DE2134973A1 - Fire extinguishing composition - Google Patents

Description

Folder 22627 - Dr ₀ K / H
ICI CASE MDo22942

IMPERIAL CHEJIICAI. IBDUSIRIES LIMITED London S «W _O 1 / ENGLAND

"! Fire 18 composition"

PRIORITY : 13th July 1970

The invention relates to fire extinguishing compositions "

Is it known _? that both aqueous foams and halogen-containing vaporizable liquids can be used to extinguish fires *. The use of these two components together in a combination is often difficult, since the liquid often breaks down the aqueous mess. It has now been found that the

2098U / 0829

The tendency of the foam to collapse is reduced when to use a fluorine-containing surface-active agent in the composition incorporated. The fire extinguishing properties of the foam are also improved "

Thus, according to the invention, an improved foamable fire extinguishing composition is proposed which contains a foaming agent, water _9, a flame-retardant halogen-containing compound with a boiling point of ~ 100 ° C to +200 ⁰ C and a surface-active agent which has a terminal aliphatic «perfluorocarbon chain with at least 3 Has carbon atoms?

The foaming agent can be any material which gives a foam when in aqueous solution is stirred with one of the ". For example, the agent can consist of a protein ₉ a hydrolyzed protein or other macromolecular surface-active material ₉ which results in a foam with low expansion _n The agent can also be a surface-active material with low molecular weight »such as is used for detergents, wetting agents or emulsifiers -, and which one a foam with high _? medium or low expansion results when a solution of this material in water is stirred with a gas. For the compositions according to the invention, it is preferred to use a flexible foam which has good resistance to the heat generated during fire fighting, such as is for example in the foaming compositions of the Pail, which is under the trademarks "Aphorosol PC", "Komet-Extrakt" and "Sthamex" of the Pail,

Other synthetic surfactants used to make a foam according to the invention

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can zJBe are anionic, cationic or ^ indungen nonionic verb _f such * B "Hatriumlauryleulfat? Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate and alkylbenzenesulfonate salts, lauryl (dimethylbenzyl) ammonium chloride and alkyl or aryl-terminated polyethylene oxides. Foams can also be produced from solutions of macromolecular materials, such as ZoBo polyvinyl alcohol, salts of acrylic acid / styrene polyolymers, cellulose ether and ester derivatives. The foaming agents preferred according to the invention because of their thermal stability are those made from natural, regenerated or synthetic proteins will. Such foaming agents are usually produced by hydrolysis and subsequent neutralization of a protein or protein-containing extracts which natural type, or may be artificially generated, Ss Bind _r different Schaumbildungszueammensetzungen commercially for fire extinguishing purposes available, such as Z = Bo those f under the trademarks "Pyrene Standard " _p " Pyrene Premix "and" Hicerol "are available o

For the purposes of the invention, the foaming agent is used together with water «. The agent can be packaged ready for use in largely anhydrous form as a solid or liquid; However, the usual form of a concentrated aqueous solution "For example," selling the above-mentioned foaming agent based on protein in the form of an "aqueous concentrate" In order to produce a foam, concentrations of 0.05 to 10 OEW ₀ -jt _5, preferably from 1 to 5 wt .-jC ,, based on the water. If a concentrate is used which typically contains 20 to 40 pounds of the anhydrous foaming agent, then correspondingly greater weights of the "consentrate" in water will be required. For example, £ 6 "Hicerol" or "" Pyrene ^w concentrates are used

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used in the examples «

The flame-retardant halogen-containing compound is incorporated as additional fire-fighting material. Is this preferably an easily vaporized compound? the steam prevents llanuaenausbreitung * For this reason, compounds having boiling points in the range from "100 ° C to + 20O ⁰ C The suitable häufigsten.Verbindungen are organic halides, such« B _o fluoro, chloro-j, bromo ~ and Jodomethane "Ethanes and propanes _f but the halides of other elements, such as ZeB® sulfur hexafluoride or nitrogen trifluoride, can optionally also be used," Examples of halogenated organic compounds ₉ which can be used as vaporizable liquids according to the invention, are carbon tetrachloride mono <= _r ~ Di and Tribromomethan ·, mono-, di- and Jribromoäthanj, Methyljodidj, ethyl iodide and Perfluoroalkane and "alkenes, such as Z ₆ perfluoroheptane., etrafluoroäthylen Perfluorodisethylcyclohexan and Tetranierej, Pentaraere and hexamers of 3? _o

It will preferably contain ₉ links to use "the bromine and / or iodine ;, as they prevent the flame spread well ver ~" The use of bromine compounds is particularly preferred "compounds _v sowohD containing fluorine and other halogen atoms, such as _c 3 . Monobromo-, dibromo or = Bromochloroderivate of Perfluoromethan, ethane and propane _$ Bind often particularly useful since they have properties to prevent flames ₈ ;, and since they have generally lower boiling points, given as similar compounds containing no fluorine

Compounds which have lower boiling points, such as z _o Bo from -10O ⁰ C to +50 ⁰ C, are special in such situations

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useful where rapid saturation of the atmosphere with steam is desired? whereas for outdoor applications, compounds that have higher boiling points, such as sE »▼ on +50 ⁰ C to +100 ⁰ C, can be sprayed over longer distances. Thus, the compounds are selected on the basis of a complex combination of properties. "Ton dei" compounds that do not contain fluorine are particular methyl bromide, methyl end ibromide and bromochloromethane preferred From the compounds? containing fluorine, for example, the following are preferred;

1 bronotrifluoromethane,

2 iodotrifluoromethane,

3 bromopentafluoroethane,

4 iodopentafluoroethane,

5 Mbromodifluoromethane _p

6 1,1-dibromotetrafluoroethane,

7 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane,

8 1 ₈ 2-diiodine & tetrafluoroethane,

9 1 s 2-DibroBO-1,2 «° d ifluoroethane,

10 2-bromo »1,1,1-trifluoroethane ₉

11 iribroaofluoroaethane,

12 tetrabroMO-1,2-difluoroethane,

13 chlorobromodifluoromethane,

14 1,2-DibroMo »1-chlorotrifluoroethane ₉

15 1,1 = dibromo ~ 1-chloro-2,2,2 ~ trifluoroethane,

16 1, 2 =>]) ibroKohexafluoropropane ₀

It is particularly preferred to use at least one of the compounds " ₉ 3 ₉ 5 ₉ 6 # 7 _S 13" 14 "15, 16" from the above list of compounds in the combinations according to the invention.

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2134373

Two or more of the compounds listed above can be mixed in order to achieve the desired balance between flame retardant properties and other physical properties ₉ such as Z ₀ Be volatility ρ 2; u *. Such a balance is not always possible-with a Verbindtrag, although the compounds are of course selected so that it has a _P favorable balance of properties than other compounds in the same class "

The aqueous and non-aqueous components of the composition settlement tend to be intolerant, and from this Basically, it is difficult to mix them in the absence of a strong surfactant.

The fluorine-containing surfactant can be any compound containing a hydrophilic group and an aliphatic perfluorocarbon chain having at least 3 carbon atoms. The perfluorocarbon chain with at least 3 carbon atoms can either form the entire perfluorocarbon part or only a section of the perfluorocarbon part of the molecule and the hydrophilic part of the molecule vorliegenβ the perfluorocarbon chain having 3 or more carbon atoms is preferably an end continuous chain, such _o B, a terminal part of a straight Fluoroalkylkette or a terminal part of either branched Perfluoroalkenylgruppe or a branched perfluoroalkyl group _s of which the following preferred examples are:

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(c ₂ P ₅ ) ₂ - C (CP ₃ ) - C (CP ₃ ) » C ₂ P ₅ - C (CP ₃ )« C (CP ₃ ) - CP ₂ - CP ₂ (C ₂ P ₅ J ₂ - C (CP ₃ ) -CH ₂ - (C ₂ P ₅ ) ₂ - C (CP ₃ ) - CH. C (CP ₃ ) -

Among the materials suitable according to the invention are also alkali metal and quaternary Aanoniunealee of perfluoroalkylcarboxylic acids, - »phosphoric acids and sulfonic acids? which contain branched or straight perfluoro chains »are examples of this

CP ₃ (CP ₂ ) _n SO ₃ Ha

(CP ₃ ) ₂ CP (CP ₂ ) _n SO ₃ Ha

CP ₃ (CP ₂ ) _n COO1fa

where η stands for 2 to 19 *, preferably for 5 to 11 , o Particularly suitable surface-active agents are those described in German patent application P 19 21 928 "4 o In all these gowns, the fluorinated part of the molecule is derived from an oligoxane of tetrafluoroethylene away. Optionally, between the perfluoro radical and the hydrophilic group, hydrocarbon

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there are groups or other groups * The Perfluorokohlen · "st off groups ;, which are particularly preferred are highly branched internally unsaturated Perfluoroalkenylgruppen _s as BoBo CgF.jc"> C ^ QJP ₁ g ° C and p ^^ ■ z "^ ^ru V ^^ o It is understood that the hydrocarbon group or the other group should not exert such a strong influence on the self "shanks of the molecule _p that the effects of Perfluorokohlenstoffkette lost ₀ is the" semi preferred Dafi the number of carbon atom in any hydrocarbon chain that lies between the perfluorocarbon group and the hydrophilic center should not be greater than the total number of carbon atoms in the perfluorocarbon group, for this purpose a benzene ring counts as a chain of 4 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon part, and carbon atom « in branches of an aliphatic chain or substituents on the aromatic ring do not count as chain carbon atoms «expedient Processes by which surface-active gowns can be produced from the petrafluoroethylene oligomers ₉ are described in British patents 1 130 822 ₉ 1 148 486 ₉ 1 151 «01, 1 155 607, 1 176 and in British patent application Br ₀ 8295/71 .

Hydrogen atoms »those present in the fluorocarbon part are ρ also reduce the beneficial influence of perfluorocarbons st off chain, and for this reason the Fluorocarbon particles have the maximum effect when it is completely fluorinated. Examples of such preferred compounds are:

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- ^C 6 ^H 4 - ^SO 3 ~ ^{Q +} ~ ° 6 ^H 4 - ^C0 2 ~ ^{Q +}

where Q represents an alkali metal, preferably Ha ader K ₉ ammonium or alkyl-substituted anaaoniunij, preferably mono ° _s di ~ and trimethyl- or -ethyl-substituted ₀ st <

where m is an integer from 1 to 20, _β

^C 6 ^H 4 ^S0 2?

⁵ ^ CH ₂ CH ₂ COO3Sra

NH - CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ N ⁺ (CH ₃ ) ₃ CH ₃ SO ₄

CH ₃

where η is an integer from 3 to 20 _r, preferably from 6 to 12, »

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Other compounds that contain a hydrophilic group (which can be anionic, cationic or non-ionic) and a highly fluorinated group that is either derived from a lelomer of tetrafluoroethylene or by reaction of a perfluoroalkyl iodide (see German patent application P 20 20 826.8) can also be used _o

Preferred compounds of this type can be used with the general formula

in which the group H is a straight-chain perfluoroalkyl group 01? 2πη · 1, in which m is an integer from 3 to 20 and X is a hydrophilic group. Particularly preferred compounds are:

SO ₅ BTa
SO ₂ BH (CH ₂ ) ₃ li ⁺ {CH ₃ ) ₃ J "

as in the German patent application P 20 20 826.8 to » given are*

The components of the compositions given above can all be mixed to produce a liquid composition ₉ whereby the flame-retardant halogen compound can later be added to an aqueous composition of the other two compounds _{or the like}

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If necessary, another procedure can also be used ^

The foams can be generated by stirring the liquid mixture in any way so that gas molecules be absorbed into the liquid. The foam can with a gas like Z = B. Air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or argon, with the gas kept under Brock and is discharged below the surface of the liquid mixture. Another method, which is here can be used is to suck the liquid composition along, for example, a method can can be used in which the liquid from a nozzle or similar device in the form of a jet is dispensed, wherein the nozzle or similar device is constructed so that inft into the liquid stream is drawn in - leaving a foam at the opening formed

The ingredients of the liquid composition can be stored separately and mixed before the ejection of separate drilling and directed into the fire, Venn, the flame retardant halogen-containing compound _s "wipe -10o boils ⁰ C and +200 ⁰ C, a liquid or a gas with a Boiling point is at the lower end of this range; then it will be possible to inflate the review "by means of their own vapor," in this case is a mere mixing under pressure nit sufficiently ₉ the foam to the aqueous solution of the SchSraanit = means of and the fluorinated surface active agent and a mere ejecting from an orifice with no need for an additional propellant ο

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You above-mentioned aqueous foaming compositions and the foams produced therefrom have good resistance to warnings and show in the presence of hot liquid fuels ₉ such as zj. Hydrocarbon fuels? and in the presence of their flames, they have very good stability «They can therefore be used to quickly extinguish a plan, the stability of the iron providing increased protection against re-ignition«

The invention will now be elucidated by means of the following examples explained; in which the parts and percentages are by weight are expressed, unless otherwise stated "

Example 1 wam »atabilitata ~ attempts

Solutions that · ent the three components according to the invention stopped and sub foams were ready, were followed

To 120 «1 of a solution of the foaming agent in water was ·» 5 al halogenated fire retardant liquid sug «g« l »« n. Sia small amount of a surface-active agent which can be used in Perfluorokohlenetoffkette old «indeitene 3 carbon components exhibited, the mixture was in an ionization tob 0.025 ^, based on the split solution, sug «g« b9B ·

Die Lumm "(c *. 123 al) was" old "in" i in d "r lud su halt Mi" ch * r slept for food, so that Solmam took a toluene of 10 (K) al of the whole received

BAD 0RfGI ^ 4AL

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Foam was introduced into a hemispherical funnel which had a path on the drain pipe. The funnel was surrounded by an electrically heated jacket and was thus kept at HO ⁰ C. After the foam had been poured into the funnel, the drain cock was opened every 30 seconds in order to drain the liquid formed by the collapse of the foam into a hot cylinder. The times required for a total of 60 ml or 100 ml of liquid to accumulate in the hot cylinder are given in Table I.

For comparison, some compositions were made »containing only one or two of the three components · Details of the components used in each experiment are given in Table I «,

Example 2

Attempt to determine the compatibility with gasoline surfaces

A foam was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. 200 ml of this foam wurderi to 100 ml of gasoline poured, which was in a dish with 10 cm diameter and was maintained at 6O ⁰ C "Die Zeit" was necessary for a complete collapse of the foam, the so ie that no bubbles on The results for various foams are given in Tables II and III. It can be seen that the compositions according to the invention give a foam which is stable on the surface of the gasoline. Particularly good results are found with the "Pyrene" and ⁿ Hicerol "foams, which are based on protein ·

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In Tables I to 7, the symbols A, B, C, D, S mean and M the following:

A refers to an aqueous solution of the peeling agent, sold under the trademark "Koaet Extract" will; their concentration is 2.5 »1 in 100 al der finished solution »

B refers to an aqueous solution of the eye remedy, which is sold under the »trademark" Sthaaex "; their consentration is 2 al in 100 al of the finished Solution.

C is looking at a solution to the peeling device that sold under the trademark "Pyrene Standard" will; their concentration is 6 al per 100 al der finished solution.

refers to a solution of the sacrum, that sold under the trademark "Pyrene Preaix"; their concentration is 6 al in 100 al ready-made solution.

E refers to a solution of the Schäuaaittela, the under the merchandise oak "HIc er oil" is sold; their Concentration is 6 al in 100 al ready solution

H refers to a connection of Porael Rfg

wherein R ^ is an Oeaisch of branched perfluoroalkenyl radicals _ψ which are derived from tetra and penta from tetrafluoroethylene; it is used in a concentration of 0.025 % ₉ based on the seeded solution.

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- 46 "-

PC95 and FC98 refer to names that are used in In

Commercially used for two fluorine-containing surfactants, one just contain perfluoroalkyl group and that of the MHmESOTA HIHIHG AKD MAKTTPACTUEIHG CO.LID. sold.

* The compound CF-CBrgCl contained traces of OF-CBrOlH and

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Λ (ο

Addendum I.
5 ml without Addition II
0.025 1 * Expiration time 100 ml . TABLE I without * CF ₃ CBr ₂ Cl without 60 ml ; Liquid composition * CP ₃ CBr ₂ Cl ♦ C? ₃ CBr ₂ 01 η 2 3 Foam
middle
120 ml ^ CF ₃ CBr ₂ Cl CH ₂ Br ₂ H 1 3.5 A. without CH ₂ Br ₂ without 1 4.5 A. * CF ₃ CBr ₂ 01 without η 2 2.5 A. * CF ₃ CBr ₂ Cl • CF ₃ CBr ₂ Cl M. 1 3 B. CH ₂ Br ₂ * CF ₃ CBr ₂ Cl without 1 3 B. CH ₂ Br ₂ M. 1.5 4th B. without 1.5 6th B. 1.5 4th B. H 1 5 C. without 1.5 3 C. M. 1.5 8th C. without 2.5 8th D. H 3.5 7th B. M. 2.5 7th E. 4th E. E.

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te -

CVj ς- φ H in O O O ο (4th in Yy Φ CVJ φ ο O ο O O + O CQ ·· ■ · fr > O · ♦ ιη ιη ιη O 4- -P S. ^ A. Λ • Η • Η S. « CVi α • Η PQ * GQ ο O O PH "** »Ο O 1 CVJ CVI O τ- i-t approx CVJ in (Q O O Ο 8th " O Φ O O O Ό ιη tn ιη O A. τ— τ— - O + IN THE* ο Λ » Λ 3 r-4 54 O Yes CVJ Yes pl φ PQ I. O ο O £ -1 O O NI ·· fa Pm CM ιη ιη O τ- 01 Α • Η O O O "° O O O -μ » ιη ιη tn "Π
φ Λ Λ Λ CSl O O ο ο W. ιη ιη κ k O O co

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TABLE III

liquid compositions Addendum I.
5 ml Addition II
0.025 # Time to get together
break the foam in
min: see Foam
middle
120 ml without
sym, C ₂ F ₄ Br ₂ without
η 3:20
3:00 B.
B. sym »C ₂ F ₄ Br ₂ FC98 5:10 B. sym. C ₂ F ^ Br ₂ FC95 4:00 B. * CF ₃ CBr ₂ Cl without 3: 1O B. * CF ₅ CBr ₂ Cl M. 3:30 B.

Example 3

A foam was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. 100 ml of gasoline were placed in a 10 cm bowl
Diameter introduced and the gasoline was with the help of
hot water that flowed through a copper snake immersed in gasoline. 100 ml of foam was poured onto the surface of the gasoline, which was kept at a temperature of 6O ⁰ C, and the time was measured while

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that the foam remained as a complete layer on the gasoline surface »

You results for various foams and organic flamm · = inhibiting liquids with and without a fluorine-containing one Surfactants are shown in Table IV o It It can be seen that the protein-based foams have considerable stability and gasoline compatibility through the presence of a fluorine-containing surfactant in the foam is awarded even if volatile liquids are present, which affect the properties of the froteinfoam worsen.

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TABEIIJE IV

Time in minutes for the foam to collapse over the gasoline

o to 00

3 00 IO

Foam »
middle air C ₂ P ₄ Br ₂ flame retardant liquid C ₂ P ₅ Br CP ₃ Br CP ₂ Br Cl 4 3/4 6th CH ₂ Br ₂ 4th 7 1/4 4th A. 3 3/4 3 4 1/2 3 3/4 5 1/4 6 1/4 A + M 3 1/4 3 4 1/4 5 1/2 4 1/2 4th B. 3 3/4 3 1/4 4 3/4 6 1/2 β B + M 2 1/4 5 1/2 4 1/4 4th 7th 4 1/2 C. > 15 > 15 2 1/4 > 15 ^ 15 > 15 C + M 5 3/4 7 3/4 > 15 9 3/4 10 14th D. > 15 > 15 5 1/4 > 15 > 15 > 15 D + M > 15 > 15 > 15 > 15 > 15 > 15 E. > 15 > 15 10 1/4 > 15 > 15 > 15 E + M 15th

NJ

CO CO

B e i s p jel 4

Foams have been prepared from a variety of aqueous foamable compositions by forcing the composition under pressure through an Eotameter and then mixing in a known volume of air measured in another Rotary Meter until the desired expansion to approximately ten times the volume of the original composition is obtained. The foam was then passed against a row of baffles ₉ thereby reducing the bubble size of the foam. A volatile flame retardant liquid (if used in the particular test) was introduced into the foam just prior to the foam being fed to the baffles “Die zu Test foams were tested on a fire and the times were measured to

(a) Reduce the fire to only 10 # its size or

(b) achieve a complete extinction _o

In addition, a test of the stability of the Foam performed by measuring the time it took for a quarter of the hate of the foam to be non-foamed liquid drained off. The fire used for this test was a gasoline fire (600 ml gasoline), the one Area of 645 cm and a burn-in time of 30 seconds was allowed before the foam was applied «

The results are given in Table V.

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TABLE Y

Foaming agent

fleeting time
Liquid up to the expiration of a ness
Quarter of the liquid (min)

90
Going out

(min)

complete extinction

(min)

comment

B.
B. M. CF ₂ Br ₂ 1
1 1/2
1/4 2
2 1/4
3/4 2
3 3/4
1/4 ) Foam
} sits down
) through quickly
hot gasoline
- ignites
easy and
burns easily B. H 1 3/4 1 1/4 1 3/4 Re-sealing
own
do very well
well and Sta
mobility against
Gasoline essential
lich verbes
sert B. CF ₂ Br ₂ 2 1 1 1/4 He flames
clears
6 times before
the gasoline
burned easily σ M. CF ₂ Br ₂ 1 1/2 2 3/4 2 3/4 σ + CF ₂ Br ₂ 1 1/2 1/2 3/4 C. M. - ' 2 1/2 Vj) 1/4 3 3/4 σ + - Vj) 3/4 1 D. - VJI 1/2 2 4th M. CF ₂ Br ₂ 2 2 1/2 3 D. + M. CF ₂ Br ₂ 2 1 1/4 1 1/2 Ό + 2 5/6 1 1/2

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Vh η -

Continuation: TABBLIE V

Foaming »volatile time up to 90 # full liquid to see redemption running a / -, -„ i quarter ^(mxn) of

liquid
(min)

comment

₂ P ₄ Br ₂

ges extinction

(min)

2 1/2 3 1/4 3 3/4 through the flam
me easily
disturbs 1 2 3/4 3 1/4 good mobility »
but
easy re
inflammation 3 3/4 1 good posable
ity »burns
easy with him
re-ignition 3 4/6 1 agility
good but none
slight low
inflammation 5 1/2 CVi 4th 1/2 3 3 1/6 Foam burned
easy at
Re-ignition
dung - initially
but slowly 2 1/4 5/6 1 1/2 1 1 1/2 1 3/4 Foam very much
difficult to
share and very
difficult like
to ignite

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Continuation: TABLE V

Foaming- volatile time to 90 # full- remark aittel liquid- to Ab = SrIS- stänä-

speed - wm to run see ges he Vied erabd I- one
Quarter
the (min) Clear
(min) own Fluid work well » speed but quick (min) Decomposition at B. 6th 3 4th renewed ignition the C ₂ F ₄ Br Sealing properties good, but again easy to ignite B. 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2 Sealing properties excellent, very difficult again to ent B + M 2 1 1 1/2 ignite, burns but with him re-ignition easy C ₂ F-Br ₂ as previously, but good wi state of affairs capability against again B + M 1 1/2 1 1 1/4 Ignite

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Claims (1)

Foamable composition for fire fighting _9, characterized in that it contains the following a: a foaming agent, water, a flame-retardant halogen-containing compound with a boiling point of -100 to + 20O ⁰ C and a surface-active agent which has a terminal aliphatic perfluorocarbon chain with at least 3 carbon atoms. 2ο Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that that the foaming agent consists of a water-soluble macromolecular compound " 3 ο Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foaming agent is derived from a protein or modified protein « 4. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the foaming agent consists of a synthetic surfactant consists " 5 »Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flame-retardant compound from a halogenated aliphatic compound which contains no more than 3 carbon atoms. 2098U / 0829. 6 _a Composition according to Claim 5 _9, characterized in that the halogenated compound contains bromine as a substituent. 7 »Composition according to claim 5, characterized in that that the halogenated compound contains both bromine and fluorine as substituents » Q, composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the halogenated aliphatic ^ compound is a completely halogenated compound » 9e composition according to Anaprwch 8, characterized in that that the completely halogenated compound contains only fluorine and bromine substituents » 1Oo composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the terminal aliphatic perfluorocarbon chain has 6 to 12 carbon atoms contains. 11, composition according to claim 10, characterized in that the terminal aliphatic ^ perfluorocarbon chain is heavily branched. 12ο Composition according to claim 1O _9, characterized in that the perfluorocarbon chain contains an inner unsaturated carbon atom. 13. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant containing a perfluorocarbon chain, a Mi t 2098U / 0829 tel eats which it derives from a tetrafluoroethylene oligomer, Η «Composition according to claim 13, characterized t the agent made from a tetrafluoroethylene oligomer as described in British Patents 1,130,822, 1,148,486, 1,151,601, 1,155 or 1 176 492 is described » 15 ο use of a composition according to one of the Claims 1 to 14 scur fighting fires. 2098U / 0829