EP0146530A2 - Pièce d'artillerie - Google Patents

Pièce d'artillerie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0146530A2
EP0146530A2 EP84890233A EP84890233A EP0146530A2 EP 0146530 A2 EP0146530 A2 EP 0146530A2 EP 84890233 A EP84890233 A EP 84890233A EP 84890233 A EP84890233 A EP 84890233A EP 0146530 A2 EP0146530 A2 EP 0146530A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
breech
housing
closure
essentially
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84890233A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0146530A3 (en
EP0146530B1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Dr. Schabelreiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Noricum Maschinenbau und Handel GmbH
Original Assignee
Noricum Maschinenbau und Handel GmbH
Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Noricum Maschinenbau und Handel GmbH, Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG filed Critical Noricum Maschinenbau und Handel GmbH
Publication of EP0146530A2 publication Critical patent/EP0146530A2/fr
Publication of EP0146530A3 publication Critical patent/EP0146530A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0146530B1 publication Critical patent/EP0146530B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/10—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis with sliding breech-block, e.g. vertically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/74—Obturating or packing devices for gas leak prevention in breech mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gun with at least one weapon barrel with at least one breech which delimits a loading space on the side facing away from the muzzle or releases it for loading.
  • a large number of designs for breeches of essentially rear-loadable guns are known, examples being the large groups of wedge and screw breeches. All of these known closures are complex to manufacture and operate, usually require complicated actuating gears and, particularly in the case of larger calibres, can tend to wedge, pinch or the like. They are then usually only difficult to reactivate, so that combat strength and thus undesirable danger to the team are given.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a gun as mentioned above, the breech and breech actuation mechanism is easy to manufacture and operate, which has high functionality in its seat due to low surface pressure of the breech body and also in the event of any mechanical malfunctions Battle conditions can easily be made functional again, so that the failure rates can be kept extremely low. It has been found that the stated aim can be achieved by a gun with a breech and breech actuating device, which combines the advantages of the wedge breech with those of the screw breech and essentially avoids both disadvantages.
  • the invention thus relates to a gun of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that it has an essentially triangular, trapezoidal or the like, preferably having a loading space sealing body which can be arranged transversely to the weapon barrel axis and seen in the axial direction in this position
  • Co-operating breech housing having triangular, trapezoidal flanks or the like arranged with the flanks or the like arranged thereon by displacement transversely to the weapon barrel axis by means of a breech-body movement and locking device in one direction in a load-bearing position in a non-positive manner with the breech housing bringable and lockable in this, and by displacement, essentially in the opposite direction, can be released from the closed position
  • flanks of the closure body and housing which cooperate with each other, elongated projections and grooves which are in the closure body closed position with full force locking essentially in positive engagement with one another.
  • the construction is simple and easy to manufacture.
  • the form closure of the flanks of the closure body and housing is essentially a screw closure.
  • a trapezoidal closure body is moved in the direction of the longer of the trapezoidal flanks which are arranged essentially parallel to one another, then first a spatial loosening of the positive and non-positive connection of the closure body to the closure housing occurs, so that the cooperative engagement of the form-locking elements stops at all when the movement continues and the closure body is then freely pivotable, for example in a position parallel to the tube axis.
  • the loading space on the rear of the gun is then opened for the insertion of ammunition, projectiles and the like.
  • the closure body After loading, the closure body is again brought into a position substantially transversely to the tube axis, and by moving in the direction of the shorter of the parallel trapezoidal flanks, an intervention and subsequently a non-positive full engagement of the above-mentioned positive locking elements on the closure body and housing are achieved, so that a further shift prevented and absolutely secure fit of the closure body is given.
  • the gun is now ready to fire.
  • loading space sealing body which, e.g. about valve body-like design in the fire position in a type of valve opening of the closure housing, causes a cartridge-like sealing of the cargo space, so that an erosive leakage of propellant gas is completely eliminated.
  • the flanks can be longitudinal and / or concave or convex curved and. In any case, it is advantageous that the flanks should have a substantially increasing distance from one another in one direction. A symmetrical arrangement is preferred.
  • flanks of the breech body and breech housing have mutually cooperating projections and recesses that have a substantially constant cross-sectional area and shape and parallelepiped lateral surfaces.
  • mutually cooperating projections and recesses have a substantially right-angled triangular cross section
  • the catheters facing the weapon barrel of the cross-sectional areas of the projections of the breech body and the cathets facing them of the cross-sectional areas of the bores of the breech housing being oriented substantially normal to the barrel axis simple cross-sectional manufacture and one to accommodate when firing occurring high contact forces given particularly advantageous distribution of the contact surfaces, whereby a wedging or seizing effect is practically eliminated due to the arrangement of one of the cathets of the positive-locking cross-sectional areas normal to the pipe axis. Rounding at the edges of the form-locking elements is advantageous.
  • each of the flanks of the closure body and the closure housing has cross-sectional areas, of the same, preferably triangular, shape and dimension, and preferably in are essentially designed in the manner of a linear toothing.
  • cross-sectional areas of the same, preferably triangular, shape and dimension, and preferably in are essentially designed in the manner of a linear toothing.
  • particularly uniform distribution of the forces acting on the closure body and on the contact surfaces and absorption of these forces are ensured by the closure housing.
  • a simple degree of interchangeability of the closure body also ensures a high degree of usability.
  • the breech body or its surface facing the loading space itself can form the rear boundary of the loading space, but in order to eliminate erosion caused by the propellant gases, in particular with regard to weapon effectiveness-reducing erosion and the loading mechanism, that the breech body on its side facing the weapon barrel has a movably connected, preferably with a guide projection in a cooperating guide recess of the breech body, essentially displaceable in its directions of movement with a corresponding sealing surface of the loading space, preferably of the breech housing, gas and pressure-tight cooperating, before preferably has a frustoconical sealing surface. This ensures a gas- and pressure-tight fit and practically eliminates the dangers of gas erosion at the sealing point.
  • peripheral sealing surface of the sealing body is also arranged in a preferred manner on a peripheral circumferential projection of this body, there is increased sealing lip-like pressing of the peripheral sealing surface of the sealing body against the mating surface of the loading space during firing and thus a particularly reliable sealing effect.
  • the projectors of the generators of the axis form- or force-locking elements of the closure body and closure housing in one of Kumarrohr- and closure body Verschieblesslegien reared plane with one of the curve of the section of the inner wall of the L adrungmes with him limiting in closing position of the closure body surface of this body, or with of in self-contained sealing lines on the cooperating sealing surfaces of the sealing body and the closure housing, in particular a plane, an opening in the direction of the opening of the angle of the two flanks , enclose an acute angle. So the positive locking elements run obliquely along the flanks.
  • the plane (s) drawn up by cooperating sealing lines of the sealing surfaces of the breech body sealing body and breech housing in the breech body closed position is arranged substantially perpendicular to the weapon barrel axis (are) and the projectors of the generators of the form-fitting or force-locking elements of the breech body onto a plane drawn up by the weapon barrel axis and breech body movement directions with the aforementioned plane (s) having an angle ⁇ in the range of 1-30 °, preferably 2- Include 15 °, especially 2 - 10 °.
  • a construction of the closure actuation and locking device in which the closure body on one, preferably on the longer of its two flanks which have no form-locking elements and are essentially parallel to one another, or the corresponding triangular flank, preferably with the base of a there arranged recess on a peripheral guide surface of a, preferably designed with an eccentric, cam body actuating cam and preferably with an eccentric cam body, which is preferably rotatable about an axis that is essentially parallel to the course of said flanks, in a cam bearing housing connected to the cam housing, and always when this cam rotates is held in a non-positive locking position or can be moved and pivoted from such a position.
  • the device just described is characterized in comparison to actuators of known closures by pronounced simplicity, ease of use and high robustness, for example against shock, impact and contamination. If, as preferred, the bearing housing for the actuating cam is detachably connected to the lock housing, the bearing blocks can be loosened in the event of any jamming, so that loosening and thus full functionality is achieved again by striking the narrow parallel side of a trapezoidal lock body, for example, as a result of the evasive option that then exists will.
  • the body has a web part which is held in contact with the closure body, preferably releasably connected to a region of the guide surface which is diametrically opposite the contact region, malfunctions can be reduced as a result of full positive guidance.
  • At least one of the stubs projecting above the actuating cam, the camshaft used for its storage has a connecting element for a closure actuating member.
  • form closing elements such as groove, square, teeth can be arranged on one end of the actuating shaft carrying the cam.
  • High guidance accuracy in the release of the loading space and problem-free, jam-free return of the breech body into the high-force firing position can be achieved if at least one of the stub ends of the camshaft, which protrudes beyond the actuating cam, even when the breech body is actuated at substantially diametrically opposite locations at substantially parallel to the projection planes of the generators the form-fitting or force-locking elements of the breech body are held on a plane extending from the gun barrel axis and breech movement directions and parallel to one another, lateral boundary surfaces of a recess, preferably an extension, of the breech body.
  • the closure body has in its area close to the actuating cam or its shaft on at least one of the lateral trapezoidal flanks or the like running at an angle to one another, possibly formed as a roller, which, when the closure body is displaced from a non-positive Locked position and its pivoting to release the cargo space with a substantially inner cylindrical guide surface guide linkage of the cam bearing housing can be brought into engagement and at least on the said guide surface can be pivoted and moved, the mentioned manipulation properties can be improved even more and it is incorrect operation that excludes forced operation given.
  • the breech housing has receptacles for return on both sides of the weapon barrel cylinder.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show partially or fully sectioned views of a preferred embodiment of the invention from the side, from above and across the tube axis.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 how a weapon barrel 2 is screw-connected to a base piece forming a breech housing 3.
  • a closing body 5 Arranged in the housing 3 is a closing body 5, which closes the loading space 20 and is connected to it by a sealing body 4 and which, in the embodiment shown, has a substantially trapezoidal shape with a downward extension 55 transversely to the tube axis A.
  • the two trapezoidal side flanks 50 aligned with one another at the angle ⁇ shown in FIG. 1 have positive locking elements extending along them in the present case, see FIG.
  • the shaft ends 75 of the cam 7 are encompassed on both sides approximately in the manner of a fork by a further groove 555 running parallel to the camshaft axis in the extension 55 of the closure body 5, the side walls 552, 553 of this groove 555 when the closure body 5 is at a standstill or when the closure body 5 is stationary, always on two diametrically opposite one another Set the stub shaft 75 are slidably held against this.
  • the groove base 551 forms a stop for the movement of the closure body 5 itself.
  • the groove 555 is also arranged obliquely in relation to the closure body 5 or its mouth-side surface 501 at an acute angle f 1 .
  • a web part 57 is connected to the closure body 5 or its extension 55, which engages around the cam 7 and the camshaft 75, so that it is ensured that the cam 5 and the camshaft 75 on one of the contact points of the bottom 541 of the groove 545 of the closure body 5 on the cam guide surface 71 is essentially diametrically opposite point of the said web part 57 in contact.
  • the above-mentioned grooves 555, 545, web part 57, and cam 7 and the shaft parts 75 of the cam 7 encompassed by the extension 55 bring together an exact and jamming-free positive guidance of the closure body 5 when the cam 7 is rotated and thus a perfect closure actuation.
  • a pin 508 which projects beyond it is additionally arranged on at least one side of the two flanks 50 of the body 5 which converge, which, when the closure piece 5 is lowered when the cam rotates from the closed position, for example into the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 2, into a guide link 65 arranged on the bearing housing 6 on its inner cylindrical surface 655 next to the camshaft bearing 62, so that a support of the Pin 508 on surface 655 when swiveling and thus forced guidance takes place, which in particular facilitates the moving back of the closure body 5 after loading.
  • the projectors of the generators of the interlocking elements 51, 31, 52, 32 on the flanks 50, 30 of the closure body 5 and housing 3 conclude on a surface which is displaced by the displacement directions R1, R2 of the closure body 5 and the axis (A) is drawn up, with a plane drawn from a closed sealing line on the cooperating conical sealing surfaces 43, 33 onto a sealing lip-like peripheral projection 435 of a sealing body 4 movably connected with the closure body 5 in the closure housing 3, which is preferred is between 2 and 15 0 .
  • This oblique orientation has the advantage that when the shutter is opened when the cam 7 is rotated - in FIG.
  • the positive and non-positive toothing 51, 31 of the closure body 5 and housing 3 is designed such that, seen in cross section, the cathets 511 facing away from the mouth of the projections 51 of the closure body 5 and each of them corresponding and facing cathets 321 of the grooves 32 of the housing 3 extend substantially perpendicular to the tube axis A, which on the one hand force-neutral, practically second-vector-free absorption of the mechanical forces occurring during firing takes place through the housing 3 and on the other hand prevents the teeth from jamming.
  • a receptacle 35 for a return cylinder (not shown) is provided in the breech housing 3.
  • a second such receptacle arranged symmetrically with respect to the weapon barrel 2 is also not shown.
  • a firing device is not shown in the figures, but that practically every conventional, for example firing pin firing, firing cartridge and. Like. comes into question.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
EP19840890233 1983-12-13 1984-11-28 Pièce d'artillerie Expired - Lifetime EP0146530B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT432483A AT388243B (de) 1983-12-13 1983-12-13 Ladeverschluss fuer waffenrohre
AT4324/83 1983-12-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0146530A2 true EP0146530A2 (fr) 1985-06-26
EP0146530A3 EP0146530A3 (en) 1986-06-11
EP0146530B1 EP0146530B1 (fr) 1990-04-18

Family

ID=3562515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840890233 Expired - Lifetime EP0146530B1 (fr) 1983-12-13 1984-11-28 Pièce d'artillerie

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0146530B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT388243B (fr)
DE (1) DE3482002D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8602247A1 (fr)
GR (1) GR80615B (fr)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE41695C (de) * nordenfelt guns AND ammunition company limited in 53 Parliament Street, Westminster, London, England Neuerung an Geschützverschlüssen
DE28885C (de) * W. LORENZ in Karlsruhe, Baden Arretir-Vorrichtung zwischen Verschlufsschraube und Zündschlofs-Abzugbolzen bei Geschütz-Verschlufskeilen
DE24611C (de) * TH. NORDENFELT .in London Rohrverschlufs für Geschütze kleinen Kalibers
DE44673C (de) * W. H. DRIGGS, 2001-R.-Street, und S. SCHRÖDER, 723-20st Street, beide in Washington, District of Columbia, V. St. A Drebblockverschlufs mit Centraizündung für Geschütze
US617110A (en) * 1899-01-03 lynch
GB189823634A (en) * 1898-04-13 1899-04-29 Louis Labodie Driggs Improvements in Breech Loading Ordnance.
GB190126371A (en) * 1901-12-24 1902-11-13 Arthur Trevor Dawson Improvements in the Breech Mechanism of Ordnance
GB190508290A (en) * 1905-04-18 1906-01-18 Carl Holmstroem Improvements relating to the Breech Mechanism of Ordnance
DE197303C (fr) * 1907-04-04
GB191104583A (en) * 1910-03-16 1911-04-18 Arthur Trevor Dawson Improvements in and relating to the Firing Mechanism of Breech Loading Ordnance.
DE230108C (fr) * 1910-05-27
US3434381A (en) * 1968-04-23 1969-03-25 Us Army Multiring seal for obturating the breech of large caliber guns

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT388243B (de) 1989-05-26
ATA432483A (de) 1988-10-15
EP0146530A3 (en) 1986-06-11
EP0146530B1 (fr) 1990-04-18
GR80615B (en) 1985-02-27
ES538199A0 (es) 1985-11-01
ES8602247A1 (es) 1985-11-01
DE3482002D1 (de) 1990-05-23

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