EP0184099A2 - Moyen et procédé pour le post-traitement du linge lavé - Google Patents

Moyen et procédé pour le post-traitement du linge lavé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0184099A2
EP0184099A2 EP85114926A EP85114926A EP0184099A2 EP 0184099 A2 EP0184099 A2 EP 0184099A2 EP 85114926 A EP85114926 A EP 85114926A EP 85114926 A EP85114926 A EP 85114926A EP 0184099 A2 EP0184099 A2 EP 0184099A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
percent
salts
quaternary ammonium
composition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85114926A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0184099B1 (fr
EP0184099A3 (en
Inventor
Norbert Dr. Schindler
Hans Dr. Nüsslein
Edgar Dr. Köppelmann
Jörg Poethkow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority to AT85114926T priority Critical patent/ATE59677T1/de
Publication of EP0184099A2 publication Critical patent/EP0184099A2/fr
Publication of EP0184099A3 publication Critical patent/EP0184099A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0184099B1 publication Critical patent/EP0184099B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/042—Acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/046—Salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3937—Stabilising agents

Definitions

  • the laundry treatment generally requires several operations for "acidifying” (neutralizing) and “antichlorinating” (reducing) as well as softening or antibacterial treatment.
  • Agents and processes with which acidification and antichlorination of freshly washed laundry * as well as post-treatment with textile softeners or antibacterial agents can be carried out in a single operation are therefore a considerable disadvantage of the post-washing treatment for commercial laundries.
  • liquid aftertreatment agents which can be produced, for example, by dissolving powdery agents into a stock solution, usually fails because of the poor solubility or the insufficient stability of the solution or dispersion of the - because of the metering devices for liquid agents usually present on commercial washing machines known aftertreatment agents intended for use in commercial laundries.
  • Known liquid agents do not have acidifying, antichlorinating and softening properties at the same time.
  • DE-OS 32 05 317 describes a liquid laundry aftertreatment agent which simultaneously combines textile softening, acidifying and antichlorinating properties.
  • the textile treatment agents disclosed here contain, in addition to quaternary ammonium compounds with textile softening action, hydrogen peroxide or organic percarboxylic acids as reducing agents for chlorine and chlorine compounds with positive value and additionally stabilizers for the peroxy compounds, especially the hydrogen peroxide.
  • acidifying agents in particular phosphoric acid or acidic salts of phosphoric acid, but also other inorganic and / or organic acids or salts
  • the pH of the agent is lowered so that it is at most 4.
  • These agents of DE-OS 32 05 317 can also contain other usual additives, for example antibacterial agents. Examples of other additives are dispersants, foam regulators, and colorants and fragrances. Water may be used as the liquid carrier, with additions of organic water-miscible solvents.
  • the invention is based on the task of further improving the means described last.
  • the invention aims to extend the shelf life and thus the useful life of such agents.
  • the substance mixtures of the type described contain per-compounds, in particular hydrogen peroxide, as an essential constituent.
  • hydrogen peroxide quaternary ammonium compounds and an acidic agent, in particular phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid salts
  • an acidic agent in particular phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid salts
  • the invention relates in a first embodiment to liquid laundry aftertreatment agents with textile-softening, acidifying and antichlorizing properties, containing hydrogen peroxide or an organic percarboxylic acid, stabilizers for peroxy compounds, textile-softening quaternary ammonium compounds and acidifying agents and, if desired, other additives which are customary .
  • the new teaching is characterized in that hexafluorosilicic acid and / or its water-soluble salts are present at least partially as acidifying agents.
  • the amount of hexafluorosilicic acid and / or its water-soluble salts in the laundry treatment composition is preferably about 1 to 25 percent by weight, in particular about 5 to 20 percent by weight.
  • the hexafluorosilicic acid or its salts are the sole or predominant constituent for acidifying the treatment agent, it also being preferred here not to set pH values above 4 in the aqueous aftertreatment agent.
  • Suitable water-soluble salts of hexafluorosilicic acid are, for example, corresponding salts from the first to third groups of the periodic system, the ammonium salt of the acid mentioned or the corresponding amine and / or quaternary ammonium salts.
  • particularly suitable acidifying components can be their sodium, potassium and / or ammonium salts, the magnesium and / or zinc salt, the magnesium salt being preferred because of its excellent acidifying and peroxide-stabilizing action.
  • Particularly suitable amounts of these acidifying agents are in the range from about 8 to 18 weight percent.
  • the quaternary ammonium compounds with preferably two long-chain, preferably saturated aliphatic radicals each having 14 to 26, preferably 16 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one quaternary nitrogen atom in the molecule are suitable as fabric softening agents.
  • the long-chain aliphatic radicals can be straight-chain or branched and can accordingly be derived from fatty acids, or from fatty amines, Guerbetamines, or from the alkylamines obtainable by reduction of nitroparaffins.
  • These quaternary ammonium compounds are, in particular, derivatives of ammonia, ie the quaternary salts obtainable by alkylation of long-chain secondary amines, such as, for. B. the compounds distearyldimethylammonium chloride or di.
  • the tallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride or the imidazoline compounds obtainable by reacting 1 mole of an aminoalkyl ethylenediamine or hydroxyalkyl ethylenediamine with 2 moles of a long-chain C 12 -C 26 fatty acid or its ester, which are then converted into the quaternary imidazolinium compounds by alkylation.
  • the anion generally consists of the acid residue which has arisen from the alkylating agent used in the quaternization.
  • chloride, bromide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, methane, ethane or toluenesulfonate are suitable as anions.
  • the condensates of 1-3 mols of fatty acid alkyl ester or 1/3-1 mol of fatty acid triglyceride with 1Nol of a hydroxyalkylpolyamine, for example hydroxyethylethylenediamine or hydroxyethyldiethyle-n-triamine are also suitable as fabric softeners. Particularly suitable is obtained by reacting 1 mol of a fatty acid triglyceride, particularly hydrogenated tallow, with 1 mol of hydroxyethylethylene d.iamin at 90-150 C d available product.
  • These active ingredients lead to a uniform, striking improvement in the treated textiles with simultaneous antistatic finishing without staining.
  • the agent according to the invention preferably contains hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as an antichlorinating component.
  • H 2 O 2 acts as a reducing agent compared to the stronger oxidizing agent hypochlorite.
  • organic percarboxylic acids such as. B. diperazelaic acid or diperisophthalic acid can be used.
  • the hydrogen peroxide is preferred because of its easy accessibility and because it is converted to the water which is present anyway upon reduction. Another advantage of H 2 O 2 is that it cannot form any solid deposits.
  • the agent contains a heavy metal complexing agent.
  • Suitable complexing agents are e.g. B. alkane polyphosphonic acids, amino and hydroxyalkane polyphosphonic acids and phosphonocarboxylic acids, such as. B. the compounds methanediphosphonic acid, 1-aminoethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylene triphosphonic acid, 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid or aminopolycarboxylic acids such as. B.
  • nitrilotriacetic acid ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid or its alkali metal salts.
  • Such heavy metal complexing agents also counteract a yellowing tendency of the laundry caused by heavy metal ions in the rinse water.
  • 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and its alkali salts have a particularly good stabilizing effect.
  • inorganic and / or organic acids or corresponding acid salts can also be used. Especially when working with hydrogen peroxide, the choice of additional acids or acid salts is preferred, which do not in turn interact with the peroxide.
  • Orthophosphoric acid and / or its acidic salts for example sodium dihydrogen phosphate, are particularly suitable.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain customary further additives.
  • Antimicrobial agents are an example of this.
  • bactericidal or bacteriostatic or fungicidal or fungistatic compounds are understood. These active ingredients are said to be water-soluble either as such or in the form of their salts.
  • the antimicrobial agents suitable as additives are e.g. For example, such quaternary ammonium compounds which, in addition to a long-chain aliphatic and two short-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, contain an aromatic radical linked via an aliphatic carbon atom to the nitrogen atom, or an aliphatic organic radical having double bonds in the molecule.
  • antimicrobial quaternary ammonium compounds are the following: dimethyl-benzyl-dodecylammonium chloride, dimethyl-benzyl-tetradecylammonium chloride, dimethyl- (ethylbenzyl) -dodecyl-ammonium chloride, dimethyl-benzyl-decylammonium bromide, diethyl-benzyl-dodecylammylium diethylammonium ammonium chloride, dibutylallyl, methyl-ethyl-benzyl, ethyl-cyclohexyl-allyl, ethyl-crotyl-diethylaminoethyl-dodecyl-ammonium chloride and in particular cocoalkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride. Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride is also effective.
  • antimicrobial agents can also be used, provided they are stable in the presence of per compounds in an acidic medium.
  • betaines such as. B. Dodecyl-di (aminoethyl) glycine.
  • Other useful antimicrobial agents are e.g. B. hexamethylene bis (chlorophenyl) biguanide digluconate or dihydrochloride and dodecylglycine.
  • nonionic surfactants are particularly suitable as dispersants, as they can be contained in liquid textile aftertreatment agents according to the invention. These include products that owe their hydrophilic properties to the presence of polyether chains, amine oxide, sulfoxide or phosphine oxide groups, alkylolar groups or, in general, an accumulation of hydroxyl groups.
  • nonionics contain at least one hydrophobic radical with 8-26, preferably 10-20 and in particular 12-18 carbon atoms in the molecule, and at least one nonionic, water-solubilizing group.
  • the preferably saturated hydrophobic residue is usually aliphatic, possibly also alicyclic in nature; it can be connected to the water-solubilizing groups directly or via intermediate links.
  • intermediate links come z. B. benzene rings, carboxylic acid ester or carbonamide groups, ether or ester-bonded residues of polyhydric alcohols, such as. B. that of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or corresponding polyether radicals in question.
  • Typical nonionics preferred as dispersants are e.g. B. the adducts of about 9 moles of ethylene oxide with N o -nylphenol or with dodecyl alcohol, polyethylene glycols up to 50-ethoxy units or polyethoxy-polypropoxy-glycols with up to 20 ethoxy or propoxy units.
  • quaternary ammonium compound which softens the textile preference is given in particular to the compounds which are used to a large extent, dimethylditalgalkylammonium chloride or dimethyldistearylammonium chloride, of which dirzethyldistearylammonium chloride is particularly preferred.
  • Quaternary ammonium compounds are preferred as antibacterial active substances, in particular coconut alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
  • Hydrogen peroxide which has sufficient stability in the presence of heavy metal complexing agents, is used in particular for the antichlorination.
  • Suitable heavy metal complexing agents by means of which both the hydrogen peroxide is stabilized and discoloration of the laundry is counteracted by the use of washing water and rinsing water with an intrinsically disruptive content of heavy metal ions, are above all alkane polyphosphonic acids and aminopolycarboxylic acids, especially hydroxyethylenediamino-t R acetic acid and / or 1-hydroxyethanl, 1-diphosphonic acid b between their alkali salts.
  • Agents according to the invention contain especially when large amounts of textile-softening quaternary ammonium compounds are used to achieve a pronounced softening effect, expediently small amounts, for example 0.5-5% by weight of nonionic surfactants as dispersants.
  • This substance mixture which corresponds to the teaching of DE-OS 32 05 317, is compared with regard to its degree of hydrogen peroxide conservation during storage for 12 weeks at 40 ° C. compared to the active substance mixtures according to the invention summarized in the following table under numbers 2 to 5.
  • magnesium hexafluorosilicate! Is used as an acidifying agent.
  • the superior effect of the active ingredient mixtures according to the invention with regard to the degree of H 2 0 2 conservation after storage at 40 ° C. for 12 weeks can be seen from the corresponding numerical values.
  • the numerical values of the mixtures according to 2, 4, 5 and 6 are in the range 79-88% H 2 0 2 Conservation compared to 28.5% for the active ingredient mixture according to the prior art.
  • Even the active ingredient mixture 3 used for comparison which contains no complexing agent but contains magnesium fluorosilicate, is still significantly better in terms of the H 2 0 2 degree of preservation than the substance mixture of the prior art used for comparison.
  • the active ingredient mixtures according to the invention are generally placed in the last rinsing bath of a commercial washing machine - depending on the implementation of the previous washing process, i.e. of the remaining residual alkali or the desired softening or microbicidal effect - in an amount of 1 to 5 g / l to the rinse water (temperature approx. 25 ° C) and treat the washed and bleached with hypochlorite laundry for approx. 2 minutes. After this treatment liquor has been spun off, it can be determined by measuring the pH of the adhering moisture that alkaline detergent residues on the laundry are neutralized. The laundry does not smell of chlorine. After drying, it has a soft full grip.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
EP85114926A 1984-12-03 1985-11-25 Moyen et procédé pour le post-traitement du linge lavé Expired - Lifetime EP0184099B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85114926T ATE59677T1 (de) 1984-12-03 1985-11-25 Mittel und verfahren zum nachbehandeln gewaschener waesche.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3444068 1984-12-03
DE19843444068 DE3444068A1 (de) 1984-12-03 1984-12-03 Mittel und verfahren zum nachbehandeln gewaschener waesche

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0184099A2 true EP0184099A2 (fr) 1986-06-11
EP0184099A3 EP0184099A3 (en) 1988-05-25
EP0184099B1 EP0184099B1 (fr) 1991-01-02

Family

ID=6251782

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85114926A Expired - Lifetime EP0184099B1 (fr) 1984-12-03 1985-11-25 Moyen et procédé pour le post-traitement du linge lavé

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4704212A (fr)
EP (1) EP0184099B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61138770A (fr)
AT (1) ATE59677T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3444068A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK551885A (fr)
ES (1) ES8706811A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0288812B1 (fr) * 1987-04-30 1991-08-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Usage d'un inhibiteur de corrosion sur les surfaces céramiques
WO1994000548A1 (fr) * 1992-06-19 1994-01-06 Laporte E.S.D. Limited Compositions contenant un peracide organique et un compose d'ammonium quaternaire

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8822206D0 (en) * 1988-09-21 1988-10-26 Unilever Plc Fabric treatment composition
US5173214A (en) * 1989-02-01 1992-12-22 Union Oil Company Of California Precursor composition for sols and gels
DE4111040C1 (fr) * 1991-04-05 1992-06-17 Deutsche Granini Gmbh & Co Kg, 4800 Bielefeld, De
GB2285051A (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-28 Procter & Gamble Rinse aid composition
US5460736A (en) * 1994-10-07 1995-10-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Fabric softening composition containing chlorine scavengers
BR9612623A (pt) * 1995-06-07 1999-05-25 Bio Lab Inc Tratamento de água com peróxide de hidrogênio e um estabilizador de amônio quaternário
US6262013B1 (en) 1999-01-14 2001-07-17 Ecolab Inc. Sanitizing laundry sour
US6436445B1 (en) 1999-03-26 2002-08-20 Ecolab Inc. Antimicrobial and antiviral compositions containing an oxidizing species
US6855328B2 (en) * 2002-03-28 2005-02-15 Ecolab Inc. Antimicrobial and antiviral compositions containing an oxidizing species
BRPI0416067A (pt) * 2003-10-29 2007-01-02 Mallinckrodt Baker Inc removedores alcalinos de resìduo de cinza/gravação pós-plasma e composições de descascamento de fotorresistes contendo inibidores de corrosão de haleto de metal
US9228158B2 (en) * 2012-02-01 2016-01-05 Gurtler Industries, Inc. Composition and method for removing stains derived from chlorhexidine gluconate

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3329609A (en) * 1965-03-22 1967-07-04 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Compositions containing quaternary ammonium salts
US4115281A (en) * 1975-01-30 1978-09-19 Basf Wyandotte Corporation Compositions for souring and softening laundered textile materials, method of preparing the same, and stock solutions prepared therefrom
DE3142767A1 (de) * 1980-10-28 1982-07-08 Société d'Applications de Procédés Industriels et Chimiques S.A.P.I.C., 92600 Asnières, Seine Stabilisierte waessrige wasserstoffperoxidloesungen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
EP0086423A2 (fr) * 1982-02-15 1983-08-24 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Moyen et procédé pour le posttraitement du linge lavé

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3193505A (en) * 1961-09-20 1965-07-06 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Antimicrobial laundry sour composition
US3676353A (en) * 1971-02-16 1972-07-11 Basf Wyandotte Corp Nonflouride laundry sour containing fumaric acid
US3925230A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-12-09 Procter & Gamble Non-caking laundry sour
US3984335A (en) * 1975-01-16 1976-10-05 Basf Wyandotte Corporation Compositions for souring and softening laundered textile materials and stock solutions prepared therefrom
DE2904876A1 (de) * 1979-02-09 1980-08-21 Henkel Kgaa Mittel und verfahren zum nachbehandeln gewaschener waesche

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3329609A (en) * 1965-03-22 1967-07-04 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Compositions containing quaternary ammonium salts
US4115281A (en) * 1975-01-30 1978-09-19 Basf Wyandotte Corporation Compositions for souring and softening laundered textile materials, method of preparing the same, and stock solutions prepared therefrom
DE3142767A1 (de) * 1980-10-28 1982-07-08 Société d'Applications de Procédés Industriels et Chimiques S.A.P.I.C., 92600 Asnières, Seine Stabilisierte waessrige wasserstoffperoxidloesungen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
EP0086423A2 (fr) * 1982-02-15 1983-08-24 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Moyen et procédé pour le posttraitement du linge lavé

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0288812B1 (fr) * 1987-04-30 1991-08-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Usage d'un inhibiteur de corrosion sur les surfaces céramiques
WO1994000548A1 (fr) * 1992-06-19 1994-01-06 Laporte E.S.D. Limited Compositions contenant un peracide organique et un compose d'ammonium quaternaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61138770A (ja) 1986-06-26
DK551885A (da) 1986-06-04
ATE59677T1 (de) 1991-01-15
ES8706811A1 (es) 1987-07-01
EP0184099B1 (fr) 1991-01-02
DK551885D0 (da) 1985-11-28
US4704212A (en) 1987-11-03
EP0184099A3 (en) 1988-05-25
DE3581068D1 (de) 1991-02-07
DE3444068A1 (de) 1986-06-05
ES549515A0 (es) 1987-07-01

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