Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
  • G21F9/02—Treating gases

Definitions

• the invention relates to an iodine preparation containing iodine in the form of elemental iodine and / or iodine compounds and a carrier material.
• iodine in the form of an iodine preparation.
• Such iodine preparations are used, for example, in medicine as depot preparations.
• radioactive iodine isotopes in the form of iodine preparations and to have such iodine preparations available.
• the degree of separation for iodine also drops considerably with increasing moisture content of the zeolites or the atmosphere surrounding them. A decrease in the degree of separation can also be observed over time due to chemical aging. Furthermore, the zeolites impregnated with silver nitrate are sensitive to reducing pollutants. In particular due to the required silver nitrate impregnation, this material is associated with high manufacturing costs.
• the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an iodine preparation which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned above, is inexpensive to manufacture, can contain large amounts of iodine and is not sensitive to moisture and pollutants.
• an iodine preparation of the type mentioned in the introduction that it can be obtained by adsorbing iodine, in particular radioactive iodine, in the form of elemental iodine and / or iodine compounds on a layered lattice composed of a polymer containing interlayer molecules or ions forming, inorganic compound, which is able to form intercalation complexes with the elemental iodine or the iodine compounds, existing carrier material.
• the iodine preparation according to the invention is characterized in particular by the advantages that it is non-flammable and not sensitive to moisture or to pollutants such as solvents or nitrogen oxides.
• the iodine preparation according to the invention is subject to No noticeable signs of aging for years.
• the production costs for the iodine preparation according to the invention are relatively low, since the carrier material used does not have to be impregnated, as is required, for example, in the case of the zeolites used hitherto.
• disposal is relatively simple by direct cementation.
• An advantageous iodine preparation is obtained in particular by using an intercalation complex of a layered silicate with inorganic and / or organic interlayer cations as the carrier material.
• Layered silicates suitable for this purpose which are able to form intercalation complexes, occur as natural clay minerals.
• an onium layered silicate as the intercalation complex.
• onium ions come from elements of V. and VI. Main group of the periodic table in question, such as ammonium, phosphonium, stibonium and the like.
• Intercalation complexes of onium montmorillonites are particularly suitable as intercalation complexes of layered onium silicates.
• an intercalation complex which, as interlayer cations, H.aq. + - and / or NR 4 + - ions, where R is a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or straight chain alkyl group having, for example, 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or straight chain hydroxyalkyl group having, for example, 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or straight-chain alkoxy group having, for example, 1 to 20 carbon atoms and where the radicals R can be identical or different.
• a particularly suitable group of substituents for the radicals R are polyalkylene glycol, in particular polyethylene glycol.
• the iodine can be present both in the form of elemental iodine and in the form of iodine compounds.
• iodine compounds can in particular be alkyl iodides, such as methyl or ethyl iodide.
• the iodine according to the invention also be prepared as a transport medium or as storage material, for example for radioactive iodine isotopes.
• the invention also relates to a method for adsorbing iodine, in particular radioactive iodine, in the form of elemental iodine and / or iodine compounds on a support material, which is characterized in that g as support material a polymeric interlayer molecules or ions containing a layer itter forming, inorganic connects dun g, can form with elemental iodine or iodine compounds the intercalation complexes, are used.
• An intercalation complex of a layered silicate with inorganic and / or organic interlayer cations is preferably used as the carrier material.
• an onium layer silicate most preferably an onium montmorillonite, as the intercalation complex.
• an intercalation complex which is Hdaq. and / or NR 4 + ions, where R is a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or straight chain alkyl group having for example 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or straight chain hydroxyalkyl group having for example 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted means branched or straight-chain alkoxy group having, for example, 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and wherein the radicals R can be identical or different from one another.
• a particularly suitable group of substituents for the radicals R are polyalkylene glycol, in particular polyethylene glycol.
• Elemental iodine was adsorbed on various onium montmorillonites.
• the montmorillonite used comes from the Schwaiba mine in Lower Bavaria and can be represented by the following formula: Calcium ions are found here as interlayer cations; x for the iron content is less than 0.30.
• the elemental iodine was adsorbed on the onium montmorillonites produced using cations (1) to (4) at a temperature of 100 ° C. in a water vapor-saturated atmosphere.
• results in the table above show that, with the aid of the support materials used according to the invention, considerable amounts of iodine can be adsorbed even in an atmosphere saturated with water vapor. This is of great advantage particularly in the field of nuclear technology, since moisture must be expected in the event of accidents.
• results also show that, as a rule, over 90% of the adsorbed iodine can be released again from the listed onium montmorillonites. The release takes place here consistently at temperatures above 200 ° C, which in turn can be advantageous in the field of nuclear technology if a release at elevated temperature (below 200 ° C) is to be avoided.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

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Citations (4)

• 1983
  • 1983-10-13 DE DE19833337335 patent/DE3337335C2/de not_active Expired
• 1984
  • 1984-09-28 EP EP84111645A patent/EP0141993A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

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