EP0129081A1 - Amorces exemptes de plomb et de barium - Google Patents

Amorces exemptes de plomb et de barium Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0129081A1
EP0129081A1 EP84105762A EP84105762A EP0129081A1 EP 0129081 A1 EP0129081 A1 EP 0129081A1 EP 84105762 A EP84105762 A EP 84105762A EP 84105762 A EP84105762 A EP 84105762A EP 0129081 A1 EP0129081 A1 EP 0129081A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lead
barium
weight
primers
zinc peroxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84105762A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0129081B1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Dr. Hagel
Klaus Dr. Redecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP0129081A1 publication Critical patent/EP0129081A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0129081B1 publication Critical patent/EP0129081B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers

Definitions

  • the subject of the present application are primers with reduced pollutant emissions.
  • the emission of lead and its compounds is completely excluded in these sets, since they contain no lead compounds.
  • these sets can be used for variable insulation.
  • the known ignition charges contain lead salts as initial explosives, which are derived from di- and trinitroresorcinol, trinitrophenols or hydrochloric acid. Ignition charges are also known, the double salts of lead, e.g. Lead nitrate hypophosphite.
  • Barium compounds in the oxidation of ignition often as materials in the form of barium nitrate or barium peroxide, a g e-sets, the after burning also contaminate the air and bring health hazards of the shooting staff in said shooting ranges with it.
  • primers from initial explosives in a mixture with oxidizing agents have now been found, which are characterized in that they contain diazodinitrophenol and / or strontium salts of mono- and / or dinitrodihydroxidiazobenzene as initial explosives and zinc peroxide as an oxidizing agent.
  • the primers according to the invention even if they contain diazodinitrophenol as an initial explosive, can be used with no or only a slight insulation.
  • diazodinitrophenol-zinc peroxide primers are particularly well suited for the highly self-insulated AmboB primer systems, although the diazodinitrophenol has only a low bulk density, which previously prevented the use of this compound in primers. In ignition systems with less eiren insulation or in which the compression of the diazodinitrophenol (diazole) is not for one
  • the diazole is partially or completely replaced by the strontium salts of mono- or dinitrodihydroxidiazobenzene, also referred to below as strontium diazinate.
  • strontium diazinate By varying the diazinate content, it is possible to produce primer sets that allow complete ignition at any compression or insulation.
  • the proportion of the mixture of diazole / diazinate in the ignition kits according to the invention can vary between 10 and 70% by weight, depending on the purpose for which the kit is used.
  • the two components can be in any relation to each other; if necessary, one of these two initial explosives may also be completely missing from the set.
  • the diazinates used according to the invention are described in DE-OS 28 06 599. Methods for their production are also specified there. The connections themselves should only be handled together with suitable passivators. This applies particularly to the potassium salt, which must not be adjusted without the use of a suitable passivator. Strontium sulfate or strontium oxalate is recommended as a passivator for the strontium salt.
  • Zinc peroxide is used as the oxidizing agent in the ignition kits according to the invention. This preferably has an active oxygen content of more than 12.3%. The production of such zinc peroxide is described in DE-PS 29 52 069.
  • the amount of zinc p eroxid in the ignition charges according to the invention may vary between 10 and 70 wt .-%.
  • the zinc peroxide can be used both in fine-grained condition and coarse-grained. Fine grain zinc peroxide with an average grain size of approx. 10 ⁇ m is preferably used when the primers are used as compressed charges, while coarse-grained zinc peroxide with an average grain size of around 30 ⁇ m is particularly suitable for less densely compressed charges, eg in rimfire sets.
  • the ignition charges according to the invention can contain tetrazene as an additional sensitizer up to an amount such that the tetrazene content in the total mixture is at most 30% by weight.
  • the primers according to the invention can also additionally contain reducing agents or other components which contribute to the implementation, as well as friction agents and other inert substances.
  • Suitable reducing agents are the reducing agents known per se in ignition kits, which improve the ignition ability and in some cases also increase the mechanical sensitivity.
  • Suitable substances are e.g. Metal powder from titanium, zirconium, magnesium, cerium magnesium, cerium silicon or aluminum-magnesium alloys.
  • Some reducing agents can also perform the function of a friction agent at the same time, e.g. Antimony sulfides or calcium silicides.
  • the proportion of reducing agents in the ignition charge can be 0 to 10% by weight.
  • Friction agents which do not take part in the reaction during the combustion can be present in amounts of up to 35% by weight in the primers according to the invention. Such friction agents are also known per se. Glass powder may be mentioned as an example.
  • secondary explosives are suitable, such as nitrocellulose or pentaerythritol tetranitrate.
  • octogen and amino compounds of nitrated aromatics, for example trinitrobenzene, such as mono-, di- or triaminotrinitrobenzene or diaminohexanitrodiphenyl, and the acylation products of these compounds, such as hexanitrooxanilide or hexanitrodiphenylurea.
  • These secondary explosives also include, for example, hexanitrostilbene, hexanitrodiphenyl oxide, hexanitrodiphenyl sulfide, hexanitrodiphenyl sulfone and hexanitrodiphenylamine, and also tetranitrocarbazole, tetranitroacridone or polyvinyl nitrate.
  • the proportion of these substances in the ignition charge can amount to 0 to 30% by weight.
  • Suitable as inert substances are the substances known per se in ignition systems, which are often also used to match the properties of these phrases to the respective intended use. Tin dioxide is an example.
  • the inert substances also include binders, adhesives and dyes, and the passivators already mentioned above.
  • the proportion of the inert substances in the primers according to the invention can be between 0 and 20% by weight
  • the primers according to the invention are produced by methods known per se by sieving the dry or kneading the water-moist mixture.
  • the water-moist mass can be dosed by brushing into perforated plates or by extrusion.
  • This example describes an ignition charge that is used, for example, in the Anvil primers 4.45 mm can be loaded advantageously with good self-insulation.
  • a mixture of 5 parts by weight of tetrazene, 20 parts by weight of diazole, 50 parts by weight of fine-grained zinc peroxide, 5 parts by weight of titanium powder and 20 parts by weight of dibasic ball powder with 22 parts by weight of water is homogenized and by Spread dosed into perforated plates. After loading in primer caps, the capsule is dried, densified and the primer cap is completed. Sensitivity and bombardment results are comparable to those of a known kindling.
  • This example describes an ignition charge that e.g. can be loaded in propellant cartridges 6,8 / 11 with low self-insulation.
  • Sensitivity and driving performance correspond to that of conventional ammunition.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
EP84105762A 1983-06-18 1984-05-19 Amorces exemptes de plomb et de barium Expired EP0129081B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3321943 1983-06-18
DE19833321943 DE3321943A1 (de) 1983-06-18 1983-06-18 Blei- und bariumfreie anzuendsaetze

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0129081A1 true EP0129081A1 (fr) 1984-12-27
EP0129081B1 EP0129081B1 (fr) 1987-09-30

Family

ID=6201742

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84105762A Expired EP0129081B1 (fr) 1983-06-18 1984-05-19 Amorces exemptes de plomb et de barium

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US4581082A (fr)
EP (1) EP0129081B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6011291A (fr)
AU (1) AU575565B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8402923A (fr)
CA (1) CA1220342A (fr)
DD (1) DD220301A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3321943A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI79519C (fr)
GR (1) GR74365B (fr)
IL (1) IL72119A (fr)
MX (1) MX161714A (fr)
PT (1) PT78748B (fr)
RU (2) RU2053212C1 (fr)
YU (1) YU43364B (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2612177A1 (fr) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-16 Dynamit Nobel Ag Compositions d'allumage pouvant etre allumees electriquement, pour munitions sans etui et cartouches propulsives
EP0440873A2 (fr) * 1990-01-10 1991-08-14 Blount, Inc. Composition de charge d'amorçage améliorée
EP0704415A1 (fr) * 1994-08-27 1996-04-03 Eley Limited Charge d'amorçage
EP0737174A1 (fr) * 1993-12-01 1996-10-16 Olin Corporation Compose d'amor age sans plomb pour amorce a percussion
DE19540278A1 (de) * 1995-10-28 1997-04-30 Dynamit Nobel Ag Blei- und Barium-freie Anzündsätze
WO1999048842A1 (fr) * 1998-03-20 1999-09-30 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Explosifs d'amorçage et amorces pouvant etre amorces par declenchement electrique
WO2000066517A1 (fr) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-09 Hirtenberger Aktiengesellschaft Melange de mise a feu
EP1443034A3 (fr) * 2003-01-30 2004-09-29 Olin Corporation Mélange explosif sans plomb et non toxique

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2313371B (en) * 1990-04-04 1998-02-18 Breed Automotive Tech A high temperature stable,low input energy primer/detonator
US5216199A (en) * 1991-07-08 1993-06-01 Blount, Inc. Lead-free primed rimfire cartridge
US5167736A (en) * 1991-11-04 1992-12-01 Olin Corporation Nontoxic priming mix
US5567252A (en) * 1992-01-09 1996-10-22 Olin Corporation Nontoxic priming mix
IT1266171B1 (it) * 1994-07-15 1996-12-23 Europa Metalli Sezione Difesa Miscela innescante esente da materiali tossici ed innesco a percussione per cartucce utilizzante tale miscela.
US5466315A (en) * 1994-09-06 1995-11-14 Federal-Hoffman, Inc. Non-toxic primer for center-fire cartridges
DE19548544A1 (de) * 1995-12-23 1997-06-26 Dynamit Nobel Ag Initialsprengstoff-freie Anzündmischung
US5811725A (en) * 1996-11-18 1998-09-22 Aerojet-General Corporation Hybrid rocket propellants containing azo compounds
DE19901988A1 (de) * 1999-01-20 2000-08-03 Dynamit Nobel Ag Knallpatronen und Treibkartuschen
US6478903B1 (en) 2000-10-06 2002-11-12 Ra Brands, Llc Non-toxic primer mix
US6544363B1 (en) 2000-10-30 2003-04-08 Federal Cartridge Company Non-toxic, heavy-metal-free shotshell primer mix
AT410315B (de) * 2001-11-14 2003-03-25 Josef Koehler Signaturarmer und schadstoffreduzierter, pyrotechnischer darstellungskörper
US7216708B1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2007-05-15 Bond Lesley O Reactive stimulation of oil and gas wells
US7165614B1 (en) 2003-09-12 2007-01-23 Bond Lesley O Reactive stimulation of oil and gas wells
US8784583B2 (en) * 2004-01-23 2014-07-22 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Priming mixtures for small arms
US20060219341A1 (en) 2005-03-30 2006-10-05 Johnston Harold E Heavy metal free, environmentally green percussion primer and ordnance and systems incorporating same
US8641842B2 (en) 2011-08-31 2014-02-04 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus, a method of forming same, and an ordnance element including the same
US8540828B2 (en) 2008-08-19 2013-09-24 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions and an ordnance element including the same
US7857921B2 (en) * 2006-03-02 2010-12-28 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions
US8192568B2 (en) * 2007-02-09 2012-06-05 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same
CA2942312C (fr) 2007-02-09 2019-05-28 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Amorces a percussion non toxiques et procedes de preparation de celles-ci
US8206522B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2012-06-26 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Non-toxic, heavy-metal free sensitized explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE350564C (de) * 1920-03-27 1922-03-22 Erwin Ott Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von Initialzuendmitteln und von Treib- und Sprengmitteln
GB2014569A (en) * 1978-02-16 1979-08-30 Dynamit Nobel Ag Mononitro-and dinitro dihydroxy diazobenzenes and their salts
EP0031045A2 (fr) * 1979-12-22 1981-07-01 Hüls Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft Utilisation du peroxyde de zinc comme oxydant pour explosifs et compositions pyrotechniques

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862866A (en) * 1971-08-02 1975-01-28 Specialty Products Dev Corp Gas generator composition and method
JPS50105808A (fr) * 1974-01-28 1975-08-20
US4209351A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-06-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ambient cured smokeless liner/inhibitor for propellants

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE350564C (de) * 1920-03-27 1922-03-22 Erwin Ott Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von Initialzuendmitteln und von Treib- und Sprengmitteln
GB2014569A (en) * 1978-02-16 1979-08-30 Dynamit Nobel Ag Mononitro-and dinitro dihydroxy diazobenzenes and their salts
EP0031045A2 (fr) * 1979-12-22 1981-07-01 Hüls Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft Utilisation du peroxyde de zinc comme oxydant pour explosifs et compositions pyrotechniques

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2612177A1 (fr) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-16 Dynamit Nobel Ag Compositions d'allumage pouvant etre allumees electriquement, pour munitions sans etui et cartouches propulsives
EP0440873A2 (fr) * 1990-01-10 1991-08-14 Blount, Inc. Composition de charge d'amorçage améliorée
EP0440873A3 (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-12-11 Blount, Inc. Improved primer composition
EP0737174A1 (fr) * 1993-12-01 1996-10-16 Olin Corporation Compose d'amor age sans plomb pour amorce a percussion
EP0737174A4 (fr) * 1993-12-01 1997-04-16 Olin Corp Compose d'amor age sans plomb pour amorce a percussion
EP0704415A1 (fr) * 1994-08-27 1996-04-03 Eley Limited Charge d'amorçage
US5538569A (en) * 1994-08-27 1996-07-23 Eley Limited Primer compositions containing dinitrobenzofuroxan compounds
DE19540278A1 (de) * 1995-10-28 1997-04-30 Dynamit Nobel Ag Blei- und Barium-freie Anzündsätze
WO1997016397A1 (fr) * 1995-10-28 1997-05-09 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Composes inflammateurs exempts de plomb et de baryum
WO1999048842A1 (fr) * 1998-03-20 1999-09-30 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Explosifs d'amorçage et amorces pouvant etre amorces par declenchement electrique
WO2000066517A1 (fr) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-09 Hirtenberger Aktiengesellschaft Melange de mise a feu
EP1443034A3 (fr) * 2003-01-30 2004-09-29 Olin Corporation Mélange explosif sans plomb et non toxique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6011291A (ja) 1985-01-21
DE3321943C2 (fr) 1987-08-20
GR74365B (fr) 1984-06-28
IL72119A (en) 1987-10-20
FI79519B (fi) 1989-09-29
YU104284A (en) 1986-10-31
RU2071960C1 (ru) 1997-01-20
YU43364B (en) 1989-06-30
DE3321943A1 (de) 1984-12-20
PT78748A (en) 1984-07-01
EP0129081B1 (fr) 1987-09-30
FI842437A0 (fi) 1984-06-15
RU2053212C1 (ru) 1996-01-27
FI842437A (fi) 1984-12-19
BR8402923A (pt) 1985-05-28
CA1220342A (fr) 1987-04-14
FI79519C (fi) 1990-01-10
US4581082A (en) 1986-04-08
MX161714A (es) 1990-12-18
AU2940384A (en) 1984-12-20
DE3466526D1 (en) 1987-11-05
AU575565B2 (en) 1988-08-04
DD220301A5 (de) 1985-03-27
PT78748B (en) 1986-07-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0129081B1 (fr) Amorces exemptes de plomb et de barium
EP0031045B1 (fr) Utilisation du peroxyde de zinc comme oxydant pour explosifs et compositions pyrotechniques
EP0800496B1 (fr) Composes inflammateurs exempts de plomb et de baryum
DE60116453T2 (de) Nicht-toxische Zündmittelmischung
DE3616004C2 (de) Zündmittel-Zusammensetzung
DE3031369C2 (de) Pyrotechnische Ladung aus Nebelsatz und Anzündsatz und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Nebelmischung und des Anzündsatzes
EP2027080B1 (fr) Composition d'allumage
DE3707694C2 (fr)
DE3326884A1 (de) Verfahren zum verdecken sichtbarer und infraroter strahlung und nebelmunition zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
DE69629492T2 (de) Bleifreie zündmittelzusammensetzung
DE60011109T2 (de) Nicht-toxische und nicht-korrosive anzündmischung
DE19606237A1 (de) Blei- und Barium-freie, ungiftige Zündmischungen mit Zinnoxid als Hauptoxidationsmittel
DE3243425C2 (fr)
EP2352710B1 (fr) Compositions d'amorçage avec une puissance d'amorçage améliorée
DE3242106C1 (de) Treibladungsmassen für Rohrwaffen
DE4342428A1 (de) Geschützmunition mit einer verbrennbaren Treibladungshülse
WO2000066517A1 (fr) Melange de mise a feu
DE10164381B4 (de) Signaturarmer und schadstoffreduzierter, pyrotechnischer Darstellungskörper
EP1616845B1 (fr) Poudre propulsive pouvant être versée
EP0656332A1 (fr) Amorçage à percussion pour armes à feu portatives, procédé pour sa préparation ainsi que son application
DE4215211C2 (de) Zündmasse für Zündhölzer
DE1942207A1 (de) Zeitzuenderladung
DE1805358C3 (de) Zündmittelgemisch für Feststofftreibladungen
AT126150B (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Initialzündsätzen, welche kolloidale Silber- und Quecksilberazide in lockerer, nicht zusammenbackender Form enthalten.
DE310844C (fr)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19850524

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19860602

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO ROMA S.P.A.

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3466526

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19871105

ET Fr: translation filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
BECN Be: change of holder's name

Effective date: 19870930

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: HUELS TROISDORF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: DYNAMIT NOBEL AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

NLT2 Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin

Owner name: HUELS TROISDORF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT TE TROISDORF, B

NLT2 Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin

Owner name: DYNAMIT NOBEL AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT TE TROISDORF, BON

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
BECN Be: change of holder's name

Effective date: 19880316

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19920506

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19920531

Year of fee payment: 9

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19930519

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19931201

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
ITTA It: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 84105762.3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20030422

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20030428

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20030505

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20030512

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20030512

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20030724

Year of fee payment: 20

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20040518

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20040518

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20040518

BE20 Be: patent expired

Owner name: *DYNAMIT NOBEL A.G.

Effective date: 20040519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed