EP0147610B1 - Commutateur à guide d'ondes - Google Patents

Commutateur à guide d'ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0147610B1
EP0147610B1 EP84113955A EP84113955A EP0147610B1 EP 0147610 B1 EP0147610 B1 EP 0147610B1 EP 84113955 A EP84113955 A EP 84113955A EP 84113955 A EP84113955 A EP 84113955A EP 0147610 B1 EP0147610 B1 EP 0147610B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
hollow waveguide
intermediate position
waveguide switch
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84113955A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0147610A3 (en
EP0147610A2 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Ruff
Werner Dr. Ing. Auer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwell Collins Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Teldix GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teldix GmbH filed Critical Teldix GmbH
Publication of EP0147610A2 publication Critical patent/EP0147610A2/fr
Publication of EP0147610A3 publication Critical patent/EP0147610A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0147610B1 publication Critical patent/EP0147610B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
    • H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper
    • H01P1/122—Waveguide switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a waveguide switch with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a waveguide switch with four hollow conductor connections and a rotor, which has three waveguide connection paths, is known.
  • the switch enables a cross connection for two RF signals to be connected simultaneously when the rotor is in a first or middle position. There are also two positions that differ by 45 °, in which two adjacent connection points are connected to each other.
  • a stepper motor is provided for rotating the switch, which rotates the rotor into the switch positions. Locking elements, for example screws, are used to determine the position of the rotor.
  • the rotor of this angle actuator has a permanent magnetic north and a permanent magnetic south pole.
  • a housing carries pole elements with coils and pole pieces. By appropriate excitation of the coils, one of the pole pieces is always a north pole, while the other two pole pieces are changed in their polarity at the same time.
  • the rotor of this angle actuator therefore has two stable positions that are offset by 120 ° to each other. The rotor movement can be limited by mechanical stops 15 ° before the stable positions in order to limit the maximum angular movement to 90 °.
  • the angle actuator is coupled to a waveguide switch.
  • the waveguide switch creates a different microwave path in each of the two positions.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a waveguide switch in which the rotor is rotated with high accuracy and with a short switching time in at least three switching positions and fixed there by means of permanent-magnetic latching elements, electrical losses being avoided.
  • the invention ensures that the rotor does not swing into the specific rotor position or switching position and is locked after the end of the transient process, but is moved into the switching position by magnetic attraction after a pre-alignment by the motor and at the same time is fixed by the generated forces.
  • the rotor of the waveguide switch is driven by a motor, e.g. a stepper motor or a simple torque sensor, brought close to the target positions.
  • the adjustment of the rotor from here to the target position and the fixing of the rotor in the target position is carried out using permanent magnetic attraction forces.
  • permanent magnets or a permanent magnet and a magnetic yoke are arranged radially opposite one another on the rotor and stator and separated by the air gap. If the rotor is brought into a position in which there is mutual attraction between the magnetic parts of the rotor and the stator, then the magnetic forces bring about an exact alignment of the rotor in the desired position.
  • By arranging several magnets on the circumference several positions of the rotor can be fixed in this way.
  • a sensor that senses the rotor position. This can be achieved, for example, with reed contact switches which are switched by a permanent magnet arranged on the rotor.
  • reed contact switches which are switched by a permanent magnet arranged on the rotor.
  • Hall sensors optical sensors or microswitches is also conceivable.
  • a waveguide switch as shown in Fig. 1 has the task of connecting or disconnecting different waveguide paths and is required, for example, to switch reserve microwave devices in a system to replace a defective device if such a measure for reasons of Operational security is required. For safety reasons, there is a need to provide reserve devices that can be put into operation by means of waveguide switches, particularly in the case of spacecraft.
  • the waveguide switch consists of a housing 1 with four symmetrically arranged waveguide inputs AD.
  • a rotor 2 arranged in the housing is rotatably arranged in the housing and has three waveguide passages.
  • switch positions I-IV are required, with the inputs AC in position I, the inputs AB and CD in position 11, the inputs BD in position 111 and the inputs BC, AD in position IV.
  • the switch housing 1 Due to the cube-shaped design of the switch housing 1, several switches can be coupled in any way, so that any switch combination can be realized. It has been shown that in order to achieve low transmission losses high position accuracy of the rotor is required. Conventional stepper motors do not show the required accuracy due to the step angle hysteresis. A locking element is therefore used to lock the rotor in a switch position.
  • a waveguide switch is shown in a complete version.
  • the housing 1 there are the rotor 2, the rotor bearing 12, 13, the stepper motor 14 and the connecting pins 15 required for the power supply of the motor 14 and the coil 5 of the stator are distributed so that when a specific motor coil is actuated, the rotor is rotated into one of the switch positions assigned to it.
  • a pair of coils can also be provided and the motor magnet 17 arranged on the rotor can be designed with two poles with an axial direction of magnetization.
  • the motor magnet 17 consists of an axially directed permanent magnet.
  • the motor coils 16 are applied to a yoke carrier 18.
  • the yoke carrier 18 is mounted with fastening elements 19 on a housing cover 20, which in turn is arranged on the end face of the housing 1.
  • the rotor bearing 12, 13 is accomplished with deep groove ball bearings, which are pushed onto axle pieces of the rotor with the interposition of bearing sleeves 21, 22 and are preloaded via an adjusting nut 23.
  • FIG. 3 An exemplary embodiment of the detent is shown in FIG. 3.
  • a waveguide rotor arrangement with a magnetic detent is shown.
  • the rotor body 26 is fastened in a known manner by means of a bearing in the stator body 27.
  • the RF channels as well as the bearing and the motor for rotating the rotor body are not shown in this top view.
  • the rotor body carries a permanent magnet 28 which is surrounded by a yoke part 29.
  • a first inference element 30 and a further inference element 31 are arranged on the stator. In the position shown here, the yoke element 30 forms a closed magnetic circuit with the yoke part 29 which is only interrupted by the air gap between the rotor body 26 and the stator body 27.
  • a further yoke element 31 which is arranged at 45 ° to the first one, enables the rotor body 26 to be set to an intermediate position rotated at 45 ° to the starting position.
  • a motor (not shown) moves the rotor close to the target positions. From here, the locking elements take over the turning into the target positions and the fixing of the rotor in the target positions. The drive torque of the motor must overcome the pull-off torque of the permanent magnet 28.
  • the end stops 32, 33 are also constructed to be magnetically active and each have a permanent magnet 28 which exerts an attractive force on the rotor 26 as soon as it is in the vicinity of the permanent magnets 28 with one of the ferromagnetic yoke plates 34, 35.
  • the exact assignment of the rotor position to the stator 27 is given when one of the yoke plates 34 or 35 rests on one of the stop surfaces 36 or 37.
  • the rotor body 26 can thus be moved into four defined positions.
  • the number of switch positions is variable, as is the angle of rotation. In the example shown here, the positions 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and -45 ° can be fixed.
  • Fig. 4 shows the structure of a modular waveguide switch.
  • the switch part 101 consists of the housing 105, which is provided with the corresponding hollow conductor openings, the rotor 106 located therein and a front cover 107.
  • the rotor 106 has a pin-shaped shoulder 108, which effects the adaptation with the bearing unit 103.
  • the bearing unit 103 consists of a bearing housing 109, a bearing ring 110, axially clamped shoulder ball bearings 111, 112, a shaft 113 and a clamping ring 114.
  • the motor 102 consists of the stator part 116 with the coil carrier 117 and the coils 118.
  • the stator part 116 is fastened within a cup-shaped opening in the bearing housing 109.
  • the rotor part 119 of the motor 102 consists of a magnet carrier 120 and permanent magnetic segments 121.
  • the rotor part 119 is fastened directly on the shaft 113 of the bearing unit 113 by means of a screw connection 122.
  • the motor 102 and the bearing unit 103 are closed on the front side with a cover plate 123 and thus effectively protected against external influences.
  • the modular design of the waveguide switch makes it easy to replace the individual elements without losing accuracy.
  • the switch can be adapted to any application by selecting the individual elements.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Commutateur de guide d'onde comprenant un boîtier (1) sur la périphérie duquel sont prévus au moins trois raccords de guide d'onde (A, B, C, D) et un rotor (2, 26) logé dans le boîtier, qui peut être placé dans deux positions extrêmes définies par des butées et au moins une position intermédiaire, et qui comprend au moins un élément de guide d'onde pour établier la liaison entre au moins deux raccordements de guide d'onde dans chaque position du rotor, un moteur étant prévu pour l'entraînement du rotor et des organes de verrouillage pour immobiliser le rotor dans la position extrême ou intermédiaire considérée, caractérisé en ce que, dans au moins une position intermédiaire, agit un organe de verrouillage (3) correspondant à magnétisme permanent qui force le rotor à se placer dans la position intermédiaire sous l'action d'au moins un aimant permanent, en ce que, dans les positions extrêmes, agissent d'autres organes de verrouillage à magnétisme permanent qui comprenent des aimants permanents (28) qui appliquent le rotor (26) contre les butées (32, 33), en ce que le rotor du commutateur de guide d'onde peut être positionné, en réponse à une excitation du moteur, par cette région à action magnétique de l'organe de verrouillage correspondant (28, 33, 37; 3; 28, 32, 36) et en ce que le rotor (26) peut être placé dans la position extrême ou intermédiaire considérée et immobilisée dans cette position à l'aide de l'action à magnétisme permanent de l'organe de verrouillage (28, 33, 37; 3; 28, 32, 36).
2. Commutateur de guide d'onde selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque organe de verrouillage (3) d'une position intermédiaires est composé de deux aimants permanents à pôles opposés, qui se font face dans la position intermédiaire et qui sont montés sur le rotor (26) et sur le stator (27).
3. Commutateur de guide d'onde selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque organe de verrouillage (3) d'une position intermédiaire est composé d'un aimant permanent (28) monté sur le rotor (26) ou sur le stator (27) et d'une partie ferromagnétique (33) constituant un élément de fermeture du circuit, qui est montée en face de l'aimant permanent (28) dans la position intermédiaire.
4. Commutateur de guide d'onde selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les butées des positions extrêmes sont composées chacune de deux aimants permanents de pôles opposés disposés sur le rotor (26) ou sur le stator (27).
5. Commutateur de guide d'onde selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les butées des positions extrêmes sont composées chacune d'un aimant permanent (28) monté sur le rotor (26) ou sur le stator (27) et d'une partie ferromagnétique (34, 36) jouant le rôle d'élément de fermeture de circuit et montée sur le stator (27) ou le rotor (26).
6. Commutateur de guide d'onde selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les aimants permanents (28) sont munis de pièces polaires (29).
7. Commutateur de guide d'onde selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le montage sur palier du rotor s'effectue à l'aide de deux roulements à billes (111, 112) serrés l'un contre l'autre.
8. Commutateur de guide d'onde selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un capteur pour la reconnaissance de la position du rotor.
EP84113955A 1983-12-22 1984-11-17 Commutateur à guide d'ondes Expired - Lifetime EP0147610B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3346449 1983-12-22
DE3346449 1983-12-22
DE3416704 1984-05-05
DE3416704 1984-05-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0147610A2 EP0147610A2 (fr) 1985-07-10
EP0147610A3 EP0147610A3 (en) 1986-07-23
EP0147610B1 true EP0147610B1 (fr) 1991-01-16

Family

ID=25816670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84113955A Expired - Lifetime EP0147610B1 (fr) 1983-12-22 1984-11-17 Commutateur à guide d'ondes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4633201A (fr)
EP (1) EP0147610B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3483959D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3522993A1 (de) * 1985-06-27 1987-01-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Drehanker eines elektrischen stellmotors
DE3610228A1 (de) * 1986-03-26 1987-10-01 Teldix Gmbh Vorrichtung zum einstellen des rotors eines drehschalters
US4717898A (en) * 1986-06-26 1988-01-05 Mitec Electronics Ltd. Power combiner, polarizer and structure including a waveguide section rotated by a stepper motor arrangement
DE3706515A1 (de) * 1987-02-28 1988-09-08 Teldix Gmbh Anordnung zum einstellen eines rotors
WO1988005965A1 (fr) * 1987-01-28 1988-08-11 Teldix Gmbh Agencement de reglage d'un rotor
DE3731348A1 (de) * 1987-09-18 1989-03-30 Teldix Gmbh Bewegungsanordnung
DE3716850C2 (de) * 1987-05-20 1997-08-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Einstellen des Rotors eines Drehschalters
CA2014585C (fr) * 1990-04-12 1992-11-03 R. Glenn Thomson Commutateurs c, s et t actionnes par des aimants permanents
US5111097A (en) * 1990-11-30 1992-05-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Rotor pole crossover
SE9402308L (sv) * 1994-06-29 1995-12-30 Sivers Ima Ab Mikrovågsomkopplare
US5642086A (en) * 1995-08-28 1997-06-24 Nelson; Victor H. Magnetic switch for coaxial transmission lines
US5699030A (en) * 1996-04-04 1997-12-16 The Narda Microwave Corporation Magnetically activated RF switch indicator
US5815057A (en) * 1996-05-17 1998-09-29 K & L Microwave Incorporated Electronically controlled switching device
SE9700711D0 (sv) * 1997-02-27 1997-02-27 Sivers Ima Ab Mikrovågsomkopplare
DE102006023165B4 (de) * 2006-05-17 2008-02-14 Infineon Technologies Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines akustischen Spiegels aus alternierend angeordneten Schichten hoher und niedriger akustischer Impedanz
US20130015923A1 (en) * 2011-07-13 2013-01-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Automatic waveguide switch-based protection systems for receiver circuitry
CN104701058B (zh) * 2013-12-06 2017-01-11 北京北广科技股份有限公司 一种切换开关
US10122251B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2018-11-06 Com Dev Ltd. Sequential actuator with sculpted active torque
WO2019093948A1 (fr) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-16 Rahiminejad Sofia Commutateur de guide d'ondes sans contact et procédé de fabrication d'un commutateur de guide d'ondes
US11239535B2 (en) * 2018-11-19 2022-02-01 Optisys, LLC Waveguide switch rotor with improved isolation
WO2021237249A1 (fr) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-25 John Lafergola Commutateur de guides d'ondes
CN114142189B (zh) * 2021-10-29 2023-04-14 西安空间无线电技术研究所 一种顺序式波导开关及使用方法
CN114976531B (zh) * 2022-05-25 2023-09-26 中国航天时代电子有限公司 一种新型顺序切换波导开关

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DE39444C (de) * B LOEB JUN. in Berlin N., Fehrbellinerstr. 47 Gasspritze
US2780113A (en) * 1952-07-30 1957-02-05 Thompson Prod Inc Actuating mechanism for coaxial switch
US2905908A (en) * 1954-09-16 1959-09-22 Collins Radio Co Waveguide switch and electrical control means thereof
US2901708A (en) * 1955-04-08 1959-08-25 Meadows Lee Alvin High speed mechanical r-f waveguide switch
US2942208A (en) * 1955-07-13 1960-06-21 Bogart Mfg Corp Wave guide switch
US2917719A (en) * 1957-09-27 1959-12-15 Itt High speed waveguide switch
US3119974A (en) * 1960-12-01 1964-01-28 Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc Electric motor positioned rotary waveguide switch having absorber to increase attenuation
SE337051B (fr) * 1968-02-16 1971-07-26 Philips Svenska Ab
US4051702A (en) * 1975-07-28 1977-10-04 Bunker Ramo Corporation Magnetically operated switch lock and key therefor
SU675493A1 (ru) * 1977-03-22 1979-07-25 Предприятие П/Я Р-6028 Волноводный переключатель
SU723699A1 (ru) * 1977-04-04 1980-03-25 Предприятие П/Я Р-6856 Волноводный переключатель
US4242652A (en) * 1978-07-10 1980-12-30 Hughes Aircraft Company Four port waveguide switch
GB2029529B (en) * 1978-09-08 1982-06-16 Marconi Co Ltd Waveguide switch movement damping
US4370631A (en) * 1981-01-22 1983-01-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Waveguide switch
GB2120463B (en) * 1982-05-13 1985-12-11 Racal Mesl Microwave Improvements in and relating to rotary actuators
US4520331A (en) * 1983-12-27 1985-05-28 Transco Products, Inc. Rotary actuator for a microwave switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0147610A3 (en) 1986-07-23
US4633201A (en) 1986-12-30
DE3483959D1 (de) 1991-02-21
EP0147610A2 (fr) 1985-07-10

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