EP0137089B1 - Installation et procédé d'application contrôlée de liquides sur une nappe absorbante - Google Patents

Installation et procédé d'application contrôlée de liquides sur une nappe absorbante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0137089B1
EP0137089B1 EP83810466A EP83810466A EP0137089B1 EP 0137089 B1 EP0137089 B1 EP 0137089B1 EP 83810466 A EP83810466 A EP 83810466A EP 83810466 A EP83810466 A EP 83810466A EP 0137089 B1 EP0137089 B1 EP 0137089B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
web
liquor
material web
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83810466A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0137089A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Bors
Peter Egger
Albert Götz
Martin Dr. Schwemmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Triatex International AG fueur Textile Forschung und Entwicklung
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Triatex International AG fueur Textile Forschung und Entwicklung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Triatex International AG fueur Textile Forschung und Entwicklung filed Critical Triatex International AG fueur Textile Forschung und Entwicklung
Priority to EP83810466A priority Critical patent/EP0137089B1/fr
Priority to DE8383810466T priority patent/DE3377422D1/de
Priority to AT83810466T priority patent/ATE35830T1/de
Priority to US06/657,900 priority patent/US4672705A/en
Publication of EP0137089A1 publication Critical patent/EP0137089A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0137089B1 publication Critical patent/EP0137089B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/10—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material
    • D06B1/14—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material with a roller

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for operating the device for applying regulated amounts of liquor to a liquid-absorbent material web such as textile or paper.
  • the MA process and the MA machines allow a continuous application of relatively concentrated solutions or dispersions of finishing or treatment agents. which should be distributed homogeneously in the textile goods, with very high working speeds.
  • the amounts of liquor applied no longer exceed the amounts required for effect formation, as is the case, for. B. is the case on the foulard.
  • the MA method mentioned leads to considerable energy savings or permits an increased capacity of the drying units.
  • finishing agent used expressed as the 100% active amount per unit area (or space unit) of textile goods, better finishing effects are achieved, or unchanged finishing effects result in improved abrasion resistance and a substantial saving in finishing agent.
  • the MA process is characterized by the particular simplicity of the devices, the very uniform application and the high working speeds.
  • foam stability, foam composition and the regulation of the application also pose major procedural problems.
  • the MA process is particularly suitable for the continuous, homogeneous finishing of cellulose-containing material webs, i.e. Those that consist entirely or predominantly of cellulose fibers by means of reactive finishing agents.
  • cellulose-containing material webs i.e. Those that consist entirely or predominantly of cellulose fibers by means of reactive finishing agents.
  • reactant resins with subsequent condensation to dry or practically dry textiles has been developed and developed. Any other liquors containing reactive substances for cellulose can of course also be applied continuously and in a controlled manner in the manner indicated.
  • the MA devices allow smooth processing of smooth textile webs. If there are wrinkles and other folds, e.g. B. lay folds, there are non-uniformities in the application of the fleet, which hardly have a disadvantageous effect on the bioss high finishing, because they are invisible and only cover small areas. Things are different if the fleet contains optical components such as brighteners or dyes. The appearance is impaired in this case, this impairment being exacerbated by the non-uniformity of a simultaneous high-level finishing.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this; the device to be developed should be such that any desired fleet order, be it a minimum order or not, can be carried out continuously, regulated and uniformly on any receptive web materials without unevenness of the web also leading to unevenness of the fleet order.
  • Such bumps are folds, knots, seams, nubs, etc.
  • a bound goods guide for the textile goods in that a steel roller 6 relieved by counterweight 9 or springs is arranged a few angular degrees (angle ⁇ ) in front of the normal run-up line of a textile web 4 on an application roller 1 and above it, such as it shows Fig. 1 schematically.
  • the rubber layer is indicated by dashed lines and labeled 1a.
  • the textile web 4 is pulled over a deflection roller 5 over the application roller 1.
  • the counterweight 9 and its lever arm are chosen so that an optimal relief of the guide roller 6 is achieved.
  • the line of contact of the guide roller 6 with the application roller 1 - the axes of both rollers are parallel - is set up so that it lies at an angle ⁇ of a few degrees from the normal line of contact 10 which the web 4 'would form with the application roller 1 if the guide roller 6 would not be present.
  • bound goods management just used is borrowed from the technique of mercerization, where it is often used. He wants to express that the goods run free, but are "supported” when they are handed over to another machine element, usually another roller.
  • the expression does not mean that the goods are opened to the fleet that is brought up, because a tangential introduction of the web into the nip of two rollers can also be described as bound goods guidance.
  • Application roller is understood to mean an application roller which, in contrast to the so-called platen roller, is not coupled to the material web running over it and to be provided with liquor in the sense of an equal speed of material web and roller surface. This means that the application roller generally has a surface speed that is independent of the material speed and adjustable. The application roller serves as an actuator in a regulating or control arrangement.
  • the partially relieved counter roller causes the textile web to be raised in places over the entire width of the application roller, so that the solution described was unsatisfactory. Good results were only achieved with wrinkle-containing textile webs, where it was possible to obtain a uniform application of finishing fleets, which could not be achieved without the guide roller, if one does not lift the web.
  • the rubber application roller is mechanically easily vulnerable, so that the liquor film is not perfect. Cleaning the rubber application roller is very difficult because of its microporosity.
  • an application roller with a metal surface preferably with a specific, defined surface quality
  • a counter roller with a flexible, non-slip surface which can accommodate unevenness of the web, are arranged at a fixed but adjustable distance axially parallel to the application roller.
  • aqueous liquors usually contain special surfactants; they are characterized in that they meet the film formation test described below.
  • the inventive aspect is to be seen in connection with certain fleet properties with the fact that an application roller with a metal surface is used; Existing fleets can also be used if they meet the film formation test.
  • the application roller consists of such a metal, at least on its surface, which takes on a very smooth surface structure after some time when the process is carried out due to the polishing action of the textile material.
  • a preferred material is stainless steel;
  • the roller surface is band-ground to roughness class N5 according to VSM 10230/31.
  • the counter roll must be arranged in such a way that the material web in the nip or shortly before it comes into contact with the liquor film, i.e. that the web is open to the liquor and is at the same time in bound guidance, i.e. is supported by the backing roller at the rear.
  • the nip between this counter-roller and the application roller can be set smaller than the average thickness of the web. It could not be expected that the material web would not be exposed to undue tension and warping at high working speeds and with the lead normally used compared to the application roller. It was even expected that the web would tear.
  • the thickness of the nip is less than the average thickness of the material web; this means that the counter roll is mostly flattened in the nip, at least when the web is not or not sufficiently compressible.
  • the thickness of the nip is preferably 60 to 80% of the average thickness of the web. This average thickness is determined according to SNV 98411 (corresponds to DIN 53855 and ASTM D 1777-64).
  • the counter roll has a resilient surface.
  • this consists of a thick coating of nitrile rubber with a Shore hardness of approximately 35. Softer qualities can also be used.
  • the counter roller can also be a brush roller with bristles placed very densely, a sponge rubber or plastic foam roller, a felt, velvet roller, a cup roller, a suction roller, etc. It is important that the surface is non-slip against the material web.
  • the fixed distance between the counter roller and the application roller can be set manually or by means of electromechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic means.
  • a simultaneous display of the thickness of the roll gap is advantageous. Since it happens relatively often that the thickness of the web material, apart from individual unevenness, which are absorbed by the counter-roller, changes in accordance with the passage of the web, it is convenient to provide an automatic adjustment of the nip. This is all the more easily possible since the basis weight of the web is measured anyway before the treatment liquor is applied; normally you will combine this measuring device with a thickness measuring device or set up and evaluate a function of the thickness depending on the weight per unit area. A target value can then be specified for the thickness of the roll gap (for example 75% of the web thickness), which is then maintained by a motor by means of control devices known per se.
  • At least two doctor blades are expediently applied to the application roller.
  • the first doctor blade lies on the surface area between the discharge point of the material web and the immersion in the liquor and serves to remove dirt and any remaining film.
  • the doctor blade is discarded or returned to the fleet after cleaning.
  • the second squeegee lies below the liquid level in the liquor trough and is used to remove residual foam bubbles and to control the flow of the liquor on the surface of the roll.
  • the guide roller 5 can be dispensed with compared to the device that was originally tried out (FIG. 1).
  • the counter roll can be free-running or driven.
  • the counter roll should be driven for thin, light web and knitted fabrics as well as at high working speeds.
  • the porous web 4 runs over the rubber counter-roller 6, is brought into a convex configuration and is opened towards the liquor film F, which is brought up by the application roller 1. At the moment of contact, the fleet film F can better enter its open cavities H. As a result of the high speeds and the described relative speed between the application roller and the material web, the film is broken up into droplets, which improves its absorption.
  • the liquor-containing web 4 is both in the nip of the rolls 1 and 6 with elastic deformation Counter roll 6 and the web 4 compressed.
  • the previous opening of material is reversed and the web is redirected to a slightly concave configuration. This creates all of the mechanical and physical requirements so that the fleet can be evenly distributed in the material web. Due to the pressure on the material, the liquid contained therein is brought into intensive contact with the material structure. There is also a slight opening of the web to the rear, which exerts a suction effect on the fleet.
  • this third phase in which the web 4 still remains in contact with the application roller 1, the absorption and distribution of the liquor can be completed, insofar as this is necessary because the compression of the web is released.
  • This further contact can be expressed as the center angle (eg a 1 , FIG. 2) of the application roller, in the form of a length (circumferential distance) or as a dwell time.
  • the latter value is particularly meaningful since the distribution of the fleet is a time function.
  • the contact angle is chosen to be approximately 2 to 15 °, corresponding to a length of approx. 6 to 40 cm on the roll surface and a dwell time of 0.02 to 0.2 sec.
  • the liquor has time, completely beforehand from the roll 1 pass into the web 4, and you can lift the web directly without further contact with the roller 1 (arrow in Fig. 3c).
  • the size of the contact angle can be used to regulate the web braking.
  • the liquor absorption by the web depends on the ratio of the affinities of the liquor to the material web 4 and the surface of the application roller 1.
  • the normally remaining film boundary layer of the liquor is reduced if, as is usually the case according to the invention, the web moves faster than the surface of the application roller 1. This relative movement also achieves continuous cleaning and smoothing of the application roller.
  • a particular problem is the application of treatment liquor according to the MA process for knitted fabrics. It is known that, due to the special, open structure of this textile product, difficulties arise during transport through treatment machines. When a tensile stress acting in the longitudinal direction is applied, the goods contract in the transverse direction. The fabric edges have a very strong tendency to curl up, with curl angles of over 360 ° being observed, in particular when the tubular knitted fabric is cut open.
  • the treatment in the described device is possible, also at high working speeds, provided that the knitted fabric web is acted upon at its edges on the counter-roller itself with flowing air which is inflated from suitably shaped air nozzles.
  • the material web is expediently guided over a slatted roller which serves for centering and spreading; the path between the basis weight measuring device and the counter roller runs through a flat, new air stripper. Further preferred facilities will be described below.
  • rollers are normally built as hollow rollers for the purpose of saving weight, and when using a hollow shaft, it is very easy to thermostate the roller by passing an appropriately tempered flow medium, whereby the film quality, the liquor concentration and other liquor properties including the evaporation rate can be precisely controlled.
  • this was not possible with the application roller previously used, which had a poor thermal conductivity and was usually provided with a thick rubber coating.
  • Only by using a metal roller with a very smooth, non-porous surface as an application roller is a compression of the web material possible because the surface friction with the web is acceptably low given the speed difference between the web and the roller surface. Finally, such a roller can be easily cleaned and kept clean.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating the device for applying treatment agent to a liquid-absorbent web.
  • This subject of the invention is defined in independent claim 15.
  • the web material is fed in and out and transported through the machine in a manner known per se.
  • the method according to the invention which is defined in claim 15, is not limited to the application of reactive finishing agents to cellulose-containing textile goods. It can be used to apply any, even non-aqueous, liquors of any composition to any absorbent and flexible web material, for the purpose of homogeneous distribution or more or less one-sided treatment.
  • the web material does not need to be hydrophilic, but must be capable of absorbing liquids.
  • the fleets only have to pass the film test defined below and should generally also pass the foam test also listed.
  • textile webs are initially considered, that is to say fabrics, knitted fabrics and non-wovens made from the known textile fibers, for example native and regenerated cellulose, wool, synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyolefins, polyacrylic fibers, polyvinyl chloride, polyamides, glass and asbestos and other mineral fibers such as rock and slag wool. It can also be natural or synthetic paper and thin cardboard. Flocks also come in parallel running yarns (e.g. warp threads) that can touch one another laterally and possibly also have two or more layers. The material can also be damp, but must not be so wet that the liquor is squeezed out in the nip.
  • the application to the fleet generally leads to a homogeneous distribution in the web material.
  • a one-sided applied liquor forms a homogeneous liquor distribution that penetrates the substrate.
  • the invention is not restricted to this effect.
  • Another very interesting possibility to use the new device is the wet-on-wet technique or the controlled addition order.
  • This technology saves one drying stage. It is assumed that the web is still moist, such as that which leaves a foulard after dyeing, and is provided with small, controlled amounts of another liquor in the device according to the invention. To do this, you can either apply a constant amount, e.g. B. 10 g / m 2 or 20 g / m 2 , or add the "missing end" up to a certain target value for the total fleet, ie dyeing liquor and second liquor.
  • the apparatus according to the invention can be used to apply so much liquor that the optimum value of the migration is obtained during the subsequent drying, and therefore dyed fabrics are obtained in a particularly indifferent and inexpensive manner. This technique is referred to by the applicant as a "controlled high order".
  • an irregular application for example in the case of crepe formation in the web material or an effect dyeing.
  • these effects are achieved by disturbing the film guided on the application roller.
  • the disorder should preferably be random, i.e. without recognizable uniformity. This can be achieved by means of a squeegee which is moved back and forth by means of a motor on the fleet film of the application roller at an uncontrolled variable speed or by means of impulses, by irregular blowing on the film etc.
  • the device according to the invention can currently work at working speeds of 170 m / min and more, which the dryers cannot always follow despite the small amounts of water to be evaporated. The device should normally work on at least two dryers.
  • Fig. 2 shows the basic structure of the application device of the new machine.
  • the application roller 1 rotates in the trough 3, which contains the treatment liquor 2.
  • the roller 1 is made of steel (see below in connection with Fig. 5);
  • the foam scraper blade 14, which additionally serves to calm the flow in the trough, is pressed against it below the fleet level. It frees the application roller from air bubbles that can stick to its surface when immersed in the fleet.
  • the squeegee consists of a rubber or plastic strip with a Y-profile, the arms of which are thickened at the ends and the vertical web is clamped in a metal rail. This is now approached to the roller so far that the Y-arms put on and spread. This ensures that the doctor blade functions effectively and metal damage to the roller is reliably avoided.
  • a second doctor blade 16 on the discharge side of the application roller removes any liquor residues and dirt particles that come from the atmosphere or from the treated substrate. This excess liquor can be returned to the trough after cleaning.
  • a side doctor blade (not shown) is provided on both sides of the material web, which keeps the free edges of the application roller free of liquor.
  • These doctor blades are expediently designed to be automatically laterally displaceable, which can be achieved by optical sensors (not shown) and corresponding servo devices so that they follow the lateral displacements of the material web.
  • the gap S between the application roller and the counter-roller can be adjusted using adjusting means, which are symbolized by the arrows 18.
  • the incoming material web 4 first wraps around the counter-roller 6 and comes along the surface line 19, which, seen in the web running direction, lies in front of the connecting plane E of the axes of the two rollers 1 and 6, in first contact with the liquor film and the application roller; the surface of the application roller is left again in the surface line 19a.
  • the distance between the two surface lines 19 and 19a represents the wrapping of the application roller; this distance is about 6 to 40 cm corresponding to an angle a 1 of 2 to 15 ° depending on the roller diameter; the residence time should be 0.02 to 0.2 sec, generally approx. 0.1 sec. The distance depends mainly on the permissible braking of the material web through the surface of the application roller 1.
  • the roller 1 is driven in a rotationally locking manner, ie it is braked if necessary and rotates at a constant, albeit controllable speed, usually with a lower surface speed v o than the transport speed v T of the material web.
  • the two speeds are related to each other by values that are in the range from 1:10 to 1: 0.5 and are usually approx. 1: 2.
  • the value v T generally ranges from 20 to 200 m / min, depending on the substrate.
  • the angle a also depends on the absolute value of v T.
  • the web 4 wraps around the counter-roller 6 over a part of its circumference which, expressed as a central angle, is 60 to 120 °. Usually the web 4 is fed from above, as shown in Fig. 2, and the said angle is approximately 100 °.
  • the application roller 1 is first freed of residues by the doctor blade 16 and immersed cleanly in the liquor 2.
  • the submerged squeegee 14 removes any attached bubbles.
  • the roller surface emerging from the liquor 2 carries a uniform liquor film, the thickness of which depends on the roller speed, the composition of the liquor and its (temperature-dependent) toughness and surface tension.
  • the doctor blade 16 is directed against the running direction of the roller 1:
  • a first possibility is to remove the web at an angle that rises to the horizontal (eg web 4 "in FIG. 2), ie to reduce the angle a t , if necessary, to almost zero.
  • Another possibility is the partial lifting of the counter roller from the application roller in order to increase the gap width S within the permissible limits, this option being preferred because of its technically simpler feasibility and better suitability for automation .
  • the roll gap S should generally not be more than about 80% of the average material thickness of the web, because otherwise the condition of bound goods guidance when the first contact with the liquor film is no longer guaranteed.
  • the setting of the nip S is done with known, not shown here, z. B. an eccentric, the control knob is preferably provided with a scale on which the size of the nip can be read immediately.
  • Fig. 4 now, also schematically, shows in side view a device complete down to the details according to the teaching of the invention.
  • the machine consists of three main parts, namely the feed group 20, the order group 21 and the winding group 22.
  • the web material for example a textile fabric, is unwound from a supply roll, not shown.
  • the material 4 initially runs in the direction of the arrow between or over a number of semi-circularly arranged calming rollers 24, on which existing material tensions equalize, the goods are spread out and indented folds smooth out.
  • the web follows the feed group 20 in the frame 20a below and then passes the web guide and centering device 26, which is laterally displaceable and in which the web is constantly regulated in its lateral guidance in such a way that its edge always ends up on the same circular line of the application roller.
  • the regulation comes about in a manner known per se that the web goods by sensors, not shown, for. B. light barriers, monitored and the deviation signal is given to the control drive of the guide device, not shown.
  • the guide device is used as such. B. manufactured by the company Erhardt & Leimer KG in Augsburg (BR Germany).
  • the material web After passing through deflection rollers 28, the material web arrives in the nip of the conveying device 30 which, together with the winding to be described later, ensures that the tension in the web is always constant in the fleet application.
  • the actuator of the control loop is the unloaded feeler roller 32, via which the web 4 is guided after leaving the conveying device 30. It then touches a directional roller 34 and then penetrates the free space between the transmitter and receiver of the non-contact basis weight measuring group 36.
  • Such measuring groups have been known for quite a long time and therefore do not need to be described in more detail; they work on the basis of radiation absorption.
  • the basis weight of the untreated web is determined in the measuring group 36.
  • the material web which has smeared and picked up the film of the treatment liquor offered by the application roller 1 is deflected vertically upwards by a first deflection roller 38 and by two further deflection rollers 38 ', 38 "in the direction of the winding-up group 22.
  • the material web containing the treatment liquor passes the second basis weight measuring group 40, which works exactly like the first measuring group 36 and together with it generates a quotient or difference signal which serves to control the amount of liquor applied in a known manner, which is not part of the invention; it becomes Please refer to DT-OS-2 114 517, page 16.
  • Usually the speed of the application roller is changed under otherwise the same conditions.
  • the winding group 22 consists of a very schematically indicated, winding roll 41 and a guide arm 42 which is articulated on the machine stand 22a and acts on the roll roll 41 to be formed from above.
  • a guide roller 44 and a storage roller 46 run in the guide arm 42, which is provided twice, and is driven in the direction of the arrow by a winding motor (not shown) at a constant and controllable speed.
  • the web 4 wraps around the roller 46 to at least 180 ° and forms the roll 41 by laying it down. As the diameter of this roll increases, the pair of arms 42 moves upward.
  • the arrangement described has the advantage that the tension in the web 4 is always the same and that a very uniform winding 41 is formed.
  • Finished rolls 41 are suspended and fed to the dryer.
  • Automatic changers which are known to the person skilled in the art, are used to change the winding. They are not shown; their description can be omitted.
  • the winding of the moist web of material loaded with the treatment liquor described has the advantage that the subsequent drying can be carried out at any speeds adapted to the dryer or the tenter; in the event of a malfunction in the dryer, the liquor application can still continue and vice versa.
  • FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section of an application roller 1 used with advantage.
  • This initially has an inner hollow cylinder 100, which is connected in both end regions to hollow stub axles 103 via two annular disks 101, 102.
  • the outer cylinder 104 made of special steel, which is shrunk on and has a wall thickness of, for example, 3 to 5 mm.
  • the outer cylinder 104 is connected to the stub shaft by welding by means of a cover plate 104, which lies on the outside of the respective outer ring plate 102.
  • the outer surface of the outer cylinder 104 is ground to a roughness N5 of VSM 10230/31.
  • the outer cylinder 104 projects beyond the inner cylinder 100 and the cover plates 105 on both sides, for example by 12 to 15 mm each. This avoids that at medium and high roller speeds, liquor from the trough reaches the cylinder jacket via the disks 105 or is thrown off from the end faces or at least forms beads from excess liquor. This construction is preferred according to the invention.
  • Heating or cooling flow medium can be supplied and discharged through the hollow shafts 103. It is also possible to heat the roller electrically or with gas. The same applies to the fleet in the trough, i.e. the latter or the supply or circulation lines of the fleet, intermediate containers, etc. can be used as energy transmitters to regulate the fleet temperature.
  • Typical dimensions of these application rollers are almost any length and 150 to 350 mm in diameter.
  • Fig. 6 shows schematically in section a system according to the invention for the double-sided application of treatment liquors, which can be identical or different; only the order group is shown (see FIG. 4).
  • the machine has two application devices according to the invention in the frame 21.
  • the material web 4 enters the machine at the bottom and is deflected three times by three rollers 28. These rollers 28 can be free-running or driven.
  • the goods pass the first non-contact basis weight measuring group 36, which measures the weight of the dry, untreated goods. Now follows the first application device with liquor trough 3, application roller 1, counter roller 6 and deflection roller 38, with the corresponding device 4 is identical in mirror image; the detailed description given there should not be repeated here.
  • the web now passes through the second non-contact measuring group 40; the quotient signal of the measuring groups 40 and 36 is a measure of the amount of liquor applied.
  • the material web is fed to the second application group via two further deflecting rollers 38 'and 38 ", which, as can be seen, acts on the other side of the material web and in turn consists of liquor trough 3', application roller 1 ', counter roller 6' and deflecting roller 38 '".
  • the web 4 which is now acted upon on both sides, leaves the machine at the top and can be deflected and wound up as desired. Before that, it passes through the third non-contact basis weight measuring group 48; the second or the entire fleet order can be determined by forming the quotient of the measured values with that of the measuring groups 40 and / or 36.
  • the measurement signals serve to control the drives of the rollers 1 and 1 ′ for the purpose of regulating the application quantities.
  • the dye solution or dispersion which contains the reactive dye and, if appropriate, conventional additives such as urea and wetting agent, but does not contain any alkali or alkali donor, is applied in an amount of 30-50%, based on the weight per unit area of the dry fabric.
  • the alkali-free application with controlled application ensures stable treatment liquors and allows a constant dye application, even with very substantive systems, without edge or end drain.
  • the alkali required for dye fixation if necessary together with salts and surfactants, is then applied in liquor quantities of 15 - 30% based on the basis weight of the dry fabric, the setting of the alkali concentration can be taken into account regardless of the The stability of the dye liquor can be adjusted so that maximum dye fixation is possible. Since the total amount of liquor applied by the two application devices remains below the values which result from conventional padding with an alkali-containing liquor, the best conditions result for optimal dye fixation. In addition, you usually get by with less dye.
  • the residence stage and the subsequent washing are carried out in a manner known per se.
  • the fabric is rolled up and wrapped in plastic film, held in a manner known per se for 16 hours at room temperature and then rinsed, acidified, soaped, rinsed again and dried.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically in section a machine for fleet application on very sensitive or delicate web materials such as tissue paper, but especially knitwear. A persistent curling of the web edges occurs with this material. In addition, significant tensile forces lead to the retraction of the web and non-uniformity of the forces to oblique warping.
  • the goods to be treated are wound on the supply roll 50, which is provided with a regulated center drive (not shown). Via a driven deflection roller 52, the web 4 passes under a dancer roller 54 and a group of small, curved guide rollers 56 into a plate air stripper 58.
  • the dancer roller 54 generates a signal for controlling the (not shown) goods output on the roll 50.
  • the air stripper 58 acts on both sides and directed air inflation on the knitted fabric web 4 such that it emerges smoothly, wrinkle-free and with only a few rolled edges from the stripper 58. This stripper can be angularly adjusted with the help of the swiveling support 60.
  • the knitted fabric web is fed to a slatted roller 62 which is driven and on which centering and further spreading of the fabric web is achieved.
  • the slatted roller 62 and the air stripper 58 are known, commercially available products from Erhardt & Leimer KG. Augsburg, Federal Republic of Germany. The construction and mode of operation of these devices are known to the person skilled in the art or accessible.
  • the centered web first reaches the counter roller 6, which is driven, through a device 65 for contactless basis weight measurement and then through a second air stripper 66, which is designed like the first stripper 58. It has been observed that there is still a residual tendency for the edges to curl in the web.
  • air is inflated by means of separate edge roll-out nozzles 68, which are located at the ends of air channels 67 and act on both sides of the web on their edge region, shortly before entering the nip S , and it was found that a completely smooth emergence of the web onto the application roller 1 is ensured by these measures.
  • the fleet trough is again designated with 3.
  • the liquor After the liquor has been applied to the material web, it is passed through the second device 70 for contactless basis weight measurement and then fed to the rewinder.
  • the required deflection rollers 38 and 38 "are also driven.
  • the winding of the damp, impregnated knitwear is advantageously carried out according to the principle of bound goods management.
  • the winding tube 72 is provided with a center drive, not shown, which can be controlled as a function of the output signal of an encoder, not shown.
  • a counter-roller 78 is pressed against this sleeve 72 with the aid of a hydraulic or pneumatic drive 74 via an articulated arm 76, which roller guides the web 4 in the manner shown at the moment of rolling up.
  • the devices shown can additionally contain the known cord rollers for smoothing the web and for spreading wrinkles.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically the extremely preferred assembly of the counter roller 6. This assembly allows a precise and identical setting of the roller gap S and a parallel guided rapid lifting of the counter roller, for example when approaching a strong thickening in the web. This can prevent tears.
  • This suspension of the counter-roller 6 consists first of all in a bearing block 80 located on both sides of the roller, in which the axis 82 of the roller 6 is mounted and which can move vertically between two guide blocks 81.
  • the displacement is guided by a piston rod 83, which is connected to a piston 85 movable in a cylinder 84.
  • a line 86 opens below and another line 87 above the piston 85.
  • a throttle valve 88 can be installed in the line 87, which brakes the flow medium.
  • the cylinder 84 is articulated on a two-armed lever 89, the other end 90 of which is provided with a bore with an internal thread.
  • a threaded spindle 91 engages therein, which carries an adjusting washer 93 outside its bearing housing 92.
  • the threaded spindle 91 can be connected to a servo drive, not shown.
  • line 86 When the device is operating, line 86 is depressurized and there is pneumatic (or hydraulic) pressure in line 87. As a result, the piston 85 is pressed against the inner projection 94 of the lower end face of the cylinder.
  • the exact thickness of the nip S is now set by turning the adjusting disk 93 accordingly (with scale division) and always remains the same.
  • the pressure prevailing in cylinder 84 acts like a spring; the roller 6 can thus deflect upwards if it is necessary before a web of material breaks.
  • pressure is applied to the line 86 and the line 87 is vented, and the piston 85 and the roller 6 go up immediately, but in a movement damped by the throttle 88. After lowering again, the previously selected value 5 for the thickness of the roll gap is restored.
  • Fig. 9 shows schematically a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, which is particularly well suited for use with very wrinkled material with stubborn folds.
  • the material web 4 is guided essentially from above onto a group of sheet rollers 98, 98a, 99.
  • the sheet rollers 98 and 98a are used to initially smooth the material and in some cases are unnecessary. It is important that the counter roller 99 is designed as an arc roller.
  • Sheet rolling i.e. curved spreader rolls are known per se (cf. M. Peter, Fundamentals of Textile Finishing, 10th Edition, 1970, p. 48) and are described e.g. B. supplied by Stove-Woodward Inc., (Mass., U.S.A.). They represent a curved cylinder. Preference is given to those arc rolls whose curvature is adjustable (by pressure on the axis).
  • the curved rollers 98, 98a and 99 are adjusted with their curvature in such directions R that the material web is spread out (and not drawn in).
  • the last (or only) sheet roller 99 is provided with the features of the counter roller defined and described above. Because the axis of the roller 99 does not run parallel everywhere with the axis of the application roller 1, a roller gap between the rollers 99 and 1 cannot be precisely defined. However, such an approach is approximately achieved and the desired bound product guidance is sufficiently achieved in practice by gradually approaching the roller 99 during the operation of the roller 1 and also selecting the direction R as parallel as possible to the tangent to the roller 1 in the roller gap.
  • the device shown in Fig. 9 allows a uniform application of liquor on web material with very permanent folds, which are smoothed at the moment of the application of the liquor.
  • a 115 cm wide fabric made of 65% polyester and 35% cotton, weight 105 g / m 2 , average thickness approx. 0.21 mm, is highly refined and at the same time brightened optically.
  • a simple application roller with a diameter of 300 mm was used as the application member (cf. DE-PS-2 114 517).
  • the equipment received was stained in the area of the selvedges.
  • the application roller is a steel roller with a diameter of 300 mm.
  • the counter roll (Fig. 2, Fig. 8) has a diameter of 200 mm and is made of soft rubber of Shore hardness 35A.
  • the nip S is set to 0.15 mm (70% of the average thickness of the fabric).
  • the equipment obtained is homogeneous and spotless, i.e. uniform.
  • the objects of the invention described can be varied or modified within the scope of the claimed. So it is z. B. possible to drive or brake the individual guide rollers of the device as required (which is also a drive).
  • the rollers can have a shape different from the cylindrical shape.
  • the rollers 38 can be perforated vacuum rollers for even better fleet distribution or for special cases. If necessary, rollers and other guide elements, measuring devices etc. can be added.
  • the web of material can be steamed or put under vacuum for better absorption of the liquor (expulsion of air) before and / or after touching the application roller.
  • Other pre-treatment and / or post-treatment of the material web familiar to the person skilled in the art can also be carried out in the course of the method.
  • the invention can also be used to apply foamed liquors. This represents an alternative method to the liquid liquor application technique described; when using liquid liquors, these must be foam-free, just as, on the other hand, foamed liquors must be free of stray liquid. To apply foam, however, it is necessary to provide the device with a system for producing and transporting semi-stable foams and also to carry out other design changes adapted to this method.
  • Foam formation must be checked because wetting liquors that pass the film formation test described above tend to foam. However, this must not exceed a certain level.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (26)

1. Installation pour l'application continue et uniforme de quantités mesurées d'un liquide de traitement sur une nappe de matériau absorbante de liquide (4) en mouvement, comprenant au moins un rouleau applicateur (1) entraîné présentant une surface lisse; une cuve (3) de bain de traitement dans laquelle ledit rouleau applicateur est trempé; un dispositif d'alimentation en nappe de matériau et un dispositif de décharge de la nappe, les moyens d'entraînement dudit rouleau applicateur et de la dite nappe étant adaptés pour produire des vitesses différentielles entre la nappe et la surface du rouleau applicateur; et des moyens de contrôle pour l'obtention de quantités de l'agent de traitement contrôlées et appliquées uniformément sur la nappe, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau applicateur (1) a une surface métallique lisse et en ce qu'un rouleau conjugué (6) présentant une surface élastique et anti-patinage est monté en-dehors de ladite cuve (3), parallèle à l'axe du rouleau applicateur, à une distance du rouleau applicateur fixe mais réglable de telle manière qu'un écartement défini ajustable soit formé entre lesdits rouleaux.
2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'écartement des rouleaux est dimensionné entre 60 et 80 % de l'épaisseur de la nappe de tissu.
3. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau conjugué (6) et l'endroit où la nappe de matériau quitte le rouleau applicateur sont positionnés l'un par rapport à l'autre de telle manière que l'on obtienne un angle de contact de la nappe sur le rouleau applicateur de l'ordre de 2° à 15°, exprimé comme angle au centre du rouleau applicateur.
4. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une raclette (16) de nettoyage est appliquée sur le rouleau applicateur dans la portion située entre l'endroit où la nappe de matériau quitte le rouleau applicateur et la position de trempage dans le bain, et en ce qu'une raclette (14) d'élimination de mousse est disposée en-dessous du niveau du liquide.
5. Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la raclette (14) d'élimination de mousse est constituée d'une bande en caoutchouc ou plastique ayant un profil en "Y" dont les deux bras sont renforcés à leur extrémité et dont la partie centrale est pincée dans un rail métallique formant le support de raclette, et qui est ajustable par rapport à la surface de l'applicateur, de telle manière que les bras du Y soient écartés lors du contact avec le rouleau applicateur.
6. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau conjugué (6) est entraîné.
7. Installation selon la revendication 1, pour le traitement de textiles tricotés, caractérisée par un dispositif d'alimentation pour débobiner la nappe de tissu à partir du rouleau d'alimentation (50), un dispositif de contrôle de la tension de transport de la nappe comprenant un rouleau compensateur (54) , des étaleurs à air (58) et un rouleau de lattes pour aplatir, centrer et égaliser le nappe de tissu avant son contact avec le rouleau applicateur (1), par des buses (67) d'aplatissement des bordures alimentées en air, qui sont dirigées sur les bords du tissu tricoté lors du passage sur le rouleau conjugué (6) , et par un dispositif d'enroulement à enrouleur axial central contrôlé sur lequel le tissus est enroulé à l'état supporté.
8. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau applicateur (1) est un cylindre creux présentant un essieu creux (103) pour l'entrée et la sortie d'un fluide destiné à régler la température ou pour l'apport d'une énergie de chauffage telle qu'électrique ou à gaz.
9. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par des moyens d'actionnement destinés à maintenir constante l'épaisseur de l'écartement entre le rouleau conjugué (6) et le rouleau applicateur (1), choisi en fonction de l'épaisseur de la nappe de matériau.
10. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par deux dispositifs d'application successifs destinés à déposer le liquide de traitement sur chaque face de la nappe de matériau.
11. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que les deux bordures du rouleau applicateur sont au contact d'une raclette, l'écartement entre les bords intérieurs desdites raclettes étant ajustable à la largeur de la nappe de matériau, et par le fait qu'un asservissement de position destiné à adapter la position des raclettes à la position changeante des bords de la nappe de matériau est prévu.
12. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par des moyens de chauffage du bain de traitement.
13. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que le rouleau applicateur comporte un cylindre extérieur (104) relié à l'arbre du rouleau par des disques circulaires de couverture (105) et dépassant les derniers latéralement des deux côtés.
14. Installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que que le rouleau conjugué est constitué par un rouleau arqué (99), en amont duquel au moins un autre rouleau arqué est facultativement prévu, et par le fait que l'excentricité du ou des rouleaux arqués (98a) est telle que la nappe de tissu est transférée sans faux plis au rouleau applicateur.
15. Procédé pour la mise en oeuvre de l'installation selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la nappe de matériau est imprégnée en continu et uniformément avec une quantité de liquide de traitement n'excédant pas la capacité de saturation du matériau et par le fait que la nappe de matériau passe par le rouleau conjugué ayant une surface élastique et anti-patinage et est ensuite transférée dans des conditions supportées sur le rouleau applicateur qui est entraîné en rotation dans la même direction que la nappe de matériau et qui porte un film d'imprégnation uni forme.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que l'on peut ajuster l'écartement entre le rouleau conjugué et le rouleau applicateur en fonction de l'épaisseur de la nappe de matériau, ledit écartement étant maintenu constant par des moyens de contrôle.
17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé par le fait que la nappe de matériau et la surface du rouleau applicateur ont des vitesses différentes et que le freinage du tissu est régulé en modifiant la grandeur de l'écartement entre le rouleau conjugué et le rouleau applicateur.
18. Procédé selon la revendication 15, 16 ou 17, caractérisé par le fait que le rouleau applicateur est mis au contact de la nappe de matériau avec un angle de contact correspondant à un temps de contact du matériau sur le rouleau applicateur de 0,02 à 0,2 secondes.
19. Procédé selon la revendications 15 et 18, caractérisé par le fait que le freinage du tissu est réglé en modifiant l'angle de contact de la nappe de matériau sur le rouleau applicateur.
20. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 à 19, caractérisé par le fait que la quantité de liquide de traitement appliquée par unité de surface de la nappe de matériau est régulée en variant la vitesse de rotation du rouleau applicateur.
21. Procédé selon l'une au moins des revendications 15 à 20, caractérisé par le fait que la quantité de liquide de traitement appliquée par unité de surface de la nappe de matériau est régulée en variant la température du liquide par refroidissement ou chauffage du rouleau applicateur de type à cylindre creux.
22. Procédé selon l'une au moins des revendications 15 à 21, caractérisé par le fait que la nappe entre au contact du rouleau conjugué avec un angle de contact entre 60° et 120°, particulièrement d'environ 100°.
23. Procédé selon l'une au moins des revendications 15 à 22, caractérisé par le fait que des quantités complémentaires de liquide de traitement sont appliquées sur une nappe déjà imprégnée d'un liquide mais pas à saturation, ledit liquide complémentaire représentant soit une valeur prédéterminée par unité de surface, soit le complément à un poids total déterminé par unité de surface.
24. Modification du procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé par le fait qu'une distribution de liquide statistiquement irrégulière est réalisée à la surface du rouleau applicateur, en dérangeant le film sur le rouleau applicateur de manière aléatoire, afin d'obtenir des effets d'irrégularités sur la nappe.
25. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 à 24, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un liquide satisfaisant au test de formation de film sur les rouleaux d'acier lisses défini dans la description.
26. Procédé selon la revendication 25, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un liquide satisfaisant également au test de "mousse" décrit dans la description de telle manière que la mousse ne dépasse pas la valeur de 350, et que les trois valeurs formant ledit total soient décroissantes.
EP83810466A 1983-10-07 1983-10-07 Installation et procédé d'application contrôlée de liquides sur une nappe absorbante Expired EP0137089B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83810466A EP0137089B1 (fr) 1983-10-07 1983-10-07 Installation et procédé d'application contrôlée de liquides sur une nappe absorbante
DE8383810466T DE3377422D1 (en) 1983-10-07 1983-10-07 Device and process for applying metered bath quantities on an absorptive material web
AT83810466T ATE35830T1 (de) 1983-10-07 1983-10-07 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum aufbringen geregelter mengen an flotte auf eine aufnahmefaehige materialbahn.
US06/657,900 US4672705A (en) 1983-10-07 1984-10-05 Process for applying controlled amounts of liquids to a receptive material web

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83810466A EP0137089B1 (fr) 1983-10-07 1983-10-07 Installation et procédé d'application contrôlée de liquides sur une nappe absorbante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0137089A1 EP0137089A1 (fr) 1985-04-17
EP0137089B1 true EP0137089B1 (fr) 1988-07-20

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EP (1) EP0137089B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE35830T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3377422D1 (fr)

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US4672705A (en) 1987-06-16
EP0137089A1 (fr) 1985-04-17
ATE35830T1 (de) 1988-08-15
DE3377422D1 (en) 1988-08-25

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