EP0168600B1 - Bipolarer Elektrolyseapparat mit Gasdiffusionskathode - Google Patents

Bipolarer Elektrolyseapparat mit Gasdiffusionskathode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0168600B1
EP0168600B1 EP85106418A EP85106418A EP0168600B1 EP 0168600 B1 EP0168600 B1 EP 0168600B1 EP 85106418 A EP85106418 A EP 85106418A EP 85106418 A EP85106418 A EP 85106418A EP 0168600 B1 EP0168600 B1 EP 0168600B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cathode
anode
partition
electrolysis
flanges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85106418A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0168600A2 (de
EP0168600A3 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Dr. Staab
Kurt Hannesen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Priority to AT85106418T priority Critical patent/ATE36562T1/de
Publication of EP0168600A2 publication Critical patent/EP0168600A2/de
Publication of EP0168600A3 publication Critical patent/EP0168600A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0168600B1 publication Critical patent/EP0168600B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bipolar electrolysis apparatus with an oxygen consumable cathode for producing chlorine and sodium hydroxide solution from aqueous alkali chloride solution with devices for supplying the electrolysis current and the electrolysis starting products and for removing the electrolysis starting products, in which the anode and cathode are arranged separated from one another by a partition.
  • Aqueous sodium chloride electrolysis is an important process for the production of the heavy chemicals chlorine and sodium hydroxide.
  • a modern variant is carried out in a membrane cell.
  • the electrolysis cell consists of an anode compartment with an anode and a cathode compartment with a cathode, and a cation exchange membrane that separates the two electrolysis compartments. If a saturated sodium chloride solution is fed into the anode compartment, the chloride ions at the anode are discharged into elemental chlorine under the influence of the electric current. At the same time, water is decomposed at the cathode with the formation of elemental hydrogen and hydroxide ions. Sodium ions migrate from the anode compartment through the cation exchange membrane into the cathode compartment to approximately the same extent as hydroxide ions are generated.
  • the underlying chemical reaction corresponds to the following equation:
  • an alkali chloride such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride or lithium chloride
  • a material must be used: it is resistant to the corrosive medium, which contains high chloride ion concentrations and elemental chlorine.
  • State of the art is the use of titanium, iridium or noble metals, preference is given to titanium metal, which can be activated on the surface with a mixed oxide in order to reduce the chlorine overvoltage and at the same time increase the oxygen overvoltage.
  • the anode is also made of titanium, which can be activated by transition metal oxides such as ruthenium oxide or iridium oxide in order to reduce the chlorine overvoltage and at the same time increase the oxygen overvoltage.
  • Titanium cannot be used for the cathode compartment because the hydrogen formed would cause embrittlement of the titanium metal.
  • the cathode compartment is therefore made of normal steel, stainless steel, nickel or nickel-plated steel.
  • the cathode also consists of these materials, but can additionally be activated by noble metals or other electrocatalysts such as, for example, Raney nickel or sulfur-containing nickel.
  • Electrochemical cells for alkali chloride electrolysis additionally contain a diaphragm or a cation exchange membrane that separate the anode and cathode compartments.
  • Cation exchange membranes that is perfluorinated membranes containing sulfonic acid or carboxyl groups, are preferably used if high-purity sodium hydroxide solution is to be obtained.
  • the membranes are cation-selective, i.e. only allow sodium ions to pass through during sodium chloride electrolysis, whereas the chloride ions remain in the anode compartment.
  • electrolysis cells which consist of anode space with anode, cathode space with cathode and cation exchange membrane, are used to compile larger electrolysers, which can consist of a large number of individual cells (cf. e.g. DE-A-2 914 869 or EP-A-22 445).
  • electrolysers can be switched monopolar or bipolar. The bipolar circuit is preferred since very large cell units can be operated with it.
  • the invention achieves the object in that at least one element with the shape of a double trough is arranged between two half-shells with edges designed as a flange, one of which carries an anode and the second a cathode is formed from a common floor and a side wall divided by the floor in height, the edges of which are provided with flanges, the anode and the cathode, which are spatially separated from one another by the floor, with the wall and struts which are perpendicular on both sides Protrude from the bottom are electrically connected, the partition walls are clamped between the flanges of the half-shells and the element and sealing elements are arranged so that a cavity is formed between the partition wall and the cathode.
  • two or more elements can be arranged between the half-shells.
  • the partition is clamped between the flanges of the elements and a sealing element is arranged so that a cavity is created between the partition and the cathode.
  • a spacer can be arranged between the partition and the cathode and the sealing element can have recesses, which connects the cavity between the partition and the cathode with devices for supplying and removing the catholyte.
  • Titanium can be used as the material for the half-shells and elements. Suitable as anode is titanium, which is activated with an oxide or mixed oxide of the metals of group VIII of the periodic table.
  • the element 6 has the shape of a double trough, which is formed from a common floor 7 and a side wall 8 divided by the floor in height.
  • the bottom 7 can also be arranged asymmetrically, so that the tubs are of different depths.
  • the edges of the wall, i.e. the free ends, are provided with flanges 9 and 10.
  • the flange 9 or the wall part adjoining it each carries an anode 4 and the flange 10 or the wall part adjoining it each carries a cathode 5.
  • the space formed by the anode 4 and the trough is the anode space 11 and that by the cathode 5 and the trough formed space the gas space 12.
  • struts 13 are arranged, which are perpendicular. protrude from the floor and connect the electrodes 4 and 5 to the floor 7 in an electrically conductive manner.
  • Partition walls 14 such as ion exchange membranes, diaphragms etc. and sealing elements 15 are arranged between the flanges 3, 3a, 9, 10 of the half-shells 1, 2 and the elements 6.
  • the sealing element consists of an alkali-resistant material, preferably PTFE.
  • the thickness of the sealing element 15 is such that a cavity 16, the cathode space, is created between the partition 14 and the cathode 5. It may be expedient to arrange a spacer 17 between the partition wall 14 and the cathode 5 in the cavity 16, which spacer sets a uniform distance between the cathode and the partition wall.
  • the spacer is made of an alkali-resistant material such as PTFE or nickel.
  • a cathode space depth of approximately 2 to 3 mm is preferred, particularly preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • the sealing element 15 can be provided with recesses 18 which connect the cavity 16 with devices 19 for feeding and removing the catholyte.
  • Anolyte is supplied or discharged via the lines 20 and gas (air, oxygen) for the oxygen consumable cathode via the lines 21.
  • the half-shells 1, 2 and the elements 6 are connected by means of screws 23 guided in bushings 22 made of electrically insulating material.
  • the power supplies are marked with plus and minus.
  • the partition 14 can rest on the anode 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
EP85106418A 1984-06-01 1985-05-24 Bipolarer Elektrolyseapparat mit Gasdiffusionskathode Expired EP0168600B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85106418T ATE36562T1 (de) 1984-06-01 1985-05-24 Bipolarer elektrolyseapparat mit gasdiffusionskathode.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843420483 DE3420483A1 (de) 1984-06-01 1984-06-01 Bipolarer elektrolyseapparat mit gasdiffusionskathode
DE3420483 1984-06-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0168600A2 EP0168600A2 (de) 1986-01-22
EP0168600A3 EP0168600A3 (en) 1986-03-19
EP0168600B1 true EP0168600B1 (de) 1988-08-17

Family

ID=6237403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85106418A Expired EP0168600B1 (de) 1984-06-01 1985-05-24 Bipolarer Elektrolyseapparat mit Gasdiffusionskathode

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US4584080A (no)
EP (1) EP0168600B1 (no)
JP (1) JPS60258489A (no)
AT (1) ATE36562T1 (no)
AU (1) AU566360B2 (no)
BR (1) BR8502618A (no)
CA (1) CA1258045A (no)
DE (2) DE3420483A1 (no)
ES (1) ES8607425A1 (no)
FI (1) FI79145C (no)
IN (1) IN164829B (no)
MX (1) MX159262A (no)
NO (1) NO163909C (no)
ZA (1) ZA854107B (no)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3501261A1 (de) * 1985-01-16 1986-07-17 Uhde Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund Elektrolyseapparat
US4732660A (en) * 1985-09-09 1988-03-22 The Dow Chemical Company Membrane electrolyzer
US4927509A (en) * 1986-06-04 1990-05-22 H-D Tech Inc. Bipolar electrolyzer
US5281311A (en) * 1992-07-01 1994-01-25 Sachem, Inc. Process for reducing the acid content of hydroxylamine salt solutions and for preparing hydroxylamines from hydroxylamine salts
US5653857A (en) * 1995-11-29 1997-08-05 Oxteh Systems, Inc. Filter press electrolyzer electrode assembly
DE19545332A1 (de) * 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Karl Lohrberg Elektrolytzelle
DE19641125A1 (de) * 1996-10-05 1998-04-16 Krupp Uhde Gmbh Elektrolyseapparat zur Herstellung von Halogengasen
DE10022592B4 (de) * 2000-05-09 2010-03-04 Peroxid-Chemie Gmbh & Co. Kg Bipolare Mehrzweckelektrolysezelle für hohe Strombelastungen
DE10108452C2 (de) * 2001-02-22 2003-02-20 Karl Lohrberg Elektrolyseeinrichtung
ITMI20010401A1 (it) 2001-02-28 2002-08-28 Nora Tecnologie Elettrochimich Nuovo assieme bipolare per elettrolizzatore a filtro-pressa
DE10143410A1 (de) * 2001-09-05 2003-03-27 Rossendorf Forschzent Biomaterial und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
ITMI20012287A1 (it) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-01 Uhdenora Technologies Srl Elemento bipolare per l'elettrolisi di acido cloridrico
ITMI20021203A1 (it) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-04 Uhdenora Technologies Srl Elemento di distribuzione per cella elettrochimica a percolamento di elettrolita
DE102006028168A1 (de) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-20 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur elektrochemischen Wasseraufbereitung
CN101451245B (zh) * 2007-12-07 2010-09-29 中国蓝星（集团）总公司 复极式自然循环离子膜电解单元槽
WO2017174563A1 (de) 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Covestro Deutschland Ag Bifunktionelle elektrode und elektrolysevorrichtung für die chlor-alkali-elektrolyse
KR20230156962A (ko) 2018-12-21 2023-11-15 맹그로브 워터 테크놀로지스 리미티드 Li 회수 공정 및 li 회수 공정을 위한 현장 화학적 생산
CN110219012A (zh) * 2019-06-03 2019-09-10 江阴市宏泽氯碱设备制造有限公司 离子膜电解槽
WO2022258394A1 (en) * 2021-06-07 2022-12-15 thyssenkrupp nucera AG & Co. KGaA Electrolysis cell and electrolyzer

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2914869A1 (de) * 1979-04-12 1980-10-30 Hoechst Ag Elektrolyseapparat

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT199664B (de) * 1956-04-28 1958-09-25 A Hering Ag Elektrolysezelle
NL128257C (no) * 1960-07-11
JPS5413473A (en) * 1977-02-17 1979-01-31 Kurorin Engineers Kk Double polar electrode
JPS5435173A (en) * 1977-08-24 1979-03-15 Kurorin Engineers Kk Double polar electrode and its manufacture
DE2962670D1 (en) * 1978-03-13 1982-06-24 Diamond Shamrock Corp Chloralkali electrolytic cell and method for operating same
DE2909640A1 (de) * 1979-03-12 1980-09-25 Hoechst Ag Elektrolyseapparat
US4217199A (en) * 1979-07-10 1980-08-12 Ppg Industries, Inc. Electrolytic cell
IT1163737B (it) * 1979-11-29 1987-04-08 Oronzio De Nora Impianti Elettrolizzatore bipolare comprendente mezzi per generare la ricircolazione interna dell'elettrolita e procedimento di elettrolisi
IT1140510B (it) * 1980-01-16 1986-10-01 Oronzio De Nora Impianti Elettrolizzatore bipolare e procedimento di elettrolisi di elettrolisi di alogenuri
JPS5743992A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-12 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Electrolyzing method for alkali chloride
GB2098238B (en) * 1981-05-07 1984-10-24 Electricity Council An electrochemical cell
US4402809A (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-09-06 Ppg Industries, Inc. Bipolar electrolyzer
US4488946A (en) * 1983-03-07 1984-12-18 The Dow Chemical Company Unitary central cell element for filter press electrolysis cell structure and use thereof in the electrolysis of sodium chloride
DE3332566A1 (de) * 1983-09-09 1985-03-28 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Gasdiffusionselektrode mit hydrophiler deckschicht und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2914869A1 (de) * 1979-04-12 1980-10-30 Hoechst Ag Elektrolyseapparat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4321185A (en) 1985-12-05
JPS60258489A (ja) 1985-12-20
FI79145C (fi) 1989-11-10
CA1258045A (en) 1989-08-01
AU566360B2 (en) 1987-10-15
NO163909B (no) 1990-04-30
EP0168600A2 (de) 1986-01-22
ATE36562T1 (de) 1988-09-15
ES8607425A1 (es) 1986-06-01
NO163909C (no) 1990-08-08
EP0168600A3 (en) 1986-03-19
IN164829B (no) 1989-06-10
ZA854107B (en) 1986-02-26
ES543698A0 (es) 1986-06-01
US4584080A (en) 1986-04-22
NO852207L (no) 1985-12-02
FI79145B (fi) 1989-07-31
FI852165A0 (fi) 1985-05-30
BR8502618A (pt) 1986-02-04
DE3564454D1 (en) 1988-09-22
DE3420483A1 (de) 1985-12-05
FI852165L (fi) 1985-12-02
MX159262A (es) 1989-05-09

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