst open quickly so that the extinguishing emulsion, which is heavier than water, floats on fuels and solvents.
  • the portion of the fluorocarbon mixture boiling at temperatures above normal ambient temperatures, for example in the form of trichlorotrifluoroethane produces the actual foam when exposed to heat.
  • Each foam bubble corresponds to an emulsion droplet, so that the foam becomes very fine-pored and uniform, so that it has excellent adhesion to vertical structures.
  • the liquid foam extinguishing agent is prepared by intimately stirring stabilizers, solubilizers and fluorocarbon mixture into the foam agent to form a homogeneous solution or a gel-like form over a period of about 10 minutes at room temperature.
  • the fluorohydrocarbon, together with the stabilizer and the solubilizer is slowly stirred together with the surfactant (s) until a gel or a homogeneous aqueous phase is formed.
  • the gel or the aqueous phase are mixed with the extinguishing water in a ratio of 1:99 to 20:80 to form the emulsion.
  • additional blowing agents such as air or CO 2, which is necessary in known foam extinguishing agents, is completely unnecessary in the case of the liquid foam extinguishing agent.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Une mousse d'extinction liquide se compose d'hydrocarbure(s) halogéné(s) servant d'hydrocarbure(s), de préférence d'hydrocarbure(s) fluochloré(s), et de tensides servant d'agent moussant. Le ou les hydrocarbures sont introduits dans l'agent moussant de manière à former une mousse d'extinction homogène aqueuse ou semblable à un gel. Mélangée avec de l'eau, celle-ci donne une émulsion d'extinction qui ne déploie toute son activité et qui ne mousse qu'au foyer de l'incendie. Cette mousse d'extinction peut être transportée sur de grandes distances, elle permet ainsi de lutter contre les incendies sur de grands intervalles et présente une adhésivité particulièrement bonne.

Claims (9)

1. Procédé pour lutter contre l'incendie en utilisant un agent extincteur moussant liquide qui contient au moins un halogéno(hydro)carbure et un agent moussant et qui peut être propulsé sur de grandes distances, caractérisé en ce que
a. on agite d'abord 20 à 90 % en poids de fluorochlorohydrocarbures avec des polymères séquencés et copolymères d'oxyde de propylène et d'oxyde d'éthylène comme stabilisants et des tensio-actifs comme agents moussants ensemble jusqu'à formation d'un gel ou d'une solution homogène,
b. on mélange ensuite le gel ou la solution homogène avec l'eau d'extinction dans le rapport de 1 : 99 à 20 : 80 avec formation d'une émulsion extinctrice, et
c. on amène ensuite l'émulsion extinctrice pour former la mousse extinctrice, sous la forme d'un jet plein ou d'un jet pulvérisé, sur le foyer d'incendie.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des fluorotensio-actifs comme tensio-actifs.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme fluorotensio-actif un acide fluoroalcoylaminocarboxylique amphotère ou un fluoroalcoylsulfonate de sodium anionique.
4. Procédé suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des fluorotensio-actifs consistant en perfluoroalcoyl-dérivés anioniques.
5. Procédé suivant la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des fluorotensio-actifs à base de perfluoroalcanesulfonate.
6. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des inhibiteurs de corrosion et/ou des tampons et/ou des antigels dans l'agent extincteur moussant.
7. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise du butyldiglycol comme agent de solubilisation pour l'incorporation du ou des fluorochlorohydrocarbures dans le fluorotensio-actif.
8. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme fluorochlorohydrocarbures du dichlorotétrafluoroéthane à bas point d'ébullition ayant un point d'ébullition de 3,6 °C et un trichlo- rotrifluoroéthane à point d'ébullition plus élevé ayant un point d'ébullition de 47,6 °C.
9. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise les polymères séquencés et copolymères d'oxyde de propylène et d'oxyde d'éthylène en une quantité de 2,9 à 9,1 % en poids pour la préparation du gel ou de la solution homogène.
EP85901410A 1984-03-15 1985-02-27 Procédé pour lutter contre l'incendie Expired EP0208682B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85901410T ATE48533T1 (de) 1984-03-15 1985-02-27 Verfahren zur brandbekaempfung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843409602 DE3409602A1 (de) 1984-03-15 1984-03-15 Fluessiges schaumloeschmittel
DE3409602 1984-03-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0208682A1 EP0208682A1 (fr) 1987-01-21
EP0208682B1 true EP0208682B1 (fr) 1989-12-13

Family

ID=6230642

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85901410A Expired EP0208682B1 (fr) 1984-03-15 1985-02-27 Procédé pour lutter contre l'incendie

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0208682B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61501435A (fr)
AU (1) AU568730B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8507162A (fr)
DE (2) DE3409602A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985004109A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19531089A1 (de) * 1995-08-24 1997-02-27 Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes Schaumkonzentrat und daraus hergestelltes Löschmittel

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112023325A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-12-04 海天消防科技股份有限公司 一种水成膜泡沫灭火剂及其制备方法
FI4032590T3 (fi) 2021-01-22 2023-06-21 Uniteq S A Keksinnön parannetun vaahdotusalan käsittävä sammutusformulaatio
BE1029051B1 (fr) 2021-01-22 2022-08-29 Uniteq S A Formulation d’extinction d’incendie à moussage amélioré
NL2027370B1 (en) 2021-01-22 2022-08-05 Uniteq S A A fire extinguishing formulation with improved foaming

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3258423A (en) * 1963-09-04 1966-06-28 Richard L Tuve Method of extinguishing liquid hydrocarbon fires
NL6907812A (fr) * 1968-05-28 1969-12-02
CH520511A (de) * 1969-10-20 1972-03-31 Montedison Spa Flüssiges Schaumlöschmittel
GB1349509A (en) * 1970-07-13 1974-04-03 Ici Ltd Fire-fighting compositions
JPS5233918B2 (fr) * 1972-02-15 1977-08-31
DE2325357B2 (de) * 1973-05-18 1977-07-07 Siegmund, Gerhard, 6530 Bingen Schaumloeschmittel und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE2330571B2 (de) * 1973-06-15 1978-03-23 Gerhard Prof. 6530 Bingen Siegmund Gemisch aus einem oder zwei Halogenkohlenwasserstoff«!) und einem Schaummittel zur Brandbekämpfung und Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung
JPS52144195A (en) * 1976-05-25 1977-12-01 Daikin Ind Ltd Mixed fire-extinguishing agent
JPS52144194A (en) * 1976-05-25 1977-12-01 Daikin Ind Ltd Fire extinguishing method
JPS52144193A (en) * 1976-05-25 1977-12-01 Daikin Ind Ltd Fire extinguishing method
JPS5367298A (en) * 1976-11-27 1978-06-15 Onoda Cement Co Ltd Method of generating fire-extinguishing foam from halogenated compounds
JPS58109073A (ja) * 1981-12-21 1983-06-29 ホーチキ株式会社 天ぷら油火災用消火薬剤
JPS5988166A (ja) * 1982-11-10 1984-05-22 ダイキン工業株式会社 消火剤

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19531089A1 (de) * 1995-08-24 1997-02-27 Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes Schaumkonzentrat und daraus hergestelltes Löschmittel
DE19531089C2 (de) * 1995-08-24 1999-03-18 Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes Schaumkonzentrat für Feuerlöschzwecke
DE19531089C3 (de) * 1995-08-24 2003-09-18 Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes Schaumkonzentrat für Feuerlöschzwecke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985004109A1 (fr) 1985-09-26
DE3409602C2 (fr) 1987-08-27
DE3574677D1 (de) 1990-01-18
DE3409602A1 (de) 1985-09-26
AU568730B2 (en) 1988-01-07
AU4065185A (en) 1985-10-11
JPS61501435A (ja) 1986-07-17
EP0208682A1 (fr) 1987-01-21
BR8507162A (pt) 1987-07-14

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