EP0149639B1 - Turmanlage für leichte militärfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Turmanlage für leichte militärfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149639B1
EP0149639B1 EP84902646A EP84902646A EP0149639B1 EP 0149639 B1 EP0149639 B1 EP 0149639B1 EP 84902646 A EP84902646 A EP 84902646A EP 84902646 A EP84902646 A EP 84902646A EP 0149639 B1 EP0149639 B1 EP 0149639B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
vehicle
stanchions
race
platform
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84902646A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0149639A1 (de
EP0149639A4 (de
Inventor
Steven L. Sanborn
Martin J. Neumeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AM General LLC
Original Assignee
AM General LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AM General LLC filed Critical AM General LLC
Publication of EP0149639A1 publication Critical patent/EP0149639A1/de
Publication of EP0149639A4 publication Critical patent/EP0149639A4/de
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Publication of EP0149639B1 publication Critical patent/EP0149639B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/34—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles on wheeled or endless-track vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/06—Mechanical systems
    • F41A27/18—Mechanical systems for gun turrets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to ordinances and, more particularly, to weapon mounting devices for a military vehicle.
  • the tanks include a turret having a protected personnel compartment which carries the gunner and is rotated with the turret. This approach keeps the gunner shielded but adds substantial weight and increased silhouette to the vehicle. Consequently, these heavier vehicles sacrifice mobility and transportability in order to protect the gunner and support the weapon. Additionally, many of the known tank configurations are characterized by crammed quarters which are uncomfortable and hard to quickly exit in emergency situations. Many tanks include hatches in the hull roof structure thereby requiring that the turret be indexed to a position that will allow the hull hatch to open to allow exiting by the crew.
  • Power drives are normally used for controlling the elevation and azimuth of the weapon.
  • the power drives are often located in the turretthereby requiring slip rings or the like to transfer power from a fixed external electrical or hydraulic source to the drive motors. These slip rings are subject to corrosion and general deterioration thereby posing a threat of drive failure. It would be advantageous to provide manual backup systems that can manouvere the weapon in the event of power failure. The inclusion of manual backup drives has been difficult to obtain in an efficient manner with some of the turret constructions used in the past.
  • US-A-2,206,065 already discloses a device of the kind described in the preamble of new claim 1 and which solves some of the problems mentioned above.
  • the vertical stanchions produce the connection between the generally stable vehicle frame and the weapon mounted in the upper regions of the vehicle.
  • the stanchions also allow, in a simple manner, for an adjustable arrangement of the weapon horizontally and in elevation as well as fortheaccomodation of the necessary adjusting drive means since the space underneath the weapon remains basically free.
  • the weapon support is fixed more or less rigidly to the frame so that the vehicle, in this case an airplane, experiences the full jolt impulse. Therefore, with this device on lightweight vehicles only a mounting of lightweight weapons is possible; the jolt from large weapons would damage the vehicles as pointed out in the application.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is constructionally extremely simple without losing the advantages given in US-A-2,206,065.
  • the invention makes a horizontally and vertically adjustable arrangement of the weapon possible and allows for the accomodation of the adjusting drive means necessary therefor; the recoil impulses can be equally absorbed in all azimuth directions.
  • the present invention incorporates several features that cooperate to provide an optimum lightweight vehicle construction capable of supporting relatively large weapon systems.
  • the preferred embodiment employs a weapon supporting structure of turrent construction having a disk rotatably mounted on a platform.
  • the platform is connected to the vehicle frame by way of the stanchions.
  • the stanchions are potted or filled with an elastomeric material to help isolate the vehicle from impulse forces generated by the weapon.
  • the crew sits in chassis/ hull mounted seats, one of the seats being reserved for a gunner. The crew is thus provided with comfortable quarters and is preferably provided with exterior side doors adjacent each seat for quick exit, if required.
  • Both powered and manual backup drives are provided for moving the weapon in elevation and azimuth.
  • the elevation drive includes a stationarily mounted lower portion having a manually actuable member accessible by the gunner from his seat.
  • the upper portion of the elevation drive is rotatably coupled to the lower portion so that the upper portion may rotate with the turret during azimuth positioning and yet still provide elevation control.
  • the crew members are located comfortably within the protected interior of the vehicle. Since the gunner does not ride in the turret, the turret construction is simplified, of minimal silhouette and comparatively lightweight. As will appear, the construction of the present invention enables various weapons and/ or weapon stations to be interchangeably used in an easy manner. All of these advantages and more are provided while employing a basic light- weightvehicle design that can be used in a variety of other configurations as desired.
  • the present invention employs a turret system 10 that may be used in connection with a lightweight vehicle 12.
  • Vehicle 12 is designed to meet requirements for a high mobility, multi-purpose wheeled vehicle.
  • a lightweight vehicle means a wheeled vehicle having a gross vehicle weight of less than 4,5 t (10,000 pounds) including payload.
  • These drawings illustrate the "Hummer” vehicle manufactured by the assignee of the present invention, although other lightweight vehicles can be employed.
  • Such lightweight vehicles are capable of being used in various configurations.
  • One configuration is as a weapon carrier.
  • the present invention is drawn to this configuration. More particularly, it is directed to a turret construction capable of supporting large weapons such as gun 14 which is a 25 millimeter M242 chain gun.
  • weapons will be defined for purposes of this invention as weapons characterized by impulse forces (recoil forcexduration) of at least about 222 N.s (50 pounds-seconds) during firing. Generally, weapons of this type are of the variety greater than .50 caliber. By way of illustration the M242 chain gun 14 exhibits an impulse force of about 267 N.s (60 pounds-seconds).
  • vehicle 12 The exterior of vehicle 12 is provided with armor for protecting the crew seated in the interior of the vehicle.
  • armor for protecting the crew seated in the interior of the vehicle.
  • a plurality of forward mounted, forward looking seats 16, 18 and 20 are provided in the interior of the vehicle 12.
  • Seat 16 is for the driver, seat 18 for the commander and seat 20 for the gunner.
  • Each member of the crew is provided with his own access door immediately adjacent to his respective seat. In this example there are four doors 22-28.
  • the crew's seating arrangement of this invention provides comfort and safety for the personnel.
  • the crew members are seated in normal passenger car fashion with 360 degree visibility through windows surrounding the crew seating area.
  • the gunner's seat is located outside of the turret 10 in a comfortable vehicle seat from which he can perform the gunner functions while seated and protected.
  • a platform 30 having a generally rectangular periphery extends horizontally above the crew near the top of the vehicle 12.
  • a plurality of vertically extending stanchions 32-38 are employed to support the platform 30.
  • Upper ends of stanchions 32, 38 are connected to lower portions of platform 30 and their lower ends are bolted to side rails 40 and 42 which are part of the vehicle frame.
  • each stanchion includes a rectangular extruded aluminum casing 44 and an inner hollow aluminum tube 46. The space between outer casing 44 and tube 46 is filled with an energy absorbing elastomeric material 48.
  • elastomeric material 48 is a polysulfide available from 3m Corporation as EC 801, which may be suitably mixed and poured within the space between casing 44 and tube 46 and allowed to cure. Suitable other energy absorbing materials such as sand may be used.
  • Gun 14 is located centrally to the stanchions 32-38 so that the horizontal component of the gun impulse force is distributed amongst the stanchions. As shown in Figure 6, the stanchions are designed to flex or deflect in response to the forces during firing of the gun and thereby isolate the vehicle frame from damage to a great extent.
  • the elastomeric material 48 in each stanchion serves to absorb energy created by the weapon and prevents much of it from being transferred directly to the vehicle frame.
  • the platform 30 is free to move in the horizontal direction independently of the roof 50. As best shown in Figure 8, there is a gap between roof 50 and platform 30.
  • Weather seal 52 includes a resilient lip portion 53 riding on roof 50 that provides a friction joint with the roof or vehicle superstructure. The lower portion of weather seal 52 is fixed to platform 30 by way of suitable fasteners such as fastener 55.
  • Gun 14 is mounted in a cradle 60 which is pivotable about a pair of trunnions 62. Ammunition is fed to the gun 14 by way of dual ammunition feeds 63 and 65.
  • the cradle 60 includes a rearwardly reasonably extending portion connected to vertically extending struts of a yoke 64 through bearings 67 and 69.
  • the lower portion of yoke 64 is pivotally connected to a shaft 66 by way of a ball and socket joint 68. Elevation of gun 14 is controlled by the vertical movement of shaft 66 likewise causing motion in the vertical direction of yoke 64 thereby pivoting the gun about its trunnions 62.
  • Power drive is provided via motor 70 controlling rotation of a pinion 72 in engagement with rack 74.
  • Azimuth control of the gun 14 is provided by way of a rotating disk 76 to which cradle 60 is connected by way of trunnion mounts 71 and 73.
  • disk 76 is located within an opening in roof 50 and is bolted to a ring gear 78 which is incorporated in the outer race of the turret bearing whose inner race 75 is bolted to platform 30.
  • Ring gear 78 includes radially extending teeth on its outer periphery. The teeth of gear 78 are meshed with a pinion 80 ( Figure 5) whose rotation is controlled by drive motor 82.
  • weather seal 52 bridges the gearing arrangement protecting it from adverse environmental conditions and also serving as a balistic shield.
  • Basket 77 includes a plurality of struts whose upper ends are connected to the lower portions of platform 30 and whose lower ends are connected to a bearing guide 79 surrounding shaft 66.
  • the gunner sits externally of the turret 10 in a comfortable and protected position within the vehicle.
  • the gunner is provided with a suitable joy stick-type controller 88 for activating elevation motor 70 and azimuth motor 82 to aim the gun.
  • a video camera 90 coaxially mounted to gun 14 is advantageously employed as a sighting device.
  • An auxiliary laser beam sight 91 may also be employed.
  • Camera 90 is connected to display 92 for viewing by the gunner.
  • Other crew members such as the commander may also be provided with their own display and controller 94 and 96, respectively, so that they can also operate the weapon system, if desired.
  • the turret system of the present invention also preferably includes manual backup drives to control the gun in the event of power failure.
  • a wheel 98 is connected by way of a clutching arrangement to drive pinion 72 in the event of power loss.
  • a wheel 100 suitably connected to pinion 80 via a belt or chain is employed for effecting azimuth movement of the gun.
  • Each weapon station would include a particular type of weapon mounted on its own disk in a manner like that described above.
  • Each weapon station can be easily removed from the vehicle by unbolting the disk 76, disconnecting yoke 64, and disconnecting the cables coupling camera 90 to the video displays and controllers 92, 96 to the weapon firing mechanisms (not shown).
  • the weapon station can then be lifted from the vehicle and a new weapon station with a similar mounting scheme reattached.
  • the video displays, gunner controls, manual and power drives all remain fixed and are common to all weapon variants.
  • This system is ideally suited, but not limited to weapons such as a 30 mm chain gun, Tow family of missiles, 40 mm grenade launcher, 12.7 mm caliber machine guns, 7.62 mm machine guns and other velocity guns including the illustrated 25 mm chain gun.
  • weapons such as a 30 mm chain gun, Tow family of missiles, 40 mm grenade launcher, 12.7 mm caliber machine guns, 7.62 mm machine guns and other velocity guns including the illustrated 25 mm chain gun.
  • the unmanned turret system of this invention extends the capability of lightweight conventional vehicles to support high impulse weapons. This allows the light vehicle to employ high impulse cannons designed to deliver ammunition at extended ranges.

Claims (14)

1. Einrichtung zum Montieren einer großen Waffe auf einem Leichtfahrzeug (12), umfassend mehrere vertikal ausgerichtete Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38), die an ihren oberen Enden über eine Waffenauflagestruktur starr miteinander und die mit ihren unteren Enden mit dem Fahrzeugrahmen (40, 42) verbunden sind, wobei die die Stützen verbindenden Mittel die Waffe tragen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vertikalen Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) so dimensioniert und ausgelegt sind, daß sie elastisch in alle horizontalen Richtungen in ausreichender Weise verbogen werden können, um die durch Abfeuern der Waffe (14) erzeugten Impulskräfte absorbieren zu können.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) mit einem energieabsorbierenden Material (48) gefüllt sind, welches geeignet ist, beim Abfeuern der Waffe (14) erzeugte Impulskräfte zu absorbieren.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede der Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) ein Außengehäuse (44) aus Metall und ein inneres hohles Rohr (46) umfaßt, wobei ein energieabsorbierendes elastomerisches Material den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Rohr (46) und den inneren Wänden des Gehäuses (44) ausfüllt.
4. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fahrzeugrahmen zwei Seitenschienen (40, 42) umfaßt, die parallel zur Längsachse des Fahrzeuges (12) ausgerichtet sind, wobei die Waffe (14) bezüglich der Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) etwa zentral angeordnet ist, so daß die durch diese erzeugten Impulskräfte gleichmäßig auf die Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) verteilt werden.
5. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auflagestruktur eine Plattform (30) umfaßt, die mit jeder der Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) verbunden ist und die relativ zum Fahrzeug (12) zumindest im Bereich der Biegeauslenkung der Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) beweglich ist, wobei die Waffe (14) auf dieser Plattform montiert ist.
6. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, für eine Waffe mit Höhen- und Azimuthverstellung, wobei die Auflagestruktur einen ersten, mit den Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) verbundenen Laufring (75), einen zweiten, auf dem ersten Laufring (75) um eine vertikale Achse drehbar gelagerten Laufring (78), Drehantriebsmittel für die Verdrehung des zweiten Laufrings (78), mit dem zweiten Laufring (78) verbundene Montageeinrichtungen zur Aufnahme der Waffe (14), die so ausgelegt sind, daß die Waffe (14) in Höhenrichtung um eine horizontale Schwenkachse schwenken kann, und Höhenantriebsmittel zur Steuerung der Höheneinstellung der Waffe (14), umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Laufring (75) mit einer Plattform (30) verbunden ist, die ihrerseits mit jeder der Stützen (32, 34, 36, 38) verbunden ist, und daß die Höhenantriebsmittel sich in vertikaler Richtung durch eine Öffnung in der Plattform (30) und aus zentralen, inneren Bereichen des Fahrzeuges (12) nach oben erstreckt, wobei die Antriebsmittel einen unteren, festen, stellantriebsseitigen Abschnitt umfassen, welcher drehbar mit einem oberen Abschnitt (66) verbunden ist und dieser obere Abschnitt (66) mit der Waffe gegenüber der Schwenkachse versetzt verbunden ist, so daß seine Vertikalbewegung die Höhenbewegung der Waffe steuert, wobei der obere Bereich (66) mit der Waffe (14) bei der Azimuthverstellung derselben verdreht werden kann.
7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhenantriebsmittel umfassen: einen oberen Bügel (64), der über eine Kugelgelenkverbindung (68) mit einem Schaft (66) verbunden ist, wobei obere Enden des Bügels mit der Waffe (14) verbunden und ein unterer . Abschnitt des Schaftes mit einer Getriebeeinrichtung (12, 14) zur Steuerung der Vertikalbewegung desselben in Eingriff ist.
8. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 7, wobei die Getriebeanordnung eine mit dem Schaft (66) verbundene Zahnstange (14) und ein durch einen Motor (10) angetriebenes Ritzel (12) umfaßt und der Motor durch die Steuereinrichtung für den Servoantrieb oder alternativ dazu über manuelle Steuereinrichtungen (98) aktivierbar ist.
9. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Montageeinrichtung (71, 73) für die Waffe (14) auf einer Scheibe (76) befestigt ist, die ihrerseits auf dem zweiten Laufring (78) montiert ist.
10. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibe (76) lösbar auf dem zweiten Laufring (78) montiert ist.
11. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehantriebsmittel am zweiten Laufring (78) angeordnete Zähne und ein drehbar auf der Plattform (30) gelagertes Ritzel (80) umfassen, welches in diese Zähne zum Zwecke des Verdrehens des zweiten Laufringes (78) und der Azimuthverstellung der Waffe (14) eingreift.
12. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ritzel (80) mit manuellen Antriebselementen (100) und/oder einem Antriebsmotor (82) gekuppelt ist, die jeweils auf der Plattform (30) angeordnet sind.
13. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibe (76) in einer Öffnung des Daches (50) des Fahrzeuges (12) angeordnet ist, wobei dieses Dach (50) von der Plattform (30) einen Abstand hat, und daß zwischen oberen Bereichen der Scheibe (76) und dem Dach (50) über die Zähne ragende Wetter-Dichtungsmittel (53) angeordnet sind.
14. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wetter-Dichtungsmittel einen das Dach (50) berührenden federnden Teil aufweisen, wobei die durch eine Relativbewegung zwischen der Plattform (30) und dem Dach (50) erzeugte Reibkraft dazu dient, einen Teil der beim Feuern der Waffe erzeugten Energie zu absorbieren und das Fahrzeugdach (50) von Impulskräften der Waffe zu isolieren.
EP84902646A 1983-06-22 1984-06-21 Turmanlage für leichte militärfahrzeuge Expired EP0149639B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US50680283A 1983-06-22 1983-06-22
US506802 1983-06-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0149639A1 EP0149639A1 (de) 1985-07-31
EP0149639A4 EP0149639A4 (de) 1986-03-18
EP0149639B1 true EP0149639B1 (de) 1988-10-05

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EP84902646A Expired EP0149639B1 (de) 1983-06-22 1984-06-21 Turmanlage für leichte militärfahrzeuge

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0149639B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60501621A (de)
BR (1) BR8406924A (de)
CA (1) CA1229252A (de)
DE (1) DE3474475D1 (de)
ES (2) ES8603070A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1176300B (de)
NO (1) NO850716L (de)
WO (1) WO1985000217A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1096218A2 (de) 1999-10-28 2001-05-02 Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co. KG Richtantrieb
DE102005061517A1 (de) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-05 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Trägerfahrzeug oder dergleichen für eine Lafette
DE102008038603A1 (de) 2008-08-21 2010-03-04 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Gegenschussanlage

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3925616A1 (de) * 1989-08-02 1991-02-07 Pietzsch Ibp Gmbh Versuchstraeger
DE10046480A1 (de) * 2000-09-20 2002-03-28 Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & C Gepanzertes Fahrzeug, insbesondere Kampffahrzeug
SG101963A1 (en) * 2001-03-14 2004-02-27 Ordnance Dev And Engineering C Mobile artillery system
ITTO20110239A1 (it) * 2011-03-18 2012-09-19 Oto Melara Spa Struttura di posizionamento per un'arma da fuoco su un veicolo

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US641897A (en) * 1898-10-20 1900-01-23 Frederick Richard Simms Motor-driven car for use in warfare.
FR819997A (fr) * 1936-04-25 1937-10-29 Aeroplani Caproni S A Dispositif pour la commande à distance des armes à bord d'un mobile aérien
US2206065A (en) * 1937-11-03 1940-07-02 Curtiss Wright Corp Flexible gun turret
BE432259A (de) * 1939-01-19
DE1012221B (de) * 1953-07-03 1957-07-11 Walter Ruf Panzerwagen
DE1193399B (de) * 1964-01-14 1965-05-20 Keller & Knappich Gmbh Drehkranzlafette fuer Schnellfeuerwaffen auf Panzerfahrzeugen
US3504122A (en) * 1965-03-16 1970-03-31 Harvey L Ratliff Jr Stereoscopic television systems with means to control the camera movement from a remote location
GB1138185A (en) * 1965-04-26 1968-12-27 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Improvements in and relating to gun turrets
DE2240569C2 (de) * 1972-08-18 1974-08-08 Honeywell Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Antriebsvorrichtung für zu stabilisierende Plattformen oder Geräte

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1096218A2 (de) 1999-10-28 2001-05-02 Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co. KG Richtantrieb
DE19951915A1 (de) * 1999-10-28 2001-05-10 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh Richtantrieb
US6715397B2 (en) 1999-10-28 2004-04-06 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Aiming drive
DE102005061517A1 (de) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-05 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Trägerfahrzeug oder dergleichen für eine Lafette
DE102005061517B4 (de) * 2005-12-22 2008-04-03 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Trägerfahrzeug oder dergleichen für eine Lafette
DE102008038603A1 (de) 2008-08-21 2010-03-04 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Gegenschussanlage
DE102008038603B4 (de) 2008-08-21 2013-08-08 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Gegenschussanlage
DE102008038603C5 (de) * 2008-08-21 2018-04-19 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Gegenschussanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8406924A (pt) 1985-06-04
IT8421578A0 (it) 1984-06-22
CA1229252A (en) 1987-11-17
WO1985000217A1 (en) 1985-01-17
ES8700751A1 (es) 1986-10-16
JPS60501621A (ja) 1985-09-26
IT1176300B (it) 1987-08-18
DE3474475D1 (en) 1988-11-10
ES533676A0 (es) 1985-12-01
EP0149639A1 (de) 1985-07-31
ES543670A0 (es) 1986-10-16
ES8603070A1 (es) 1985-12-01
NO850716L (no) 1985-02-22
EP0149639A4 (de) 1986-03-18

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