FR2649638A2 - Line for automatically producing reinforced concrete shuttering (formwork) beams for slab flooring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a line for producing reinforced concrete slabs or beams, essentially consisting of a moulding machine comprising two longitudinal pieces of shuttering (formwork) 4 and 4a which open by pivoting, two end shuttering drag combs one of which can move in terms of translation by virtue of a self-propelled gantry 30 running on two tracks 34, 35; extractable shuttering cores 40 and a bottom-of-mould plate 15 combined with vibrating chassis 16 which can move vertically. The line furthermore comprises an automatic station for preparing reinforcements making it possible to combine two reinforcement diameters in one same slab. The lifting loops of the slabs are held in place during moulding by a pneumatic device.

Description

The invention relates, in accordance with the main patent, an automatic and versatile production line of reinforced concrete beams or slabs for floors, consisting, on the one hand, of a molding machine proper, with device for transferring freshly produced products. molded, and on the other hand a machine for preparing the armatures and automatically introducing them into the molding machine, located in the extension thereof.

The purpose of this addition is to make improvements to the main patent, and in particular to the various components of the installation, so as to make it safer to use and more efficient.

The invention therefore relates to an automatic and versatile production line of beams or slabs of reinforced concrete, full, elegant or honeycombed, constituted according to the main patent, of a molding machine, a machine for preparing the reinforcements and placing in automatic place of these in the mold; a device for handling the trays receiving the molded slabs, a storage and heat treatment area for freshly molded products, a device for taking up the trays carrying the dry products, a machine for cleaning the trays; a concrete distribution skip, movable with alternative translation and surfacing device; all managed by a control and synchronization system for the movements of the various components of the installation with a programmable controller.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the machine comprises end combs, the role of which is to form the end sections of the slab, mobile and opening in two parts.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the movable end comb, opening by rotation around horizontal axes, is fixed to a self-propelled gantry spanning the mold and rolling on two lateral tracks.

It also includes a support bezel for the shuttering cores during their translation.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the lifting loops of the slabs are held in place during the casting phase by a pneumatic device.

An installation in accordance with this addition is illustrated by way of nonlimiting example in the attached figures: FIG. 1 is an overall view of the machine along a cross section of the slab. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal view of the installation. Figs. 3 and 4 show the end combs. Fig. 5 represents the device for holding the lifting loops. Figures 6 and 7 show the frame preparation station.

DESCRIPTION OF AN EXAMPLE OF EMBODIMENT: 1 / Molding machine: the molding machine fig. 1, comprises two longitudinal box beams, 2 and 2a, fixed, and connected by extreme spacers not shown, resting on feet 3, 3a, seals in the ground 1. These beams, slightly longer than the mold and the plate 15 support the two longitudinal cheeks 4, 4a, laterally casing the honeycomb slab 5. The cheeks are movable in rotation (arrow R) around horizontal axes 6, 6a; each cheek has series of arms 7, 7a, regularly spaced, which cooperate with the yokes 8, 8a, integral with the beams 2, 2a. On the left fig. 1, the cheek 4 is shown in the open position, and on the right the cheek 4a in the closed position (molding).

The simultaneous rotation of the two cheeks is ensured by jacks such as 9, the rod of which is fixed with articulation at 10 on the cheek, and the cylinder articulated at 11 on yokes 12 welded on the box girders. It will be noted that the beam 2 rests on the feet 3 by means of vibration dampers 13, and that the beam 2a rests by means of the dampers 13a on a beam 14, integral with the feet 3a; the role of the beam 14 is described below. The cheeks 4, 4a, in the open position, give off a sufficient vacuum so that the metal plate 15, on which the freshly molded slab 5 will rest, can be evacuated upwards by means of the boom bridge, as described in the main patent .The plate 15, forming the underside of the slab is in the form of a gutter, with two substantially vertical edges, 15a, 15b; it rests in the pouring position of the concrete on chassis 16 for distributing the vibration, in welded sections, 4 by way of example, each carrying several vibrating assemblies 17. The assembly 16 cooperates with air bladders inflatable 18, based on a lifting system 19, provided with jacks, of known design. It will be noted that the shuttering assembly - plate 15 and cheeks 4 - which receives the vibration thanks to the chassis 16, resting on cross members 15t of the plate, is separated from the rest of the machine by the vibration dampers 13, 13a and 18 .At least two chain conveyors 20, receive an empty tray, on the left fig. 1, and are arranged under the machine, at a level such that the plate 15v can pass under the beam 2 (arrow K). Such a plate is shown at 15v at station 21 for brushing and oiling. The cleaning machine comprises a frame made up of two beams 22, with rails and rollers 23 for rolling a suspended carriage 24, provided with a self-propelled rotary brush 25 whose vertical adjustment is ensured by the jack 26.

The plate 15v can be moved horizontally (arrow K) by movement of the conveyors 20, to come to be located in the axis of the molding machine, on the vibrating chassis 16 in the low position. The cheeks 4, 4a, being closed, the plate can be raised (arrow h ') in the pouring position, and pressed against the cheeks by the inflation of the bladders 18. The two ends of the slab are shuttered as described in the main patent by opening assemblies called end combs. One of these combs is movable along the length of the plate, in order to delimit the length L to be manufactured. According to the embodiment of Figure 1, the translation of the movable comb 60 is provided by a gantry 30, spanning the mold. It includes stands 31, 31a, integral with the cross member 32, and provided with rollers 33, 33a. The gantry 30 rolls on the beams 34 and 14. The beam 14, which supports the beam 2a, laterally comprises a rail 35, mounted on shock absorbers 36. The translation of the gantry is achieved by a geared motor 37, attacking a rack 38 integral with the rail 35. The assembly is mounted on shock absorbers in order to cut the vibration transmitted by the combs located in the mold.

FIG. 2 represents the cores 40, forming the cells of the slabs, and the fixed and mobile combs, as well as the device for extracting the cores, in a longitudinal view. 40a shows the cores at the armature preparation station 70, as described in the main patent. The removable cores are integral with a carriage 41, movable on lateral horizontal rails (not shown), and driven by a system of two lateral chains 42 and toothed wheels. The horizontal movement arrow Y ensures the introduction of the cores supporting the reinforcement of the slab into the machine.

The end of the slab on the preparation station side 70 is shuttered by a so-called fixed comb, 50, fig. 4. This comb fixed to a translation assembly (not shown), comprises a horizontally movable lower part 51, which will rest on the end of the plate 15 during pouring, and an upper part 52, movable vertically by jacks. Each half-comb carries notches for passage of the cores 40; the lower part also includes notches for passage of the frames, 51a. The two parts of the comb can be moved apart or brought together vertically (arrow J). The comb 50 is driven by a horizontal translation of small amplitude (arrow P); it can be placed in overlap on the end of the tray, to form the slab, and then move to the right to exit the jig of the boom bridge during the evacuation phase of the tray from above as described above. - is lying. The movable comb 60, Figure 3, has the same half-combs 51 and 52, it must be able to move over the entire useful length of the tray, -and during the evacuation phase thereof, be located at 60a, on the left Fig. 2, outside the template. The movable comb 60, Figure 3, comprises a frame 61, vertical, fixed on the cross member 32 of the mobile gantry described above, by means of vibration dampers 62. A telescope 65 is fixed under the cross member 32, by the intermediate of two consoles 68 in flat iron; this bezel, in the form of an openwork plate reproducing the cross section of the slab, allows the passage of the cores 40 and ensures their support during the translation into the mold of the cores, the length of which can reach 10 meters, loaded with reinforcements of reinforced concrete 110 The bezel is driven only in a horizontal movement.

The comb 60 proper comprises an upper part 52 and a lower part 51, identical to the pieces of the fixed comb 50; these parts are rotated to allow the free passage of the cores.

The upper part 52 comprising two lateral yokes 53 is movable in rotation about axes 54 integral with the two brackets 69 of the frame 61. The movement is ensured by the vertical jacks 63 acting by means of connecting rods (not shown) on the rods 56 fixed at 57 on the yokes 53. Likewise, the lower part 51 is articulated around the axis 58, the same jacks 63 acting on rods 59.

The assembly is completed, FIG. 2, by a harrow 90, fixed on the abscissa, integral with the end cross member 2c connecting 2 to 2a (fig. 1), and situated outside the template of the boom bridge. It comprises the harrow itself 91 for supporting the cores, fixed on an arm 92, movable around an axis 93, the rotation along arrow H ensured by a jack 94, mounted on the yokes 95. This harrow 90, the roll is to support the cores during certain phases of the cycle, is retractable in order to allow the passage in translation of the comb 60. In addition, on the right in FIG. 2, a horizontal cylindrical roller 96 can support the cores; it is retractable vertically thanks to a conventional actuator system not shown.

Maintaining the lifting loops during the concrete vibration phase:
One of the characteristics of the invention according to the main patent is the possibility of having safety steel lifting loops at the ends of the honeycombed slabs. To this end, each end comb 50 and 60, FIG. 5, has in its upper part 52 a notch 120 of small width, allowing the passage of the lifting loop 121 with two branches, in the shape of an inverted U, with horizontal returns 121a, passing under the main steels 110; said loop is set up manually. A flexible membrane 122, in the form of a thimble, is threaded into a bore 123. It is supplied with compressed air by a pressure tap 124. When the pressure increases inside the membrane, the latter lengthens. and the displacement of the front part 125 blocks the loop. The assembly can be completed in the lower part by a link, or spine ge connecting the loop to the steel 110.

THE PRODUCTION CYCLE:
It differs from the cycle described by way of example in the main patent by the kinematics of the combs. By way of nonlimiting example of an embodiment according to the invention, we describe a cycle of duration less than 180 seconds, for a slab length that is less than the maximum possible.

The machine being empty, without tray, the cheeks 4 open, the lifting tables 19 in the low position, the combs 50 and 60 outside the jig of the boom, harrow 90 in the retracted position, roller 96 in the high position a / an empty tray is brought to the conveyors by the boom bridge. It is brushed and oiled in 21.

b / the feed plate on the arrow conveyor K fig.1, up to the level of the mold, in abutment.

c / the fixed end comb 50 is moved to the left fig. 2, to be positioned directly above the end of the plate.

d / the movable end comb 60 advances to the right to be close to the fixed comb 50, for example at two meters.

e / the empty plate is raised by the device 19 to an ordinate close to the pouring position.

f / the cores 40, supporting the steels 110, advance, arrow Y.

g / the roller 96 descends so as not to obstruct the passage of the steels suspended on the cores as soon as the cores have penetrated into the telescope 65 sol iary of the comb 60.

h / the movable end comb 60, open, moves back at the same time as the cores, to the position corresponding to the length to be manufactured. Then the nuclei continue their race.

i / the stationary harrow 90 is raised and supports the cores.

j / if the length to be manufactured is short, the movable comb 60 returns to the right until the desired abscissa.

k / closing combs 50 and 60.

1 / closing the cheeks 4.

m / inflation of the bladders 18, in order to strongly press the plate 15 against the cheeks 4.

n / inflation of the membranes 122 for holding the lifting loops, after visual verification.

o / concreting phase: first filling pass, vibration, second concreting pass, complementary, and surface finishing with recovery of excess concrete on a conveyor parallel to the mold.

p / extraction of the cores, these resting on the roller 96 which rises at the end of the stroke.

q / At post 70, automatic positioning of steels for the next slab,
supported by steel pins, fig. 2, on the cores.

 r / descent of the stationary harrow 90, allowing the subsequent passage of the comb 60.

s / deflation of the bladders 122 for holding the lifting loops; clamping
vibrating tables (in order to avoid a rise when the cheeks open,
because the bladders 18 are still under pressure); opening of the cheeks of the mold,
release of a few centimeters from the movable comb 60 then opening of
the upper part 52 of the combs 60 and 50.

t / deflation of the bladders 18 and complete removal of the combs, outside the gaba
laughs at the grip of the boom bridge. Undoing the vibrating chassis 16.

 u / the plate 15 carrying the fresh slab is taken by the boom bridge.

 vl the chassis 16 descend.

 w / the lifting loops are put on the main steels at post 70.

 Then a / the next cycle begins ...

P / The armature preparation station 70, fig. 2 on the right, is shown in
detail in figures 6 and 7. It includes a metal frame, not shown
tee, supporting two superimposed openers 100 and 101, of a known type.

Each debottler, operating according to the principle known as "no peel-
rin ", contains a pack of identical steel bars 110 or 110a, of di
given meter, pre-cut length, corresponding to the slabs to be manufactured.

The debottler allows to grab a bar in the package and arrange it
on an inclined rack 102, fitted with guidance and braking devices
103 from the bar during its fall. In the example given in fig. 6, the bars
for a slab are five in number, of two different diameters. The
rack rails 102 are extended after a curve by rails 104,
inclines of about 15 degrees as an example; said rails 104 carry
retractable lugs 118, the role of which is to stop the bars 110 a
near their fall and place them on the rails along the distance "Eli",
corresponding to the slab to be manufactured. A carriage 105, movable in transport
horizontal according to arrow Z, carries several rods 106, located
in parallel planes, inclined by 15 approx. mobile in space.

The connecting rods are fixed via the axes 107, 108, on the
wheels 112 and 113, integral with bearings such as 112a, fixed under the
carriage 105. Each connecting rod 106 carries a series of fingers 114, in the form of
L, five in number in the ex. cited. The rotation of the wheels, connected by
the rod, animates the fingers with a circular movement, which allows each
finger to grab a bar, and lift it from the rail 104, and
keep in the high position. The cart is completed by a series of
115 inclined arms, 15, integral with said carriage, located in planes
neighbors of those of the connecting rods 106, and carrying pivoting knives 116, articulated around the axes 117, animated by a connecting rod system 118, arrow direction Q. The pivoting of the arrow knives U causes the finger bars 114 to fall.

The operation is as follows: the first of the five bars, braked at 103, slides on the rails 104 and is stopped at the desired position by the pins 118a, raised by a mechanism not shown, the other pins 118b, 118c, 118d, 118th, being retracted. The same goes for the second bar, the corresponding lugs 118b then being raised, etc.

The carriage 105 being located on the left fig.6, by rotation of the wheels 112, 113, the fingers 114 grasp the five bars, position 114a fig.7, and lift them position 114b, of the rail 104. The lugs 118 are then retracted.

The carriage moves to the right arrow Z, to come to lie directly above the shuttering cores 40, located in station 70 (on the right fig. 2).

As previously indicated, the cores 40 carry Greek or steel wire pins 111, regularly spaced, one meter by way of example.

The bars are then released by rotation of the knives 116 which push them out of the fingers 114, fall between the arrow cores M, and are retained by the Greeks 111. The carriage 105 then returns to the initial position on the left fig. 6. All movements are controlled by the programmable controller. The cores supporting the reinforcements are then ready for the phase f / of the cycle as described above.

Claims (8)

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S 1 / - Automatic production line of reinforced concrete beams or slabs, constituted according to the main patent, of a molding machine comprising: two longitudinal cheeks (4) movable in rotation; two end combs, one fixed (50), the other mobile (60); a plate (15) associated with vibrating frames (16); extractable cores (40); characterized in that the movable end comb (60) is composed of two parts (51), (52), which open by rotation around horizontal axes (54), (58), and tighten the armatures (110 ) in the closed position, and is integral with a self-propelled gantry (30) spanning the mold and rolling on two lateral tracks (34) and (35). 2 / - Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-propelled gantry (30) also comprises a telescope (65) for supporting the cores (40), said gantry advancing at the same speed as the cores (40) during the introduction phase of these into the machine. 3 / - Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed end comb (50) is also in two parts (51), (52), the assembly being movable in horizontal translation to lie outside from the end of the plate (15) and the upper part (52) being movable in vertical translation. 4 / - Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the formwork cores (40) are supported on the side opposite their introduction during the casting phase, by a harrow (90), retractable. 5 / - Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that on the introduction side of the cores, a retractable roller (96) supports the cores during their introduction as long as they have not penetrated into the telescope (65) , integral with the self-propelled gantry (30). 6 / - Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cores (40) can slide in the telescope (65), fixed in position, to their extreme position where they are supported by the harrow (90) which is relieved. 7 / - Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each lifting loop of the concrete slab is maintained during pouring by a flexible inflatable membrane (122) enclosing the upper rounding of the loop, said membrane being located in a bore in the upper part (52) of the comb. 8 / - Automatic production line for reinforced concrete beams or slabs, constituted according to the main patent for a post for the preparation of reinforcement, comprising at least one unblocker of bars, of a known type, characterized in that the bars steel (110) are placed on an inclined rack (104), then supported by movable fingers (114), mounted on a carriage (105), the assembly being movable in horizontal translation to come to be located above the cores (40); the bars (110) then being ejected by the articulated knives (116), and falling between the cores (40), are maintained and positioned by the pins (111) in the form of Greek resting on the cores.