EP0117885A1 - Heat insulating window - Google Patents

Heat insulating window Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0117885A1
EP0117885A1 EP83102197A EP83102197A EP0117885A1 EP 0117885 A1 EP0117885 A1 EP 0117885A1 EP 83102197 A EP83102197 A EP 83102197A EP 83102197 A EP83102197 A EP 83102197A EP 0117885 A1 EP0117885 A1 EP 0117885A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
window according
window
frame parts
frame
panes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83102197A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0117885B1 (en
Inventor
Paul Grether
Bruno Dr. Keller
Kurt Brader
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Geilinger AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG, Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
Priority to AT83102197T priority Critical patent/ATE20614T1/en
Publication of EP0117885A1 publication Critical patent/EP0117885A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0117885B1 publication Critical patent/EP0117885B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66366—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit specially adapted for units comprising more than two panes or for attaching intermediate sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
    • E06B3/64—Fixing of more than one pane to a frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S49/00—Movable or removable closures
    • Y10S49/01—Thermal breaks for frames

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal insulation window, whose area k value in the area undisturbed by the edge is at most 0.8 w / m 2 K, with at least two cover or outer panes, which are spaced apart from one another by a spacer running along the edge are enclosed in an outer frame.
  • the thermal resistance R of a material layer is given by d / ⁇ , where d is the layer thickness in the heat flow direction and ⁇ is the thermal conductivity of the material.
  • the relationship between the thermal transmittance k, referred to above as the "k value”, and the thermal resistance is: wherein the internal heat transfer coefficient ⁇ i of 8 W / m 2 K, and the outer heat transfer coefficient ⁇ with a 23 W / m K used 'will.
  • hard plastic foams or thin-walled profiles for example made of polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane or polyethylene, and porous mineral materials, such as mineral fiber boards, have proven themselves with increased fire protection requirements; their thermal conductivity coefficients ⁇ , or thermal conductivity coefficients averaged over their width, for profiles with air or foam-filled interspaces, are at least 0.05 W / m 2 K.
  • windows with an area k value equal to or less than 0.8 must be used W / m2K and whose thermal resistances are matched in the glass and edge area, have a layer thickness of the spacer in the heat flow direction or a spacing of the cover plates of at least 50 mm.
  • the gas filling is generally air.
  • care must be taken to ensure that when the window "breathes" as little dust as possible, no other pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, ammonia, hydrogen chloride or others, and / or above all as little water vapor as possible Get inside between the panes.
  • pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, ammonia, hydrogen chloride or others, and / or above all as little water vapor as possible Get inside between the panes.
  • water vapor in particular not only penetrates open systems, but also diffuses through sealing and sealing compounds. It is therefore still necessary to connect the interior space between the cover disks to the outside air via a drying chamber containing a desiccant and also the distance to design holders that are permeable to air and water vapor.
  • the desiccant which can advantageously be designed as a dust and pollutant filter at the same time, consists, for example, of silica gel and / or molecular sieves (zeolites), possibly with the addition of activated carbon. If coatings are present in the interior of the cover pane, these can be better protected against corrosion, for example, if the desiccant has the corrosion-prone components of the coatings in finely divided form - e.g. as colloidal silver or copper precipitated from a salt solution.
  • the described, relatively complex construction of the new window requires a stable, weatherproof frame that must be rigid; from experience it is known that the deflection of the cover plates due to wind loads may not exceed 1/300 of the linear dimension in the corresponding direction, the risk of breakage of the plates should not be increased inadmissibly. It is therefore required that the frame consists of separate metallic side frame parts corresponding to feature e) of claim 1, the stiffness requirement requiring a shear-resistant connection between the frame parts and the plug. The durability of the connection is guaranteed in that the thermal expansion of the web is at least approximately equal to that of the metallic frame parts.
  • the connection of frame parts and the connecting web or -stegen is advantageously carried out by gluing, for example with a Epo x y dharz adhesive.
  • thermo bridge If a "thermal bridge" is to be built between the metal sides of the frame, the insulation path between meet the specified minimum requirement.
  • the connecting web can additionally form a water vapor barrier, wherein this vapor barrier can consist, for example, of a metal foil, the thickness of which is at most 0.1 mm, and / web forms a mechanical support for this metal foil.
  • This load on the desiccant in the drying chamber can be reduced and thus its service life can be increased if the drying chamber is preceded by a prechamber to the outside atmosphere; at least one of the two chambers is constructively advantageously integrated in at least one vertical strand of the side frame parts.
  • the pre-chamber contains at least one buffer volume which is closed at least in the direction of the outside atmosphere by diffusion-inhibiting openings of narrow cross-section;
  • One can speak of a buffer volume if the volume of the prechamber per m 2 of pane or window area is at least 100 cm 3 .
  • the purpose of the buffer volume is to keep the losses of compressed dry air as low as possible given the relatively high-frequency vibrations of the window as a result of changing wind loads.
  • the diffusion-inhibiting openings are also advantageous because they form an increased resistance when "exhaling".
  • the single figure schematically shows an example of the new window in the section through the edge area.
  • the window has two glass or plastic panes 1 and 2 as cover panes, which are separated by a spacer 3, e.g. made of hard PVC at a distance d.
  • This distance is, for example, 60 mm; however, it can also have any other value between 50 and approximately 200 mm.
  • the inner space 4 between the cover plates 1 and 2 must therefore be divided by partition walls 5 to suppress convection currents.
  • partition walls 5 can e.g. consist of biaxially stretched plastic films with a thickness of 20-100 ⁇ m or of glass or plastic plates which are coated on one or both sides with IR-reflecting coatings 11, for example made of silver, gold or copper.
  • elastic support pieces 22 are provided, which consist of commercially available foam and improve the contact of the disks 1 and 2 with the spacer 3.
  • the spacer 3 which is inherently air-permeable in terms of material, enables gas exchange with the edge area 10, which is limited to the outside by a closed frame 9.
  • the frame 9 consists inside and outside of a metal frame part 6, 7a and 7b, for example made of aluminum or brass. With the help of two non-metallic connecting bars
  • the frame parts 6 and 7b are joined to form a rigid unit in a shear-resistant manner by means of an epoxy resin adhesive.
  • the outer connecting web 12 carries a vapor-permeable metal foil 13, for example made of stainless steel, / or titanium; the film 13 is glued to the web 12. Its thickness is only a few hundredths of a millimeter, so that there is no thermal bridge between the frame parts 6 and 7b.
  • the profiles of the frame parts 6 and 7b are designed such that the isolation path a between them is equal to the distance d between the cover plates 1 and 2.
  • Another possibility for a vapor-tight connection between the frame parts 6 and 7b is to make the connecting webs 11 and 12 themselves from a dense material, for example made of glass, and to seal their joints to the frame parts 6 and 7b.
  • a mechanical protection for the metal foil 13 is also used e.g. made of PVC profile piece 14, which at the same time form the front edge pivoting into the fixed outer frame, not shown, with an opening casement window.
  • the profile piece 14 is also fitted into the frame parts 6 and 7b, e.g. trapped; its cavity is covered with a thermally insulating material 15, e.g. Glass wool or plastic foam, filled.
  • a cavity is delimited by the two connecting webs 11 and 12 and the frame parts 6 and 7b, which serves partly with insulating material 15 / and partly as a drying chamber 16 with drying agent 17.
  • an air-filled prechamber 19 is provided in the frame part 6 as a buffer volume, which on the one hand has a bore 20 to the drying chamber 16 at one level and on the other hand
  • the inlet openings advantageously have diameters of only 1-2 mm. For reasons of redundancy (risk of clogging), however, 2 or more entry openings are provided.
  • the connecting webs 11 and 12 consist of poorly heat-conducting plastic, for example polyamide, or in particular of a glass fiber reinforced polyester. Their material is chosen from the viewpoint that its thermal expansion coefficient as e n g as possible to those of the frame members 6, is aligned 7a and 7b, which are generally made of aluminum or brass.
  • the frame part facing the building interior is made in two parts, the separation between its lower parts 7a and 7b, which are detachably connected to one another, so that one or more panes 1, 2 or 5 can be exchanged without the Rigid, shear-resistant unit of the frame 9, formed from the frame parts 6 and 7b and the connecting webs 11 and 12, must be destroyed. Repairing the window, for example in the event of glass breakage, is decisively simplified as a result.
  • the support of the cover plates 1 and 2 and the Spacers 3 carrying intermediate disks 5 are carried out in the frame 9 in the usual way via inserts 21 centering these elements, which are arranged at the places customary in the glass trade and consist of thermally insulating material, for example PVC or hardwood.
  • the seal between the frame 9 and the cover plates 1 and 2 Alarming Rate g en for example, from at least very largely vapor-proof butyl existing sealing elements 23, which is connected via a permanently elastic adhesive connection 24, for example from polyisobutyl, to the frame parts 6 and 7b and the cover plates 1 and 2 are.
  • these sealing elements 23 are preceded by a permanently elastic seal 25, usually based on polysulfide or silicone. With the seal 23 and the seal 25, the interior 4 is protected as far as possible against the ingress of water vapor, whereby the service life of the drying agent 17 is increased.
  • the drying chamber 16 which preferably runs vertically, has a filler opening for desiccant 17, which is preferably releasably closed and has a detachably closed filler opening at the top, which is not expressly shown.

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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Thermally Insulated Containers For Foods (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)

Abstract

The insulated window construction is characterized in having a substantially uniform heat transition coefficient. The uniformity of the heat transition coefficient is obtained by increasing the distance between the window panes and the heat resistance in the edge region of the window is matched to that in the region of the window area which is undisturbed by the edge. The edge region is formed by a frame which has a pair of separate metallic frame members which are joined together and spaced apart by non-metallic webs so as to define an insulation path of at least 0.8 times the clearance between the panes.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wärmeisolationsfenster, dessen Flächen-k-Wert im vom Rand ungestörten Bereich höchstens 0,8 w/m2K beträgt, mit mindestens zwei Deck- oder Aussenscheiben, die durch einen längs des Randes umlaufenden Abstandshalter im Abstand voneinander gehalten und von einem äusseren Rahmen umschlossen sind.The invention relates to a thermal insulation window, whose area k value in the area undisturbed by the edge is at most 0.8 w / m 2 K, with at least two cover or outer panes, which are spaced apart from one another by a spacer running along the edge are enclosed in an outer frame.

In den letzten Jahren ist es - beispielsweise durch selektiv reflektierende Beschichtung der Glasoberflächen und/oder durch Füllung des Scheibenzwischenraumes mit einem schlecht wärmeleitenden Gas, z.B. Argon, - gelungen, die Wärmedurchgangszahlen, d.h. den Flächen-k-Wert, von Wärmeisolationsfenstern im vom Rand ungestörten Bereich wesentlich zu verringern. Dieser Verbesserung auf der Glasseite stehen jedoch praktisch unveränderte Konstruktionen bei der Glasrandverbindung und bei den Fensterrahmen gegenüber. Weiterhin hat die Reduktion des Flächen-k-Wertes eine Vergrösserung der Temperaturdifferenz zwischen äusserer und innerer Deckscheibe zur Folge. Dies bewirkt, dass Wärme wegen des höheren Temperaturgefälles vermehrt durch die Glasrandverbindung und den Fensterrahmen geleitet wird, wobei die angrenzenden Glasflächen innen und aussen infolge der Querleitung im Glas als Wärmeaustauscherflächen wirken.In recent years it has been - for example by selectively reflective coating of the glass surfaces and / or by filling the space between the panes with a poorly heat-conducting gas, e.g. Argon, - the thermal transmittance, i.e. to significantly reduce the area k value of heat insulation windows in the area undisturbed by the edge. However, this improvement on the glass side is contrasted by practically unchanged constructions in the glass edge connection and in the window frames. Furthermore, the reduction in the area k value results in an increase in the temperature difference between the outer and inner cover plates. As a result of the higher temperature gradient, heat is increasingly conducted through the glass edge connection and the window frame, the adjacent glass surfaces acting as heat exchanger surfaces inside and outside as a result of the transverse conduction in the glass.

Eingehende Untersuchungen von Gesamtsystemen aus Glas, Glasrandverbindung und Rahmen haben somit ergeben, dass die Wirkung der Randzone bei verbesserten Flächen-k-Werten von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung für den Wärmewiderstand des Gesamtsystems wird; denn der relativ schlechte k-Wert am Rand wirkt sich infolge der erwähnten Querleitung vom Rand in die Glasflächen hinein in einem grösseren Bereich aus. Zum Beispiel bewirkt das bei bisherigen Wärmeisolationsfenstern übliche metallische Abstandshalter-Profil eine periphere kalte Zone am inneren Glasrand von bis zu 8 cm Breite.In-depth studies of complete systems made of glass, glass edge connection and frame have shown that the effect of the edge zone with improved area k values becomes of crucial importance for the thermal resistance of the overall system; because the relatively poor k-value at the edge affects a larger area due to the above-mentioned cross conduction from the edge into the glass surfaces. For example, the metal spacer profile that is common in previous thermal insulation windows creates a peripheral cold zone on the inner glass edge of up to 8 cm wide.

Um einen optimalen Gesamt-k-Wert zu erhalten, muss daher das Gesamtsystem Rahmen-Glasrandverbindung-Glasfläche so aufeinander abgestimmt werden, dass überall weitgehend derselbe k-Wert oder Wärmewiderstand vorhanden ist. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, diese Forderung zu erfüllen. Mit den heute zur Verfügung stehenden Werkstoffen lässt sich diese Aufgabe nur mit Hilfe einer ganzen Reihe von Massnahmen sinnvoll und wirtschaftlich tragbar erreichen; die erfindungsgemässe Kombination von an sich bekannten Merkmalen besteht daher in:

  • a) Die lichte Weite des Innenraums zwischen den Deckscheiben beträgt mindestesn 50 mm;
  • b) zwischen den Deckscheiben und im Abstand von ihnen ist mindestens eine durchsichtige Zwischenwand angeordnet;
  • c) mindestens eine der Scheiben- oder Zwischenwand-Oberflächen des Innenraums ist mit einer selektiv reflektierenden Beschichtung versehen;
  • d) der oder die Abstandshalter bestehen aus einem nichtmetallischen Material und sich luftdurchlässig ausgebildet;
  • e) der Rahmen besteht aus zwei getrennten seitlichen Rahmenteilen aus Metall, die über mindestens einen thermisch isolierenden, längs des Umfangs verlaufenden Steg zu einer geschlossenen biegesteifen Einheit schubfest miteinander verbunden sind;
  • f) der Isolationsweg zwischen den metallischen Rahmenteilen, d.h. ihr kleinster zu den Scheiben vertikaler Abstand beträgt mindestens das 0,8-fache der lichten Weite des Innenraumes;
  • g) die Wärmeausdehnung des Stegs verläuft mindestens annähernd gleich derjenigen der Rahmenteile;
  • g) der Luftraum zwischen den Deckscheiben ist über eine mit Trockenmittel gefüllte Trocknungskammer mit der Aussenatmosphäre verbunden.
In order to obtain an optimal total k-value, the overall system frame-glass edge connection-glass surface must be coordinated with one another in such a way that the same k-value or thermal resistance is largely present everywhere. The object of the invention is to meet this requirement. With the materials available today, this task can only be achieved sensibly and economically with the help of a whole series of measures; The combination according to the invention of features known per se therefore consists in:
  • a) The clear width of the interior between the cover plates is at least 50 mm;
  • b) at least one transparent intermediate wall is arranged between and at a distance from the cover disks;
  • c) at least one of the pane or partition wall surfaces of the interior is provided with a selectively reflective coating;
  • d) the spacer or spacers consist of a non-metallic material and are designed to be air-permeable;
  • e) the frame consists of two separate side frame parts made of metal, which have at least one thermal insulating, extending along the circumference of the web to form a closed, rigid unit are connected to one another in a shear-resistant manner;
  • f) the insulation path between the metallic frame parts, ie their smallest vertical distance to the panes is at least 0.8 times the clear width of the interior;
  • g) the thermal expansion of the web is at least approximately the same as that of the frame parts;
  • g) the air space between the cover plates is connected to the outside atmosphere via a drying chamber filled with drying agent.

Bekanntlich ist der Wärmewiderstand R einer Materialschicht gegeben durch d/λ , wobei d die Schichtdicke in Wärmeflussrichtung und λ die Wärmeleitzahl des Materials sind. Die Beziehung zwischen der Wärmedurchgangszahl k, die vorstehend "k-Wert" benannt ist, und dem Wärmewiderstand lautet:

Figure imgb0001
wobei die innere Wärmeübergangszahl αi mit 8 W/m2K und die äussere Wärmeübergangszahl αa mit 23 W/m K eingesetzt 'werden.As is known, the thermal resistance R of a material layer is given by d / λ, where d is the layer thickness in the heat flow direction and λ is the thermal conductivity of the material. The relationship between the thermal transmittance k, referred to above as the "k value", and the thermal resistance is:
Figure imgb0001
 wherein the internal heat transfer coefficient α i of 8 W / m 2 K, and the outer heat transfer coefficient α with a 23 W / m K used 'will.

Moderne, heute auf dem Markt erhältliche Wärmeisolationsfenster geschlossener Bauart, d.h. mit einem Innenraum zwischen den Deckscheiben, der so gut wie möglich nach aussen abgedichtet und mit einem schlecht wärmeleitenden Gas, z.B. Argon, gefüllt ist, und bei denen mindestens eine Wand oder-Scheibenoberfläche mit einer selektiv reflektierenden Beschichtung versehen ist, erreichen bei Abständen der Deckscheiben von 12 - 24 mm Wärmewiderstände von 0,45 bis 0,7 m2 K/W, die Flächen-k-Werten von 1,6 bis 1,1 W/m2K entsprechen.Modern closed-type thermal insulation windows available on the market today, ie with an interior space between the cover panes, which is sealed to the outside as well as possible and filled with a poorly heat-conducting gas, such as argon, and which have at least one wall or pane surface is provided with a selectively reflective coating, achieve thermal resistances of 0.45 to 0.7 m 2 K / W at distances of the cover disks of 12 - 24 mm, the area k values of 1.6 to 1.1 W / m 2 K correspond.

Sollte bei den oben erwähnten Wärmeisolationsfenstern die gestellte Forderung nach Angleichung der Wärmewiderstände zwischen Randbereich und "ungestörter" Fensterfläche erfüllt werden, müssten für die Abstandshalter am Rande der Glasscheiben Materialien mit Wärmeleitzahlen λ von 0,025 bis 0,035 w/m2K eingesetzt werden. Derartige λ-jterte sind heutzutage aber nur mit sehr leichten Kunstschaumstoffen - z.B. aus Polystryrol oder Polyurethan - oder mit watte- ähnlichen Füllstoffen zu erreichen. Diesen Stoffen fehlen jedoch die notwendigen Eigenschaften einer Glasrandverbindung bei Wärmeisolationsfenstern geschlossener Bauart - nämlich wasserdampf- und gasdicht, mechanisch tragfähig und beständig gegen Wasser unr normale Umwelteinflüsse zu sein.If the requirements for equalizing the thermal resistances between the edge area and the "undisturbed" window area are met in the case of the thermal insulation windows mentioned above, materials with thermal conductivities λ of 0.025 to 0.035 w / m 2 K would have to be used for the spacers on the edge of the glass panes. Nowadays such λ-jterte can only be achieved with very light synthetic foams - eg made from polystyrene or polyurethane - or with cotton-like fillers. However, these substances lack the necessary properties of a glass edge connection in closed-type thermal insulation windows - namely being water-vapor and gas-tight, mechanically stable and resistant to water and normal environmental influences.

Als Abstandshalter, die als Minimalanforderung thermisch isolierend und mechanisch tragfähig sein müssen, haben sich Kuststoff-Hartschäume oder dünnwandige Profile, beispielsweise aus Polyvinylchlorid, Polyurethan oder Polyäthylen, sowie poröse mineralische Stoffe, wie z.B. Mineralfaserplatten, bei erhöhten Brandschutzanforderungen bewährt; ihre Wärmeleitzahlen λ, bzw. über ihre Breite gemittelte Wärmeleitzahlen bei Profilen mit luft- oder schaumstoffge- .füllten Zwischenräumen, betragen mindestens 0,05 W/m 2 K. Folglich müssen Fenster, deren Flächen-k-Wert gleich oder kleiner 0,8 W/m2K ist und deren Wärmewiderstände im Glas-und Randbereich angeglichen sind, eine Schichtdicke des Abstandhalters in Wärmeflussrichtung bzw. einen Abstand der Deckscheiben von mindestens 50 mm aufweisen.As a spacer, which must be thermally insulating and mechanically load-bearing as a minimum requirement, hard plastic foams or thin-walled profiles, for example made of polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane or polyethylene, and porous mineral materials, such as mineral fiber boards, have proven themselves with increased fire protection requirements; their thermal conductivity coefficients λ, or thermal conductivity coefficients averaged over their width, for profiles with air or foam-filled interspaces, are at least 0.05 W / m 2 K. Consequently, windows with an area k value equal to or less than 0.8 must be used W / m2K and whose thermal resistances are matched in the glass and edge area, have a layer thickness of the spacer in the heat flow direction or a spacing of the cover plates of at least 50 mm.

Als Folge einer Vergrösserung der Schichtdicke bzw. des Deckscheibenabstandes sind jedoch zum einen das Auftreten von Konvektionsströmungen im Scheibenzwischenraum zu beachten, und zum anderen lassen sich Fenster mit Scheibenabständen, die grösser als ca. 30 mm sind, nicht mehr als abgeschlossene Systeme ausführen, sondern bedürfen eines Druckausgleichs mit der Umgebung. Konvektionsströmungen lassen sich leicht durch zusätzliche Zwischenwände aus Glas oder ausgespannter Kunststoff-Folie unterdrücken. Diese Zwischenwände können dabei vorteilhafterweise ein-oder beidseitig mit der notwendigen wärmestrahlungsreflektierenden Beschichtung aus Metallen - wie Silber, Gold oder Kupfer - oder halbleitenden Metalloxiden - z.B. aus zinndotiertem Indiumoxid - versehen sein. Selbstverständlich bleibt es nach wie vor möglich, die dem Fensterinneren zugewandten Flächen der Aussenscheiben gegebenenfalls mit derartigen Beschichtungen zu versehen.As a result of an increase in the layer thickness or the distance between the cover panes, on the one hand, the occurrence of convection currents in the space between the panes has to be taken into account, and on the other hand, windows with pane spacings that are larger than approx. 30 mm can no longer be designed as closed systems, but are required pressure equalization with the environment. Convection currents can easily be suppressed by additional partition walls made of glass or stretched plastic film. These partitions can advantageously be coated on one or both sides with the necessary heat-reflecting coating made of metals - such as silver, gold or copper - or semiconducting metal oxides - e.g. made of tin-doped indium oxide. Of course, it still remains possible to provide the surfaces of the outer panes facing the window interior with such coatings, if necessary.

Müssen aufgrund der relativ grossen Deckscheibenabstände die Fenster als offene Systeme ausgebildet sein, so ist die Gasfüllung im allgemeinen Luft. Bei offenen Systemen ist jedoch dafür zu sorgen, dass beim "Atmen" des Fensters möglichst kein Staub, keine anderen Schadstoffe, wie z.B. Schwefeldioxid, Schwefelwasserstoff,Stickoxide, Ozon, Ammoniak, Chlorwasserstoff oder andere, und/oder vor allem möglichst wenig Wasserdampf in den Innenraum zwischen den Scheiben gelangen. Ferner ist aus der Praxis bekannt, dass vor allem Wasserdampf nicht nur in offene Systeme eindringt, sondern auch durch Versiegelungs- und Dichtmassen hindurchdiffundiert. Es ist daher weiterhin notwendig, den Innenraum zwischen den Deckscheiben mit der Aussenluft über eine Trockenmittel enthaltende Trocknungskammer in Verbindung zu bringen und darüberhinaus die Abstandshalter luft- und wasserdampfdurchlässig auszubilden.If the windows have to be designed as open systems due to the relatively large spacing of the cover panes, the gas filling is generally air. In the case of open systems, however, care must be taken to ensure that when the window "breathes" as little dust as possible, no other pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, ammonia, hydrogen chloride or others, and / or above all as little water vapor as possible Get inside between the panes. It is also known from practice that water vapor in particular not only penetrates open systems, but also diffuses through sealing and sealing compounds. It is therefore still necessary to connect the interior space between the cover disks to the outside air via a drying chamber containing a desiccant and also the distance to design holders that are permeable to air and water vapor.

Das Trockenmittel, das mit Vorteil gleichzeitig als Staub- und Schadstoff-Filter ausgebildet sein kann, besteht beispielsweise aus Silicagel und/oder Molekularsieben (Zeolithen), eventuell mit Zugabe von Aktivkohle. Sind Beschichtungen im Deckscheibeninnenraum vorhanden, so lassen sich diese beispielsweise vor Korrosion verbessert schützen, wenn dem Trockenmittel die korrosionsanfälligen Komponenten der Beschichtungen in feinverteilter Form - z.B. als aus einer Salz-Lösung ausgefälltes, kolloidales Silber oder Kupfer - beigemischt sind.The desiccant, which can advantageously be designed as a dust and pollutant filter at the same time, consists, for example, of silica gel and / or molecular sieves (zeolites), possibly with the addition of activated carbon. If coatings are present in the interior of the cover pane, these can be better protected against corrosion, for example, if the desiccant has the corrosion-prone components of the coatings in finely divided form - e.g. as colloidal silver or copper precipitated from a salt solution.

Der geschilderte, relativ aufwendige Aufbau des neuen Fensters erfordert einen stabilen, wetterfesten Rahmen, der biegesteif sein muss; denn aus der Erfahrung heraus ist bekannt, dass die Durchbiegung der Deckscheiben infolge Windbelastungen höchstens 1/300 der linearen Abmessung in der entsprechenden Richtung sein darf, soll die Bruchgefahr der Scheiben nicht unzulässig erhöht werden. Es ist daher zu fordern, dass der Rahmen aus getrennten metallischen seitlichen Rahmenteilen entsprechend dem Merkmal e) von Anspruch 1 besteht, wobei die Steifigkeitsforderung eine schubfeste Verbindung zwischen den Rahmenteilen und dem Stec erfordert. Die Dauerhaftigkeit der Verbindung wird dadurch gewanrleistet, dass die Wärmeausdehnung des Stegs mindestens annähernd gleich derjenigen der metallischenRahmenteile ist. Die Verbindung von Rahmenteilen und Verbindungssteg oder -stegen erfolgt dabei vorteilhaft durch Kleben, beispielsweise mit einem Epoxy dharz-Kleber.The described, relatively complex construction of the new window requires a stable, weatherproof frame that must be rigid; from experience it is known that the deflection of the cover plates due to wind loads may not exceed 1/300 of the linear dimension in the corresponding direction, the risk of breakage of the plates should not be increased inadmissibly. It is therefore required that the frame consists of separate metallic side frame parts corresponding to feature e) of claim 1, the stiffness requirement requiring a shear-resistant connection between the frame parts and the plug. The durability of the connection is guaranteed in that the thermal expansion of the web is at least approximately equal to that of the metallic frame parts. The connection of frame parts and the connecting web or -stegen is advantageously carried out by gluing, for example with a Epo x y dharz adhesive.

Soll zwischen den metallenen Rahmenseiten eine "Wärmebrücke" vennieaen werden, so muss darüberhinaus der Isolationsweg zwischen ihnen die angegebene Mindestforderung erfüllen.If a "thermal bridge" is to be built between the metal sides of the frame, the insulation path between meet the specified minimum requirement.

Die Ausbildung des Rahmens als geschlossene Einheit ist erforderlich, damit ein Eindiffundieren von Feuchtigkeit möglichst weitgehend gehemmt wird, obwohl der Innenraum zwischen den Deckscheiben ein zur Aussenatmosphäre offenes System bildet. Dafür kann der Verbindungssteg zusätzlich eine Wasserdampf-Sperre bilden, wobei diese Dampfsperre beispielsweise aus einer Metallfolie bestehen kann, deren Dicke höchstens O,1 mm beträgt, und/Steg einen mechanischen Träger für diese Metallfolie bildet. Die Belastung des Trockenmittels in der Trocknungskammer kann vermindert und damit seine Standzeit erhöht werden, wenn der Trocknungskammer zur Aussenatmosphäre hin eine Vorkammer vorgelagert ist; mindestens eine der beiden Kammern wird dabei konstruktiv mit Vorteil in mindestens einen vertikalen Strang der seitlichen Rahmenteile integriert. Ziel der Vorkammer ist es einerseits, die beim "Atmen" des Fensters stattfindende Beladung des Trockenmittels so gering wie möglichzu halten, anderer- seits aber auch den Diffusionswiderstand für die kontinuierliche Wasserdampfdiffusion möglichst gross zu machen. Dabei hat es sich als günstig herausgestellt, wenn die Vorkammer mindestens ein Puffervolumen enthält, das mindestens in Richtung zur Aussenatmosphäre durch diffusionshemmende Oeffnungen engen Querschnitts abgeschlossen ist; von einem Puffervolumen kann dabei dann gesprochen werden, wenn das Volumen der Vorkammer pro m 2 Scheiben- oder Fensterfläche mindestens 100 cm3 beträgt. Das Puffervolumen hat den Zweck, bei den relativ hochfrequenten Schwingungen des Fensters infolge von wechselnden Windbelastungen die Verluste an ausgespresster trockener Luft möglichst gering zu halten. Dafür sind auch die diffusionshemmenden Oeffnungen vorteilhaft, weil sie einen erhöhten Widerstand beim "Ausatmen" bilden.The design of the frame as a closed unit is necessary so that the diffusion of moisture is inhibited as much as possible, although the interior between the cover panes forms a system that is open to the outside atmosphere. For this purpose, the connecting web can additionally form a water vapor barrier, wherein this vapor barrier can consist, for example, of a metal foil, the thickness of which is at most 0.1 mm, and / web forms a mechanical support for this metal foil. The load on the desiccant in the drying chamber can be reduced and thus its service life can be increased if the drying chamber is preceded by a prechamber to the outside atmosphere; at least one of the two chambers is constructively advantageously integrated in at least one vertical strand of the side frame parts. The aim of the pre-chamber, it is on the one hand, möglichzu keep taking place at the "breathing" of the window loading of the desiccant to a minimum, but on the other to make se it's also the diffusion resistance for continuous water vapor diffusion as high as possible. It has turned out to be advantageous if the prechamber contains at least one buffer volume which is closed at least in the direction of the outside atmosphere by diffusion-inhibiting openings of narrow cross-section; One can speak of a buffer volume if the volume of the prechamber per m 2 of pane or window area is at least 100 cm 3 . The purpose of the buffer volume is to keep the losses of compressed dry air as low as possible given the relatively high-frequency vibrations of the window as a result of changing wind loads. The diffusion-inhibiting openings are also advantageous because they form an increased resistance when "exhaling".

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing.

Die einzige Figur gibt im Schnitt durch den Randbereich schematisch ein Beispiel des neuen Fensters wieder.The single figure schematically shows an example of the new window in the section through the edge area.

Das Fenster hat als Deckscheibenzwei Glas- oder Kunststoffscheiben 1 und 2, die von einem Abstandshalter 3, z.B. aus Hart-PVC im Abstand d gehalten sind. Dieser Abstand beträgt beispielsweise 60 mm; er kann jedoch auch einen beliebigen anderen Wert zwischen 50 und ca. 200 mm annehmen. Wie geschildert, muss der Inneraum 4 zwischen den Deckscheiben 1 und 2 daher zur Unterdrückung von Konvektionsströmungen durch Zwischenwände 5 unterteilt sein. Diese können z.B. aus biaxial ausgespannten Kunststoff-Folien von 20 -100 um Dicke oder aus Glas- oder Kunststoffplatten bestehen, die ein- oder beidseitig mit IRreflektierenden Belägen 11, beispielsweise aus Silber, Gold oder Kupfer, beschichtet sind. Zwischen den Deckscheiben 1 und 2 und dem Abstandshalter 3 sind elastische Auflagestücke 22 vorgesehen, die aus handelsüblichem Schaumstoff bestehen und das Anliegen der Scheiben 1 und 2 an den Abstandshalter 3 verbessern.The window has two glass or plastic panes 1 and 2 as cover panes, which are separated by a spacer 3, e.g. made of hard PVC at a distance d. This distance is, for example, 60 mm; however, it can also have any other value between 50 and approximately 200 mm. As described, the inner space 4 between the cover plates 1 and 2 must therefore be divided by partition walls 5 to suppress convection currents. These can e.g. consist of biaxially stretched plastic films with a thickness of 20-100 μm or of glass or plastic plates which are coated on one or both sides with IR-reflecting coatings 11, for example made of silver, gold or copper. Between the cover disks 1 and 2 and the spacer 3, elastic support pieces 22 are provided, which consist of commercially available foam and improve the contact of the disks 1 and 2 with the spacer 3.

Durch über ihre Länge verteilte Löcher 8 zu jedem der durch die Deckscheiben 1 und 2 und die Zwischenscheiben 5 gebildeten Teilräume ermöglicht der vom Material her an sich luftdurchlässige Abstandshalter 3 einen Gasaustausch mit dem von einem geschlossenen Rahmen 9 nach aussen begrenzten Randbereich 10.Through holes 8 distributed over their length to each of the subspaces formed by the cover disks 1 and 2 and the intermediate disks 5, the spacer 3, which is inherently air-permeable in terms of material, enables gas exchange with the edge area 10, which is limited to the outside by a closed frame 9.

Der Rahmen 9 besteht innen und aussen aus je einem metallenen Rahmenteil 6, 7a und 7b, beispielsweise aus Aluminium oder Messing. Mit Hilfe von zwei nicht metallischer VerbindungsstegenThe frame 9 consists inside and outside of a metal frame part 6, 7a and 7b, for example made of aluminum or brass. With the help of two non-metallic connecting bars

11 und 12 sind dieRahmenteile 6 und 7b mittels eines Eproxydharz-Klebers zu einer biegesteifen Einheit schubfest zusammengefügt. Als Dampfsperre trägt der äussere Verbindungssteg 12 eine dampfndruchlässige Metallfolie 13, bei- spielsweise aus CrNi-Stahl,/oder Titan; die Folie 13 ist auf den Steg 12 aufgeklebt. Ihre Dicke beträgt nur einige Hunderdstel mm, so dass durch sie zwischen den Rahmenteilen 6 und 7b keine Wärmebrücke entsteht. Wie sich aus der Zeichnung entnehmen lässt, sind die Profile der Rahmeteile 6 und 7b so gestaltet, dass der zwischen ihnen vorhandenelsolationsweg a gleich dem Abstand d der Deckscheiben 1 und 2 ist. Eine weitere Möglichkeit für eine dampfdichte Verbindung zwischen den Rahmenteilen 6 und 7b besteht darin, die Verbindungsstege 11 und 12 selbst aus einem dichten Material, beispielsweise aus Glas, auszuführen und ihre Stoss-Stellen zu den Rahmenteilen 6 und 7b zu versiegeln.11 and 12, the frame parts 6 and 7b are joined to form a rigid unit in a shear-resistant manner by means of an epoxy resin adhesive. As a vapor barrier, the outer connecting web 12 carries a vapor-permeable metal foil 13, for example made of stainless steel, / or titanium; the film 13 is glued to the web 12. Its thickness is only a few hundredths of a millimeter, so that there is no thermal bridge between the frame parts 6 and 7b. As can be seen from the drawing, the profiles of the frame parts 6 and 7b are designed such that the isolation path a between them is equal to the distance d between the cover plates 1 and 2. Another possibility for a vapor-tight connection between the frame parts 6 and 7b is to make the connecting webs 11 and 12 themselves from a dense material, for example made of glass, and to seal their joints to the frame parts 6 and 7b.

Als mechanischer Schutz für die Metallfolie 13 dient ein ebenfalls z.B. aus PVC bestehendes Profilstück 14, das gleichzeitig bei einem zu öffnenden Flügelfenster die in den nicht gezeigten festen Aussenrahmen einschwenkende Vorderkante bilden. Das Profilstück 14 ist ebenfalls in die Rahmenteile 6 und 7b eingepasst, z.B. eingeklemmt; sein Hohlraum ist mit einem thermisch isolierenden Material 15, z.B. Glaswolle oder Kunststoffschaum, gefüllt.A mechanical protection for the metal foil 13 is also used e.g. made of PVC profile piece 14, which at the same time form the front edge pivoting into the fixed outer frame, not shown, with an opening casement window. The profile piece 14 is also fitted into the frame parts 6 and 7b, e.g. trapped; its cavity is covered with a thermally insulating material 15, e.g. Glass wool or plastic foam, filled.

Von den beiden Verbindungsstegen 11 und 12 und den Rahmenteilen 6 und 7b wird ein Hohlraum begrenzt, der teilweise mit Isoliermaterial 15/und teilweise als Trocknungskammer 16 mit Trockenmittel 17 dient. Bohrungen 18, die über eine Teilhöhe der Trocknungskammer 16 im Verbindungssteg 11 verteilt sind, stellen eine "Strömungs"-Verbindung zwischen dem Innenraum 4 und der Trocknungskammer 16 her; diese erstreckt sich mit Vorteil über eine vertikale Länge des Fensters. Zu ihr parallel verlaufend ist im Rahmenteil 6 eine luftgefüllte Vorkammer 19 als Puffervolumen vorgesehen, die einerseits auf einer Niveauhöhe eine Bohrung 20 zur Trocknungskammer 16 und andererseitsA cavity is delimited by the two connecting webs 11 and 12 and the frame parts 6 and 7b, which serves partly with insulating material 15 / and partly as a drying chamber 16 with drying agent 17. Bores 18, which are distributed over a partial height of the drying chamber 16 in the connecting web 11, provide a "flow" connection between the interior 4 and the drying chamber 16 ago; this advantageously extends over a vertical length of the window. Running parallel to it, an air-filled prechamber 19 is provided in the frame part 6 as a buffer volume, which on the one hand has a bore 20 to the drying chamber 16 at one level and on the other hand

auf einer zweiten, von der ersten möglichst weit entfernten Niveauhöhe nicht gezeigte enge Eintrittsöffnungen zur Atmosphäre besitzt. Zur Erhöhung des Diffusionswiderstandes haben die Eintrittsöffnungen vorteilhafterweise Durchmesser von nur 1 - 2mm. Aus Redundanzgründen (Verstopfungsgefahr) werden jedoch 2 oder mehr Eintrittsöffnungen angebracht.at a second level, not shown, from the first level, as far away as possible, to the atmosphere. To increase the diffusion resistance, the inlet openings advantageously have diameters of only 1-2 mm. For reasons of redundancy (risk of clogging), however, 2 or more entry openings are provided.

Die Verbindungsstege 11 und 12 bestehen aus schlecht wärmeleitendem Kunststoff, z.B. Polyamid, oder insbesondere aus einem glasfaserverstärktem Polyester. Ihr Material ist unter dem Gesichtspunkt ausgewählt, dass sein thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient so eng wie möglich an denjenigen der Rahmenteile 6, 7a und 7b angeglichen ist, die im allgemeinen aus Aluminium oder Messing gefertigt sind.The connecting webs 11 and 12 consist of poorly heat-conducting plastic, for example polyamide, or in particular of a glass fiber reinforced polyester. Their material is chosen from the viewpoint that its thermal expansion coefficient as e n g as possible to those of the frame members 6, is aligned 7a and 7b, which are generally made of aluminum or brass.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist der dem Gebäudeinneren zugewandte Rahmenteil zweiteilig ausgeführt, wobei die Trennung zwischen seinen Unterteilen 7a und 7b, die lösbar miteinander verbunden sind, so erfolgt, dass eine Austauschbarkeit einer oder mehrerer Scheiben l, 2 bzw. 5 besteht, ohne dass die biegesteife schubfeste Einheit des Rahmens 9, gebildet aus den Rahmenteilen 6 und 7b und den Verbindungsstegen 11 und 12,zerstört weraen muss. Eine Reparatur des Fensters, beispielsweise bei Glasbruch, wird dadurch entscheidend vereinfacht.As already mentioned, the frame part facing the building interior is made in two parts, the separation between its lower parts 7a and 7b, which are detachably connected to one another, so that one or more panes 1, 2 or 5 can be exchanged without the Rigid, shear-resistant unit of the frame 9, formed from the frame parts 6 and 7b and the connecting webs 11 and 12, must be destroyed. Repairing the window, for example in the event of glass breakage, is decisively simplified as a result.

Die Abstützung der Deckscheiben 1 und 2 sowie der die Zwischenscheiben 5 tragenden Abstandshalter 3 erfolgt im Rahmen 9 in üblicher Weise über diese Elemente zentrierende Beilagen 21, die an den im Glasergewerbe üblichen Stellen angeordnet sind und aus thermisch isolierendem Material, beispielsweise PVC oder Hartholz, bestehen.The support of the cover plates 1 and 2 and the Spacers 3 carrying intermediate disks 5 are carried out in the frame 9 in the usual way via inserts 21 centering these elements, which are arranged at the places customary in the glass trade and consist of thermally insulating material, for example PVC or hardwood.

Die Abdichtung zwischen dem Rahmen 9 und den Deckscheiben 1 und 2 besorgen z.B. aus mindestens sehr weitgehend dampfdichtem Butylgummi bestehende Dichtelemente 23, die über eine dauerplastische Klebeverbindung 24, beispielsweise aus Polyisobutyl, mit den Rahmenteilen 6 und 7b und den Deckscheiben 1 und 2 verbunden sind. Nach aussen ist diesen Dichtelementen 23 eine dauerelastische Versiegelung 25, üblicherweise auf Polysulfid- oder Silikonbasis, vorgelagert. Mit der Dichtung 23 und der Versiegelung 25 wird der Innenraum 4 soweit wie möglich gegen das Eindringen von Wasserdampf geschützt, wodurch die Standzeit des Trockenmittels 17 erhöht wird. Für dessen Austausch ist es zweckmässig, wenn die vorzugsweise vertikal verlaufende Trocknungskammer 16 unter eine lösbar verschlossene Entleer- und oben eine ebenfalls lösbar verschlossene Einfüllöffnung für Trockenmittel 17 besitzt, was nicht ausdrücklich dargestellt ist.The seal between the frame 9 and the cover plates 1 and 2 Alarming Rate g en, for example, from at least very largely vapor-proof butyl existing sealing elements 23, which is connected via a permanently elastic adhesive connection 24, for example from polyisobutyl, to the frame parts 6 and 7b and the cover plates 1 and 2 are. To the outside, these sealing elements 23 are preceded by a permanently elastic seal 25, usually based on polysulfide or silicone. With the seal 23 and the seal 25, the interior 4 is protected as far as possible against the ingress of water vapor, whereby the service life of the drying agent 17 is increased. For its replacement, it is expedient if the drying chamber 16, which preferably runs vertically, has a filler opening for desiccant 17, which is preferably releasably closed and has a detachably closed filler opening at the top, which is not expressly shown.

Claims (9)

1. Wärmeisolationsfenster, dessen Flächen-k-Wert im von Randeinflüssen ungestörten Bereich höchstens 0,8 W/m2K beträgt, mit mindestens zwei Deck- oder Aussenscheiben, die durch längs des Randes umlaufende Abstandshalter im Abstand voneinander gehalten und von einem äusseren Rahmen umschlossen sind, gekennzeichnet durch die Kombination der an sich bekannten Merkmale: a) die lichte Weite (d) des Innenraums (4) zwischen den Deckscheiben (1, 2) beträgt mindestens 50 mm; b) zwischen den Deckscheiben (1, 2) und im Abstand von ihnen ist mindestens eine durchsichtige Zwischenwand (5) angeordnet; c) mindestens eine der Scheiberr oder Zwischenwand-Oberflächen des Innenraums (4) ist mit einer selektiv reflektierenden Beschichtung (11) versehen; d) der oder die Abstandshalter (3) bestehen aus einem nicht metallischen Material und sind luftdurchlässig ausgebildet; e) der Rahmen (9) besteht aus zwei getrennten seitlichen Rahmenteilen (6, 7a, 7b) aus Metall, die über mindestens einen thermisch isolierenden, längs des Umfangs verlaufenden Steg (11, 12) zu einer geschlossenen biegesteifen Einheit schubfest miteinander verbunden sind; f) der Isolationsweg zwischen den metallischen Rahmenteilen (6, 7a, 7b), d.h. ihr kleinster zu den Scheiben (1, 2) senkrechter Abstand (a) beträgt mindestens das 0,8-fache der lichten Weite (d) des Innenraumes; g) die Wärmeausdehnung des Stegs (11, 12) verläuft mindestens annähernd gleich derjenigen der Rahmenteile (6, 7a, 7b); h) der Luftraum (4) zwischen den Deckscheiben (1, 2) ist über eine mit Trockenmittel (17) gefüllte Trocknungskammer (16) mit der Aussenatmosphäre (A) verbunden. 1.Thermal insulation window, whose area k value in the area undisturbed by edge influences is at most 0.8 W / m 2 K, with at least two cover or outer panes, which are spaced apart from one another by spacers running along the edge and from an outer frame are enclosed, characterized by the combination of the known features: a) the clear width (d) of the interior (4) between the cover plates (1, 2) is at least 50 mm; b) at least one transparent intermediate wall (5) is arranged between the cover disks (1, 2) and at a distance from them; c) at least one of the pane or partition wall surfaces of the interior (4) is provided with a selectively reflective coating (11); d) the spacer (s) (3) consist of a non-metallic material and are designed to be air-permeable; e) the frame (9) consists of two separate lateral frame parts (6, 7a, 7b) made of metal, which are connected to one another in a shear-resistant, rigid manner by means of at least one thermally insulating web (11, 12) running along the circumference; f) the insulation path between the metallic frame parts (6, 7a, 7b), ie their smallest distance (a) perpendicular to the panes (1, 2) is at least 0.8 times the clear width (d) of the interior; g) the thermal expansion of the web (11, 12) is at least approximately the same as that of the frame parts (6, 7a, 7b); h) the air space (4) between the cover plates (1, 2) is connected to the outside atmosphere (A) via a drying chamber (16) filled with drying agent (17). 2. Fenster nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbindungssteg (12) für die metallischen Rahmenteile (6, 7a, 7b) eine Wasserdampfsperre bildet.2. Window according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting web (12) for the metallic frame parts (6, 7a, 7b) forms a water vapor barrier. 3. Fenster nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dampfsperre aus einer Metallfolie (13) besteht, deren Dicke höchstens 0,1 mm beträgt.3. Window according to claim 2, characterized in that the vapor barrier consists of a metal foil (13) whose thickness is at most 0.1 mm. 4. Fenster nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Steg (12) einen mechanischen Träger für die Metallfolie (13) bildet.4. Window according to claim 3, characterized in that the web (12) forms a mechanical support for the metal foil (13). 5. Fenster nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trocknungskammer (16) gleichzeitig als Schadstoffe absorbierendes Staubfilter ausgebildet ist.5. Window according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying chamber (16) is simultaneously designed as a dust filter absorbing pollutants. 6. Fenster nach Anspruch l, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trocknungskammer (16) zur Aussenatmosphäre (A) hin eine Vorkammer (19) vorgelagert ist.6. Window according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying chamber (16) to the outside atmosphere (A) is preceded by a prechamber (19). 7. Fenster nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorkammer (19) mindestens ein Puffervolumen enthält, das mindestens in Richtung zur Aussenatmosphäre (A) durch diffusionshemmende Oeffnungen engen Querschnitts abgeschlossen ist.7. Window according to claim 6, characterized in that the prechamber (19) contains at least one buffer volume which is closed at least in the direction of the outside atmosphere (A) by diffusion-inhibiting openings of narrow cross-section. 8. Fenster nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Puffervolumen der Vorkammer pro m2 Scheiben- oder Fensterfläche mindestens 100 cm3 beträgt.8. Window according to claim 7, characterized in that the buffer volume of the prechamber per m 2 disk or Window area is at least 100 cm 3 . 9. Fenster nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trocknungs- und/oder die Vorkammer (16 und 19) in mindestens einen vertikalen Strang der seitlichen Rahmenteile (6) integriert sind.9. Window according to claim 6, characterized in that the drying and / or the pre-chamber (16 and 19) are integrated in at least one vertical strand of the side frame parts (6).
EP83102197A 1983-02-09 1983-03-05 Heat insulating window Expired EP0117885B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83102197T ATE20614T1 (en) 1983-02-09 1983-03-05 HEAT INSULATION WINDOW.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH715/83 1983-02-09
CH715/83A CH665255A5 (en) 1983-02-09 1983-02-09 HEAT INSULATION WINDOW.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0117885A1 true EP0117885A1 (en) 1984-09-12
EP0117885B1 EP0117885B1 (en) 1986-07-02

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ID=4193472

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83102197A Expired EP0117885B1 (en) 1983-02-09 1983-03-05 Heat insulating window

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4563843A (en)
EP (1) EP0117885B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE20614T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1257142A (en)
CH (1) CH665255A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3364309D1 (en)
DK (1) DK154445C (en)
FI (1) FI75649C (en)
NO (1) NO161187C (en)

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WO1986002145A1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1986-04-10 Geilinger Ag System for meeting the energy requirements of a room
EP0262677A2 (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-04-06 Josef Gartner & Co. Insulating window or façade structure in the transparent zone
GB2202571A (en) * 1987-02-03 1988-09-28 Pilkington Plc Glazing units
EP0292582A1 (en) * 1987-05-23 1988-11-30 Ernst Josef Meeth Window
US5059458A (en) * 1987-08-14 1991-10-22 Pilkington Plc Glazing units
EP0765988A1 (en) * 1995-09-26 1997-04-02 General Electric Company Window system
DE29705765U1 (en) * 1997-03-20 1997-07-24 Konrad Lindhorst Metallbau Gmb Metallic box window
EP1908910A3 (en) * 2006-09-29 2011-03-23 Inoutic / Deceuninck GmbH Wingprofile with a desiccant and a vapour barrier
EP2412910A2 (en) 2010-07-27 2012-02-01 IFN-Holding AG Method for producing a multi-pane insulating glass element
EP2412909A2 (en) 2010-07-27 2012-02-01 IFN-Holding AG Method for producing a multi-pane insulating glass element
EP2415958A2 (en) 2010-07-27 2012-02-08 IFN-Holding AG Method for producing a multi-pane insulating glass element
CN103397836A (en) * 2013-07-15 2013-11-20 天津南玻节能玻璃有限公司 Novel energy-saving hollow security glass
CN104912460A (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-16 河北奥润顺达窗业有限公司 Solid wood out-opening door and window with good sealing performance
US9617780B2 (en) * 2010-12-17 2017-04-11 Guardian Ig, Llc Triple pane window spacer, window assembly and methods for manufacturing same
CN110924819A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-27 天津北玻玻璃工业技术有限公司 Fixing method of aluminum screen plate in hollow glass

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US9260907B2 (en) * 2012-10-22 2016-02-16 Guardian Ig, Llc Triple pane window spacer having a sunken intermediate pane
WO2015006847A1 (en) 2013-07-19 2015-01-22 Litezone Technologies Inc. Pressure compensated glass unit
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Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1986002144A1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1986-04-10 Geilinger Ag System for meeting the energy requirements for lighting and heating a building
WO1986002145A1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1986-04-10 Geilinger Ag System for meeting the energy requirements of a room
EP0177656A1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1986-04-16 Geilinger AG System for providing for the power requirements of a building as to lighting and heating
EP0177657A1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1986-04-16 Geilinger AG System for the covering of the power requirements of a room
US4914718A (en) * 1984-10-08 1990-04-03 Geilinger Ag System for covering the energy required for lighting and heating a building
US4955285A (en) * 1984-10-08 1990-09-11 Geilinger Ag System for covering the energy requirement of a room
EP0262677A2 (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-04-06 Josef Gartner & Co. Insulating window or façade structure in the transparent zone
DE3633620A1 (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-04-14 Gartner & Co J THERMAL INSULATING WINDOW OR FACADE ARRANGEMENT IN THE TRANSPARENT AREA
EP0262677A3 (en) * 1986-10-02 1989-02-01 Josef Gartner & Co. Insulating window or façade structure in the transparent zone
GB2202571A (en) * 1987-02-03 1988-09-28 Pilkington Plc Glazing units
GB2202571B (en) * 1987-02-03 1991-03-27 Pilkington Plc Glazing units.
EP0292582A1 (en) * 1987-05-23 1988-11-30 Ernst Josef Meeth Window
US5059458A (en) * 1987-08-14 1991-10-22 Pilkington Plc Glazing units
EP0765988A1 (en) * 1995-09-26 1997-04-02 General Electric Company Window system
DE29705765U1 (en) * 1997-03-20 1997-07-24 Konrad Lindhorst Metallbau Gmb Metallic box window
EP1908910A3 (en) * 2006-09-29 2011-03-23 Inoutic / Deceuninck GmbH Wingprofile with a desiccant and a vapour barrier
EP2412910A2 (en) 2010-07-27 2012-02-01 IFN-Holding AG Method for producing a multi-pane insulating glass element
EP2412909A2 (en) 2010-07-27 2012-02-01 IFN-Holding AG Method for producing a multi-pane insulating glass element
EP2415958A2 (en) 2010-07-27 2012-02-08 IFN-Holding AG Method for producing a multi-pane insulating glass element
US9617780B2 (en) * 2010-12-17 2017-04-11 Guardian Ig, Llc Triple pane window spacer, window assembly and methods for manufacturing same
CN103397836A (en) * 2013-07-15 2013-11-20 天津南玻节能玻璃有限公司 Novel energy-saving hollow security glass
CN103397836B (en) * 2013-07-15 2015-11-25 天津南玻节能玻璃有限公司 A kind of security-monitoring energy-saving hollow glass
CN104912460B (en) * 2014-03-11 2016-08-17 河北奥润顺达窗业有限公司 A kind of solid wood external-open door and window of good seal performance
CN104912460A (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-16 河北奥润顺达窗业有限公司 Solid wood out-opening door and window with good sealing performance
CN110924819A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-27 天津北玻玻璃工业技术有限公司 Fixing method of aluminum screen plate in hollow glass
CN110924819B (en) * 2019-11-26 2021-08-13 天津北玻玻璃工业技术有限公司 Fixing method of aluminum screen plate in hollow glass

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO840469L (en) 1984-08-10
FI840398A0 (en) 1984-01-31
DK154445C (en) 1989-05-08
DK154445B (en) 1988-11-14
FI75649C (en) 1988-07-11
CA1257142A (en) 1989-07-11
NO161187C (en) 1989-07-12
US4563843A (en) 1986-01-14
EP0117885B1 (en) 1986-07-02
CH665255A5 (en) 1988-04-29
FI75649B (en) 1988-03-31
DE3364309D1 (en) 1986-08-07
NO161187B (en) 1989-04-03
DK574783A (en) 1984-08-10
ATE20614T1 (en) 1986-07-15
DK574783D0 (en) 1983-12-14
FI840398A (en) 1984-08-10

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