EP0164388B1 - Touche avec caracteristique course-force non-lineaire - Google Patents

Touche avec caracteristique course-force non-lineaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0164388B1
EP0164388B1 EP19850900159 EP85900159A EP0164388B1 EP 0164388 B1 EP0164388 B1 EP 0164388B1 EP 19850900159 EP19850900159 EP 19850900159 EP 85900159 A EP85900159 A EP 85900159A EP 0164388 B1 EP0164388 B1 EP 0164388B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base element
key
force
stationary
key according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850900159
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0164388A1 (fr
Inventor
Miklós HOMOK
Péter Pál KÖVES
Endre Nagy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Szamitastechnikai Kutato Intezet Es Innovacios Koe
Original Assignee
SZAMITASTECH KOORD
Szamitastechnikai Kutato Intezet Es Innovacios Kozpont
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SZAMITASTECH KOORD, Szamitastechnikai Kutato Intezet Es Innovacios Kozpont filed Critical SZAMITASTECH KOORD
Priority to AT85900159T priority Critical patent/ATE34485T1/de
Publication of EP0164388A1 publication Critical patent/EP0164388A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0164388B1 publication Critical patent/EP0164388B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
    • H01H5/02—Energy stored by the attraction or repulsion of magnetic parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a push button with a non-linear displacement-force characteristic with an immovable part, in which an upper part which is movable by pressing the key is arranged on a limited path, a base part being separated from the upper part in the rest position within the walls of a recess of the immovable part is located, when the push button pushes the upper part along a movement path, with a sensor element that uses the relative movement of the base part relative to the immovable part to trigger the switching function, the immovable part and the base part being ferromagnetic parts, at least part of which is permanently magnetic, contained, whereby a magnetic circuit formed by the ferromagnetic parts generates a force by which the base part and the upper part are held in the starting position or returned to the starting position.
  • the various keyboards represent particularly important elements in terms of human-machine relations, and their ergonomically advantageous training must be carried out with great care, since the effectiveness of the work of the operating personnel can be influenced by them. These problems are particularly noticeable in the practice of computing.
  • the path-force characteristic which is advantageous in ergonomic terms, includes a section in which an unambiguous drop in the force is associated with an extension of the path, as a result of which the operator is made to feel the “snap action” of the pushbutton.
  • the section of the displacement-force characteristic characterized by a negative angle of inclination is generally realized by parts which are exposed to a large amount of wear or by using spring elements, the non-linearity of which is determined in each case by a corresponding construction.
  • One of the simplest of the universally usable, known pushbuttons is that of the type FUJITSU FEES-833.
  • This pushbutton an attachment part is formed on a movable part that is moved against a spring by pressing the pushbutton.
  • This attachment part strikes and moves an attachment which is formed on the stationary part and which adjoins it elastically and moves it.
  • the desired characteristic section results from the cancellation of the additional compressive force after passing through the elastic attachment.
  • a disadvantage of this push button is that the attachment parts are exposed to relatively heavy wear.
  • the push button used does not contain any parts that are subject to wear in the above sense, but uses the deflection of coil springs in such a way that a switch or sensor element is actuated by rotating a preferably mounted plate to a degree corresponding to the angle of the deflection.
  • the characteristic marked with a negative angle of inclination results from the difference in the forces required to compress the spring along its longitudinal axis and in the bent state. With the usual dimensional limits, this difference in force is relatively small. This solution cannot be used in constructions in which the path covered by the push button or the height of the push button is small.
  • a section of the displacement-force characteristic provided with a negative inclination angle is also realized with pushbuttons formed with membranes. These are used in less ergonomic and inexpensive devices such. B. used in calculators. In addition to the usual size limits - apart from the pushbuttons with rubber bell - the diaphragm springs only allow a short switching travel. The spring elements made of rubber and similar material, due to the internal friction resulting from the properties of the material, ensure only a realistically low actuation frequency and give the operator a less certain feeling of "tipping over".
  • This group of push buttons includes the push buttons disclosed in DE-B-1 118 315 and DE-B-1 665 733.
  • DE-B-2 514131 describes a push button which also has ferromagnetic parts.
  • the purpose of the ferromagnetic parts is not to generate a non-linear path-force characteristic, but rather to trigger a switching process.
  • the object is achieved by the invention to provide a pushbutton of the type mentioned at the outset which has relatively small dimensions with a simple structure.
  • the base part is designed as a freely movable part within the recess in several degrees of freedom, which can be tilted around the stop point of the upper part when the pushbutton is pressed, upper and lower stop surfaces limiting the tilting movement, and self-adjustment in the end positions condition, and that the ferromagnetic element of the base part is electrically conductive and at the same time forms the movable part of the sensor element detecting the movements.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that an ergonomically favorable path-force characteristic with a negative inclination angle in push buttons can be realized either only by magnetic force action or also by a combination of the spring force of the spring elements with linear characteristics and magnetic force action usually used for push buttons .
  • the magnetic force between two bodies with ferromagnetic properties depends on the resistance of the magnetic circuit. If paramagnetic sections are inserted into the magnetic circuit or their dimensions are enlarged, the measurable force can suddenly decrease.
  • the modern soft or hard magnetic materials are capable of exerting the forces usual with pushbuttons, and by means of these materials both electrically insulating (manufactured by powder metallurgical methods) and electrically conductive molded bodies can be produced in mass production.
  • the movement characteristic of the magnetic force can be influenced by the change in the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit used, depending on the movement.
  • the solution can be combined with the spring elements generally used in pushbuttons.
  • the keyboards which are provided with pushbuttons that generate an electrical output signal, are constructed in such a way that the individual pushbuttons are attached to a common carrier plate, preferably to a printed circuit board. To ensure sufficient strength, this must be provided with stiffening elements.
  • the push button designed according to the invention can be designed in a preferred embodiment so that the soft ferromagnetic element of the immovable part is designed as a common element of the entire keyboard and simultaneously serves as a support and stiffening element.
  • the push button according to the invention can preferably be used with switching and sensor elements, the function of which is based on the change in a magnetic field strength.
  • Such elements are e.g. B. the elements based on the Hall effect, reed relays or induction sensors etc.
  • the built-in serve from the start. Permanent magnet and the magnetic circuit formed in its vicinity have a dual purpose and can simultaneously actuate a magnetic switch and a sensor element.
  • the solution according to the invention can also preferably be used in pushbutton constructions which are provided with sensors which work on changing capacitance, the / n / ferromagnetic / n / insert / n / or parts of the movable part and / or the immovable part simultaneously consisting of electrically conductive material can form movable and / or fixed conductor of the capacitor.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a design scheme illustrating the operation of the various embodiments.
  • the push button according to the invention consists of an immovable part 4, a stop surface 5, which is formed in the immovable part 4, from below, and a movable part.
  • the movable part is provided with an upper part 2 which can be moved on a limited path and a base part 3 which is separate therefrom and which is freely movable in a space delimited by the wall of the recess formed in the immovable part 4.
  • a magnetic circuit is formed between the immovable part 4 and the base part 3 such that the immovable part 4 contains a ferromagnetic element, while the base part 3 is made of ferromagnetic material or also contains a ferromagnetic element, at least one of the ferromagnetic elements being a permanent magnet is formed, and the magnetic circuit provides the force required for returning the movable part and for holding it in the starting position.
  • the base part 3 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be moved out of its initial position by a stop with the push rod of the upper part 2 and can tilt about the stop point.
  • the base part 3 presses in its initial position against an upper stop surface 6 of the immovable part 4 and also holds the upper part 2 in a position corresponding to the initial position.
  • the pushbutton is pressed, the base part 3 remains as long as in its starting position the compressive force is smaller than the magnetic force belonging to the starting position.
  • the distance between the ferromagnetic elements increases and the magnetic force effect decreases very quickly, which gives the operator an ergonomically favorable feeling similar to tipping.
  • the striking base part 3 assumes a position in the end position which is determined by the lower stop surface 5. If the base part 3 is tilted in the intermediate positions, this is determined depending on the dimensions by the partial stop on the lower or upper stop surface 5, 6.
  • the magnetic force in the end position of the movable part moves the base part 3 and the top part 2 abutting against it in the direction of the starting position, the restoring force rapidly increasing when the distance is reduced.
  • the resulting displacement-force characteristic depends on whether the magnetic forces acting on the base part 3 generate a torque. If the impact surface of the upper part 2 on the base part 3 is designed such that the resultant from the magnetic forces acting on the base part 3 and the forces exerted on the base part 3 by means of the upper part 2 does not generate any torque, the base part moves 3 parallel to its basic position when the pushbutton is pressed, ie tip-free.
  • the ferromagnetic element of the immovable part 4 is a permanent magnet which is designed as a common component for a plurality of pushbuttons.
  • the displacement force is Characteristic determined by the spring element.
  • the spring force "shoots" the base part over into its other end position. The shift feeling is caused by the drop in spring force. The rapid movement of the base part, which takes place at a speed exceeding the speed of the top part, can be advantageous in the case of a large number of different switching and sensor elements.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)

Abstract

Touche avec caractéristique course-force non-linéaire, dotée d'une partie immobile (3), d'une partie (1) mobile relativement par rapport à la partie immobile (3) lorsque l'on appuie sur la touche, ainsi que d'éléments de commutation, respectivement de détection utilisant le déplacement relatif. La présente invention a pour but de former entre la partie immobile (3) et la partie mobile (1) un circuit magnétique déterminant au moins en partie la caractéristique course-force et dont les éléments ferromagnétiques sont couplés d'une part avec la partie immobile (3), d'autre part avec la partie mobile (1), au moins un élément ferromagnétique étant formé par un aimant permanent.

Claims (9)

1. Touche à caractéristique course-force non linéaire possédant les particularités suivantes:
- dans une partie immobile (4) est disposée une partie supérieure (2) mobile sur une course limitée par enfoncement de la touche;
- à l'intérieur des parois d'un évidement de la partie immobile (4), il est prévu une partie de base (3), séparée de la partie supérieure (2) dans la position de repos et contre laquelle vient buter, lors de l'actionnement de la touche, la partie supérieure (2) le long d'une voie de déplacement;
- un élément palpeur utilise le mouvement relatif de la partie de base (3) par rapport à la partie immobile (4) pour déclencher la fonction de commande;
- la partie immobile (4) et la partie de base (3) contiennent des parties ferromagnétiques dont au moins une partie est à magnétisme permanent;
- au moyen d'un circuit magnétique constitué par les parties ferromagnétiques est produite une force par laquelle la partie de base (3) et la partie supérieure (2) sont maintenues dans la position initiale ou bien sont ramenées dans la position initiale;

caractérisée par les autres particularités suivantes:
- la partie de base (3) est agencée comme une partie librement mobile avec plusieurs degrés de liberté à l'intérieur de l'évidement et qui, lors de l'actionnement de la touche, peut basculer autour de la zone de butée de la partie supérieure (2), des surfaces supérieure et inférieure de butée (5, 6) limitant le mouvement de basculement et assurant un réglage automatique dans les positions limites;
- l'élément ferromagnétique de la partie de base (3) est électriquement conducteur et constitue simultanément la partie mobile de l'organe capteur des mouvements.
2. Touche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, pour plusieurs touches, il est prévu un élément ferromagnétique commun associé à la partie immobile (4).
3. Touche selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la surface inférieure de butée (5), limitant le déplacement de la partie de base (3) et associée à la partie immobile (4), est réalisée sous la forme d'une partie commune à plusieurs touches et porte simultanément les garnitures immobiles des organes capteurs.
4. Touche selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la surface de butée de la partie supérieure (2) et de la partie de base (3) est agencée de telle sorte que la résultante des forces magnétiques agissant sur la partie de base (3) et des forces exercées par la partie supérieure (2) sur la partie de base (3) ne produise aucun couple sur la partie de base (3).
5. Touche selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la surface de butée de la partie supérieure (2) et de la partie de base (3) est agencée de telle sorte que les forces agissant sur la partie de base (3) et les forces exercées par la partie supérieure (2) sur la partie de base (3) par l'intermédiaire de la surface de butée produisent sur la partie de base (3) un couple déterminé et fassent tourner cette partie à partir de la position de repos lors de l'enfoncement de la touche, la rotation correspondante étant limitée par les surfaces de butée (5, 6), associées aux positions limites de la partie de base, de la partie immobile (4).
6. Touche selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'entre la partie supérieure (2) et la partie de base (3) est interposé un élément élastique s'opposant au déplacement de la partie supérieure (2), la voie de déplacement de la partie supérieure (2) étant ainsi limitée par la partie de base (3).
7. Touche selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu, entre la partie supérieure (2) et la partie de base (3), un élément élastique qui écarte la partie de base (3) de sa position de repos déjà avant l'application de la partie supérieure (2) contre la partie de base (3) et qui vient buter avec une force déterminée par l'élément élastique contre la surface inférieure de butée (5) et en ce que la partie supérieure (2) vient buter, dans la condition d'enfoncement complet de la touche, contre la partie immobile (4).
8. Touche selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que, comme organe capteur, il est prévu une capacité électrique variable, la surface de butée (5) qui obture par le bas l'évidement de la partie immobile (4), constituant/portant les garnitures immobiles des capacités tandis que la partie de base (3) constitue les garnitures mobiles des capacités.
9. Touche selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que, comme organe capteur, il est prévu des contacts électriques et en ce que la surface de butée (5) obturant par le bas l'évidement de la partie immobile (4), constitue/porte les surfaces immobiles de contact de l'organe capteur tandis que la partie de base (3) constitue le contact mobile.
EP19850900159 1983-11-30 1984-11-30 Touche avec caracteristique course-force non-lineaire Expired EP0164388B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85900159T ATE34485T1 (de) 1983-11-30 1984-11-30 Drucktaste mit nichtlinearer weg-kraft charakteristik.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU409983A HU194440B (en) 1983-11-30 1983-11-30 Push-button structure with non-linear characteristic curve of displacement-pressure
HU409983 1983-11-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0164388A1 EP0164388A1 (fr) 1985-12-18
EP0164388B1 true EP0164388B1 (fr) 1988-05-18

Family

ID=10966889

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850900159 Expired EP0164388B1 (fr) 1983-11-30 1984-11-30 Touche avec caracteristique course-force non-lineaire

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0164388B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3749885A (fr)
BG (1) BG46757A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3471399D1 (fr)
HU (1) HU194440B (fr)
RO (1) RO93602A (fr)
SU (1) SU1466666A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985002487A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019101961A1 (de) 2019-01-28 2020-07-30 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Tastenanordnung

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1118315B (de) * 1958-08-25 1961-11-30 Sondershausen Elektro Elektrischer Tastschalter
DE1119956B (de) * 1958-08-25 1961-12-21 Sondershausen Elektro Elektrischer Schalter, dessen Schalt- und Haftkraefte durch Dauermagnete erzeugt werden
BE623083A (fr) * 1961-09-30 1963-02-01
DE1665733B1 (de) * 1966-09-02 1970-07-09 Siemens Ag Tastenschalter,insbesondere fuer Fernmeldegeraete
DE1588052C3 (de) * 1967-05-18 1975-04-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Sprungschaltwerk, insbesondere Sprungmagnetschaltwerk für einen elektrischen Endschalter
US3680026A (en) * 1971-05-24 1972-07-25 Denki Onkyo Co Ltd Contactless switching apparatus
FR2189837A1 (fr) * 1972-06-19 1974-01-25 Ibm
US3911429A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-10-07 Ibm Self-energized magnetic keys
FR2392548A2 (fr) * 1977-05-25 1978-12-22 Serras Paulet Edouard Dispositif a bouton poussoir de commande de commutation d'un circuit electronique ou electrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU194440B (en) 1988-01-28
BG46757A3 (en) 1990-02-15
RO93602B (ro) 1988-03-05
DE3471399D1 (en) 1988-06-23
RO93602A (fr) 1988-03-30
SU1466666A3 (ru) 1989-03-15
AU3749885A (en) 1985-06-13
WO1985002487A1 (fr) 1985-06-06
EP0164388A1 (fr) 1985-12-18
HUT37290A (en) 1985-11-28

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