EP0139215A1 - Mould with movable parts for precast concrete units - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A manufacturing device for the fabrication of relatively large, plate-like finished concrete parts, more particularly finished slabs in the shape of so-called hollow concrete slabs, which have a plurality of cylindrical and parallel cavities, with the following features : a) mould elements (5), more particularly tubes, which are arranged accordingly, are provided for moulding and can be mechanically displaced substantially horizontally along guides, between an inserted position (11), located in the mould space (10) which is to be filled with concrete and designed both for the finished part or for a plurality of finished parts, and a withdrawn position (12), which is taken up after concreting and is located outside the mould space (10), b) the mould space (10) is limited or subdivided by a pallet (8), which is arranged so that it can be pushed in or pulled out and which forms the approximately horizontal mould base (9), and by side walls (3), which are approximately parallel to the direction of displacement of the mould elements (5) and are arranged to the side of the mould elements (5) at the longitudinal edges of the pallet (8), and also by transverse walls (transverse stop means) (7) and in some cases longitudinal stop means, c) the side walls (3) each have an upper (15), a middle (17) and a lower (19) wall portion, in which the middle wall portion (17) projects relative to the lower portion (17) and the upper portion (15) into the interior (10') of the mould space, being characterised by the following features : d) the upper wall portion (15) is slightly inclined upwardly towards the mould space (10) and is guided for displacement approximately at right angles to the pallet (8), e) the middle wall portion (17) is formed by a wall element (6) which can be displaced together with the mould elements (5) between the moulding position (13) or the inserted position (11) and the mould release position (14) or the withdrawn position (12), f) the lower wall portion is formed by a side wall extension (19) of the pallet (8), on which the wall element (6) is guided.

Description

The invention relates to a manufacturing device for the production of relatively large, plate-shaped prefabricated concrete parts, in particular for prefabricated ceilings in the form of so-called hollow concrete planks, with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Large plate-shaped prefabricated parts of the type in question are provided with columnar cavities running in the longitudinal direction in order to emulate the effect of a T-beam, i.e. The finished parts are subjected to tension in the lower chord area and to pressure in the upper chord area, while the webs remaining between the cavities serve to connect these two belt zones. The large-volume cavities are ensured during the molding process by inserting a corresponding number of parallel pipes into the mold space above the pallet forming the mold base, which engage in corresponding bores of transverse stops which are arranged transversely to the direction of displacement of these pipes and which limit or limit the mold space. subdivide if several finished parts corresponding to smaller and different sizes are to be produced in one operation on the same pallet. In this insertion state of the pipes, the molding space formed above the pallet in a manner to be described in more detail is poured and compacted with concrete, after which the pipes are pulled out of the molding space again. This is generally known and has basically been used for a long time with the finished parts in question here.

The production of such prefabricated parts - especially for the assembly of ceilings - is a special manufacturing problem because the individual prefabricated parts together to form a finished ceiling or wall at the construction site which must be connected in such a way that neighboring finished parts with different levels of stress do not move against each other and thus form cracks in the joints. Since the finished parts in their longitudinal direction generally overlap the ceiling longitudinal extent of a retaining wall to the other, this problem of power transfer between the _{'longitudinal} side walls of adjacent prefabricated parts, several of which are arranged next to one another and thus the ceiling form in the other extension direction.

According to a known concept, these force-transmitting side connections are achieved in that the adjacent side walls of the finished parts are formed with undercuts, which then form a cavity which is open in the form of a gap at the top and which is delimited by the undercuts. This cavity is filled with in-situ concrete. Due to this design, adjacent prefabricated panels can be supported in such a way to one another that thrust forces versetzun ^g sfrei to the respective neighbor finished part can be transmitted. According to another known embodiment, the side walls in question are conically narrowing upwards, so that these side walls enclose a wedge-shaped cavity between two adjacent prefabricated parts. In order to be able to ensure the force-transmitting connection here by filling with in-situ concrete, end areas of reinforcing bars of the precast elements must be inserted into this wedge-shaped cavity.

• Für den Fall, daß man hinterschnittene Seitenwandausbildun^gen vorsieht, die dann ohne aus der Seitenwandung herausgeführte Bewehrung mit Nachbar-Fertigteilen dadurch verbunden werden, daß der im Bereich der beiden Hinterschneidungen benachbarter Fertigteile entstehende Hohlraum mit Ortbeton verfüllt wird, verursacht das Entformen eines frisch hergestellten Fertigteiles dadurch Schwierigkeiten, daß man wegen der Hinterschneidungen keinen nach oben abziehbaren Formraumrand vorsehen kann. Man hat daher abklappbare Formwandungen im Bereich der fraglichen, hinterschnitten ausgebildeten Seitenwandungen der Fertigteile vorgesehen, die allerdings ein praktisch senkrechtes Abziehen einer solchen Formwandung von einer frisch geform ten Betonwand verlangt, wodurch Beschädigungen an dem Formling praktisch unvermeidlich sind. Man war daher gezwungen, jede einzelne Palette mit solchen abschwenkbaren Formseitenwänden zu versehen, da der Formling auf der Palette verbleibt, bis er derart erhärtet ist, daß er beschädigungsfrei von der Palet te gelöst werden kann. Dann lassen sich auch die Formseitenwände ohne Beschädigung des Fertigteils von diesem abziehen. Da für ein Betoniergerät jeweils eine Vielzahl von Paletten zur VerfUgung gestellt werden muß, um die Trocknungszeit der Fertigteile zu ermöglichen, verursacht diese teuere Ausbildung jeder einzelnen Palette hohe Kosten für die Herstellanlage und damit letztlich für die Fertigteile. Darüber hinaus gestaltet sich die Säuberung der Paletten nach Entfernen der erhärteten Fertigteile durch die angelenkten Seitenwandungen und deren Betätigung entsprechend zeitaufwendig.

The problems of both of these known solutions generally lie in the effort that must be taken to manufacture such finished parts. This effort can have its focus in the design of the overall device for the molding, but this focus can also be in the work to be done:

• In the event that undercut Seitenwandausbildun ^g s provides that are then connected without reinforcement from the side wall to neighboring prefabricated parts by filling the cavity created in the area of the two undercuts of adjacent prefabricated parts with in-situ concrete, the demolding of a freshly manufactured finished part causes difficulties in that one does not have any because of the undercuts can provide removable mold edge. Folding mold walls have therefore been provided in the area of the undercut side walls of the prefabricated parts in question, which, however, requires a practically vertical removal of such a mold wall from a freshly formed concrete wall, as a result of which damage to the molding is practically inevitable. It was therefore necessary to provide each individual pallet with such swiveling mold side walls, since the molding remains on the pallet until it has hardened in such a way that it can be detached from the pallet without damage. Then the mold side walls can be removed from the finished part without damaging it. Since a large number of pallets must be made available in each case for a concreting device in order to allow the drying time of the finished parts, this expensive training of each individual pallet causes high costs for the manufacturing plant and thus ultimately for the finished parts. In addition, the cleaning of the pallets is correspondingly time-consuming after removal of the hardened finished parts by the articulated side walls and their actuation.

If you choose the other solution in the design of the prefabricated parts with inclined side walls, you can arrange the mold side walls at an appropriate incline in the concreting unit itself and pull them upwards from the molding by vertical movement, even though this is not easy and because of the relatively large side wall area damage-free for the prefabricated part, these inclined side mold walls must in any case have openings for the reinforcement bars to be brought into the later have the wedge-shaped cavity to be formed in the adjacent part, through which openings, which must be free at the bottom in the form of slots, freshly poured concrete can emerge, which makes post-cleaning work possible. In addition, the protruding ends of the reinforcing bars must be bent upwards. Finally, this procedure requires that the reinforcement for the finished part is only applied to the pallet when it is already in the manufacturing device for concreting the mold. This inevitably increases the length of time that each pallet stays in the manufacturing device, which worsens the work cycle for manufacturing a finished part.

The invention has for its object to improve the manufacture of the plate-shaped finished parts in question in such a way that the manufacturing outlay is reduced both in terms of the design of the overall devices involved in the manufacture and in terms of processing time, so that the finished parts can be produced more easily and more cheaply.

Starting from a manufacturing device with the features of the preamble of claim 1, this object is achieved according to the invention by its characteristics.

According to the invention it is achieved to produce finished parts with undercut side walls without the side walls of the mold space having to be designed to be foldable on the pallets. Rather, these side walls of the molding space are assigned to the manufacturing device in a stationary manner and are held in a displaceable manner thereon. The wall parts of the wall body which form the majority of these molded side walls become, by pulling them off in the direction of displacement, the tubular molded body from the side walls of the freshly formed finished part without damaging it _. removed. The remaining, narrow upper edge strips grip only in a small area on the corresponding upper edge areas of the side walls of the freshly molded finished part, so that they can be released easily and also without damage, for example as part of the upward movement of a mold frame guided on the device frame. This makes it possible to shape the undercut side walls of the freshly molded finished part, the pallet carrying the molding is correspondingly simple, it consists of only a flat plate which can be provided with side wall approaches, on which the wall bodies can then move in a guided manner.

In a preferred embodiment, the wall bodies, like the shaped bodies, are designed as tubes and, furthermore, can preferably be actuated in synchronism by the same displacement mechanism.

Since the reinforcing bars do not have to penetrate any mold walls, the reinforcement for the finished part can be arranged on the pallet in a processing station upstream of the manufacturing device, as is also the case for crossbeams ^I and any longitudinal bobbins if there are several, correspondingly shorter ones on the same pallet and / or smaller finished parts are to be produced. At least the cross racks also serve to align and hold the reinforcing bars, for which purpose the cross racks are in particular formed in two parts. The lower lower parts of the cross racks are placed on the pallet surface or positioned there before the reinforcing bars are applied, they are designed in such a way that they simplify the insertion of the reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction of the respective production part and make them particularly precise. Then the upper parts of the cross racks are placed on the lower parts, which can happen before the pallet is inserted into the manufacturing device for concreting the finished part (s), but some or all of the upper parts of the transverse racks can only be placed within the manufacturer tion device are applied to the associated lower parts, at least in part also in a fixed arrangement on the form frame of the device.

Because the mold side parts and at least part of the racks remain within the mold frame of the device, the cured finished parts are removed from the mold. Pelettes are particularly simple and time-saving, especially when you consider that after curing, the preparation of the pallet, namely cleaning and oiling, can be carried out much more quickly than is the case with the known pallets with hinged side walls. In the embodiment according to the invention, two successive movement processes are required for the shaping of the freshly formed production part, namely the removal of the wall body and the subsequent lifting of the mold frame, but the first operation of pulling off the wall body is synchronous with the pulling out which is required anyway perform the shaped body, so that only the lifting of the mold frame is required as a working step over the required pull-out time of the shaped body. This extremely small additional time required for a pallet to remain within the manufacturing device is far exceeded in the known procedure by the time and effort involved in removing the cured molding from the pallet by folding down the mold side walls provided on the pallet edges and that subsequent cleaning of the hardened concrete, oiling and the like is required.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, in the event that the connection in the longitudinal side area between adjacent prefabricated concrete parts of the type in question is subjected to particularly high loads, it can be ensured that the precast concrete elements have reinforcing bars protruding into the space formed by their undercuts. For this purpose, the pallet is provided with slots in its edge areas in such a way that those extending transversely to the longitudinal direction Reinforcing bars can be inserted there. The slots are dimensioned such that the space remaining after inserting a reinforcing iron into the slot base is closed by the guide rail of the wall body which retracts when the mold is closed. Here, too, the advantage is retained that the reinforcement can be fully inserted on the pallet.

In a further preferred embodiment, a bushing is inserted into the correspondingly larger openings in the transverse racks for receiving the shaped bodies, and the sliding property can be adapted to the shaped bodies. Preferably, at least the bushings of at least one of the two transverse racks, which limit the shape in the longitudinal direction, are provided with lugs which are directed downwards towards the mold space floor and touch it as far as possible. The lugs are embedded in corresponding channels in the lower parts of the cross racks. In this way, it is achieved that the hollow bodies formed by the shaped bodies 5 are ventilated in the finished part or that water collecting there can flow off via the channels formed by the lugs.

Further embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims in connection with the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing, to which particular reference is made and the following description of which explains the invention in more detail.

• Fig. 1 eine stark schematisierte Draufsicht auf den Formraum mit Formrahmen, Formseitenwandungen und Formkörpern der Ausführungsbeispiele des Herstellungsgerätes mit nur bereichsweise angedeutetem Rahmengestell und Vertikalführung für den Formrahmen,nach einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• Fig. 2 einen vergrößerten Teilschnitt nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 eine Teilansicht zweier benachbarter Fertigteile mit einander zugewandter nach'dem Formseitenwandprofil gemäß Fig. 2 ausgeformter Seitenwandung;
• Fig. 4
• und 5 einen schematisierten Querschnitt durch den Formraum, gebildet aus der Palette als Formraumboden und den Wandungskörpern und Wandungsabschnitten als Seitenwandungen mit einer Breitseitenansicht eines Querabstellers in Verschieberichtung der Wandungs- bzw. Formkörper gesehen, einmal bei geschlossener Form und einmal in Explosionsansicht bei abgehobenem Formrahmen; nach der ersten Ausführungsform;
• Fig. 6 einen vergrößerten Teilausschnitt der Breitseitenansicht eines Querabstellers gem. Fig. 4;
• Fig. 7 eine Draufsicht auf die dem Oberteil zugewandte Fläche des Unterteiles im Bereich der Trennfuge zwischen beiden Teilen des Querabstellers gem. Fig. 5;
• Fig. 8
• bis 11 Schnitte durch den Querabsteller gemäß den Linien VIII-VIII, IX-IX, X-X und XI-XI in Fig.6.
• Fig. 12 einen vergröBterten Teilschnitt nach der Linie II - II in Figur 1 nach einer zweiten Ausführungs form;
• Fig. 13 eine Teilansicht zweier benachbarter Fertigteile mit einander zugewandter nach dem Formseitenwandprofil gem. Fig. 12 ausgeformter Seitenwandung;
• Fig. 14
• und 15 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch den Formraum, gebildet aus der Palette als Formraumboden und den Wandungskörpern und Wandungsabschnitten als Seitenwandungen mit einer Breitseitenansicht eines Querabstellers i'n Verschieberichtung der Wandungs- bzw. Formkörper gesehen, einmal bei geschlossener Form und einmal in Expolsionsansicht bei abgehobenem Formrahmen, nach der zweiten Ausführungsform;
• Fig. 16 einen vergrößerten Teilausschnitt der Breitseiten ansicht eines Querabstellers gem. Fig. 14;
• Fig. 17 eine Draufsicht auf die dem Oberteil zugewandte Fläche des Unterteiles im Bereich der Trennfuge zwischen beiden Teilen des Querabstellers gem. Fig. 15;
• Fig. 18 einen Schnitt durch den Querabsteller nach der Linie XVIII-XVIII in Fig. 16.

Show it:

• Figure 1 is a highly schematic plan view of the mold space with mold frame, mold side walls and moldings of the embodiments of the manufacturing device with only partially indicated frame and vertical guide for the mold frame, according to a first embodiment.
• Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial section along the line II-II in Fig. 1;
• 3 shows a partial view of two adjacent finished parts with a side wall formed according to the molded side wall profile according to FIG. 2;
• Fig. 4
• and FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross section through the mold space, formed from the pallet as the mold space floor and the wall bodies and wall sections as side walls with a broad side view of a transverse storage device seen in the direction of displacement of the wall or mold body, once with the mold closed and once in an exploded view with the mold frame lifted off; according to the first embodiment;
• Fig. 6 is an enlarged partial section of the broad side view of a cross switch acc. Fig. 4;
• Fig. 7 is a plan view of the upper part facing surface of the lower part in the region of the parting line between the two parts of the cross switch acc. Fig. 5;
• Fig. 8
• up to 11 sections through the crossover according to lines VIII-VIII, IX-IX, XX and XI-XI in Fig. 6.
• 12 shows an enlarged partial section along the line II-II in FIG. 1 according to a second embodiment;
• Fig. 13 is a partial view of two adjacent finished parts with each other according to the mold side wall profile. Fig. 12 molded side wall;
• Fig. 14
• and FIG. 15 shows a schematic cross section through the mold space, formed from the pallet as the mold space floor and the wall bodies and wall sections as side walls with a broad side view of a transverse switch seen in the direction of displacement of the wall or mold body, once with the mold closed and once in an exploded view with the mold frame lifted off , according to the second embodiment;
• Fig. 16 is an enlarged partial section of the broad sides view of a cross switch acc. Fig. 14;
• 17 is a plan view of the surface of the lower part facing the upper part in the region of the parting line between the two parts of the transverse switch. Fig. 15;
• 18 shows a section through the transverse stop along the line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 16.

The top view according to FIG. 1 shows only a hint of the device frame 1, on the vertical guides 2 protruding into the plane of the picture, the side parts, which are not shown in detail, are guided to a frame 3 'which form the side walls 3 of the mold frame when they are on the holder 4 together with the tubular shaped bodies 5 held wall body 6 are retracted into the mold, as is shown by the displacement position of the holder 4 and thus the shaped body 5 and the wall body 6 shown with solid lines. Transverse racks 7, of which several can be provided, run transversely to the direction of displacement of the holder 4 or the molded body 5 and the wall body 6, depending on how many longitudinal sections of prefabricated parts are to be produced in the mold space designated overall by 10. In the case of the production of only a correspondingly long Fer tigteiles in the mold space 10 only the arranged in the longitudinal end regions of the mold space transverse rack 7 are provided. In dashed lines, a pallet 8 is shown, which forms the mold bottom 9 of the mold space 10 when it is inserted into the device.

The holder 4 with the shaped bodies 5 and the two lateral wall bodies 6 is shown in dashed lines - in the direction of the double arrow shown in FIG. 1 - in the position in which the tubular bodies 5 and 6 are pulled out of the molding space 10. The bodies are in this position shown in dashed lines, for example, when a freshly formed molding is to be removed from the mold. The solid position of the parts 4, 5 and 6 is therefore referred to with regard to the molded body 5 as the insertion position and with respect to the wall body 6 as the molded layer, while the position shown in broken lines for the molded body 5 as the extended layer 12 and with regard to the wall body 6 as the mold release layer 14 are.

The sliding guide for the holder 4, to which the shaped bodies 5 and the wall bodies 6 are fastened, is not shown any further. It is firmly connected to the device frame 1.

The enlarged partial cross section according to FIG. 2 shows only one side region of the molding space 10 with the side wall 3, which results from a plurality of partial surfaces when the wall body 6 is shifted into the molding position 13 (FIG. 1), which faces the mold interior 10 '. The molding frame 3 'has a wall section 15 which delimits the upper edge region 24 of the molding space 10 and is slightly inclined to expand the molding space 10 towards the bottom. The wall section 15 runs out towards the bottom in an edge 16 which adjoins the outer surface of the wall body 6. This lateral surface has a wall part 17 that bulges out toward the interior 10 'of the mold space, which extends from the edge 16 to a guide rail 18 to which the wall body 6, which is designed as a tube, is firmly connected. This guide rail 18 comprises the freely projecting edge part of a side wall extension 19, which is formed on the pallet 8 or is fixedly arranged thereon. The same relationships are present in mirror image in the other side wall area, not shown.

Fig. 2 shows the situation with "closed" mold space 10, which means that a pallet 8 is inserted into the device supported by the device frame 1, whereupon the mold frame 3 'is lowered via the indicated vertical guide 2 until it reaches the position shown occupies. Then the wall body and the molded body 5 are inserted into the molding space, which is to be indicated by their cross hatching. So that the side wall 3 of the mold space 10 is closed, which b-indicates that between the outer surface of the wall body 6 and the edge 16 of the wall section 15 and between: he guide 18 and the side wall approach 19th such dense conditions prevail that the concrete now to be poured into the mold space 10 in the state shown cannot escape through these contact points. In order to keep the tubular wall body 6 in the direction of this sealing system over its length, supports 20 are provided which are held on the molding frame 3 '. These supports 20 are provided at regular intervals over the length of the tubular wall body 6 in its shaping position.

After concreting the molding space 10 and solidifying the concrete in such a way that the finished part thus obtained holds without support, the wall body 6 together with the molding 5 are first pulled out of the molding space. The forces exerted on the adjacent surfaces of the fresh prefabricated part are tangential in nature, so that no adhesive effects occur which could damage the surface of the corresponding concrete walls of the fresh prefabricated part. Then the mold frame 3 'is raised. All that is left to do is to loosen the narrow surface strip between the wall section 15 and the adjacent surface part of the fresh finished part. While the wall body 6 and the molded body 5 are pulled off with the fresh finished part supported by an end wall, in this case that of the last transverse stop in the pulling direction, this is not the case when the mold frame 3 'is lifted off with respect to the upper edge of the mold space 10. Therefore, the wall section 15 is slightly inclined and narrow, as seen in the vertical direction, so that the release process can be carried out without damage.

In the upper edge area of the molding space 15 knobs 42 are provided in the area of the wall sections, which are used to hold Qterabstellern 7. For this purpose, these are provided with groove sections 43 at a corresponding point, as is shown in FIG. 3 is indicated. The engagement between the knobs 42 and the groove sections 43 of the transverse racks 7 serves for their precise positioning in different positions in the molding space 10 depending on the length of the finished part to be manufactured.

Fig. 3 shows two pre-cast finished parts, which have the same shape as the cross racks 7 and have corresponding names. These parts are assigned to one another with their end faces. It can be seen that a cavity 25 is formed due to the wall parts 17, which is poured at the construction site with in-situ concrete.

4 and 5 show a view into the molding space along the direction of displacement of the molded bodies 5 and the wall members 6 onto the corresponding broad side of a transverse switch 7. The transverse switch is divided into a lower part 27 and an upper part 28 by a parting line 26 running in a horizontal plane, as can be seen in particular from the correspondingly exploded view according to FIG. 5. In the closed state of the mold, that is, when the upper part 28 rests on the lower part 27, the two parts of the transverse stop 7 form openings 29 into which the molded bodies 5 can be inserted. Fig. 4 shows that the knobs 42 engage in groove sections 43, which are introduced in the upper side edge region of the transverse switch 7 or its upper part 28. The contour of the end faces 41 of the transverse switch 7 corresponds to the contour of the side wall 3, so that the transverse switch 7 forms an end to the molding space 10.

The lower part 27 of the transverse rack 7 is kept so low that it does not exceed the height of the side wall extensions 19. The height of the lower part 27 is preferably more than 4 cm, so that the pallet is also suitable for the shaping of ceiling panels, which are filled up with in-situ concrete as lost formwork at the construction site.

As can be seen in more detail from FIGS. 6 to 11, the lower part 27 and the upper part 28 of the transverse stop 7 provided with some formations, which are explained below. As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the openings 29 for receiving the molded bodies 5 are formed to a small section 30 in the lower part 27 and to a large section 31 in the upper part 28. The upper part 28 of the transverse storage device 27 is provided between the openings 29 or the large sections 31 to form these openings with vertically directed groove-shaped recesses 39, into which longitudinal storage devices can be inserted in any arrangement in a manner not shown, in order to provide the molding space 10 for the Manufacture according to different sized finished parts to be able to vary accordingly. For this reason, a plurality of transverse racks 7 are to be arranged accordingly in a variable manner.

Grooved recesses 34 are provided in the upper edge region 32 or in the upward-facing surface of the lower part 27 of the transverse rack 7, which serve to insert reinforcing bars, as will be explained in more detail in connection with FIG. 7.

The enlarged view of the transverse storage device 7 in FIG. 6 reveals the details described above. The wide surfaces 36 of the lower part 27 and 38 of the upper part 29, which appear in the direction of view according to FIGS. 4 to 6, are so named for both broad sides of the elongated transverse storage device 7. While the broad sides 36 of the lower part 27 lie in vertical planes in the position of use of the lower part, the broad surfaces 38 of the upper part are inclined, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 8, in such a way that the cross-sectional area of the upper part 28 can be seen from the mold space floor 2 extended upwards. The groove-shaped recesses 39 are introduced into the body of the upper part 28 from the broad sides 38, in such a way that the bottom of the groove runs in the vertical direction, in such a way that it is aligned with the broad sides 3: of the lower part 27. On the broad sides 38 downwardly projecting guide lugs are formed serve to ensure the correct assignment when lowering the upper part 28 onto the lower part 27. For this purpose, the guide lugs 40 protrude from the edge region 32 of the lower part 27 in the attached state and partially overlap their broad sides 36, as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 8 to 11.

FIG. 7 shows a top view of the surface of the lower part 27 which is directed upward in the state of use and which is defined laterally by the surface sections 32. Recesses 30 in the form of circular sections are machined into this surface, which contribute to the formation of the openings 29, the large sections 31 of which are correspondingly formed in the upper part 28.

In the area between the sections 30, groove-shaped recesses in the form of sack grooves 34 are provided, which are opened alternately to the one broad side and to the other broad side 36 of the lower part 27 through openings 35. When the upper part is removed, reinforcement bars can be inserted into the sack grooves in a simple manner such that they only protrude from the mouth 35 only over one broad side 36, while they cannot reach the other broad side 36 of the lower part 27 due to the formation of the sack grooves at the other end. Correspondingly staggered sack grooves 34 are used for reinforcing bars, which are to protrude into the mold space via the other broad side 36 and are open towards the other broad side 36 via openings 35. In the overlap area between the sack grooves 34, which are open to different sides and offset, the space between the grooves in the overlap area is cleared, so that sici results in a hollow 37. This has the advantage that the ends of the reinforcing bars, which are not always straight or cleanly cut, are easier to insert. With regard to the arrangement of the pocket grooves 34 and the hollow 37, express reference is made to FIG. 7 in connection with FIG. 6.

8 to 11 show sections along the lines VIII-VIII, IX-IX, X-X and XI-XI, as indicated in Fig. 6. These sectional representations do not require any further explanation; they merely serve to illustrate the relationships already described.

The details dealt with so far with reference to FIGS. 2 to 11 relate to a first exemplary embodiment of the production device or of a molding produced therewith. A second exemplary embodiment is dealt with on the basis of FIGS. 12 to 18, which differs from the first exemplary embodiment only in details to which the following description of this second exemplary embodiment is limited. Moreover, the _e j is the description - weils corresponding Figures 1 to 8 refer.

The partial cross-section corresponding to FIG. 2 according to FIG. 12 of the second embodiment shows the one of the two side walls 19, in which, in this embodiment, slots 51, one of which is shown, are introduced from above against the mold space floor 9 of the pallet 8. A large number of such slots are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction, that is to say when looking into the plane of the drawing. The slot base extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the mold or transversely to the direction of displacement of the wall body 6 and approximately parallel to the mold space floor 9. As indicated in the drawing, reinforcing bars 54 can be inserted into the slots 51. This happens either outside the manufacturing device on the pallet or after placing it in the device before closing the mold. If the mold is closed, ie if the molded body 5 and the wall body 6 are moved into the mold, the side walls of the guide rails 18 close the areas of the slots 51 that remain free above the reinforcing bars 54, so that practically no Au when filling the concrete; it emerges from the molding space 10 'through the slots 51 follows. This procedure has the advantage that - as can be seen in FIG. 13 - the freely projecting ends of the transverse movement 54 of the space 25 to be filled with in-situ concrete, which arises between the facing side walls 52 or their undercuts 53 between two adjacent prefabricated parts protrude both finished parts and thus contribute to an intimate connection between the two finished parts.

In the context of this second embodiment, projections 44 are formed on the pallet in the region of the transition between the mold space floor 9 and the side wall extensions 19 of the pallet 8 into the mold space 10 ′, which with the cams are arranged vertically within the mold in a correspondingly exact arrangement 42 correspond. The knobs 42 engage in corresponding groove sections 43 of the upper parts 28 of transverse stops 7, as has already been described in connection with the first exemplary embodiment. In a corresponding manner, the lugs 44 additionally provided in the context of the second embodiment engage in recesses 45 which are formed in the lower parts 27 of the transverse racks 7. Here too, a corresponding grid dimension is provided as for the knobs 42. In this way, each transverse rack is positioned at the selected location with respect to both its upper part and its lower part by the shape or the pallet and secured against displacements in the longitudinal direction of the shaped bodies 5 or caused by them. The arrangement of the lugs 44 and the recesses 45 can be seen from FIGS. 14 and 15. For the purpose of clarification, FIG. 13 shows the row of openings 45 which are caused by the projections in the molding. j

The transverse racks of the second exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 14 to 18 have a largely similar design like those according to the first embodiment. Deviating from this, in the second exemplary embodiment the openings through which the shaped bodies 5 are introduced are designed somewhat larger and are provided with bushings 48, into which the shaped bodies 5 are inserted appropriately. A better sliding and wear resistance can be achieved by choosing the material of the bushings. In addition, it is avoided that 5 joints occur in the area of the passage opening for the shaped bodies, as occurs in the first embodiment in that the passage openings 29 are formed from sections 30 and 31, which are formed in the lower part and the upper part of the transverse storage device are. In the context of the second exemplary embodiment, the openings 29 'are made somewhat larger than in the first exemplary embodiment, that is to say the sections 30' and 31 'are selected to be correspondingly larger in order to be able to accommodate the bushes 48.

At least on one of the transverse racks 7, which limit the shape in the longitudinal direction, bushes 48 are provided, which are provided with a nose 49 facing downwards towards the mold space floor 9. These lugs extend to the mold cavity floor 9 when the upper part 28 is placed ready for operation on the lower part 27. The lugs engage in grooves 51, which are formed at a corresponding location and in a corresponding dimension in a side surface of the lower part 27, in such a way that the moldings or finished parts have corresponding groove-shaped indentations 50 at their longitudinal ends, as shown in FIG. 13 is indicated. Through these channels, the cylindrical cavities formed by the shaped bodies 5 are opened at the end downwards, so that no water can accumulate in these cavities.

Figure 18 shows a section along the line XVIII-XVIII in Fig. 16 and reveals that in the area between two immediately adjacent groove-shaped recesses for receiving longitudinal reinforcing bars a wedge-shaped emerging over the upward surface of the lower part 27 of the cross adjuster 7 Projection 46 is provided, which - as can also be seen in particular from the section according to FIG. 18 - engages in a corresponding recess 45 in the underside of the upper part 28 of the transverse switch. The flanks of the projection are so beveled that the engagement is centered even with slight displacement between the upper and lower part. These designs of projection and groove - interlocking in the manner of tongue and groove - are each provided between two directly adjacent pocket recesses with orifices 35, so that guide guides 40, as described in the first exemplary embodiment, can be dispensed with. However, these guide flags 40 can also be provided. Instead of the hollow 37 according to the first embodiment. Fig. 7 is in accordance with the second embodiment. 17 a projection 46 is provided.

The lugs 49 of the bushes 48 protrude to form the grooves in the molding or finished part on the side surface of the lower part of the transverse switch. The engagement in grooves 51 provided in the lower part prevents concrete from penetrating between the lugs and the end face of the lower part. In addition, the partial areas of the lugs 49 engaging in the grooves 51 help to further stabilize and ensure the engagement between the upper part and lower part.

Claims (29)

1.Manufacturing device for the production of relatively large, plate-shaped precast concrete parts, in particular for precast part ceilings in the form of so-called hollow concrete planks, which have a multiplicity of cylindrical, parallel cavities, for the shaping of which correspondingly arranged shaped bodies, in particular pipes, are provided, which are mechanically between a slide-in position in the mold space to be filled with concrete for the prefabricated part or several finished parts and a pull-out position to be taken after concreting and located outside the mold space can be displaced approximately horizontally, the mold space being optionally formed by an approximately horizontally running mold space floor Pallet provided with side wall approaches, which can be inserted and removed and is limited or subdivided by side walls and transverse and / or longitudinal racks running approximately parallel to the direction of displacement of the moldings, thereby g ekennzeich-net that the side walls (3) of the molding space (10) by wall sections (15) which run in its upper edge region (24), are slightly inclined upwards towards the interior of the molding space (10 ') and are displaceable approximately perpendicular to the molding space floor (9). and wall parts (17) to be directed through the molding space (10) of wall bodies (6) which, like the molding bodies (5), are approximately horizontal are displaceably guided between a molding layer (13) and a mold release layer (14), the wall parts (17) of the wall body (6) in the molding layer (13) projecting further into the interior of the mold space (10 ') than the adjacent edges (16) of the Wall sections (15). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall parts (17) of the wall body (6) in the mold space interior (10 ') are formed bulged. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the wall parts (17) are formed as longitudinal jacket zones of the wall body (6) which is of cylindrical shape at least in this area. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall body (6) are designed as circular cylindrical columns, in particular as tubes. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wall body (6) together with the shaped bodies (5) between the shaping layer (13) or the insertion position (11) and the demolding layer (14) or the pull-out position (12) are arranged displaceably on a holder (4). 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wall body (6) via a guide rail (18) on the pallet (8), in particular _- on the side wall approaches (19), and on the adjacent edge (16 ) the wall sections (15) are guided sealingly longitudinally displaceable with respect to the concrete to be entered into the molding space (10). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wall body (6) in its shaping position (13) by longitudinally arranged supports (20) distributed longitudinally and in sealing contact on the adjacent edge (16) of the Wall sections (15) are held. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the supports (20) are held in a vertically displaceable mold frame (3 ') on which the wall sections (15) are provided. 9. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the diameter of the wall body (6) is smaller than that of the shaped body (5). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the wall body (6) seen in the vertical direction from the mold space floor (9) are spaced apart than the molded body (5). 11. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the transverse racks (7) with an approximately horizontally extending parting line (26) each have a lower part (27) to be placed on the surface of the pallet (8) forming the mold cavity floor (9). and an upper part (28) to be placed on the lower part (27) from above. 12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the openings (29) provided for receiving the shaped bodies (5) in the transverse supports (7) lead to a smaller section (30) in the Lower parts (27) and a larger section (31) are formed in the upper parts (28). 13. Apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, character- ized in that in the upper edge regions (32) of the transverse rack (7) horizontally and approximately parallel to the direction of displacement of the shaped body (5) groove-shaped recesses (34) for inserting reinforcing bars are provided. 14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the recesses (34) are designed as pocket grooves arranged offset with respect to one another transversely to the direction of displacement of the shaped bodies (5), the openings (35) of which alternately in one and the other broad side (36). of the lower part (27) are arranged. 15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that two sack grooves (34) adjacent in the displacement direction form a common cavity (37) in their overlap region. 16. Device according to one of the ˙ claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the upper parts (28) of the transverse racks (7) are each inclined on their two broad sides (38), the upper part of the cross-sectional area widening upwards. 17. Device according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that in the broad sides (38) of the upper parts (28) of the transverse racks (7) groove-shaped recesses (39) are provided for receiving longitudinal racks to be arranged between the transverse racks (7) , which are arranged approximately vertically with respect to their groove base. 18. Device according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that on the broad sides (38) of the upper part (28) of the cross-adjuster (7) guide lugs (40) are provided which, when the upper part (28) is placed on the associated lower part (27) overlap its broad sides (36). 19. Device according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the end faces (41) of the upper parts (28) on the course of the mold space (10) delimiting surface of the side walls (3) in the molded position (13) displaced wall bodies (6) are adjusted. 20. Apparatus according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the lower parts (27) of the transverse racks (7) are designed to protrude approximately 6 cm from the mold space floor (9) and with the side walls (3) or the side wall extensions (19). the pallet (8) are designed to be flush on the end face. 21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that in the upper edge region of the wall sections (15) in the mold space (10) projecting knobs (42) are provided, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the edge regions - preferably according to a grid dimension and in which groove sections (43) can be used, which are located in the upper end face area of the upper parts (28) of the transverse racks (7). 22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that in the region of the transition between the pallet (8) and its side wall approaches (19) in the mold space interior (10 ') engaging approaches (44) are provided, which in the longitudinal direction Edge areas are arranged so as to be distributed vertically to the knobs (42) and into which recesses (45) can be inserted, which are located in the lower end face area of the lower parts (27) of the transverse racks (7). 23. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14 and 16-22, characterized in that on the lower parts (27) of the transverse racks (7) in each case in the region between two directly adjacent groove-shaped recesses (34) or sack grooves with openings (35) Protrusions (46) projecting above the surface of the lower part (27) are formed, which engage in the manner of springs in grooves (47) which are recessed in correspondingly corresponding locations in the undersides of the upper parts (28) of the pinch holders (7). 24. Device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that in the correspondingly larger sections (31 ') in the upper parts (28) of the openings in the cross-adjusters (7) provided (29') sockets (48) for the Receptacle of the molded body (5) are inserted, which engage in correspondingly larger sections (30 ') in the lower parts (27) of the transverse racks (7). 25. Apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that at least in one of the mold space (10) delimiting the transverse lengthways (7) bushings (48) with lugs (49) directed towards the mold cavity floor (9) and reaching up to this are inserted, which engage in correspondingly dimensioned channels (50) formed at corresponding locations in the associated lower parts (27). 26. Device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that in the side wall approaches (19) of the pallet (8) in the longitudinal direction of the mold space (10) arranged distributed, transverse to this longitudinal direction and approximately parallel to the mold space floor (9), Open slots (51) facing away from the mold base (9) are designed for receiving reinforcing bars, the depth of which is to be seen on the mold cavity floor, such that the slot space of each slot (51) above a reinforcing iron inserted into the slot base remains free when the slot is closed Form of the guide rails (18) of the wall body (6) is covered. _27th Process for the production of relatively large, plate-shaped precast concrete parts, in particular for precast part ceilings in the form of so-called hollow concrete planks, using a manufacturing device according to one of Claims 1 to 21, characterized in that a large number of parts associated with one manufacturing device, each free of mechanically moving parts Designed pallets in succession, starting from the manufacturing device, loaded with one or more freshly molded finished parts and released from the extracted molded bodies and wall bodies, as well as lifted mold frames, are fed to a drying station, in which the pallets - preferably at different levels - are placed after the necessary hardening the concrete is removed from it, after which it is fed to an unloading station in which the finished parts are separated from the pallets, which are then cleaned and fed to a reinforcement station, in which the required reinforcing bars are placed in the existing or - if necessary in a different arrangement - lower parts of the cross-racks to be arranged on the pallet beforehand, whereupon each pallet prepared in this way is provided with the upper parts of the cross-racks and possibly longitudinal racks and is received within the mold frame by lowering it , whereupon the moldings and the wall bodies are retracted, followed by the filling of the molding space with concrete, after its first solidification the release of the finished part (s) shaped on the pallet by pulling out the moldings and the wall bodies and then lifting the mold frame the pallet removed from the manufacturing device and fed to the drying station and so on. 28. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the pallet equipped with the reinforcement is fed to the manufacturing device before the upper parts of the transverse racks are put on, which optionally takes place together with the lowering of the mold frame. 29. Plate-shaped prefabricated concrete part, in particular for prefabricated part ceilings in the form of so-called concrete hollow planks, with a multiplicity of cylindrical, parallel cavities, produced according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that on the side walls (52) below the undercuts (53 ) emerging reinforcing bars (54) are provided.

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