EP0154265B1 - Appareil pour le séchage par radiations infrarouges d'objets revêtus - Google Patents

Appareil pour le séchage par radiations infrarouges d'objets revêtus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0154265B1
EP0154265B1 EP85101940A EP85101940A EP0154265B1 EP 0154265 B1 EP0154265 B1 EP 0154265B1 EP 85101940 A EP85101940 A EP 85101940A EP 85101940 A EP85101940 A EP 85101940A EP 0154265 B1 EP0154265 B1 EP 0154265B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zone
workpieces
reflectors
housing
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85101940A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0154265A1 (fr
Inventor
Adolf Berkmann
Walter Veyhle
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT85101940T priority Critical patent/ATE34457T1/de
Publication of EP0154265A1 publication Critical patent/EP0154265A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0154265B1 publication Critical patent/EP0154265B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0209—Multistage baking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B05D3/0263—After-treatment with IR heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
    • B05D3/0413—Heating with air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for drying coated, in particular powder-coated workpieces by means of IR radiation, the workpieces being dried in a plurality of zones at a specific temperature and an air flow being provided in the zones, with a housing in which a distance is provided in several zones adjustable infrared radiators and reflectors are arranged from the housing walls, which enclose a radiation room, with inlet and outlet openings and a means of transport for transporting the workpieces through the housing and with a suction device, a quiet zone without infrared radiator being arranged between a preheating zone and a post-heating zone.
  • Such a device is known from DE-A-3 016437.
  • the side walls are at least partially formed by infrared radiators, which can also continue on the ceiling side and on the bottom side, unless reflectors are used here.
  • In the area of the floor there are fresh air inlets in the outer walls and an exhaust duct is provided on the ceiling.
  • an opening on the floor which is connected to the exhaust duct via a line, so that recirculated air can pass through openings in the floor.
  • There is also a suction fan on the ceiling which creates a corresponding pressure drop between the fresh air inlets or the openings and the exhaust duct.
  • reflector surfaces can be arranged between the emitters and the objects being guided past them, which are directed perpendicularly to the heat-emitting emitter elements of the emitters and at the same time perpendicular to the direction of passage through the device.
  • a continuous furnace for webs which is printed or coated with a powder made of plastic or with paste, which has infrared radiators arranged above the path of the webs for sintering the powder or paste and an air conveying device .
  • the air conveying device sucks in air from the interior of the furnace and blows out heated hot air for drying the paste via a blast nozzle having a blast nozzle through at least one heater, the infrared radiators also serving to heat the warm air.
  • the infrared emitters are assigned position-adjustable reflectors, the position adjustment of which is made in such a way that in the first positions they enable the web of material to be strongly illuminated by the infrared emitters and in the second position at least substantially prevent the web of material from being illuminated by the infrared emitters.
  • the emitters serve to sinter the powder or to dry the paste, in the other case, in particular, to produce warm air.
  • a fan is arranged at the outlet end of the continuous furnace, which draws air from the furnace into the room and conveys it into a compressed air duct arranged in the longitudinal direction of the furnace. Side ducts branch off from the main air duct, through which air jets directed perpendicular to the web of material can be blown out.
  • the interior of the furnace is divided into several longitudinal zones.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a device for drying in particular powder-coated workpieces - also of irregular shape and with undercuts - by IR radiation in such a way that a shorter drying time or with the same drying time compared to the prior art with the same energy input less energy is required, but workpieces with a complicated shape and undercuts can still be dried with high quality.
  • the air flow on the one hand cools the reflectors of the emitters, and on the other hand the workpieces are enclosed by partial air currents that almost envelop them, which are also diverted into the quiet zone without emitters, so that a directed flow that enables temperature compensation and thus prevents heat build-up can be achieved.
  • This flow also prevents dust particles of a powder coating that may be released from getting into the exterior.
  • the flow also serves to equalize the heat within the workpieces, in particular also those with a complicated shape and with undercuts, so that overheating at protruding points is thereby also avoided. As a result, the air circulation also helps to save energy.
  • a device for gelling powder-coated castings is explained as an exemplary embodiment.
  • the device has a known, tunnel-tube-shaped housing 1, which has an inlet or outlet opening 2, 3 on the end faces.
  • a transport means 4 is guided through the inlet and outlet openings 2, 3 and the housing 1, with which workpieces 5 coated with a lacquer can be transported through the device.
  • the interior of the housing 1 is longitudinally divided into three interconnected zones 6, 7, 8, a preheating, a resting and a post-heating zone.
  • the length of the zones is in principle arbitrary.
  • the preheating zone 6 can be longer, since the workpieces are heated to the working temperature here, or can be executed for the same length as the reheating zone 8.
  • a ratio of zones 6, 7, 8 to each other would be z.
  • Quiet and post-heating zones 7, 8 should be provided.
  • These can be arranged inside the housing (not shown) or can be arranged in separate housings 1 '(which can be coupled to the housing 1, if necessary) (indicated in FIG. 1).
  • These housings 1 ' can also be designed to be movable.
  • the working cross section which depends on the dimensions of the respective workpieces 5, is provided with enveloping reflectors 9, which extend parallel to the transport direction.
  • the reflectors 9 are arranged at least at a distance from the workpiece 5, but preferably also adjustable in angle, and form the walls of the actual irradiation rooms.
  • a plurality of reflectors 9 can be connected to form reflector walls 10, 10 'and jointly adjustable in distance.
  • the shape of the reflector envelope and thus the cross section of the irradiation rooms depends on the shape of the workpieces 5 and should adapt to their envelopes. Rectangular arrangements of the reflector walls 10, 10 'are possible. Because of the better adaptability to different workpieces 5 and with regard to the better diffuse beam distribution, arrangements in the form of a hexagon as in the exemplary embodiment, or a triangle, pentagon, etc. are preferable.
  • the lateral reflector walls 10 are arranged in parallel and the upper and lower reflector walls 10 'are movable around an axis 11. If necessary, the walls 10 can also be arranged in parallel and at the same time pivotably arranged, as a result of which arrangements in pyramid shape are possible.
  • the reflectors 9 are at a - preferably adjustable - side distance from each other, so that there are passage gaps between them, connected to the reflector walls 10, z. B. they are arranged on supports 12 displaceable and releasable, lockable and removable.
  • the side spacing and thus the passage gap between them can easily be increased or decreased and, if appropriate, further reflectors can be attached to or removed from the carriers 12 in order to be able to adapt the radiation spaces enveloped by the reflectors 9 to different dimensions of workpieces 5.
  • the active side of the reflectors 9 is directed towards the workpieces 5 and consists of a high-gloss layer, for. B. anodized aluminum and is preferably spatially structured, for. B. by pyramids with regular or irregular three, four, five, hexagonal, etc. base.
  • the reflectors 9 have the task of diffusely distributing the rays from IR emitters 13 in the irradiation area; they should under no circumstances focus them.
  • the infrared radiators 13 are arranged in the central axis of individual or all reflectors 9. Between the inner wall 14 of the housing 1, the side walls of the quiet zone 7 and the rear sides of the reflectors 9 there are 10 channels 15 of different volumes depending on the position of the reflector walls.
  • the walls of the channels 15 are aerodynamically shaped in order to ensure a uniform, preferably vortex-free laminar flow in the channels 15.
  • the right and left channels 15 are in upper area separated by the means of transport 4 surrounding partition walls 16. In the lower region, they open into a common pressure chamber 17, which is covered toward the channels 15 by plates 18 or grids having openings.
  • the channels 15 on the right and left sides can also be completely separated from one another in the lower region, the pressure chamber 17 being integrated.
  • the plates 18 or grids can also be dispensed with.
  • suction openings 19 of a fan 20 are made.
  • the pressure side of the fan 20 is connected to the pressure spaces 17 of the preheating zone 6 and the post-heating zone 8.
  • the channels 15 have, in the upper closed part between the partition 16 and the housing side wall, provided with throttles of exhaust air nozzles 21, which can be used to regulate the temperature of the atmosphere inside the device and, if appropriate, to extract vapors.
  • the arrangement of the reflectors 9 described protects the inner wall of the furnace behind it from direct radiation, and the flow conditions generated also cool it. Due to the flow conditions achieved inside, the reflectors are also protected against the deposition of cracked and cracked products.
  • the wall of the housing 1 of the quiet zone 7 and also in the inlet zone 22 located between the inlet opening 2 and the preheating zone 6 and in the outlet zone 23 located between the reheating zone 8 and the outlet opening 3 consists of a material which practically does not absorb infrared radiation.
  • This wall can, like the reflectors, consist of a high-gloss layer, e.g. B. anodized aluminum and also be spatially structured. This allows the billiard effect to direct vagabonding infrared rays back onto the workpiece and, in conjunction with the air flow in the housing, avoids any significant heating of the wall, which makes special insulation unnecessary.
  • the device according to the invention works as follows:
  • the distance between the reflectors 9 and: the reflector walls 10, 10 ' is set in accordance with the size of the workpiece 5 to be treated and the optimum effective distance of the IR radiators 13 used.
  • the number, the distribution and the type of the infrared radiators 13 are selected in accordance with the shape and nature of the workpiece 5 and the coating, as well as the amount of heat required, and the distance between the reflectors 9 from one another. If the same or similar items are always subjected to the treatment, this setting is only made once during commissioning. Medium-wave infrared emitters with a wavelength of ⁇ 2 to 3 have proven particularly useful.
  • IP radiators 13 provided - with reduced power - and the fan 20 are switched on. This sets the idle temperature required in the interior of the device.
  • the arrangement of the fan 20 described creates a negative pressure in the quiet zone 7 and also in the irradiation rooms of the preheating and post-heating zones 6, 8, while an excess pressure builds up in the channels 15. This forms a flow out of the channels 15, which flows around the reflectors 9 into the radiation chambers and around the workpieces 5 into the rest zone 7.
  • the reflectors 9 are cooled by this flow and portions of the convective heat are obtained for the treatment of the workpieces 5.
  • the flow movement is indicated by arrows in the figures.
  • the IR radiators 13, controlled by a pilot radiator are raised and achieve their normal output when the workpiece 5 enters the radiation chamber of the preheating zone 6. Due to the type and arrangement of the reflectors 9, the radiation from the IR emitters 13 is diffusely distributed in the irradiation space and thus also partially reflected by other reflectors 9 before they reach the workpiece 5. These reflections can also be used to achieve undercuts and depressions that would be in the shade in the case of a straight-line beam path. This and the above-mentioned flow around achieve a more uniform heating. The workpiece 5 then reaches the rest zone 7 without an IR radiator.
  • a device of the type described was equipped with medium-wave twin-tube IR quartz radiators with an eight-shaped cross-section and covered with a gold layer on the back, and with reflectors with a spatially structured reflector surface made of high-gloss anodized aluminum.
  • the side distance between the adjacent reflectors was 15 mm, that between the central axes of the IR emitters was 65 mm.
  • the area power of the emitters was between 30 and 36 kW / m 2 .
  • the idle power was 10% of the installed power.
  • Powder-coated cast workpieces e.g. made of gray cast iron
  • the workpieces remained in the preheating zone for 2 minutes, in the rest zone for 1 minute and in the post-heating zone for 1 to 1.5 minutes. After 2 minutes, melting of the powder was observed on the sides directly facing the emitters. At this moment the rest zone should be reached.
  • the temperature in the preheating zone and the post-heating zone was limited to 200 ° C.
  • air can also be discharged through the exhaust air connector 21, which requires a stronger suction of ambient air through the inlet or outlet openings 2, 3.
  • a low negative pressure of approx. 10 Pa was maintained in the radiation rooms and in the rest zone 7 and a low positive pressure of 500 Pa in the channels 15. Due to the flow achieved and the omission of the IR radiators, the temperature in the rest zone 7 was approximately 30 ° C lower.
  • the coated workpieces 5 had uniformly gelled high-quality coatings after exiting the device and cooling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Dispositif pour sécher des pièces à usiner (5) enduites d'un revêtement, notamment recouvertes d'une poudre, au moyen d'un rayonnement infrarouge, dans lequel les pièces à usiner sont séchées à une température déterminée dans plusieurs zones (6 - 8), ou est prévue une circulation d'air, le dispositif comportant une enceinte (1), dans laquelle se trouvent disposés, dans plusieurs zones, des émetteurs à infrarouge et des réflecteurs (9), dont la distance est réglable par rapport aux parois de l'enceinte et qui délirmitent un espace d'irradiation, des ouvertures d'admission et de sortie (2, 3) ainsi que des moyens de transport (4) servant à transporter les pièces à usiner à travers l'enceinte, et un système d'aspiration (20), une zone de repos (7) ne comportant aucun émetteur à infrarouge étant ménagée entre une zone de pré-chauffage (6) et une zone de post-chauffage (8), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'aspiration (20) est disposé dans la zone de repos (7) de telle sorte qu'il s'établisse une circulation d'air enveloppant les réflecteurs (9) et pénétrant dans les espaces d'irradiation et dans la zone de repos (7) autour des pièces à usiner (5), et en ce que les réflecteurs (9) possèdent une surface active à brillance élevée, structurée spatialement.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les espaces d'irradiation possèdent une section transversale apte à être modifiée, qui peut être adaptée à la forme des pièces à usiner (5).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractéerisé en ce qu'au moins les réflecteurs (9) disposés parallèlement aux parois latérales de l'enceinte (1), sont disposés de manière à être réglables angulairement par rapport à la paroi latérale voisine de l'enceinte.
4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des réflecteurs voisins (9) sont disposés de manière à délmiter entre eux un espace intercalaire latéral dont les dimensions peuvent être modifiées.
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe entre la paroi intérieure de l'enceinte et la face arrière des réflecteurs (9) un canal (15) auquel est reliée la tubulure de refoulement du dispositif d'aspiration (20).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les faces arrières des réflecteurs (9), qui délimitent le canal (15) et la paroi de l'enceinte, possèdent une configuration favorisant l'écoulement.
7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les parois intérieures de l'enceinte (1) possèdent une surface active à brillance élevée, structurée spatialement.
EP85101940A 1984-02-24 1985-02-22 Appareil pour le séchage par radiations infrarouges d'objets revêtus Expired EP0154265B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85101940T ATE34457T1 (de) 1984-02-24 1985-02-22 Vorrichtung zum trocknen von beschichteten werkstuecken durch infrarotstrahlung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3406789 1984-02-24
DE3406789A DE3406789C1 (de) 1984-02-24 1984-02-24 Verfahren zum Trocknen von insbesondere pulverbeschichteten Werkstuecken durch Infrarotstrahlung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0154265A1 EP0154265A1 (fr) 1985-09-11
EP0154265B1 true EP0154265B1 (fr) 1988-05-18

Family

ID=6228759

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85101940A Expired EP0154265B1 (fr) 1984-02-24 1985-02-22 Appareil pour le séchage par radiations infrarouges d'objets revêtus
EP85901406A Pending EP0174351A1 (fr) 1984-02-24 1985-02-22 Procede et installation de sechage par rayonnement infrarouge de pieces a usiner enduites

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85901406A Pending EP0174351A1 (fr) 1984-02-24 1985-02-22 Procede et installation de sechage par rayonnement infrarouge de pieces a usiner enduites

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4665626A (fr)
EP (2) EP0154265B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61501082A (fr)
AT (1) ATE34457T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1230273A (fr)
DE (2) DE3406789C1 (fr)
DK (1) DK161608C (fr)
ES (1) ES8607524A1 (fr)
IN (1) IN162813B (fr)
NO (1) NO161193C (fr)
WO (1) WO1985003766A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA851351B (fr)

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ES2326608B1 (es) * 2007-01-19 2010-07-08 Bulma Tecnologia, S.L. Procedimiento de proteccion frente a la oxidacion de productos de pizarra y piedra natural en la construccion.
US20110225840A1 (en) * 2007-10-23 2011-09-22 Roland Lofgren Method of drying a polymeric material
EP2463100B1 (fr) * 2010-12-03 2013-07-17 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG Machine de traitement de feuilles, notamment presse à feuilles
FR3016432B1 (fr) * 2014-01-16 2019-05-24 Sunkiss Matherm Radiation Ensemble de ventilation a recyclage d’air pour emetteur de rayonnements infrarouges avec controle de temperature
DE102018125310A1 (de) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-16 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Heizeinrichtung mit Infrarot-Strahlern
CN113874127B (zh) * 2019-04-19 2024-06-07 福泰克斯有限公司 用于罐内固化的系统及方法
CN110849125A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-02-28 苏州卡泰里环保能源有限公司 一种金属粉末烘干设备
CN118357094B (zh) * 2024-06-20 2024-09-06 兴化市飞亚轴瓦有限公司 一种止推片加工喷涂设备

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN162813B (fr) 1988-07-09
CA1230273A (fr) 1987-12-15
EP0174351A1 (fr) 1986-03-19
DK161608C (da) 1992-01-13
ES540666A0 (es) 1986-06-01
WO1985003766A1 (fr) 1985-08-29
NO161193B (no) 1989-04-03
DK486285D0 (da) 1985-10-23
EP0154265A1 (fr) 1985-09-11
DE3562824D1 (en) 1988-06-23
DK161608B (da) 1991-07-22
US4665626A (en) 1987-05-19
JPS6338219B2 (fr) 1988-07-28
JPS61501082A (ja) 1986-05-29
DK486285A (da) 1985-10-23
ES8607524A1 (es) 1986-06-01
NO161193C (no) 1989-07-12
DE3406789C1 (de) 1989-07-20
ATE34457T1 (de) 1988-06-15
ZA851351B (en) 1985-10-30
NO854240L (no) 1985-10-23

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