EP0208682B1 - Process for fighting fire - Google Patents
Process for fighting fire Download PDFInfo
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- EP0208682B1 EP0208682B1 EP85901410A EP85901410A EP0208682B1 EP 0208682 B1 EP0208682 B1 EP 0208682B1 EP 85901410 A EP85901410 A EP 85901410A EP 85901410 A EP85901410 A EP 85901410A EP 0208682 B1 EP0208682 B1 EP 0208682B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- foam
- process according
- extinguishing
- agent
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
- A62D1/0085—Foams containing perfluoroalkyl-terminated surfactant
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for fire fighting using a liquid foam extinguishing agent which contains at least one halogenated carbon (hydrogen) and a foaming agent and which can be conveyed over long distances.
- a liquid foam extinguishing agent which contains at least one halogenated carbon (hydrogen) and a foaming agent and which can be conveyed over long distances.
- liquid foam extinguishing agent which consists of one or two halogenated hydrocarbons and a foam agent for fire fighting.
- foam extinguishing agents known in which the formation of the foam is caused by a foam tube with the addition of air or C0 2 to the extinguishing agent.
- foam extinguishing agents disadvantageously arrive in the form of foam at the source of the fire, which means that the foam agent may have to be conveyed to the source of the fire over a longer distance in an already foamed form.
- foaming agents allow only a small distance between the foam tube and the flame fronts. Despite the use of heat protection suits, the rescue teams are often unable to get close enough to the source of the fire.
- liquid foam extinguishing agent containing at least one emulsifier which is suitable for fire extinguishing over long distances and which is characterized in that it contains 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane.
- a foamable fire-fighting composition which is characterized in that it contains the following: a foaming agent, water, a flame-retardant halogen-containing compound with a boiling point of - 100 to + 200 ° C and a Surface active agent which has a terminal aliphatic perfluorocarbon chain with at least 3 carbon atoms
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for fire fighting of the type mentioned, which enables fire fighting, in particular fighting fuel fires or the like, in an effective manner.
- the extinguishing agent used in the process according to the invention comprises a liquid or aqueous foam extinguishing agent which contains halogenated hydrocarbons and in which surfactants are provided as foaming agents.
- the halogenated hydrocarbons are introduced into the foaming agent in such a way that a gel-like or aqueous homogeneous foam extinguishing agent is formed.
- Mixed with water results in an extinguishing emulsion that surprisingly only foams at the source of the fire.
- the halogenated hydrocarbon mixture advantageously develops its full effect only at the source of the fire, in that it only causes the foaming agent to foam at the source of the fire.
- the foam bubbles resulting from emulsification droplets are filled with a quasi-inert gas, so that there is no risk of reignition.
- the aqueous-looking or gel-like foam extinguishing agent is added to the extinguishing water in a certain ratio to form an emulsion and brought to the source of the fire in the form of a voli jet or spray jet such as water. Only in or at the source of the fire does the foam itself form due to the energy or heat present at the source of the fire due to evaporation of the halogenated hydrocarbons.
- Another surprising effect is the adherence of the liquid foam extinguishing agent, which hardly flows off on vertical walls and which enables effective fire fighting even on vertical walls.
- liquid foam extinguishing agent Due to the fact that the liquid foam extinguishing agent has shown itself to be surprising, only to foam up at the source of the fire itself due to the heat energy, it is readily possible to convey the foam extinguishing agent over long distances; This means that the liquid foam extinguishing agent can be used even over long distances without any problems and targeted 'fighting the source of the fire can be achieved.
- the liquid foam extinguishing agent has at least one halogenated hydrocarbon, a stabilizer and a foam agent.
- the foam extinguishing agent contains 20 to 90 percent by weight of chlorofluorocarbons or chlorofluorocarbons and the rest of the foam agent.
- Surfactants are used as foaming agents.
- the use of fluorosurfactants as foaming agents has proven particularly advantageous.
- An amphoteric fluoroalkylaminocarboxylic acid or an anionic fluoroalkyl sodium sulfonate is used as the fluorosurfactant.
- the fluorosurfactants used generally consist of anion-active perfluoroalkyl compounds.
- the fluorosurfactants are based on perfluoroalkanesulfonates.
- the liquid foam extinguishing agent preferably contains corrosion inhibitors and / or buffers and / or antifreeze agents.
- corrosion inhibitors for example, glycols, amines as buffers and as corrosion inhibitors.
- a propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block and copolymer are used as stabilizers and butyl diglycol as a solubilizer.
- the incorporation of propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block and copolymers is particularly advantageous. Due to their solubilizing and consistency effect, a stable incorporation of the specifically heavier halogenated hydrocarbon is possible. The resulting foam extinguishing agent is particularly stable against polar solvent fires and fuel fires.
- the low-boiling dichlorotetrafluoroethane with a boiling point of 3.6 ° C. and, in contrast, the higher-boiling trichlorotrifluoroethane with a boiling point of 47.6 ° C. are preferably used as the halogenated hydrocarbon mixture or chlorofluorocarbons.
- the fluorosurfactants provided for the liquid foam extinguishing agent are perfluoroalkyl compounds.
- Surfactants, synthetic foaming agents and AFFF foaming agents are used as foaming agents.
- the AFFF foaming agents consist of pure fluoroside foam types based on water, such as B. Light Water.
- Essential for the liquid foam extinguishing agent is the use of chlorofluorocarbons or chlorofluorocarbons in combination with the aforementioned foaming agents in the form of surfactants or fluorosurfactants.
- the low-boiling component of the chlorofluorocarbons used namely the dichlorotetrafluoroethane in the fluorocarbon mixture, causes a foam to remain on the surface as soon as it passes through the flame fronts, so that a sinking of the higher-boiling hydrocarbons which have not yet evaporated is avoided.
- the chlorofluorocarbon used or the chlorofluorocarbons used which can also be referred to as a chlorofluorocarbon mixture, only develop their full effect at the source of the fire, with foaming only taking place at the source of the fire and the emulsification droplets resulting from evaporation of the quasi-inert gas, causing blisters to form. risk of ignition is practically excluded.
- the emulsification droplets determine the size of the bubbles. Foaming is caused by the fact that the chlorofluorocarbon evaporates by heat.
- the chlorofluorocarbon mixture is contained in the foam extinguishing agent in the form of very small droplets. Every droplet of chlorofluorocarbon only evaporates due to the energy at the source of the fire.
- Each of these small chlorofluorocarbon bubbles is coated with a surfactant film with a low surface tension, which is why the size of the bubbles in the resulting foam is predetermined by the droplet size in the liquid foam extinguishing agent. This surprisingly forms a fine-pored foam with great adhesiveness. Because each foam bubble is filled with a quasi-inert gas, any risk of reignition is excluded as long as there is a foam blanket.
- the production of foam by means of a foam tube or the addition of air or C0 2 to the extinguishing agent is advantageously avoided; rather, the foam is formed by the emulsified quasi-inert propellant gas by the action of the heat present at the source of the fire.
- the low-boiling part of the fluorocarbon mixture causes the bubbles to burst open quickly so that the extinguishing emulsion, which is heavier than water, floats on fuels and solvents.
- the portion of the fluorocarbon mixture boiling at temperatures above normal ambient temperatures, for example in the form of trichlorotrifluoroethane produces the actual foam when exposed to heat.
- Each foam bubble corresponds to an emulsion droplet, so that the foam becomes very fine-pored and uniform, so that it has excellent adhesion to vertical structures.
- the liquid foam extinguishing agent is prepared by intimately stirring stabilizers, solubilizers and fluorocarbon mixture into the foam agent to form a homogeneous solution or a gel-like form over a period of about 10 minutes at room temperature.
- the fluorohydrocarbon, together with the stabilizer and the solubilizer is slowly stirred together with the surfactant (s) until a gel or a homogeneous aqueous phase is formed.
- the gel or the aqueous phase are mixed with the extinguishing water in a ratio of 1:99 to 20:80 to form the emulsion.
- additional blowing agents such as air or CO 2, which is necessary in known foam extinguishing agents, is completely unnecessary in the case of the liquid foam extinguishing agent.
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- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung unter Verwendung eines flüssigen Schaumlöschmittels, das mindestens einen Halogenkohlen (wasser) stoff und ein Schaummittel enthält und das sich über weite Distanzen fördern läßt.The present invention relates to a method for fire fighting using a liquid foam extinguishing agent which contains at least one halogenated carbon (hydrogen) and a foaming agent and which can be conveyed over long distances.
Aus der DE-A 23 30 571 ist bereits ein flüssiges Schaumlöschmittel bekannt, das aus einem oder zwei Halogenkohlenwasserstoff(en) und einem Schaummittel zur Brandbekämpfung besteht.From DE-A 23 30 571 a liquid foam extinguishing agent is already known which consists of one or two halogenated hydrocarbons and a foam agent for fire fighting.
Es sind weitere Schaumlöschmittel bekannt, bei denen die Bildung des Schaumes durch ein Schaumrohr unter Zumischung von Luft oder C02 zum Löschmittel hervorgerufen wird. Derartige Schaumlöschmittel kommen nachteiligerweise in Form von Schaum am Brandherd an, was bedeutet, daß das Schaummittel gegebenenfalls über einen längeren Weg in bereits verschäumter Form zum Brandherd zu fördern ist. Diese bekannten Schaummittel erlauben nur einen geringen Abstand des Schaumrohres zu den Flammfronten. Trotz der Verwendung von Hitzeschutzanzügen ist es daher den Rettungsmannschaften häufig nicht möglich, nahe genug an den Brandherd heranzukommen.There are other foam extinguishing agents known in which the formation of the foam is caused by a foam tube with the addition of air or C0 2 to the extinguishing agent. Such foam extinguishing agents disadvantageously arrive in the form of foam at the source of the fire, which means that the foam agent may have to be conveyed to the source of the fire over a longer distance in an already foamed form. These known foaming agents allow only a small distance between the foam tube and the flame fronts. Despite the use of heat protection suits, the rescue teams are often unable to get close enough to the source of the fire.
Aus der CH-A-520 511 ist bereits ein flüssiges Schaumlöschmittel bekannt, enthaltend mindestens einen Emulgator, das zum Feuerlöschen über größere Entfernungen geeignet ist, und das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es 1,2-Dibromtetrafluoräthan enthält.From CH-A-520 511 a liquid foam extinguishing agent is already known, containing at least one emulsifier which is suitable for fire extinguishing over long distances and which is characterized in that it contains 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane.
Aus der DE-A-2 134 973 ist bereits eine schäumbare Zusammensetzung zur Feuerbekämpfung bekannt, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sie folgendes enthält: ein Schäummittel, Wasser, eine flammhemmende halogenhaltige Verbindung mit einem Siedepunkt von - 100 bis + 200 °C und ein oberflächenaktives Mittel, welches eine endständige aliphatische Perfluorokohlenstoffkette mit mindestens 3 Kohlenstoffatomen aufweistFrom DE-A-2 134 973 a foamable fire-fighting composition is already known, which is characterized in that it contains the following: a foaming agent, water, a flame-retardant halogen-containing compound with a boiling point of - 100 to + 200 ° C and a Surface active agent which has a terminal aliphatic perfluorocarbon chain with at least 3 carbon atoms
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Brandbekämpung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das auf effektive Weise eine Brandbekämpfung, insbesondere eine Bekämpfung von Treibstoffbränden oder dergleichen ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide a method for fire fighting of the type mentioned, which enables fire fighting, in particular fighting fuel fires or the like, in an effective manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindnungsgemäß durch den kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Brandbekämpfung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further refinements of the fire-fighting method according to the invention result from the subclaims.
Das beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eingesetzte Löschmittel umfaßt ein flüssiges oder wässriges Schaumlöschmittel, das Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe enthält und bei dem als Schaummittel Tenside vorgesehen sind. Die Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe sind derart in das Schaummittel eingebracht, daß ein gelartiges oder wässriges homogenes Schaumlöschmittel entsteht. Mit Wasser vermischt ergibt sich eine Löschemulsion, die überraschendenweise erst am Brandherd aufschäumt. Das Halogenkohlenwasserstoffgemisch entfaltet vorteilhafterweise erst am Brandherd seine volle Wirkung, indem es das Schaummittel erst am Brandherd zum Verschäumen bringt. Die sich aus Emulgationströpfchen ergebenden Schaumbläschen sind mit einem quasi Inertgas gefüllt, so daß jede Rückzündgefahr ausgeschlossen ist.The extinguishing agent used in the process according to the invention comprises a liquid or aqueous foam extinguishing agent which contains halogenated hydrocarbons and in which surfactants are provided as foaming agents. The halogenated hydrocarbons are introduced into the foaming agent in such a way that a gel-like or aqueous homogeneous foam extinguishing agent is formed. Mixed with water results in an extinguishing emulsion that surprisingly only foams at the source of the fire. The halogenated hydrocarbon mixture advantageously develops its full effect only at the source of the fire, in that it only causes the foaming agent to foam at the source of the fire. The foam bubbles resulting from emulsification droplets are filled with a quasi-inert gas, so that there is no risk of reignition.
Das wässrig aussehende oder gelartige Schaumlöschmittel wird in einem bestimmten Verhältnis dem Löschwasser unter Bildung einer Emulsion zugegeben und in Form eines Volistrahles oder Sprühstrahles wie Wasser auf den Brandherd gebracht. Erst im bzw. am Brandherd kommt es aufgrund der am Brandherd vorhandenen Energie bzw. Hitze durch Verdampfen der Halogenkohlenwasserstoffanteile zur Schaumbildung selbst.The aqueous-looking or gel-like foam extinguishing agent is added to the extinguishing water in a certain ratio to form an emulsion and brought to the source of the fire in the form of a voli jet or spray jet such as water. Only in or at the source of the fire does the foam itself form due to the energy or heat present at the source of the fire due to evaporation of the halogenated hydrocarbons.
Ein weiterhin überraschender Effekt ist die Haftfähigkeit des flüssigen Schaumlöschmittels, das an senkrechten Wänden kaum abfließt und das eine wirksame Brandbekämpfung auch an senkrechten Wänden ermöglicht.Another surprising effect is the adherence of the liquid foam extinguishing agent, which hardly flows off on vertical walls and which enables effective fire fighting even on vertical walls.
Durch die sich als überraschend gezeigte Wirkung des flüssigen Schaumlöschmittels, erst am Brandherd selbst durch die Hitzeenergie aufzuschäumen, ist es ohne weiteres möglich, das Schaumlöschmittel über weite Distanzen zu fördem ; damit ist die Anwendung des flüssigen Schaumlöschmittels auch über größere Abstände ohne weiteres möglich und eine gezielte' Brandherdbekämpfung erreichbar.Due to the fact that the liquid foam extinguishing agent has shown itself to be surprising, only to foam up at the source of the fire itself due to the heat energy, it is readily possible to convey the foam extinguishing agent over long distances; This means that the liquid foam extinguishing agent can be used even over long distances without any problems and targeted 'fighting the source of the fire can be achieved.
Im folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens näher erläutert.Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention are explained in more detail below.
Das flüssige Schaumlöschmittel weist mindestens einen Halogenkohlenwasserstoff, einen Stabilisator und ein Schaummittel auf. Das Schaumlöschmittel enthält 20 bis 90 Gewichtsprozente Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoff oder Fluorchlorgenkohlenwasserstoffe und als Rest das Schaummittel. Als Schaummittel werden Tenside verwendet. Besonders vorteilhaft hat sich die Verwendung von Fluortensiden als Schaummittel herausgestellt. Als Fluortensid wird eine amphotere Fluoralkylaminokarbonsäure oder ein anionisches Fluoralkylnatriumsulfonat verwendet. Generell bestehen die benutzten Fluortenside aus anionenaktiven Perfluoralkylverbindungen. Die Fluortenside sind auf der Basis von Perfluoralkansulfonaten aufgebaut.The liquid foam extinguishing agent has at least one halogenated hydrocarbon, a stabilizer and a foam agent. The foam extinguishing agent contains 20 to 90 percent by weight of chlorofluorocarbons or chlorofluorocarbons and the rest of the foam agent. Surfactants are used as foaming agents. The use of fluorosurfactants as foaming agents has proven particularly advantageous. An amphoteric fluoroalkylaminocarboxylic acid or an anionic fluoroalkyl sodium sulfonate is used as the fluorosurfactant. The fluorosurfactants used generally consist of anion-active perfluoroalkyl compounds. The fluorosurfactants are based on perfluoroalkanesulfonates.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform enthält das flüssige Schaumlöschmittel vorzugsweise Korrosionsinhibitoren und/oder Puffer und/oder Frostschutzmittel. Als Frostschutzmittel werden beispielsweise Glykole, als Puffer Amine und als Korrosionsinhibitoren z. B. das Na-Salz des Mercaptobenzothiazol eingesetzt. Der Einsatz von Frostschutzmittel kann notwendig sein, wenn das Löschmittel im Winter in ungeheizten Räumen lagern muß. Puffer halten den pH-Wert stabil und Korrosionsinhibitoren helfen die in den Löscharmaturen enthaltenen Materialien wie Eisen, Kupfer und Messing zu schützen.According to a further embodiment, the liquid foam extinguishing agent preferably contains corrosion inhibitors and / or buffers and / or antifreeze agents. As an antifreeze, for example, glycols, amines as buffers and as corrosion inhibitors. B. the Na salt of mercaptobenzothiazole used. The use of antifreeze may be necessary if the extinguishing agent has to be stored in unheated rooms in winter. Buffers keep the pH stable and Corrosion inhibitors help to protect the materials contained in the extinguishing fittings, such as iron, copper and brass.
Zur Einarbeitung des oder der Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffe in das oder die Tenside wird als Stabilisator ein Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisat und als Lösungsvermittler Butyldiglykol benutzt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Einarbeitung von Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisaten zu sehen. Durch ihre solubilisierende und konsistenzgebende Wirkung ist eine stabile Einarbeitung des spezifisch schwereren Halogenkohlenwasserstoffes möglich. Das so entstandene Schaumlöschmittel zeichnet sich durch besondere Stabilität gegenüber polaren Lösungsmittelbränden und Treibstoffbränden aus.To incorporate the chlorofluorocarbons into the surfactant (s), a propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block and copolymer are used as stabilizers and butyl diglycol as a solubilizer. The incorporation of propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block and copolymers is particularly advantageous. Due to their solubilizing and consistency effect, a stable incorporation of the specifically heavier halogenated hydrocarbon is possible. The resulting foam extinguishing agent is particularly stable against polar solvent fires and fuel fires.
Als Halogenkohlenwasserstoffgemisch oder Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffe werden vorzugsweise das niedrigsiedende Dichlortetrafluorethan mit einem Siedepunkt von 3,6 °C und das demgegenüber höher siedende Trichlortrifluorethan mit einem Siedepunkt von 47,6 °C verwendet.The low-boiling dichlorotetrafluoroethane with a boiling point of 3.6 ° C. and, in contrast, the higher-boiling trichlorotrifluoroethane with a boiling point of 47.6 ° C. are preferably used as the halogenated hydrocarbon mixture or chlorofluorocarbons.
Die bei dem flüssigen Schaumlöschmittel vorgesehenen Fluortenside sind Perfluoralkylverbindungen. Als Schaummittel werden Tenside, synthetische Schaummittel und AFFF-Schaummittel eingesetzt. Die AFFF Schaummittel bestehen aus reinen Fluortensid-Schaumtypen auf Wasserbasis, wie z. B. Light Water. Wesentlich für das flüssige Schaumlöschmittel ist der Einsatz von Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoff oder Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffen in Verbindung mit den vorgenannten Schaummitteln in Form von Tensiden bzw. Fluortensiden.The fluorosurfactants provided for the liquid foam extinguishing agent are perfluoroalkyl compounds. Surfactants, synthetic foaming agents and AFFF foaming agents are used as foaming agents. The AFFF foaming agents consist of pure fluoroside foam types based on water, such as B. Light Water. Essential for the liquid foam extinguishing agent is the use of chlorofluorocarbons or chlorofluorocarbons in combination with the aforementioned foaming agents in the form of surfactants or fluorosurfactants.
Im folgenden werden Beispiele der Zusammensetzung des flüssigen Schaummittels angegeben.The following are examples of the composition of the liquid foaming agent.
- 5 % Fluoralkylnatriumsulfonat5% fluoroalkyl sodium sulfonate
- 1 % Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisat1% propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block and copolymer
- 2 % Butyldiglykol2% butyl diglycol
- 10 % Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch ergibt ein homogenes wäßr. aussehendes Schaumlöschmittel mit10% chlorofluorocarbon mixture gives a homogeneous aq. looking foam with
- 82 % Wasser gemischt, ergibt dies die fertige LöschemulsionMixed 82% water, this results in the finished extinguishing emulsion
- 5 % Fluoralkylaminocarbonsäure5% fluoroalkylaminocarboxylic acid
- 1 % Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisat1% propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block and copolymer
- 2 % Butyldiglykol2% butyl diglycol
- 10 % Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch ergibt ein homogenes wäßr. aussehendes Schaumlöschmittel mit10% chlorofluorocarbon mixture gives a homogeneous aq. looking foam with
- 82 % Wasser gemischt, ergibt dies die fertige LöschemulsionMixed 82% water, this results in the finished extinguishing emulsion
- A % I inht Water FC 206A% I in Water FC 206
- 1,5 % Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisat1.5% propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block and copolymer
- 10 % Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch ergibt ein gelartiges Schaumlöschmittel mit10% chlorofluorocarbon mixture results in a gel-like foam extinguishing agent
- 82,5 % Wasser vermischt, ergibt dies die fertige LöschemulsionMixed 82.5% water, this results in the finished extinguishing emulsion
- 6 % Light Water FC 2036% Light Water FC 203
- 1 % Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisat1% propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block and copolymer
- 10 % Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch ergibt ein homogenes, wässrig aussehendes Schaumlöschmittel mit10% chlorofluorocarbon mixture results in a homogeneous, watery-looking foam extinguishing agent
- 83 % Wasser vermischt, ergibt dies die fertige LöschemulsionMixed 83% water, this results in the finished extinguishing emulsion
- 5 % Light Water FC600 Typ ATC5% Light Water FC600 type ATC
- 0,3 % Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisat0.3% propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block and copolymer
- 5 % Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch ergibt ein gelartiges Schaumlöschmittel mit5% chlorofluorocarbon mixture results in a gel-like foam extinguishing agent
- 89,7 % Wasser vermischt, ergibt dies die fertige LöschemulsionMixed 89.7% water, this results in the finished extinguishing emulsion
Der Vollständigkeit halber wird im folgenden noch ein Beispiel angegeben, das nicht unter den anliegenden Anspruch 1 fällt.For the sake of completeness, an example is given below which does not fall under the appended claim 1.
- 10 % Fluoralkylnatriumsulfonat10% fluoroalkyl sodium sulfonate
- 10 % Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch 2 % Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Block und Mischpolymerisat ergibt ein gelartiges Schaumlöschmittel mit10% chlorofluorocarbon mixture, 2% propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block and copolymer results in a gel-like foam extinguishing agent
- 78 % Wasser gemischt, ergibt dies die fertige Löschemulsion.Mixed 78% water, this results in the finished extinguishing emulsion.
Die Erprobung der flüssigen Schaumlöschmittel gemäß den vorstehend angegebenen Beispielen an einem 4 m2 Normfeuer hat Löschzeiten von maximal 18 Sekunden bei einem Verbrauch von circa 8 Litern flüssiger Schaumlöschemulsion maximal ergeben. Mit dieser Löschemulsion ließen sich große Wurfweiten, vergleichbar mit Wasser, erreichen, sodaß es möglich war, den Brandherd aus grosser Entfernung zu bekämpfen. Die niedrigsiedende Komponente der verwendeten Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffe, nämlich das Dichlortetrafluoräthan im Fluorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch bewirkt, daß bereits beim Passieren der Flammfronten ein Schaum auf der Oberfläche verbleibt, sodaß ein Absinken der noch nicht zum Verdampfen gebrachten höher siedenden Kohlenwasserstoffe vermieden wird. Der benutzte Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoff oder die verwendeten Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffe, die auch als Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch bezeichnet werden können, entfalten damit erst am Brandherd die volle Wirkung, wobei das Verschäumen erst am Brandherd erfolgt und sich die Emulgationströpfchen durch Verdampfen der quasi Inertgas Schanmbläschen argeben wodurch eine Bück- zündgefahr praktisch auszuschließen ist. Die Emulgationströpfchen bestimmen die Bläschengröße. Die Schaumbildung wird dadurch hervorgerufen, daß der Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoff durch Hitze verdampft. Das Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch ist in Form von ganz kleinen Tröpfchen in dem Schaumlöschmittel enthalten. Jedes Tröpfchen Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoff verdampft erst durch die vorhandene Energie am Brandherd. Jedes dieser kleinen Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffbläschen ist mit einem Tensidfilm mit geringer Oberflächenspannung ummantelt, weshalb durch die Tröpfchengröße in dem flüssigen Schaumlöschmittel die Größe der Bläschen im entstehenden Schaum vorgegeben ist. Dadurch bildet sich überraschenderweise ein feinporiger Schaum von großer Haftfähigkeit. Dadurch, daß jedes Schaumbläschen mit einem quasi Inertgas gefüllt ist, wird jede Rückzündgefahr ausgeschlossen, solange eine Schaumdecke vorhanden ist.The testing of the liquid foam extinguishing agent according to the examples given above on a 4 m 2 standard fire resulted in extinguishing times of a maximum of 18 seconds with a consumption of approximately 8 liters of liquid foam extinguishing emulsion. This extinguishing emulsion made it possible to achieve large throwing distances, comparable to water, so that it was possible to fight the source of the fire from a great distance. The low-boiling component of the chlorofluorocarbons used, namely the dichlorotetrafluoroethane in the fluorocarbon mixture, causes a foam to remain on the surface as soon as it passes through the flame fronts, so that a sinking of the higher-boiling hydrocarbons which have not yet evaporated is avoided. The chlorofluorocarbon used or the chlorofluorocarbons used, which can also be referred to as a chlorofluorocarbon mixture, only develop their full effect at the source of the fire, with foaming only taking place at the source of the fire and the emulsification droplets resulting from evaporation of the quasi-inert gas, causing blisters to form. risk of ignition is practically excluded. The emulsification droplets determine the size of the bubbles. Foaming is caused by the fact that the chlorofluorocarbon evaporates by heat. The chlorofluorocarbon mixture is contained in the foam extinguishing agent in the form of very small droplets. Every droplet of chlorofluorocarbon only evaporates due to the energy at the source of the fire. Each of these small chlorofluorocarbon bubbles is coated with a surfactant film with a low surface tension, which is why the size of the bubbles in the resulting foam is predetermined by the droplet size in the liquid foam extinguishing agent. This surprisingly forms a fine-pored foam with great adhesiveness. Because each foam bubble is filled with a quasi-inert gas, any risk of reignition is excluded as long as there is a foam blanket.
Mit dem flüssigen Schaumlöschmittel wird vorteilhafterweise die Herstellung von Schaum mittels eines Schaumrohres oder der Beimischung von Luft oder C02 zum Löschmittel vermieden ; vielmehr wird der Schaum durch das einemulgierte quasi inerte Treibgas von selbst durch Einwirkung der am Brandherd vorhandenen Hitze gebildet. Der niedrig siedende Anteil des Fluorkohlenwasserstoffgemisches erzeugt ein erstes schnelles Aufspringen der Bläschen, sodaß die Löschemulsion, die schwerer als Wasser ist, auf Treibstoffen und Lösungsmitteln schwimmt. Der bei Temperaturen über den normalen Umgebungstemperaturen siedende Anteil des Fluorkohlenwasserstoffgemischs, beispielsweise in Form von Trichlortrifluoräthan erzeugt bei Einwirkung von Wärme den eigentlichen Schaum. Jede Schaumblase entspricht einem Emulsionströpfchen, sodaß der Schaum sehr feinporig und gleichmäßig wird, sodaß er eine ausgezeichnete Haftfähigkeit an senkrechten Strukturen erhält.With the liquid foam extinguishing agent, the production of foam by means of a foam tube or the addition of air or C0 2 to the extinguishing agent is advantageously avoided; rather, the foam is formed by the emulsified quasi-inert propellant gas by the action of the heat present at the source of the fire. The low-boiling part of the fluorocarbon mixture causes the bubbles to burst open quickly so that the extinguishing emulsion, which is heavier than water, floats on fuels and solvents. The portion of the fluorocarbon mixture boiling at temperatures above normal ambient temperatures, for example in the form of trichlorotrifluoroethane, produces the actual foam when exposed to heat. Each foam bubble corresponds to an emulsion droplet, so that the foam becomes very fine-pored and uniform, so that it has excellent adhesion to vertical structures.
Die Herstellung des flüssigen Schaumlöschmittels erfolgt durch inniges Einrühren von Stabilisatoren, Lösungsvermittlern und Fluorkohlenwasserstoffgemisch zum Schaummittel unter Bildung einer homogenen Lösung oder einer gelartigen Form über einen Zeitraum von etwa 10 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur. Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird der Fluorkohlenwasserstoff gemeinsam mit dem Stabilisator und dem Lösungsvermittler mit dem oder den Tensid(en) langsam so lange zusammen verrührt, bis ein Gel oder eine homogene wässrige Phase entsteht. Das Gel oder die wässrige Phase werden dem Löschwasser in einem Verhältnis von 1 : 99 bis 20: 80 unter Bildung der Emulsion beigemischt. Die bei bekannten Schaumlöschmitteln notwendige Verwendung von zusätzlichen Treibmitteln wie Luft oder CO2 erübrigt sich bei dem flüssigen Schaumlöschmittel völlig.The liquid foam extinguishing agent is prepared by intimately stirring stabilizers, solubilizers and fluorocarbon mixture into the foam agent to form a homogeneous solution or a gel-like form over a period of about 10 minutes at room temperature. According to a preferred embodiment of the method, the fluorohydrocarbon, together with the stabilizer and the solubilizer, is slowly stirred together with the surfactant (s) until a gel or a homogeneous aqueous phase is formed. The gel or the aqueous phase are mixed with the extinguishing water in a ratio of 1:99 to 20:80 to form the emulsion. The use of additional blowing agents such as air or CO 2, which is necessary in known foam extinguishing agents, is completely unnecessary in the case of the liquid foam extinguishing agent.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85901410T ATE48533T1 (en) | 1984-03-15 | 1985-02-27 | FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3409602 | 1984-03-15 | ||
| DE19843409602 DE3409602A1 (en) | 1984-03-15 | 1984-03-15 | LIQUID FOAM EXTINGUISHER |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0208682A1 EP0208682A1 (en) | 1987-01-21 |
| EP0208682B1 true EP0208682B1 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
Family
ID=6230642
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85901410A Expired EP0208682B1 (en) | 1984-03-15 | 1985-02-27 | Process for fighting fire |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0208682B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS61501435A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU568730B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8507162A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3409602A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1985004109A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19531089A1 (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1997-02-27 | Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes | Liquid foam concentrate giving stable polymer film for extinguishing class A and B fires |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112023325A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 海天消防科技股份有限公司 | Aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| BE1029051B1 (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2022-08-29 | Uniteq S A | ENHANCED FOAMING FIRE EXTINGUISHING FORMULATION |
| PT4032590T (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2023-06-26 | Uniteq S A | A fire extinguishing formulation with improved foaming |
| NL2027370B1 (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2022-08-05 | Uniteq S A | A fire extinguishing formulation with improved foaming |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3258423A (en) * | 1963-09-04 | 1966-06-28 | Richard L Tuve | Method of extinguishing liquid hydrocarbon fires |
| NL6907812A (en) * | 1968-05-28 | 1969-12-02 | ||
| CH520511A (en) * | 1969-10-20 | 1972-03-31 | Montedison Spa | Extinguisher foam-forming liquids - contg. fluorobromoalkanes |
| GB1349509A (en) * | 1970-07-13 | 1974-04-03 | Ici Ltd | Fire-fighting compositions |
| JPS5233918B2 (en) * | 1972-02-15 | 1977-08-31 | ||
| DE2325357B2 (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1977-07-07 | Siegmund, Gerhard, 6530 Bingen | FOAM EXTINGUISHER AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURING |
| DE2330571B2 (en) * | 1973-06-15 | 1978-03-23 | Gerhard Prof. 6530 Bingen Siegmund | Mixture of one or two halogenated hydrocarbons «!) And a foam concentrate for fire fighting and fire fighting methods |
| JPS52144194A (en) * | 1976-05-25 | 1977-12-01 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Fire extinguishing method |
| JPS52144195A (en) * | 1976-05-25 | 1977-12-01 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Mixed fire-extinguishing agent |
| JPS52144193A (en) * | 1976-05-25 | 1977-12-01 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Fire extinguishing method |
| JPS5367298A (en) * | 1976-11-27 | 1978-06-15 | Onoda Cement Co Ltd | Method of generating fire-extinguishing foam from halogenated compounds |
| JPS58109073A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-06-29 | ホーチキ株式会社 | Fire fighting agent for tempura oil fire |
| JPS5988166A (en) * | 1982-11-10 | 1984-05-22 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Fire extinguishing agent |
-
1984
- 1984-03-15 DE DE19843409602 patent/DE3409602A1/en active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-02-27 EP EP85901410A patent/EP0208682B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-27 DE DE8585901410T patent/DE3574677D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-02-27 JP JP60501171A patent/JPS61501435A/en active Pending
- 1985-02-27 BR BR8507162A patent/BR8507162A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-02-27 AU AU40651/85A patent/AU568730B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-02-27 WO PCT/EP1985/000070 patent/WO1985004109A1/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19531089A1 (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1997-02-27 | Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes | Liquid foam concentrate giving stable polymer film for extinguishing class A and B fires |
| DE19531089C2 (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1999-03-18 | Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes | Foam concentrate for fire extinguishing purposes |
| DE19531089C3 (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 2003-09-18 | Total Walther Feuerschutz Loes | Foam concentrate for fire-fighting purposes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU568730B2 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| EP0208682A1 (en) | 1987-01-21 |
| AU4065185A (en) | 1985-10-11 |
| DE3409602C2 (en) | 1987-08-27 |
| DE3409602A1 (en) | 1985-09-26 |
| DE3574677D1 (en) | 1990-01-18 |
| JPS61501435A (en) | 1986-07-17 |
| WO1985004109A1 (en) | 1985-09-26 |
| BR8507162A (en) | 1987-07-14 |
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