EP0133557B1 - Clé à cliquet pour serrer des vis - Google Patents

Clé à cliquet pour serrer des vis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0133557B1
EP0133557B1 EP84109231A EP84109231A EP0133557B1 EP 0133557 B1 EP0133557 B1 EP 0133557B1 EP 84109231 A EP84109231 A EP 84109231A EP 84109231 A EP84109231 A EP 84109231A EP 0133557 B1 EP0133557 B1 EP 0133557B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wrench
head
wrench head
angle
driven shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84109231A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0133557A1 (fr
Inventor
Oskar Mohilo
Eberhard Dr. Dipl.Ing. Mayer
Jürgen Koltermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Staiger Mohilo and Co GmbH
BELZER DOWIDAT GmbH
Original Assignee
Dr Staiger Mohilo and Co GmbH
BELZER DOWIDAT GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Staiger Mohilo and Co GmbH, BELZER DOWIDAT GmbH filed Critical Dr Staiger Mohilo and Co GmbH
Publication of EP0133557A1 publication Critical patent/EP0133557A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0133557B1 publication Critical patent/EP0133557B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1422—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
    • B25B23/1425—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by electrical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ratchet hand wrench for tightening screws, with a key head, from the underside of which an output shaft protrudes, a first sensor for the tightening torque, a second sensor for the angle of rotation, an optical detector connected to the key head and one with optically recognizable markings Impulse wheel, an evaluation electronics coupled to the first and the second transducer, which triggers an optical and / or acoustic signal when the tightening values defined for the screw to be tightened are reached, and an angle transmitter arm that can be rotated relative to the key head and is provided with a support foot that is used to fix the Angle of rotation reference size can be fixed via the support foot.
  • Such a ratchet hand wrench is known from DE-A 2932044.
  • This hand key has a key head with an output shaft which protrudes from the underside of the key head.
  • a first sensor for the angle of rotation is located on the hand wrench.
  • the transducers are connected to evaluation electronics, which trigger an optical signal when the measured values for the angle of rotation and the torque match the preset target values.
  • the angle of rotation sensor is located above the key head and consists of a rotary potentiometer, the resistance part of which is non-rotatably connected to the key head.
  • the tap arm of the rotary potentiometer is connected to an angle encoder arm which is designed as a relatively rigid cable.
  • the free end of the cable is attached to a fixed reference part, so that it does not change its position when the key is turned and thus the tap arm of the potentiometer is also held in a fixed position.
  • the angle of rotation is determined on the basis of the change in resistance due to the relative movement between the tapping arm and the resistance body.
  • the extent to which the resistance part of the potentiometer can move relative to the fixed tapping arm when the key is turned is determined and predetermined by the length of the resistance part. Therefore, the hand wrench cannot be turned over any area. Since the angle encoder arm acts on the tap arm above the key head, a tilting movement of the key head causes a change in the position of the angle encoder arm and key head. This also changes the position of the tap arm relative to the resistance part of the potentiometer, so that a misalignment is measured.
  • the rotary potentiometer instead of the rotary potentiometer, it is also possible to use a measurement sensor which has an optical detector connected to the key head and a pulse wheel provided with optically recognizable markings.
  • the position of the impulse wheel must not change when the key is turned.
  • the impulse wheel is designed as a disk with high inertia, which is mounted on the key head with low friction.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a ratchet hand wrench in which the angle of rotation is measured exactly and which is easy to use by hand.
  • the angle transmitter arm is arranged below the key head, that the detector is arranged on the underside of the key head and the pulse wheel is rotatably coupled to the angle transmitter arm, that the evaluation electronics consist of a freely programmable microprocessor, in which a keyboard is used Numerical values and / or instructions can be entered and are assigned to the memory for the input and the respective screw connection values as well as a display for the inputs and / or missing entries, the display showing the user the respective screw connection state while tightening the screw, and that in the extension of the output shaft above the key head, a support head for gripping by hand is rotatably mounted.
  • a freely programmable microprocessor in which a keyboard is used Numerical values and / or instructions can be entered and are assigned to the memory for the input and the respective screw connection values as well as a display for the inputs and / or missing entries, the display showing the user the respective screw connection state while tightening the screw, and that in the extension of the output shaft above the key head, a support head for
  • the angle transmitter arm is arranged below the key head and is coupled to the impulse wheel in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the detector which turns when the hand key is rotated relative to the pulse wheel, which is fixed in place due to the angle encoder arm fixed to a reference part. In this way, the angle of rotation can be detected exactly.
  • the angle transmitter arm When tightening a screw with the hand wrench according to the invention, the angle transmitter arm is due to its arrangement below the key head, approximately at the level of the head of the screw to be tightened.
  • the lateral tilting of the key head around the screw head (pendulum movements) that may occur during screwing cannot therefore affect the position of the angle encoder arm, so that angle measurement errors are largely excluded.
  • a holding force can be applied to the key head when a screw is tightened via the ball-bearing support head. This prevents the key head from tilting when tightening, so that the tightening force is almost completely converted into a tightening torque. Because of the ball bearings, there are no additional moments when the support head is supported by hand and therefore no measurement errors due to the additional moments.
  • the handheld key according to the invention is characterized by simple operation, even without operating instructions, since the built-in microprocessor on the display indicates the missing entries in response to a keyword.
  • an objective quality assessment of the screw connection which is displayed to the user and can be documented, is guaranteed by entering setpoints and tolerance limits in the microprocessor via the keyboard and by storing these values.
  • a reflex probe 4 is attached to the underside of the head 1 of the ratchet hand wrench 3 provided with an actuating arm 2, which is embodied in the exemplary embodiment by a small semiconductor light-emitting diode 4 '(as a transmitter) and a photo transistor 4 "as a receiver having a reflective light barrier (See Fig. 3)
  • a pulse wheel 6 is attached to the base 5 of the key 3, which is rotatable relative to the output.
  • the radiation plane of the reflex probe is axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flats 7 having the key output surface 8. Accordingly, the pulse wheel 6 assigned to the reflex probe 4 is cylindrical in shape and provided with an axially parallel line division 9.
  • a support head 11 is rotatably mounted on the end of the output shaft 8 projecting upward above the ratchet head 1 by means of a ball bearing 12.
  • the support head is expediently latched by known means for the slight tightening of the screw with the output shaft.
  • the support button 11 can be removed in cramped conditions or placed on an extension. The lateral force applied via the support button in response to the tensile force on the handle largely ensures that the force is applied centrally, so that measurement errors due to additional moments are eliminated.
  • the rotation angle measuring device works as follows:
  • the ratchet 13 is fixed when the screw, not shown here, is tightened. Therefore, the reflex probe 4 rotates with the actuating arm 2 of the key and the output shaft 8 by the same angle as the screw.
  • Base 5 and impulse wheel 6 stand still. This creates a relative movement between the reflex probe 4 and the pulse wheel 6, with the result of a pulse generation for the rotation angle measurement.
  • the pulses obtained are fed to a microprocessor via a suitable pulse shaper.
  • This counter visor also prevents a possible flexibility of the ratchet in the measurement result.
  • the generation of angular pulses during the catch-up process can be suppressed and the angle of rotation of the output shaft based on the base can be measured directly.
  • the device for torque measurement which preferably consists of a strain gauge bridge (DMS bridge) 15 and an A / D converter 16, is arranged in the hand wrench (see FIG. 3).
  • DMS bridge strain gauge bridge
  • a / D converter 16 A / D converter
  • the base 5 can be laid down using an extension sleeve 18.
  • the extension sleeve 18 is firmly connected to the base 5.
  • the extension sleeve 18 is provided with a second base 5 ′ which is engaged by the second holding fork 10 ′, which is connected to the support reference point 19 via a shaft.
  • the light beam emitted by the semiconductor diode 4 ' for example in the form of a GaAs diode, reaches the impulse wheel 6 via the counter diaphragm 14 and from there, according to the line division, to a photo, for example transistor-designed receiver 4 "is thrown back.
  • a photo for example transistor-designed receiver 4 "is thrown back.
  • the torque values determined with the aid of the strain gauge measuring bridge 15 are converted to the A / D converter 16 Microprocessor fed.
  • the microprocessor is equipped with a keyboard 23, by means of which the desired data (setpoints, limit values, tightening method, etc.) can be entered; (Default values).
  • a corresponding quartz clock 25 is assigned to the microprocessor.
  • the stored values can be called up at any time, for example when all screw connections on a vehicle have been completed.
  • a data memory 26 is also connected to the microprocessor. The data including a previously entered code for the operator and the customer order can be called up if necessary, for example during the times when the hand key is not required and is in a storage position (breaks in operation).
  • the data entry can directly result in a control strip print or be saved in general data processing systems in order to be documented on the accompanying documents of the product.
  • a printer is designated 27 in FIG. 3.
  • An alpha-numerical display 29 is assigned to the microprocessor 22 built into the hand key, on which the microprocessor uses a keyword to indicate the next entries that are still missing. This ensures safe operation even without instructions for use.
  • the display can be made by a bar, the length of which corresponds to the current tightening phase. Another possibility is to assign certain colored light signals to the individual tightening phases. For example, phase 1 can be made visible by a lamp 30 emitting permanent yellow light and the second phase by the same lamp in flashing mode. To identify the third phase, a further lamp 31 is provided, which flashes green alternately with lamp 30, so that yellow flashes alternately with green.
  • the fourth phase is assigned the lamp 31 with continuous green light.
  • a lamp 32 with a permanent red light is recommended.
  • microprocessor 22 can also work on an acoustic signal generator 33, which makes the individual phases recognizable by signals through different frequencies and repetition times.
  • the support surface of the hand key is designed so that the key, while it is stored, enables various additional functions to be carried out.
  • the batteries installed in the key can be charged via a line leading to the charger. However, it is also possible to charge the batteries inductively.
  • the data stored in the microprocessor can be queried or printed out and new data can be entered into the microprocessor or into the memory or memories.
  • the actuating arm 2 or the handle tube can be made telescopically extendable.
  • the default values are theoretically derived mathematically from the entered nominal or limit values for torque and angle, so that no additional operation is required.
  • the hand key contains a socket 35 in the handle part 2 ', into which a plug 37 connected to a lead 36 can be inserted for charging the batteries in the key.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Clé à main à cliquet pour serrer des vis, comportant une tête de clé (1) de la face inférieure de laquelle sort un arbre de sortie (8),
un premier détecteur de valeur de mesure pour le couple de serrage,
un second détecteur de valeur de mesure pour l'angle de rotation, qui présente un détecteur optique (4) relié à la tête de clé (1) et une roue à impulsions (6) munie de repères reconnaissables optiquement,
un circuit électronique de traitement qui est couplé avec le premier et avec le second détecteurs de valeur de mesure et qui, lorsque l'on atteint les valeurs de serrage définies pour la vis à serrer, déclenche un signal optique et/ou acoustique, et un bras indicateur angulaire, qui peut tourner par rapport à la tête de clé (1), qui est muni d'un pied d'appui (19) et que l'on peut bloquer par l'intermédiaire du pied d'appui (19) pour établir la valeur de référence angulaire,

caractérisée,
en ce que le bras indicateur angulaire est disposé en-dessous de la tête de clé (1);
en ce que le détecteur (4) est disposé sur la face inférieure de la tête de clé (1); et en ce que la roue à impulsions (6) est couplée solidairement en rotation avec le bras indicateur angulaire;
en ce que le circuit électronique de traitement est constitué d'un microprocesseur (22) librement programmable, dans lequel on peut entrer des valeurs numériques et/ou des instructions par l'intermédiaire d'un clavier (23) et auquel correspondent une mémoire (24, 26) pour les valeurs entrées et les valeurs de vissage respectives, ainsi qu'un écran de visualisation (29) pour les entrées et/ou les entrées qui manquent encore, étant précisé que l'écran de visualisation (29) indique à l'opérateur, pendant le serrage de la vis, l'état de vissage respectif; et
en ce que, dans le prolongement de l'arbre de sortie, au-dessus de la tête de clé (1), peut tourillonner une tête d'appui (11) à saisir avec la main.
2. Clé à main selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le bras indicateur angulaire est relié avec articulation et par l'intermédiaire d'une chape de fixation (10), à une base (5) qui peut tourner par rapport à la tête de clé (1) et à l'arbre de sortie (8) et à laquelle est fixée la roue à impulsions (6).
3. Clé à main selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la base (5) est prolongée par une douille de prolongement (18) dans laquelle est disposé un arbre de sortie de prolongement (8) coaxial, enfiché sur l'arbre de sortie (8).
4. Clé à main selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'entre le détecteur (4) et la roue à impulsions (6) est prévu un diaphragme (14) de forme cylindrique, disposé coaxialement à la roue à impulsions (6) et relié, solidairement en rotation, avec l'arbre de sortie (8).
5. Clé à main selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur (4) est une barrière photoélectrique par réflexion constituée d'une diode luminescente (4') et d'un phototransistor (4"), avec un plan de faisceau courant parallèlement à l'axe de la clé, et en ce que la roue à impulsions (6} est un cylindre muni de repères de graduation (9).
6. Clé à main selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la tête d'appui (11) est disposée de façon à pouvoir s'enlever et à pouvoir être bloquée sur l'arbre de sortie (8).
7. Clé à main selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le microprocesseur (22) est disposé dans, ou sur, une poignée (2) qui s'écarte de la tête de clé.
8. Clé à main selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le microprocesseur (22) est relié à plusieurs lampes- témoins de couleurs différentes (30, 31, 32) qui indiquent l'état de vissage respectif et/ou à un émetteur de signaux acoustiques (33) qui indique l'état de vissage respectif.
9. Clé à main selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que dans ou sur une poignée (2) qui s'écarte de la tête de clé (1) est logée une batterie qui fournit de l'énergie pour le circuit électronique de traitement et pour les détecteurs de valeurs de mesure.
10. Clé à main selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le premier détecteur de mesure présente un point à jauges extensométriques (15) et un transducteur analogique-numérique (16).
EP84109231A 1983-08-09 1984-08-03 Clé à cliquet pour serrer des vis Expired EP0133557B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3328673 1983-08-09
DE3328673 1983-08-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0133557A1 EP0133557A1 (fr) 1985-02-27
EP0133557B1 true EP0133557B1 (fr) 1988-01-07

Family

ID=6206107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84109231A Expired EP0133557B1 (fr) 1983-08-09 1984-08-03 Clé à cliquet pour serrer des vis

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4608872A (fr)
EP (1) EP0133557B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3468358D1 (fr)

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EP0369188B1 (fr) * 1988-10-27 1995-12-27 Texas Instruments Incorporated Système pour communication, information, diagnostic de maintenance et entraînement
DE3840684A1 (de) * 1988-12-02 1990-06-07 Jomi Trust Reg Drehmomentschluessel und vorrichtung zu seinem einstellen und/oder eichen
US4958541A (en) * 1989-10-13 1990-09-25 Snap-On Tools Corporation Electronic torque wrench with tactile indication
DE4039794A1 (de) * 1990-12-13 1992-06-17 Forst Saltus Werk Drehmomentschluessel
US5388478A (en) * 1992-09-04 1995-02-14 Barnes Group, Inc. Torque wrench having a rapid traverse adapter and a method for its use
WO1993006969A2 (fr) * 1991-10-11 1993-04-15 Barnes Group Inc. Cle dynamometrique a declenchement
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DE4336465A1 (de) * 1993-10-26 1995-04-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Schlag- oder Impulsschraubverfahren
DE4312161A1 (de) * 1993-04-14 1994-10-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektrogerät, insbesondere Heimwerker-Elektrogerät
US5890406A (en) * 1994-08-09 1999-04-06 Jane Figueiredo Electronic torque limiting and parts marking wrench
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DE29615123U1 (de) * 1996-08-30 1998-01-08 Eduard Wille Gmbh & Co, 42349 Wuppertal Elektronischer Meßschlüssel
DE19637067A1 (de) * 1996-09-12 1998-03-19 Saltus Werk Max Forst Gmbh Drehmomentschlüssel
DE20111326U1 (de) * 2001-07-07 2001-09-27 Wagner Paul Heinz Hydraulischer Kraftschrauber
WO2003006208A1 (fr) * 2001-07-07 2003-01-23 Paul-Heinz Wagner Visseuse fonctionnant sous pression et pourvue d'une section de mesure
DE102004047232A1 (de) * 2004-09-29 2006-04-06 Bosch Rexroth Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeug mit Signalgeber
JP4435012B2 (ja) * 2005-04-07 2010-03-17 京都機械工具株式会社 トルクレンチ
US20060243464A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Torque and angular rotation measurement device and method
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DE102009045945A1 (de) * 2009-10-23 2011-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrowerkzeugmaschine mit Ultraschallanregung
CN104260027A (zh) * 2014-07-15 2015-01-07 国家电网公司 一种高空作业用可记录数据的力矩扳手
DK3085311T3 (en) * 2015-04-21 2019-03-25 Oticon Medical As INDICATOR FOR INSTALLING A MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
CN110715636A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2020-01-21 西安航天动力测控技术研究所 用于提高三坐标机检测电机零件同轴度效率的工装及方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4608872A (en) 1986-09-02
EP0133557A1 (fr) 1985-02-27
DE3468358D1 (en) 1988-02-11

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