EP0125157B1 - Chemischer Sauerstofferzeuger für Atmungsgerät - Google Patents

Chemischer Sauerstofferzeuger für Atmungsgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0125157B1
EP0125157B1 EP84400669A EP84400669A EP0125157B1 EP 0125157 B1 EP0125157 B1 EP 0125157B1 EP 84400669 A EP84400669 A EP 84400669A EP 84400669 A EP84400669 A EP 84400669A EP 0125157 B1 EP0125157 B1 EP 0125157B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiators
housing
cartridge
perforated
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84400669A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0125157A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Malafosse
Gérard Varlot
Michel Pierre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of EP0125157A1 publication Critical patent/EP0125157A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B21/00—Devices for producing oxygen from chemical substances for respiratory apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a breathing apparatus with chemical generation of oxygen, of the cartridge type intended to receive an absorbent mass in the form of pellets, such as potassium superoxide possibly added with an oxide or hydroxide of alkaline earth metal or potassium. , in particular cartridges working at a high kinetic level.
  • GB-A-671 107 describes a filter for a breathing apparatus comprising several layers of peroxide compound.
  • the peroxide layers are separated by a metal grid, springs holding them in place at the bottom and the gases being introduced via a central tube.
  • US-A-3,767,367 proposes a cartridge for regenerating exhaled gases which can be incorporated into an individual breathing apparatus, which comprises at the bottom a self-supporting vault constituted by a filter maintaining the charge of regeneration.
  • FR-A-2 442 637 describes an air purification cartridge of complex structure, constituted by baskets, containing the regenerative charge, in which the gas circulates radially, said baskets being arranged on each side of a central tube which constitutes the exhaust pipe of the regenerated air.
  • the central tube is perforated along its length in contact with the baskets.
  • the entry of gases is through a non-central tube, representing the top of the cartridge.
  • the gas circulation in the cartridge is first of all horizontal in a chamber above the load baskets, then the exhaled gas enters through an opening, circulates in chimneys formed between the external wall of the cartridge and the perforated walls of the baskets, then the gas flows radially through the regenerative charge and after purification rises through the central tube.
  • US-A-4,193,966 describes a cartridge with vertical gas circulation, filled with a layer of absorbent material; the cartridge is provided with disk-shaped moisture condensers fixed by lugs to the walls thereof.
  • a device is generally designed to meet the respiratory needs of a man performing a given level of effort for a specific period of time.
  • Respirators with chemical oxygen generation are sometimes subjected to intensive regeneration conditions when the respiratory level reaches a flow rate higher than 35 liters per minute (and even 70 liters / minute, for a few minutes for carbon dioxide contents included between 4 and 5%).
  • the solid reagent particles based on potassium superoxide are the seat of the reactions of the superoxide with carbon dioxide and with water vapor. These oxygen-releasing reactions are very exothermic, subjecting the reagent particles to very high temperatures of up to 200 to 300 ° C.
  • a metallic cartridge has been found for breathing apparatuses with chemical generation of oxygen, working at high respiratory levels, provided with internal arrangements which, by promoting the partial elimination towards the outside of the heat. cleared, leads to optimal use of thick beds of pure potassium superoxide or mixtures based on potassium superoxide possibly containing calcium oxide.
  • This chemical oxygen generation breathing cartridge consists of a housing allowing vertical circulation from bottom to top of the gases to be regenerated, said housing being intended to receive an absorbent regenerative charge in the form of pellets, and said housing comprising in addition to a vertical central duct for the intake of the gases to be purified and the radiators.
  • this conduit is constituted by an end piece extended vertically through a perforated upper wall until the bottom of the housing is released at a perforated lower wall, said conduit opening at the center of this perforated lower wall to which it is fixed.
  • a series of radiators parallel to the direction of flow of the gas flows in the regenerative charge is fixed to the walls of the housing and the length of the radiators is between one third and half the spacing between the two perforated upper and lower walls.
  • this respiratory cartridge with vertical gas circulation consisting of a box having an open bottom and a closed bottom
  • the coaxial gas inlet and outlet nozzles are concentrically formed on the upper bottom of the box, l central gas inlet nozzle to be purified being extended in a vertical duct, open at its base, until the bottom of the housing is released at the level of the lower perforated wall supporting the regenerative charge, this inlet duct opening out at the center of this perforated wall to which it is fixed, by welding, stamping ...
  • the gases to be purified flow from bottom to top in the intake duct, then they are distributed in the clearance at the bottom of the housing before passing through the perforated wall carrying the regenerative charge and circulating in it from bottom to top, the regenerated gases passing through the upper perforated wall maintaining the regenerative charge, then escaping through the discharge nozzle.
  • the length of the radiators is advantageously between half and a third of the spacing between the two perforated walls supporting and maintaining the regenerative charge.
  • These internal radiators placed in the upper part of the regenerative charge, on the outlet side of the gas to be treated, are made of materials which are good conductors of heat, such as copper and brass, for example from 0. 5 to 1 mm thick.
  • endothermic transformation materials such as alloys whose melting temperatures are within the operating range of the regenerative charge can be used for the production of radiators.
  • the internal arrangement constituted by the central tube for admitting the gases to be purified is advantageously chosen from heat conductive materials, such as metals such as copper and brass.
  • Comparative figure 1 shows a body of metal case (1) on which is welded, at its upper end, a bottom (2) with a central perforation (2 '). On it is welded, on the outside and in its center, a pierced end piece (3) which can be connected to a tubing of regenerated gases, not shown. At the lower end of the housing, the bottom (4) is welded with a central perforation (4 '). On it, is welded on the outside and in its center, a pierced intake nozzle (5) or tubing d entry of the gas to be regenerated.
  • the regeneration cartridge (6) which has a lower perforated side wall (7), and an upper perforated side wall (8), between which is housed the regenerative charge. Between the bottom bottom (4) and the perforated wall (7) is a clearance from the bottom of the housing (9).
  • the gas to be regenerated is introduced through the lower manifold, passes from bottom to top the regenerative charge and after regeneration is discharged through the upper manifold.
  • Comparative Figure 2 shows a housing body (1) to which are welded, at its upper end, a bottom (2) with a central perforation (2 ') and at its lower end a closed bottom (4).
  • the gases to be purified are introduced into the upper part by the intake nozzle (5) and circulate vertically from top to bottom in the intake duct (5 '), are distributed in the clearance of the bottom of case (9) and attack the potassium superoxide bed from bottom to top, escape through the upper perforated wall (8), circulate in the upper clearance bottom (10) then the coaxial evacuation nozzle ( 3) in the direction of the regenerated gas tube, not shown.
  • Comparative Figures 3 and 3a show a housing of the type of Figure I, comprising as internal arrangement a series of parallel radiators (11) fixed by the welds (12) on the side walls of the housing.
  • the section along line AB shows in FIG. III 'the arrangement of the radiators and their points of insertion on the walls of the housing (12) and of contact between them (13), in particular for radiators in the form of fins.
  • Figure 4 shows a housing of the type of Figure II comprising, in addition, the second internal arrangement consisting of a series of parallel radiators (11) fixed as above. And, in FIG. 4 ′, according to section AB, we can see the distribution of the radiators, their fixing points on the walls of the housing (12) and of contact between them (13), as well as their fixing points ( 14) on the central duct for admitting the gases to be purified (5 ').
  • Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the housing, with the representation of the directions of the gases to be purified and after regeneration, in the case of the association of the central intake duct and the finned radiators, with outlet gas at the top of the cartridge placed in the housing.
  • a 162 cm 2 potassium superoxide bed with rectangular section is used, traversed from bottom to top on expiration by the gas to be purified.
  • the charge used weighing 1600 g, consists of biconcave pellets 9 mm in diameter and 4.5 mm thick made from a mixture based on superoxide containing 70% K0 2 , 10 % CaO, 15% KOH and 0.135% Cu ++ in the form of oxychloride.
  • 1,800 g of potassium superoxide 73.3% K0 2 , 8% CaO and 10 ppm Cu ++ are placed in a 162 cm 2 section cartridge, shown in FIG. 1.
  • the operation is carried out under the same experimental conditions as for the previous examples, but in addition, the cartridge is placed in a case similar to that used in the commercial type respiratory system.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Atempatrone zur chemischen Erzeugung von Sauerstoff (6), die aus einem Gehäuse (1) besteht, welches eine vertikale Zirkulation des zu regenerierenden Gases von unten nach oben erlaubt, wobei das Gehäuse (1) dazu bestimmt ist, eine absorbierende Regenerierungscharge in Form von Pastillen aufzunehmen, und ferner eine vertikale Mitelleitung für die Zuführung von zu reinigendem Gas (5) und Radiatoren (11) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung (5) durch ein Ansatzstück gebildet ist, welches vertikal durch eine obere perforierte Wand (8) bis im Abstand vom Boden (9) des Gehäuses (1) auf der Höhe einer unteren perforierten Wand (7) verlängert ist, wobei die Leitung (5) in der Mitte dieser unteren perforierten Wand (7) mündet, an welcher sie befestigt ist, und daß eine Reihe von parallelen Radiatoren (11) in Richtung der Zirkulation des Gasflusses in der Regenerierungscharge an der Wand des Gehäuses (1) befestigt ist und die Länge der Radiatoren (11) zwischen einem Drittel und der Hälfte des Zwischenraumes zwischen den zwei oberen und unteren perforierten Wänden (7, 8) beträgt, wobei die Radiatoren (11) im oberen Teil der Regenerierungscharge angeordnet sind und die oberen und unteren Wände (7, 8) zwischen sich die Regenerierungscharge halten.
2. Atempatrone zur chemischen Erzeugung von Sauerstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Radiatoren (11) aus einem gut wärmeleitenden Material bestehen.
3. Atempatrone zur chemischen Erzeugung von Sauerstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Radiatoren (11) Flügelform aufweisen.
4. Atempatrone zur chemischen Erzeugung von Sauerstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Radiatoren ein Material für die endotherme Umwandlung aufweisen.
5. Atempatrone zur chemischen Erzeugung von Sauerstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mittelrohr für die Zuführung von zu reinigendem Gas (5 und 5') aus wärmeleitendem Material besteht.
EP84400669A 1983-04-12 1984-04-05 Chemischer Sauerstofferzeuger für Atmungsgerät Expired EP0125157B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8305922A FR2544204B1 (fr) 1983-04-12 1983-04-12 Appareil de respiration a generation chimique d'oxygene
FR8305922 1983-04-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0125157A1 EP0125157A1 (de) 1984-11-14
EP0125157B1 true EP0125157B1 (de) 1987-09-30

Family

ID=9287749

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84400669A Expired EP0125157B1 (de) 1983-04-12 1984-04-05 Chemischer Sauerstofferzeuger für Atmungsgerät

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4717549A (de)
EP (1) EP0125157B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59197258A (de)
DE (1) DE3466480D1 (de)
ES (1) ES286975Y (de)
FR (1) FR2544204B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3612924A1 (de) * 1986-04-17 1987-10-22 Draegerwerk Ag Patrone zur aufbereitung von atemgas
US4963327A (en) * 1988-03-23 1990-10-16 Z-Gard, Inc. Oxygen generating module
DE4437895C1 (de) * 1994-10-22 1996-05-09 Draegerwerk Ag Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Sauerstoff
US6099805A (en) * 1997-07-09 2000-08-08 Trw Inc. Singlet-delta oxygen generator
KR20050121966A (ko) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-28 주식회사 제이씨테크놀로지스 산소발생제 조성물
EP2491997B1 (de) * 2011-02-25 2017-05-10 CareFusion Corporation Gehäuse für eine feste oder fluidische Substanz zur Entfernung eines unerwünschten Atemgasbestandteils aus einem Atemgasstrom und Anordnung zur Beatmung der Lungen eines Patienten
US9119976B2 (en) * 2012-06-28 2015-09-01 Zodiac Aerotechnics Oxygen breathing device and method for maintaining an emergency oxygen system
DE102016217325B4 (de) * 2016-09-12 2020-01-02 Msa Europe Gmbh Patrone und diese enthaltendes Atemschutzgerät

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB671107A (en) * 1950-04-20 1952-04-30 Mine Safety Appliances Co Improvements in or relating to canisters for self-contained breathing apparatus
US2679844A (en) * 1952-03-19 1954-06-01 Mine Safety Appliances Co Breathing apparatus slide valve
US3403981A (en) * 1964-09-22 1968-10-01 Auergesellschaft Gmbh Oxygen producing canister
US3819334A (en) * 1970-10-27 1974-06-25 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Catalytic reaction apparatus for purifying waste gases containing carbon monoxide
JPS5039242B1 (de) * 1970-12-11 1975-12-16
US3874854A (en) * 1973-02-01 1975-04-01 Gen Motors Corp Catalytic converter
US3949053A (en) * 1973-09-14 1976-04-06 Granco Equipment, Inc. Incineration of combustible materials with liquid fuel
DE2702193B2 (de) * 1977-01-20 1979-02-01 Draegerwerk Ag, 2400 Luebeck Atemschutzgerät mit sauerstoffabgebender Chemikalpatrone
US4325364A (en) * 1978-01-10 1982-04-20 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Training breathing apparatus
US4193966A (en) * 1978-06-15 1980-03-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Carbon dioxide absorbent cannister with condensate control
DE2852240C2 (de) * 1978-12-02 1984-05-03 Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck Luftreinigungspatrone für Atemschutzgeräte
DE2908913A1 (de) * 1979-03-07 1980-09-11 Draegerwerk Ag Chemikalpatrone fuer atemschutzgeraete mit starthilfe
IT1162348B (it) * 1979-07-12 1987-03-25 Euratom Sistema integrato per lo scambio termico e l'immagazzinamento di energia termica mediante reazioni temrochimiche a bassa temperatura
FR2521034A1 (fr) * 1982-02-05 1983-08-12 Air Liquide Compositions a base de superoxyde de potassium et leurs applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3466480D1 (en) 1987-11-05
JPS59197258A (ja) 1984-11-08
EP0125157A1 (de) 1984-11-14
ES286975Y (es) 1986-06-01
US4717549A (en) 1988-01-05
FR2544204B1 (fr) 1987-09-11
FR2544204A1 (fr) 1984-10-19
ES286975U (es) 1985-11-16

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