EP0147610B1 - Commutateur à guide d'ondes - Google Patents
Commutateur à guide d'ondes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0147610B1 EP0147610B1 EP84113955A EP84113955A EP0147610B1 EP 0147610 B1 EP0147610 B1 EP 0147610B1 EP 84113955 A EP84113955 A EP 84113955A EP 84113955 A EP84113955 A EP 84113955A EP 0147610 B1 EP0147610 B1 EP 0147610B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- hollow waveguide
- intermediate position
- waveguide switch
- stator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
- H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper
- H01P1/122—Waveguide switches
Definitions
- the invention relates to a waveguide switch with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
- a waveguide switch with four hollow conductor connections and a rotor, which has three waveguide connection paths, is known.
- the switch enables a cross connection for two RF signals to be connected simultaneously when the rotor is in a first or middle position. There are also two positions that differ by 45 °, in which two adjacent connection points are connected to each other.
- a stepper motor is provided for rotating the switch, which rotates the rotor into the switch positions. Locking elements, for example screws, are used to determine the position of the rotor.
- the rotor of this angle actuator has a permanent magnetic north and a permanent magnetic south pole.
- a housing carries pole elements with coils and pole pieces. By appropriate excitation of the coils, one of the pole pieces is always a north pole, while the other two pole pieces are changed in their polarity at the same time.
- the rotor of this angle actuator therefore has two stable positions that are offset by 120 ° to each other. The rotor movement can be limited by mechanical stops 15 ° before the stable positions in order to limit the maximum angular movement to 90 °.
- the angle actuator is coupled to a waveguide switch.
- the waveguide switch creates a different microwave path in each of the two positions.
- the object of the invention is to provide a waveguide switch in which the rotor is rotated with high accuracy and with a short switching time in at least three switching positions and fixed there by means of permanent-magnetic latching elements, electrical losses being avoided.
- the invention ensures that the rotor does not swing into the specific rotor position or switching position and is locked after the end of the transient process, but is moved into the switching position by magnetic attraction after a pre-alignment by the motor and at the same time is fixed by the generated forces.
- the rotor of the waveguide switch is driven by a motor, e.g. a stepper motor or a simple torque sensor, brought close to the target positions.
- the adjustment of the rotor from here to the target position and the fixing of the rotor in the target position is carried out using permanent magnetic attraction forces.
- permanent magnets or a permanent magnet and a magnetic yoke are arranged radially opposite one another on the rotor and stator and separated by the air gap. If the rotor is brought into a position in which there is mutual attraction between the magnetic parts of the rotor and the stator, then the magnetic forces bring about an exact alignment of the rotor in the desired position.
- By arranging several magnets on the circumference several positions of the rotor can be fixed in this way.
- a sensor that senses the rotor position. This can be achieved, for example, with reed contact switches which are switched by a permanent magnet arranged on the rotor.
- reed contact switches which are switched by a permanent magnet arranged on the rotor.
- Hall sensors optical sensors or microswitches is also conceivable.
- a waveguide switch as shown in Fig. 1 has the task of connecting or disconnecting different waveguide paths and is required, for example, to switch reserve microwave devices in a system to replace a defective device if such a measure for reasons of Operational security is required. For safety reasons, there is a need to provide reserve devices that can be put into operation by means of waveguide switches, particularly in the case of spacecraft.
- the waveguide switch consists of a housing 1 with four symmetrically arranged waveguide inputs AD.
- a rotor 2 arranged in the housing is rotatably arranged in the housing and has three waveguide passages.
- switch positions I-IV are required, with the inputs AC in position I, the inputs AB and CD in position 11, the inputs BD in position 111 and the inputs BC, AD in position IV.
- the switch housing 1 Due to the cube-shaped design of the switch housing 1, several switches can be coupled in any way, so that any switch combination can be realized. It has been shown that in order to achieve low transmission losses high position accuracy of the rotor is required. Conventional stepper motors do not show the required accuracy due to the step angle hysteresis. A locking element is therefore used to lock the rotor in a switch position.
- a waveguide switch is shown in a complete version.
- the housing 1 there are the rotor 2, the rotor bearing 12, 13, the stepper motor 14 and the connecting pins 15 required for the power supply of the motor 14 and the coil 5 of the stator are distributed so that when a specific motor coil is actuated, the rotor is rotated into one of the switch positions assigned to it.
- a pair of coils can also be provided and the motor magnet 17 arranged on the rotor can be designed with two poles with an axial direction of magnetization.
- the motor magnet 17 consists of an axially directed permanent magnet.
- the motor coils 16 are applied to a yoke carrier 18.
- the yoke carrier 18 is mounted with fastening elements 19 on a housing cover 20, which in turn is arranged on the end face of the housing 1.
- the rotor bearing 12, 13 is accomplished with deep groove ball bearings, which are pushed onto axle pieces of the rotor with the interposition of bearing sleeves 21, 22 and are preloaded via an adjusting nut 23.
- FIG. 3 An exemplary embodiment of the detent is shown in FIG. 3.
- a waveguide rotor arrangement with a magnetic detent is shown.
- the rotor body 26 is fastened in a known manner by means of a bearing in the stator body 27.
- the RF channels as well as the bearing and the motor for rotating the rotor body are not shown in this top view.
- the rotor body carries a permanent magnet 28 which is surrounded by a yoke part 29.
- a first inference element 30 and a further inference element 31 are arranged on the stator. In the position shown here, the yoke element 30 forms a closed magnetic circuit with the yoke part 29 which is only interrupted by the air gap between the rotor body 26 and the stator body 27.
- a further yoke element 31 which is arranged at 45 ° to the first one, enables the rotor body 26 to be set to an intermediate position rotated at 45 ° to the starting position.
- a motor (not shown) moves the rotor close to the target positions. From here, the locking elements take over the turning into the target positions and the fixing of the rotor in the target positions. The drive torque of the motor must overcome the pull-off torque of the permanent magnet 28.
- the end stops 32, 33 are also constructed to be magnetically active and each have a permanent magnet 28 which exerts an attractive force on the rotor 26 as soon as it is in the vicinity of the permanent magnets 28 with one of the ferromagnetic yoke plates 34, 35.
- the exact assignment of the rotor position to the stator 27 is given when one of the yoke plates 34 or 35 rests on one of the stop surfaces 36 or 37.
- the rotor body 26 can thus be moved into four defined positions.
- the number of switch positions is variable, as is the angle of rotation. In the example shown here, the positions 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and -45 ° can be fixed.
- Fig. 4 shows the structure of a modular waveguide switch.
- the switch part 101 consists of the housing 105, which is provided with the corresponding hollow conductor openings, the rotor 106 located therein and a front cover 107.
- the rotor 106 has a pin-shaped shoulder 108, which effects the adaptation with the bearing unit 103.
- the bearing unit 103 consists of a bearing housing 109, a bearing ring 110, axially clamped shoulder ball bearings 111, 112, a shaft 113 and a clamping ring 114.
- the motor 102 consists of the stator part 116 with the coil carrier 117 and the coils 118.
- the stator part 116 is fastened within a cup-shaped opening in the bearing housing 109.
- the rotor part 119 of the motor 102 consists of a magnet carrier 120 and permanent magnetic segments 121.
- the rotor part 119 is fastened directly on the shaft 113 of the bearing unit 113 by means of a screw connection 122.
- the motor 102 and the bearing unit 103 are closed on the front side with a cover plate 123 and thus effectively protected against external influences.
- the modular design of the waveguide switch makes it easy to replace the individual elements without losing accuracy.
- the switch can be adapted to any application by selecting the individual elements.
Landscapes
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3346449 | 1983-12-22 | ||
DE3346449 | 1983-12-22 | ||
DE3416704 | 1984-05-05 | ||
DE3416704 | 1984-05-05 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0147610A2 EP0147610A2 (fr) | 1985-07-10 |
EP0147610A3 EP0147610A3 (en) | 1986-07-23 |
EP0147610B1 true EP0147610B1 (fr) | 1991-01-16 |
Family
ID=25816670
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84113955A Expired - Lifetime EP0147610B1 (fr) | 1983-12-22 | 1984-11-17 | Commutateur à guide d'ondes |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4633201A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0147610B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3483959D1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3522993A1 (de) * | 1985-06-27 | 1987-01-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Drehanker eines elektrischen stellmotors |
DE3610228A1 (de) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-10-01 | Teldix Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum einstellen des rotors eines drehschalters |
US4717898A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1988-01-05 | Mitec Electronics Ltd. | Power combiner, polarizer and structure including a waveguide section rotated by a stepper motor arrangement |
WO1988005965A1 (fr) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-08-11 | Teldix Gmbh | Agencement de reglage d'un rotor |
DE3706515A1 (de) * | 1987-02-28 | 1988-09-08 | Teldix Gmbh | Anordnung zum einstellen eines rotors |
DE3731348A1 (de) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-03-30 | Teldix Gmbh | Bewegungsanordnung |
DE3716850C2 (de) * | 1987-05-20 | 1997-08-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zum Einstellen des Rotors eines Drehschalters |
CA2014585C (fr) * | 1990-04-12 | 1992-11-03 | R. Glenn Thomson | Commutateurs c, s et t actionnes par des aimants permanents |
US5111097A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-05-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Rotor pole crossover |
SE9402308L (sv) * | 1994-06-29 | 1995-12-30 | Sivers Ima Ab | Mikrovågsomkopplare |
US5642086A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-06-24 | Nelson; Victor H. | Magnetic switch for coaxial transmission lines |
US5699030A (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1997-12-16 | The Narda Microwave Corporation | Magnetically activated RF switch indicator |
US5815057A (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 1998-09-29 | K & L Microwave Incorporated | Electronically controlled switching device |
SE9700711D0 (sv) * | 1997-02-27 | 1997-02-27 | Sivers Ima Ab | Mikrovågsomkopplare |
DE102006023165B4 (de) * | 2006-05-17 | 2008-02-14 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines akustischen Spiegels aus alternierend angeordneten Schichten hoher und niedriger akustischer Impedanz |
US20130015923A1 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Automatic waveguide switch-based protection systems for receiver circuitry |
CN104701058B (zh) * | 2013-12-06 | 2017-01-11 | 北京北广科技股份有限公司 | 一种切换开关 |
US10122251B2 (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | Com Dev Ltd. | Sequential actuator with sculpted active torque |
EP3707540A4 (fr) * | 2017-11-07 | 2021-07-21 | Rahiminejad, Sofia | Commutateur de guide d'ondes sans contact et procédé de fabrication d'un commutateur de guide d'ondes |
US11239535B2 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2022-02-01 | Optisys, LLC | Waveguide switch rotor with improved isolation |
WO2021237249A1 (fr) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-11-25 | John Lafergola | Commutateur de guides d'ondes |
CN114142189B (zh) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-04-14 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | 一种顺序式波导开关及使用方法 |
CN114976531B (zh) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-09-26 | 中国航天时代电子有限公司 | 一种新型顺序切换波导开关 |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE39444C (de) * | B LOEB JUN. in Berlin N., Fehrbellinerstr. 47 | Gasspritze | ||
US2780113A (en) * | 1952-07-30 | 1957-02-05 | Thompson Prod Inc | Actuating mechanism for coaxial switch |
US2905908A (en) * | 1954-09-16 | 1959-09-22 | Collins Radio Co | Waveguide switch and electrical control means thereof |
US2901708A (en) * | 1955-04-08 | 1959-08-25 | Meadows Lee Alvin | High speed mechanical r-f waveguide switch |
US2942208A (en) * | 1955-07-13 | 1960-06-21 | Bogart Mfg Corp | Wave guide switch |
US2917719A (en) * | 1957-09-27 | 1959-12-15 | Itt | High speed waveguide switch |
US3119974A (en) * | 1960-12-01 | 1964-01-28 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Electric motor positioned rotary waveguide switch having absorber to increase attenuation |
SE337051B (fr) * | 1968-02-16 | 1971-07-26 | Philips Svenska Ab | |
US4051702A (en) * | 1975-07-28 | 1977-10-04 | Bunker Ramo Corporation | Magnetically operated switch lock and key therefor |
SU675493A1 (ru) * | 1977-03-22 | 1979-07-25 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6028 | Волноводный переключатель |
SU723699A1 (ru) * | 1977-04-04 | 1980-03-25 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6856 | Волноводный переключатель |
US4242652A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-12-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Four port waveguide switch |
GB2029529B (en) * | 1978-09-08 | 1982-06-16 | Marconi Co Ltd | Waveguide switch movement damping |
US4370631A (en) * | 1981-01-22 | 1983-01-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Waveguide switch |
GB2120463B (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1985-12-11 | Racal Mesl Microwave | Improvements in and relating to rotary actuators |
US4520331A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1985-05-28 | Transco Products, Inc. | Rotary actuator for a microwave switch |
-
1984
- 1984-11-17 EP EP84113955A patent/EP0147610B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-11-17 DE DE8484113955T patent/DE3483959D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-12-21 US US06/684,901 patent/US4633201A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0147610A3 (en) | 1986-07-23 |
EP0147610A2 (fr) | 1985-07-10 |
US4633201A (en) | 1986-12-30 |
DE3483959D1 (de) | 1991-02-21 |
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Legal Events
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